必修一 Unit 3 Sports and Fitness 单元培优综合测试卷（解析版）

必修一Unit3SportsandFitness单元培优综合测试卷其次部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2024·陕西西安·模拟猜测）CAMPREGISTRATIONNOWOPEN!Formoreinformationontheguidelineswewillbetakingtohelpensurethesafetyandhealthofourcampersandstaffthissummer,clickhere!OurTennisCampsAretheBestAroundWecurrentlyofferouradidasTennisCampsin19states,andateverysingleoneweputanemphasisoncreatingapositiveatmosphereforchildrenaged8to18toreceivetennistrainingfromtheexperts.Itdoesn’tmatterwhatskilllevelyourchildiscurrentlyat,theywillbeabletoreceivetennislessonsdesignedjustforthem,ensuringtheyleaveourtenniscampabetterplayerthanwhentheyarrived.WhatYourChildWillLearnatOurTennisClinicsWhetheryourchildattendsourovernighttenniscamporourdaytenniscamp,theywilllearneverythingtheyneedtoexcelonthecourt.Afewofourtennistrainingfocusesare:·Beingagoodsport·Perfectingtheserve·Improvingform·Playingwithintegrity·Settinggoals·PreparingmentallyWhatCanBeExpectedatOurSummerTennisCampsOncethere,eachplayerwillbeevaluatedsotheycanreceivethepropertennislessonsfortheirexperiencelevel.Afterthat,thefunwillbegin.Theywillreceivebothindividualandteaminstruction,playexhibitiontennismatches,andevenwinprizes.Aftertheinstructionpartofthedayisover,yourchildwillspendthenightinthedormssotheycangetagoodnight’ssleeptoprepareforthenextday.Ofcourse,allmealswillbeprovidedandyourchildwillevenreceiveanadidasTennisCampT-shirttotakehomewiththem.Ifyouwantyourchildtoimprovetheirtennisskillsbylearningfromtheexperts,thereisnobetterplacetosendthemthantooneofouradidasTennisCamps.1．WhatcanbeguaranteedafterthecampersendtheadidasTennisCamp?A．Theywillgetmedicalinsuranceforfree.B．Theycanplaytennisbetterthanwhentheyarrived.C．Theywillreceivetennislessonsdesignedbystars.D．Theyhavetheopportunitytochoosetheirinstructors.2．WhatcanthecampersdoattheSummerTennisCamps?A．Spendthenightplaying. B．Competeforprızes.C．Onlyreceiveindividualtennislessons. D．BuyanadidasTennisCampsT-shirt.3．Whatisthetext?A．Apieceofnews. B．Aguidebook.C．Anadvertisement. D．Anabstractofinstructions.【答案】1．B2．B3．C【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个网球训练营的基本状况、招生及活动支配。1．细节理解题。依据其次段“Itdoesn’tmatterwhatskilllevelyourchildiscurrentlyat,theywillbeabletoreceivetennislessonsdesignedjustforthem,ensuringtheyleaveourtenniscampabetterplayerthanwhentheyarrived.(无论你的孩子目前的技术水平如何，他们都能接受专为他们设计的网球课程，确保他们离开我们的网球训练营时成为比他们抵达时更好的球员。)”可知，他们能更好的提高网球技术，故选B项。2．细节理解题。依据最终一段“Theywillreceivebothindividualandteaminstruction,playexhibitiontennismatches,andevenwinprizes.(他们将接受个人和团队指导，参与网球表演赛，甚至赢得奖品。)”可知，参与网球营的人们可以竞赛得奖，B项“为奖品而竞赛”符合题意。故选B项。3．推理推断题。依据文章大意及最终一段“Ifyouwantyourchildtoimprovetheirtennisskillsbylearningfromtheexperts,thereisnobetterplacetosendthemthantooneofouradidasTennisCamps.(假如你想让你的孩子通过向专家学习来提高他们的网球技能，那么最好的地方就是把他们送到阿迪达斯网球营。)”可知，这是一篇招生广告。故选C项。B（2024·辽宁锦州·一模）DefeatingDaniilMedvedevinNewYorkonSunday,Djokovic,oneofthegreatesttennisplayer,bagging24GrandSlam(大满贯)singlestitles,equalizedtherecordheldbyAustralianMargaretCourt,thesamenumberofsinglestitlesintheall-timecount.Withthevictory,DjokovicbecametheoldestUSOpenmen’ssingleschampionintheOpenEra.Intotal,hehas10AustralianOpens,sevenWimbledons,fourUSOpensandthreeRolandGarrostitles,makinghimtheonlymantowinallfourmajorsatleastthreetimes.