高三英语阅读理解二

话题一:社会文化类

（一）

（2011.课标全国）

Whenmilkarrivedonthedoorstep

WhenIwasaboygrowingupinNewJerseyinthe1960s,wehadamilkman

deliveringmilktoourdoorstep.HisnamewasMr.Basille.Heworeawhitecapand

droveawhitetruck.Asa5-year-oldboy,Icouldn'ttakemyeyesoffthecoinchanger

fixedtohisbelt.Henoticedthisonedayduringadeliveryandgavemeaquarterout

ofhiscoinchanger.

Ofcourse,hedeliveredmorethanmilk.Therewascheese,eggsandsoon.Ifwe

neededtochangeourorder,mymotherwouldpenanote—“Pleaseaddabottleof

buttermilknextdelivery^^—andplaceitintheboxalongwiththeemptybottles.And

then,thebuttermilkwouldmagicallyappear.

Allofthiswasaboutmorethanconvenience.Thereexistedacloserelationship

betweenfamiliesandtheirmilkmen.Mr.Basilleevenhadakeytoourhouse,for

thosetimeswhenitwassocoldoutsidethatweputtheboxindoors,sothatthemilk

wouldn'tfreeze.AndIrememberMr.Basillefromtimetotimetakingabreakatour

kitchentable,havingacupofteaandtellingstoriesabouthisdelivery.

Thereissadlynohomemilkdeliverytoday.Bigcompaniesallowedthe

productionofcheapermilk,thusmakingitdifficultformilkmentocompete.Besides,

milkisforsaleeverywhere,anditmayjustnothavebeenpracticaltohaveadelivery

service.

Recently,anoldmilkboxinthecountrysideIsawbroughtbackmychildhood

memories.Itookithomeandplanteditonthebackporch（I】廊）.Everysooftenmy

son'sfriendswillaskwhatitis.SoIstarttellingstoriesofmyboyhood,andofthe

milkmanwhobroughtusfriendshipalongwithhismilk.

1.Mr.Basillegavetheboyaquarteroutofhiscoinchanger

A.toshowhismagicalpower

B,topayforthedelivery

C.tosatisfyhiscuriosity

D.topleasehismother

2.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefactthatthemilkmanhadthekeytotheboy's

house?

A.Hewantedtohaveteathere.

B.Hewastreatedasafamilymember.

C.Hewasarespectableperson.

D.Hewasfullytrustedbythefamily.

3.Whydoeshomemilkdeliverynolongerexist?

A.Nobodywantstobeamilkmannow.

B・Ithasbeendrivenoutofthemarket.

C.Itsserviceisgettingpoor.

D.Itisforbiddenbylaw.

4.Whydidtheauthorbringbackhomeanoldmilkbox?

A.Hemissedthegoodolddays.

B.Hewantedtotellinterestingstories.

C.Heneededitforhismilkbottles.

D.Heplantedflowersinit.

答案与解析

l.c推理判断题。根据第一段最后可以看出，当时作者只是一个5岁的孩

子，对送奶人腰带上的投币器很好奇，善良的送奶人把­枚硬币送给作者，是为

了满足其好奇心，所以应选C项。

2.D推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，家里人与送奶人之间关系很密

切，送奶人甚至有家里的钥匙，由此推断送奶人得到了充分的信任，故选D项。

3.B细节理解题。根据第四段可知，激烈的竞争和购买的便利使得送奶上

门退出了市场，无法存在下去，故选B项。

4.A推理判断题。由最后一段可以看出，作者有一种怀旧的心理，想念儿

时的时光，感觉送奶人送来牛奶的同时，也带来了友谊，故选A项。

(-)

(2011.课标全国)

Whilesmallmaybebeautiful,tallisjustplainuncomfortableitseems,

particularlywhenitcomestostayinginhotelsandeatinginrestaurants.

TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonths

agotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsand

restaurants.Bedsthataretoosmall,showerheadsthataretoolow,andrestaurant

tableswithhardlyanyleg-roomallmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverage

height,itsays.