“WhenIrealizedthat,Istartedtodreamnewdreamsandsetnewgoals.IneverimaginedthatIwouldbeheretalkingabout24Slams,”hesaidafterwards.DjokovicreachedallfinalsintheGrandSlamsin2023,andtheonlylosswasatWimbledon,whenCarlosAlcarazofSpain,20,broughthomethechampionafteranintensebattlelastingfourhoursand43minutes.Djokovic,at36,showsfewsignsoflosingphysicaledge.Hestayshealthy,keepsexceptionalskillsandalwaysdesirestowinmore.CapturinghisfirstGrandSlamin2008,Djokovicbaggedhalfofhis24majortitlesafterheturned30.“OneofthebiggestlessonsIhavelearnedprobablymentallythroughoutmycareeristhatevenifyoufindaformula(方案)thatworks,it’snotaguarantee,andactuallymostlikelyit’snotgoingtoworkthenextyear,soIkeepreinventingmyselfandalwaystryingtofindbetterwaystowin,”saidDjokovic.ForDjokovic,whoalwaysgetstoughwhenthegoinggetstough,24isjustanumberthathecangobeyond.“I’llcontinuetoprioritizeGrandSlamsasmymostimportanttournamentsandwhereIwanttoplaythebesttennis.Thatwillstaythesameinthenextseason,orIdon’tknowhowmanymoreseasonsIhaveinmylegs,”headded,“So,let’ssee.”4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“equalized”inthefirstparagraphprobablymean?A．Set. B．Broke. C．Levelled. D．Approached.5．WhatcanweknowaboutDjokovicaccordingtothepassage?A．Hewon12GrandSlamsinhisthirties.B．HewonallthefinalsintheGrandSlamsin2023.C．Heattachedthesameimportancetoallthematches.D．Heistheoldestmen’ssingleschampionintheopenera.6．Whatseemsthe“secret”ofDjokovic’sgreatachievement?A．Losingphysicaledge. B．AttendingmoreGrandSlams.C．Followingagoodformula. D．Findingflexibleandproperstrategies.7．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDjokovic?A．Confidentandemotional. B．Ambitiousanddevoted.C．Aggressiveandstubborn. D．Enthusiasticandgenerous.【答案】4．C5．A6．D7．B【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍的是网球运动员德约科维奇在该项运动中所取得的成就以及成功的缘由和将来的展望。4．词义猜想题。依据划线单词前的“DefeatingDaniilMedvedevinNewYorkonSunday,Djokovic,oneofthegreatesttennisplayer,bagging24GrandSlam(大满贯)singlestitles(周日，德约科维奇在纽约击败了丹尼尔·梅德韦杰夫，这位最宏大的网球运动员之一，获得了24个大满贯单打冠军)”可知，德约科维奇是最宏大的网球运动员之一，获得了24个大满贯，结合下文中的“therecordheldbyAustralianMargaretCourt,thesamenumberofsinglestitlesintheall-timecount.(澳大利亚人玛格丽特·考特保持的记录，在历史上获得单打冠军的次数相同。)”可知，此处叙述的是德约科维奇大满贯获得的单打冠军的次数与澳大利亚人玛格丽特·考特保持的记录数相同，由此可知，划线单词的意思应与“等同于”意义相近。故选C项。5．细节理解题。依据第四段中的“CapturinghisfirstGrandSlamin2008,Djokovicbaggedhalfofhis24majortitlesafterheturned30.(2008年，德约科维奇获得了他的第一个大满贯，在他30岁之后，他获得了24个大满贯中的一半。)”可知，德约科维奇获得了24个大满贯冠军，其中30岁以后获得了其中的一半，由此可知，在他三十多岁获得了12个大满贯冠军。故选A项。6．细节理解题。依据倒数其次段中的““OneofthebiggestlessonsIhavelearnedprobablymentallythroughoutmycareeristhatevenifyoufindaformula(方案)thatworks,it’snotaguarantee,andactuallymostlikelyit’snotgoingtoworkthenextyear,soIkeepreinventingmyselfandalwaystryingtofindbetterwaystowin,”saidDjokovic.(德约科维奇说：“在我的整个职业生涯中，我学到的最重要的一课可能是，即使你找到了一个有效的方案，也不能保证它是有效的，实际上很可能明年它也不会有效，所以我不断地改造自己，总是试图找到更好的方法来赢得竞赛。”)”可知，德约科维奇认为，任何一种有效的方案都不能保证以后还会有效，所以他在不断的转变试图找到更好的方法赢得竞赛，由此可知，德约科维奇成功的秘诀在于查找机敏和适当的方案。故选D项。7．推理推断题。依据尾段中的““I’llcontinuetoprioritizeGrandSlamsasmymostimportanttournamentsandwhereIwanttoplaythebesttennis.Thatwillstaythesameinthenextseason,orIdon’tknowhowmanymoreseasonsIhaveinmylegs,”headded,“So,let’ssee.”(“我将连续把大满贯作为我最重要的竞赛，我想在那里打出最好的网球。下个赛季会保持不变，或者我不知道我的腿还能打几个赛季，”他补充道，“所以，让我们看看。”)”可知，德约科维奇将把大满贯作为最重要的竞赛，期望在那里打出最好的网球，说明他很有雄心，同时他表示下个赛季保持不变，尽管不知道自己还能打几个赛季，但是他照旧让人们拭目以待，由此可知，他格外的热衷于网球，由以上可知，德约科维奇是一个有雄心且热衷于网球的人。故选B项。C（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·一模）Geothermal(地热的)powergenerationisoneofourmoststablerenewableenergyresources.HeatgeneratedbelowtheEarth’ssurfacecanprovideanalmostunlimitedsupplytopowerandheathomes.Andwhilegeothermalelectricityonlyaccountsforaroundonepercentofglobalgeneration,thatissettoatleasttripleby2050.TheGeysersinCaliforniaistheworld’slargestgeothermalelectricitycomplex.Itproducesenoughelectricityfromits18powerplantsfor725,000homes,totaling20percentofthestate’srenewableenergy.Superheated“drysteam”ischanneledfromalargesandstonereservoirheatedbyalargemagmachamber(岩浆房)morethanfourmilesbeneaththesurface.Heatiscapturedfromitspassagethroughtherockandtheheatedwaterconvertsintoelectricity.Cooledwateristhenrecycledandpumpedbacktogathermoreheat.EGS(enhancedgeothermalsystems)technologieswillopenupmanymoresitesforgeothermalenergy.“Youcaneffectivelyputapowerplantanywhere,”saidWillPettit,directoroftheGeothermalResourcesCouncil.“Allyouhavetodoisdrilldeepenoughandyouwillfindhotrock.”

Mostgeothermalplantsactuallyuseaflashsteamtechnique,wherehotwater(at360For180C)isdrawnup,passedintolowerpressuretanksandflashedintosteamtopoweraturbine(涡轮机).Binarycycle(双元循环)plantsarethegrowthtechnologybecausetheycanoperateatlowerwatertemperaturesandmorediversegeographicallocations.Theyusemoderatelyhotwatertoheatasecondaryfluidwithalowerboilingpoint—aslowas135F—todriveturbines.Geothermalplantsalreadyemit11timeslesscarbondioxideperunitofelectricitythantheaverageUScoalpowerplant.Theycanalsooperate24hoursadaytoprovideasolidbaseloadforhomesandbusinesses.Therearedrawbackstoo.Seismicactivityarounddrillingwellsisafactor.Highinvestmentcostsareanother.ButtheUSgovernmentisbackingthesectorwithmulti-milliondollarfundstopushforwardadvancedEGSresearch.Geothermalenergyissettoplayabigpartinthelow-carbonelectricityfuture.8．WhatisthesignificanceofEGS(enhancedgeothermalsystems)technologies?A．Theyhavemadegeothermalenergylesssustainable.B．Theyhavegreatlyreducedtheneedfordrillingingeothermalsites.C．Theyallowformoreefficientuseofgeothermalresources.D．Theyhaveopenedupnewmethodsofgeneratingelectricityfromwater.9．Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph4?A．Powerplantsarenotaffectedbywater.B．Hotwaterisusedtopoweraturbinedirectly.C．Binarycycleplantsarelessrestrictedtosites.D．Aflashsteamtechniqueisamustingeothermalplants.10．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofgeothermalpower?A．Perfect. B．limited. C．impractical. D．promising.11．Whatisthemainideaofthearticle?A．Businesseshavebeencompetingtogainanadvantageingeothermalpower.B．