Butitisnotjusttheextra-tallwhoseneedsarenotbeingmet.Theaverageheight

ofthepopulationhasbeenincreasingyetthestandardsizeofbeds,doorways,and

chairshasremainedunchanged.

“Thebeddingindustrysaysabedshouldbesixincheslargerthantheperson

usingit,soevenaking-sizebedat6'6"(6feetand6inches)isfallingshortfor

25%ofmen,whilethestandard6'3"bedcatersforlessthanhalfofthemale

population,“saidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy,aSeven-footbedswouldwork

fine.”

Similarly,restauranttablescancausenoendofproblems.Smalltables,which

meanthelong-leggedhavetositafootorsoawayfromthem,areenoughtomaketall

customersgoelsewhere.

Somehavealreadytakennote,however.AtQueensMoatHouses1Caledonian

HotelinEdinburgh,6'6"bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlonger

bedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.

1.WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaign?

A.Toprovidebetterservices.

B・Torebuildhotelsandrestaurants.

C.Todrawpublicattentiontotheneedsofthetall.

D.Toattractmorepeopletobecomeitsmembers.

2.WhichofthefollowingmightbeabedofproperlengthaccordingtoPhil

Heinricy?

A.7’2"

B.7,

C.6’6"

D.6'3"

3.Whatmayhappentorestaurantswithsmalltables?

A.Theymaylosesomecustomers.

B.Theymaystartbusinesseselsewhere.

C.Theyhavetofindeasychairstomatchthetables.

D.Theyhavetoprovideenoughspaceforthelong-legged.

4.WhatchangehasalreadybeenmadeinahotelinEdinburgh?

A.Tallpeoplepaymoreforlargerbeds.

B.6'6"bedshavetakentheplaceof6"3"beds.

C.SpecialroomsarekeptforAmericans.

D.Guestroomsarestandardized.

答案与解析

l.C细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话可知，这次活动的目的是引起公众

对高个子的人的需要的关注。

2.B细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“Seven-footbedswouldwork

fine.”可知，床铺的合适长度是7英尺。

3.A推理判断题。根据第五段可知，餐桌太小会使高个子的人们到别的地

方去（吃饭），也就是说，餐桌太小的饭店会失去一些客人。

4.B细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，爱丁堡的一家宾馆已经使用6英尺

6英寸的床铺作为标准床铺，故选B项。

（三）

（2011•课标全国）

CassandraFeeleyfindsithardtomanageonherhusband'sincome.Sothisyear

shedidsomethingmorethanahobby:Sheplantedvegetablesinheryard.Forherfirst

garden,Ms.Feeleyhasputin15tomatoplants,andfiverowsofavarietyof

vegetables.Thefamily'soldfarmhousehasbecomeachickenhouse,itsresidents

arrivingnextmonth.Lastyear,Ms.RitaGartinkeptasmallgarden.Thisyearshehas

madeitmuchlargerbecause,shesaid,“ThecostofeverythingisgoingupandIwas

lookingtoloseafewpounds,too;soit'sawin-winsituationallaround.n

TheyareamongthegrowingnumberofAmericanswho,drivenbyhigherliving

costsandafallingeconomy（经济），havetakenupvegetablegardeningforthefirst

time.Othershaveincreasedthesizeoftheirexistinggardens.Seedcompaniesand

gardenshopssaythatnotsincethe1970shastherebeensuchanincreaseininterestin

growingfoodathome.Nowmanygardensacrossthecountryhavebeensoldoutfor

severalmonths.InAustin,Tex.,someofthegardenshaveathree-yearwaitinglist.

GeorgeC.BallJr.,ownerofacompany,saidsalesofvegetableseedsandplants

areupby40%overlastyear,doubletheaveragegrowthofthelastfiveyears.Mr.

Ballarguesthatsomeofthereasonshavebeenbuildingforthelastfewyears.Thebig

oneisthestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk,togetherwiththe

increasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetables.Foodpriceshaveincreasedbecauseof

higheroilprices.Peoplearenowdrivingless,takingfewervacations,sothereismore

timetogarden.

1.Whatdoestheword“residents“inParagraph1probablyreferto?

A.chickens

B・tomatoes

C•gardens

D.people

2.Whyisvegetablegardeningbecomingincreasinglypopular?

A.MoreAmericansaredoingitforfun.

B.Thepriceofoilislowerthanbefore.

C.Therersagrowingneedforfruits.

D.Thecostoflivingisontherise.

3.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.FamilyFoodPlanning

B.BankingonGardening

C・ABelt-tighteningMove

D.GardeningasaHobby

答案与解析

l.A词义猜测题。根据前半句可知，这家的农舍变成了鸡舍，所以下个月

要住进来的应该是“鸡”。

2.D推理判断题。根据第・段最后一句中的“Thecostofeverythingisgoing

up”和第二段第一句中的“higherlivingcostsandafallingeconomy”以及最后一段

第三句中的“thestrikingriseinthecostoffoodlikebreadandmilk,togetherwith

theincreasesinthepriceoffruitsandvegetablesn可以看出，种植蔬菜流行的原因

是生活费用的提高。

3.B主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，很多人种植蔬菜不仅是出于爱好，更重

要的是为了节省生活费用，所以应选B项，bank作为动词是“存款”的意思。

（四）

（2011•全国卷H）

Since1984,Philadelphiahasbeencleaningupitsact.Onebyone,

graffiti-coveredwallsarebeingchangedintooutdoorart.Sofar,morethan1,800

murals（壁画）havebeenpainted.Philadelphianowhasmoremuralsthananyother

Americancity.

Thewallsthatwereonceuglywithgraffiti（涂鸦）arenowcoveredwith

beautifulpicturesofhistoricalheroesandmodernart,thankstotheMuralArts

Program（MAP）.Itsworkmakesschoolsandpublicplacesattractive,anditscitizens

veryproud.TheprogrambeganaspartofPhiladelphia'sAnti-GraffitiNetwork.Jane

GoldenistheMAP*sartisticdirector."Whenpeopleaskmewhatourprogramis

about,“shesays,“Ianswerthemwithoneword:hope”.Eachyear,theMAPoffers

youthartprogramsandworkshops.Someone-timegraffitiwritersevenhelppaint

MAPmurals.

TheMAP'swork,saysGolden,isallaboutdevelopingasenseofcommunity（社

区）.Whenaneighborhoodrequestsamural,theMAPworkswiththepeoplethereto

developamessage.Somemessageshavebeen“SafeStreets","LoveandCare”,

and“PeaceWalk".

TheMAPreceivesupto50requestsformuralseachweek.Lastyear,the

workerspainted140murals.

“Themakingofamuralenterspeople'scollectivememoryasanextraordinary,

pleasantmomentinneighborhoodhistory."saysGolden,whobeganasamuralistin

LosAngeles.

1.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Love,fromGraffitiWriterstoMuralists

B.MAP,aNewCompanyinPhiladelphia

C.Jane,anExcellentMuralArtist

D.Hope,OneWallataTime

2.WhatistheMuralArtsPrograminPhiladelphiaaimedat?

A.Helpingtheyoungfindjobs.

B.Protectingtheneighborhood.

C.Fightingagainstgraffiti.

D.Attractingmorevisitors.

3.HowdoestheMAPdecideonthemessageforamural?

A.Byhavingdiscussionswithpeopleinthecommunity.

B.Byseekingadvicefromthecitygovernment.

C.Bylearningfromtheyounggraffitiwriters.

D.Bystudyingthehistoryofthecity.

4.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribestheworkoftheMAP?

A.Difficult.

B.Dangerous.

C.Experimental.

D.Successful.