Geothermalpowerislikelytobeagreatchancetosustainablepower.C．TraditionalpowerhasbeenreplacedbygeothermalpowerinAmerica.D．EGStechnologieshavecomeintowidespreadapplicationaroundtheworld.【答案】8．C9．C10．D11．B【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了地热发电的概念、工作原理、应用实例以及优缺点。8．细节理解题。依据文章第三段“EGS(enhancedgeothermalsystems)technologieswillopenupmanymoresitesforgeothermalenergy.“Youcaneffectivelyputapowerplantanywhere,”saidWillPettit,directoroftheGeothermalResourcesCouncil.“Allyouhavetodoisdrilldeepenoughandyouwillfindhotrock.”(增加型地热系统(EGS)技术将为地热能源开拓更多的场所。“你可以在任何地方建立发电厂，”地热资源委员会主任WillPettit说。“你所要做的就是钻得足够深，你就会找到热岩石。”)”可知，EGS技术能够开拓更多的地热能源场地，使得人们可以在更多地方建立发电厂。因此，EGS技术的意义在于它们使得地热资源的利用更加高效。故选C项。9．推理推断题。依据文章第四段“Binarycycle(双元循环)plantsarethegrowthtechnologybecausetheycanoperateatlowerwatertemperaturesandmorediversegeographicallocations.Theyusemoderatelyhotwatertoheatasecondaryfluidwithalowerboilingpoint—aslowas135F—todriveturbines.(双元循环发电厂是增长的技术，由于它们可以在更低的水温存更多不同的地理位置运行。它们使用温度适中的热水加热沸点较低的二次流体——低至135华氏度——以驱动涡轮机。)”可知，双元循环发电厂是增长的技术，它们可以在更低的水温存更多不同的地理位置运行。由此可知，双元循环发电厂对地点的限制较少。故选C。10．推理推断题。依据文章第一段“Geothermal(地热的)powergenerationisoneofourmoststablerenewableenergyresources.HeatgeneratedbelowtheEarth’ssurfacecanprovideanalmostunlimitedsupplytopowerandheathomes.Andwhilegeothermalelectricityonlyaccountsforaroundonepercentofglobalgeneration,thatissettoatleasttripleby2050.(地热发电是我们最稳定的可再生能源之一。地球表面以下产生的热量可以为家庭供应几乎无限的电力和供暖。虽然地热发电只占全球发电量的1%左右，但到2050年，这一比例将至少增加两倍。)”以及全文内容可知，文章强调了地热发电作为最稳定的可再生能源之一的重要性，并提到了地热发电在全球发电量的占比估计将在将来有所增加。由此可知，作者认为地热是有前途的。故选D项。11．主旨大意题。依据文章第一段“Geothermal(地热的)powergenerationisoneofourmoststablerenewableenergyresources.HeatgeneratedbelowtheEarth’ssurfacecanprovideanalmostunlimitedsupplytopowerandheathomes.Andwhilegeothermalelectricityonlyaccountsforaroundonepercentofglobalgeneration,thatissettoatleasttripleby2050.(地热发电是我们最稳定的可再生能源之一。地球表面以下产生的热量可以为家庭供应几乎无限的电力和供暖。虽然地热发电只占全球发电量的1%左右，但到2050年，这一比例将至少增加两倍。)”以及最终一段“ButtheUSgovernmentisbackingthesectorwithmulti-milliondollarfundstopushforwardadvancedEGSresearch.Geothermalenergyissettoplayabigpartinthelow-carbonelectricityfuture.(但美国政府正以数百万美元的资金支持该行业，以推动先进的EGS争辩。地热能将在将来的低碳电力中扮演重要角色。)”可知，文章主要介绍了地热发电作为一种可持续能源的重要性、工作原理、应用实例、优缺点以及将来的进展前景。从文章的描述中，我们可以看到地热发电作为一种稳定且几乎无限的可再生能源，为电力和家庭供暖供应了丰富的能源供应。尽管目前地热电力在全球发电量的占比还较小，但估计将来这一比例将会有所增加。因此，文章的主要思想是地热发电有可能成为可持续能源的一个重要机遇。故选B项。D（2024·河北张家口·三模）Pickleball,whichcombineselementsofbadminton,Ping-Pang,andtennis,hastwocharacteristicsthatmakeitagoodchoiceforolderadults.It’sslowerthanotherracket(球拍)sports,andit’seasiertolearn.Withaplayareaaboutaquarterthesizeofatenniscourtandaplasticballthatdoesn’tbounceashighorasfastasatennisball,youdon’thavetorunasmuchorasquickly.Thebatsarelighterandshorterthantennisrackets,makingthemeasiertoswingandcontrol.Therearefewerrulesthantennis.Plus,pickleballismoresocialthanmanytypesofexerciseandit’sfun.Inonestudy,participantsratedpickleball150percenthigherforenjoymentthanwalking.“Peoplearefindingit’snotboring,”saysCedricBryant,PhD,chiefscienceofficerattheAmericanCouncilonExercise,whohasplayedpickleballformorethan20years.“It’snotsomethingthey’redoingjustbecausetheyshould,butbecausetheyenjoyitandwanttodoit.”Pickleballisaneffectiveworkout,andlikewalking,youcanadjusttheintensitytoyourpreferences.Afriendlydoublesmatchcanqualifyasproperexercise.Acompetitivesinglesmatchislikelytobetighter.Andpickleballoffersplentyofhealthpluses.Aftersixweeksofplayinganhourofpickleballthreetimesaweek,olderadultsimprovedtheircardiorespiratory(心肺的)fitnessandbloodpressure,accordingtoastudypublishedin2018intheInternationalJournalofResearchinExercisePhysiology.Anotherstudyfoundthattheactivitymaykeepyoumentallysharp.“You’remakingalotofquickdecisionswhileengagedinaphysicaltask,”saysstudyauthorDavidBolton,PhD,assistantprofessoratUtahStateUniversityinLogan.“Itiseffectivelytrainingcognitive(认知的)ability.”Butitisnotwithoutrisksofgettinginjured.Don’tjusthitthecourtandgorightintohavingagame.Awarm-upisthebestdefenseagainstinjury,sotakeatleast5minutestoprepareyourbody.12．Whatisoneofthereasonsforthepopularityofpickleballamongolderadults?A．Itsslowpace. B．Itsgreatintensity.C．Itscomplexrules. D．Itscheapequipment.13．WhatdoesCedricBryantmainlywanttotellusaboutpickleball?A．Itisdemanding. B．Itisenjoyable.C．Itisbeneficial. D．Itispractical.14．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph5referto?A．Makingquickdecisions.B．Trainingcognitiveability.C．Brainactivityduringphysicalexercise.D．Theproperfrequencytoplaypickleball.15．Whatmighttheauthortalkaboutnext?A．Pre-workoutpreparations. B．Therulesofthisexercise.C．Commentsonthisgame. D．Disadvantagesofpickleball.【答案】12．A13．B14．C15．A【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种名为匹克球的运动，它结合了羽毛球、乒乓球和网球的元素，对于老年人来说是一个很好的选择，由于它的节奏较慢，更简洁学习，而且可以依据个人的喜好调整运动的强度。12．细节理解题。依据文章第一段“It’sslowerthanotherracket(球拍)sports,andit’seasiertolearn.(它比其他球拍运动要慢，而且更简洁学)”可知，匹克球的节奏较慢，故选A。13．细节理解题。依据文章第三段CedricBryant所说的话“Peoplearefindingit’snotboring(人们发觉这项运动并不无聊)”和“It’snotsomethingthey’redoingjustbecausetheyshould,butbecausetheyenjoyitandwanttodoit.(他们这么做不是由于他们应当这么做，而是由于他们宠爱并想要这么做)”可知，CedricBryant主要想告知我们Pickleball是一项好玩的运动，故选B。14．词句猜想题。依据文章第五段“You’remakingalotofquickdecisionswhileengagedinaphysicaltask(你在进行体育活动时需要做出很多快速的打算)”和“Itiseffectivelytrainingcognitive(认知的)ability.(这有效地训练了认知力量)”可推知，“It”指的是在体育活动中的大脑活动，故选C。15．推理推断题。依据文章最终一段“Butitisnotwithoutrisksofgettinginjured.Don’tjusthitthecourtandgorightintohavingagame.Awarm-upisthebestdefenseagainstinjury,sotakeatleast5minutestoprepareyourbody.(但这并不意味着没有受伤的风险。不要只是上场就开头竞赛。热身是防止受伤的最好防备，所以至少要花5分钟来预备你的身体。)”可推知，作者接下来可能会谈论运动前的预备工作，故选A。其次节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2024·重庆沙坪坝·模拟猜测）Alotofpeopleassumethemoreworktheyputinatthegym,andthelongerandhardertheypushthemselves,thebettertheirresultswillbe.16Butifyouwanttogetthebestgains,thekeyistofocusonthequalityoftheworkratherthanthequantity.Yourbodyiscapableofmakingonlytinyadaptationsandimprovementsatanyonetime.Onceyou'vegivenitenoughpushtomakethesechanges,anyadditionalworkyoudoafterthatpointwon'tbemakingyouanybetter.17Thisisbecauseyou'llneedlongertorecoverafterwards.Besides,youwon'tfeelfreshwhenyoustartyournextsession.Ideally,it'sjustenoughtodothesmallestamountofworkrequiredtopromotegrowthineveryworkout.18Thustheminimumamountofexercisebringsthemaximumphysicalgains.19Forexample,ifanewgym-goerwantstogetstronger,hemightstartasquat(深蹲)workout,whichismadeupoftensteps,eachhavingfiverepetitions.Intheory,it'sasensiblewayforbuildingstrength.Ifhe'sonlyattemptedthreestepsinhispreviousexercise,it'sfarfromenough.Thefourthstepwouldpushhimpasthispreviouslimitandforceadaptation.Butthesubsequentstepsaremeantformoreprofessionalpeople.20Asageneralrule,regardlessofyourexperience,aimtoonlyincreasethevolumeofanyexercisebyonestepfromworkouttoworkout.A．Itseemslogical.B．Instead,it'llharmyourprogress.C．It'snaturalthatyoumaywanttokeepfit.D．Afterthat,youcanstopexercisingduringtheday.E．Onlyinthiswaycanyouenjoythebenefitofexercise.F．Theywouldjustincreasethechanceofinjuryforbeginners.G．Howmuchexerciseyouneedtododependsonyourcurrentfitnesslevel.【答案】16．A17．B18．D19．G20．F【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了我们在熬炼的时候不能贪多，需要量力而行，逐步前进。16．依据上文“Alotofpeopleassumethemoreworktheyputinatthegym,andthelongerandhardertheypushthemselves,thebettertheirresultswillbe.(很多人认为他们在健身房投入的工作量越多，时间越长、努力越强，他们的成果就会越好)”以及下文“Butifyouwanttogetthebestgains,thekeyistofocusonthequalityoftheworkratherthanthequantity.(但假如你想获得最好的收获，关键是要关注工作的质量，而不是数量)”可知，人们普遍认为熬炼的时间越长、越刻苦，收益就越大；但是实际上，熬炼时应当更关注熬炼的质量而非熬炼的时长。空处应承上启下，将上下文连接起来。A项“Itseemslogical.(这好像合乎规律)”中的It指代上文themoreworktheyputinatthegym,andthelongerandhardertheypushthemselves,thebettertheirresultswillbe这件事。故选A项。17．依据上文“Onceyou'vegivenitenoughpushtomakethesechanges,anyadditionalworkyoudoafterthatpointwon'tbemakingyouanybetter.(一旦你给了它足够的动力来做出这些转变，在那之后你所做的任何额外工作都不会让你变得更好)”以及下文“Thisisbecauseyou'llneedlongertorecoverafterwards.(这是由于你需要更长的时间来恢复)”可知，空格处应与上下文语义全都，介绍过度熬炼的坏处。B项“Instead,it'llharmyourprogress.(相反，这会损害你的进步)”承上启下，符合语境，故选B项。18．依据上文“Ideally,it'sjustenoughtodothesmallestamountofworkrequiredtopromotegrowthineveryworkout.(抱负状况下，在每次熬炼中只需做促进成长所需的最小工作量就足够了)”可知，空格处应承接上文，进一步说明健身时，在完成最低训练量后应当停止训练，这样才能得到最大的收益。D项“Afterthat,youcanstopexercisingduringtheday.(之后，你可以停止白天的运动)”承上启下，符合语境，故选D项。19．依据下文的例子“Forexample,ifanewgym-goerwantstogetstronger,hemightstartasquat(深蹲)workout,whichismadeupoftensteps,eachhavingfiverepetitions.(例如，假如一个新来健身房的人想变得更强壮，他可能会开头深蹲熬炼，由十个步骤组成，每个步骤重复五次)”可知，本段主要说明白每次熬炼的运动量如何确定。G项“Howmuchexerciseyouneedtododependsonyourcurrentfitnesslevel.(你需要做多少运动取决于你目前的体能水平)”与本段内容相呼应，符合语境，故选G项。20．依据上文“Butthesubsequentstepsaremeantformoreprofessionalpeople.(但接下来的步骤是为更专业的人预备的)”可知，后面的训练步骤是更专业的人需要做的，空处应承接上文，解释后续较难的步骤对初学者来说会有危急。F项“Theywouldjustincreasethechanceofinjuryforbeginners.(它们只会增加初学者受伤的机会)”符合语境，故选F项。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（2024·重庆·一模）Iwasneverafanoffootball,oranysportsforthatmatter.Atprimaryschool,myclassmatesspentlunchbreak21ontheplayground,whileIwasinthelibrarygettingpleasurefrom22.InGameslessons,tofitin,I23tobeinterested.AsIgotolder,I24tryingtofake(假装)it.Instead,Ishowedoffmydislikeforfootballasasignof25“It’sonlyasillygame!”I’dtellDad,ashe26metowatchamatch.But,sometimesI’dfindmyself27anopenerlike,“Cor,aterribleseasonwe’rehaving,eh?”,or28,“Whodoyousupport?”,andfeelmyheartsink,knowingmyreplywouldsurely29.AndthenIbecameadad,andIdidn’twantmyboyHarveyto30thisdesirablesocialskill.SoIboughthim31towatchourlocalteam,BorehamWood.And,becausehekeptaskingmewhatwasgoingon,Istayedrelatively32onthegame.Almostwithoutnoticing,my33ofsupportwhen“TheWood”scoredagoalwereactuallyreal,asweremysighswhen“we”missedapenaltykick(罚球).Harveywas34,andwe’vesincereturnedtoMeadowParkfivetimes,eachtimefeelinga35connectionwiththeteam’ssupportercommunity.21．A．walking B．running C．talking D．working22．A．exercise B．travel C．books D．movies23．A．pretended B．learned C．proved D．happened24．A．avoided B．continued C．began D．stopped25．A．respect B．satisfaction C．pride D．weakness26．A．urged B．persuaded C．addressed D．allowed27．A．using B．facing C．completing D．starting28．A．eventually B．gradually C．obviously D．simply29．A．come B．change C．delight D．disappoint30．A．lack B．show C．adopt D．develop31．A．drinks B．tickets C．shoes D．clothes32．A．cheated B．impressed C．focused D．motivated33．A．sighs B．cheers C．views D．chances34．A．employed B．stimulated C．encouraged D．attracted35．A．stronger B．weaker C．clearer D．quicker【答案】21．B22．C23．A24．D25．C26．A27．B28．D29．D30．A31．B32．C33．B34．D35．A【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者由不宠爱足球到爱上足球的转变过程。21．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在学校，我的同学午休时间在操场上跑的时候，而我在图书馆从书中获得乐趣。A.walking走路；B.running跑；C.talking说话；D.working工作。依据前文的“Iwasneverafanoffootball,oranysportsforthatmatter.Atprimaryschool,myclassmatesspentlunchbreak”可知，“我”从来不宠爱足球，所以上学校的时候，同学午休时间在操场上跑着踢球或做其它运动的时候，而“我”在图书馆看书。故选B项。22．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在学校，我的同学利用午休时间在操场上跑步，而我在图书馆从书中获得乐趣。A.exercise练习；B.travel旅行；C.books书籍；D.movies电影。依据前文的“Iwasinthelibrarygettingpleasurefrom”可知，在图书馆读书，所以从书中获得乐趣。故选C项。23．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在体育课上，为了融入，我假装很感爱好。A.pretended假装；B.learned学习；C.proved证明；D.happened发生。依据前文的“Iwasneverafanoffootball,oranysportsforthatmatter.”和“tofitin”可知，“我”从来不宠爱足球，也不宠爱任何体育运动，但是为了融入，“我”假装很感爱好。故选A项。24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我停止试图假装这件事。A.avoided避开；B.continued连续；C.began开头；D.stopped停止。依据后文的“Instead,Ishowedoffmydislikeforfootball”可知，“我”呈现了“我”对足球的厌恶，可见“我”停止试图假装宠爱足球。故选D项。25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，我炫耀我对足球的厌恶，以此作为傲慢的标志。A.respect敬重；B.satisfaction满足；C.pride傲慢；D.weakness弱点。依据后文的““It’sonlyasillygame!”I’dtellDad,ashe6metowatchamatch.”可知，当爸爸督促“我”去看竞赛时，“我”告知他“这只是一个愚蠢的玩耍！”，可以看出“我”把对足球的厌恶，当作傲慢的标志。故选C项。26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当爸爸督促我去看竞赛时，我告知他。A.urged督促；B.persuaded说服；C.addressed演讲；D.allowed允许。依据前文的““It’sonlyasillygame!”I’dtellDad”和后文“metowatchamatch.”可知，当爸爸督促“我”去看竞赛时，“我”告知他这只是一个愚蠢的玩耍，拒绝去看竞赛。故选A项。27．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，有时候我会面对这样的开场:“唉，我们正经受着一个糟糕的赛季，是吧？”，或者简洁地说，“你支持谁？”，我知道我的回答确定会让人绝望，于是我的心沉了下去。A.using使用；B.facing面对；C.completing完成；D.starting启动。依据后文的“anopenerlike,“Cor,aterribleseasonwe’rehaving,eh?””可知，这是别人和我谈天的时候关于足球的开场白，这种状况是“我”所面对的。故选B项。28．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，有时候我会面对这样的开场:“唉，我们正经受着一个糟糕的赛季，是吧？”，或者简洁地说，“你支持谁？”，我知道我的回答确定会让人绝望，于是我的心沉了下去。A.eventually最终；B.gradually渐渐；C.obviously明显地；D.simply简洁地。依据前文的“anopenerlike,“Cor,aterribleseasonwe’rehaving,eh?””和后文的““Whodoyousupport?””可知，这是别人和我谈天的时候关于足球的开场白，后文的开场白句子很简洁，所以用simply。故选D项。29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，有时候我会面对这样的开场:“唉，我们正经受着一个糟糕的赛季，是吧？”，或者简洁地说，“你支持谁？”，我知道我的回答确定会让人绝望，于是我的心沉了下去。A.come来；B.change转变；C.delight使兴奋；D.disappoint使绝望。依据前文的“feelmyheartsink”可知，我的心沉了下去，说明我的回答会让人绝望。故选D项。30．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来我当了爸爸，我不想让我的儿子哈维缺乏这种令人憧憬的社交技能。A.lack缺少；B.show显示；C.adopt接受；D.develop进展。依据前文的“feelmyheartsink,knowingmyreplywouldsurely9”和后文“SoIboughthim11towatchourlocalteam,BorehamWood.”可知，“我”给他买了“我们”当地球队伯勒姆伍德队的球票，是由于“我”不想让我的儿子哈维缺乏这种令人憧憬的社交技能。故选A项。31．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以我给他买了看我们当地球队伯勒姆伍德队的门票。A.drinks饮料；B.tickets门票；C.shoes鞋；D.clothes衣服。依据后文的“towatchourlocalteam,BorehamWood”可知，买的是看球赛的门票。故选B项。32．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于他始终在问我发生了什么事，所以我始终专注于竞赛。A.cheated哄骗；B.impressed给……留下深刻印象；C.focused专注于；D.motivated激励。依据前文的“becausehekeptaskingmewhatwasgoingon”和后文“Almostwithoutnoticing,my13ofsupportwhen“TheWood”scoredagoalwereactuallyreal,asweremysighswhen“we”missedapenaltykick(罚球).”可知，由于儿子始终在问“我”发生了什么事，所以“我”始终专注于竞赛，甚至都没留意到自己真的开头宠爱球赛。故选C项。33．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几乎没有留意到，当“TheWood”进球时，我的欢呼声是真实的，当“我们”罚丢点球时，我的叹息也是真实的。A.sighs叹气；B.cheers欢呼；C.views看法；D.chances机会。依据前文的“towatchourlocalteam,BorehamWood”和后文的“when“TheWood”scoredagoal”可知，“我”买票看BorehamWood的竞赛，所以当“TheWood”进球时，我的欢呼。故选B项。34．考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈维被吸引了，我们已经五次回到MeadowPark，每一次都感觉与球队支持者群体的联系更紧密了。A.employed雇用；B.stimulated刺激；C.encouraged鼓舞；D.attracted吸引。依据前文的“Harveywas”和后文“we’vesincereturnedtoMeadowParkfivetimes,eachtimefeelinga15connectionwiththeteam’ssupportercommunity.”可知，“我们”已经五次回到MeadowPark，每一次都感觉与球队支持者群体的联系更紧密了，可以看出儿子被球赛吸引。故选D项。35．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：哈维被吸引了，我们已经五次回到MeadowPark，每一次都感觉与球队支持者群体的联系更紧密了。A.stronger更强；B.weaker较弱的；C.clearer更清楚的；D.quicker更快的。依据前文的“Almostwithoutnoticing,my13ofsupportwhen“TheWood”scoredagoalwereactuallyreal,asweremysighswhen“we”missedapenaltykick(罚球).”、“we’vesincereturnedtoMeadowParkfivetimes”和后文“we’vesincereturnedtoMeadowParkfivetimes”可知，“我”和儿子宠爱上了足球，感觉与球队支持者群体的联系更紧密了。故选A项。其次节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)（2024·山东·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Shuttlecock(毽子)kickingisatraditionalpopularfolkgame,36(date)asfarbackastheHanDynasty.ThefungamegainedpopularityduringtheTangDynasty,when37(store)specializingintheshuttlecockbusinessappeared.IntheQingDynasty,shuttlecockkickingreacheditspeakintermsofbothmakingtechniquesandkickingskills.Tomakeafeathershuttlecock,apieceofclothwrappedaroundacoin38(need).Throughthecoinholeyoucansticksomefeathers,39functionistodelaytherisingandfallingoftheshuttlecock.There40(be)agreatnumberofvariationsinstylesandmethodsofkicking.Withonelegfixedontheground,