答案与解析

l.D主旨大意题。根据第二段JaneGolden的话可知，当人们问及该项目是

关于什么的时候，她用一个词来概括，即Hope,故D项为最佳标题。

2.C推理判断题。根据第一、二段，昔日曾经被涂鸦的墙壁正被美丽的壁

画所覆盖，以使社区更具魅力，因此对抗涂鸦应是该项目的目的。

3.A细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，当社区的居民请求画一张壁画

时，该项目的工作人员就和当地的人们一起工作来拟定出一个主题，故选A项。

4.D推理判断题。根据第一段及倒数第二段可知，该项目很成功，故选D

项。

话题二:科普小品类

（一）

（2011・全国卷H）

Forthosewhostudythedevelopmentofintelligence（智力）intheanimalworld,

self-awarenessisanimportantmeasurement.Ananimalthatisaware（意识）ofitselfhasahigh

levelofintelligence.

Awarenesscanbetestedbystudyingwhethertheanimalrecognizesitselfinthemirror,that

is,itsownreflectedimage（反射出的影像）.Manyanimalsfailthisexercisebitterly,payingvery

littleattentiontothereflectedimage.Onlyhumans,andsomeintelligentanimalslikeapesand

dolphins,havebeenshowntorecognizethattheimageinthemirrorisofthemselves.

Nowanotheranimalhasjoinedtheclub.IntheProceedingsoftheNationalAcademyof

Sciences,researchersreportthatanAsianelephanthaspassedthemirrorself-reflectiontest.

“Wethoughtthatelephantswerethenextimportantanimal.,,saidDianaReissofthe

WildlifeConservationSociety,anauthorofthestudywithJoshuaM.PlotnikandFansB.M.de

WaalofEmoryUniversity.Withtheirlargebrains,Reisssaid,elephants"seemedlikecousinsto

apesanddolphins”.

TheresearcherstestedHappy,MaxineandPatty,threeelephantsattheBronxZoo.Theyput

an8-foot-squaremirroronawalloftheanimals1playarea（outofthesightofzoovisitors）and

recordedwhathappenedwithcameras,includingonebuiltinthemirror.

Theelephantsusedtheirlongnosestofindwhatwasbehindit,andtoexaminepartsoftheir

bodies.

Ofthethree,Happythenpassedthetest,inwhichaclearmarkwaspaintedononesideofher

face.Shecouldtellthemarkwastherebylookinginthemirror,andsheusedthemirrortotouch

themarkwithherlongnose.

DianaReisssaid,“Weknewelephantswereintelligent,butnowwecantalkabouttheir

intelligenceinabetterway.”

1.Whatcanmirrorteststellusaboutanimals?

A.Whethertheyhavelargebrains.

B,Whethertheyhaveself-awareness.

C.Whethertheyenjoyoutdoorexercises.

D.Whethertheyenjoyplayingwithmirrors.

2.Whydoestheauthormentionapesanddolphinsinthetext?

A.Theyaremostfamiliartoreaders.

B.Theyarebigfavoriteswithzoovisitors.

C.TheyareincludedinthestudybyReiss.

D.Theyarealreadyknowntobeintelligent.

3.WhatmadeHappydifferentfromMaxineandPatty?

A.Sheusedhernosetosearchbehindthemirror.

B.Sherecognizedherownimageinthemirror.

C.Shepaintedamarkonherownface.

D.Shefoundthehiddencamera.

答案与解析

l.B细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，通过研究动物是否在镜子中识别自己可以

测试它们的自我意识。

2.D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，作者提到猿和海豚是因为它们和人一样

可以识别镜中自己的形象，是人们已知的有智力的动物；再根据第三段，一个亚洲象也通过

了该测试，也加入到有智力的行列里，故选D项。

3.B细节理解题。根据倒数第二段，三个大象中只有Happy通过了镜子测试，也就是

说只有她能识别镜中自己的形象，因此这是她有别于其他大象的地方，故选B项。

（-）

（2011•江苏高考）

AccordingtotheUSgovernment,windfarmsoffthePacificcoastcouldproduce900

gigawattsofelectricityeveryyear.Unfortunately,thewaterthereisfartoodeepforeventhe

tallestwindmills（seepicture）totouchbottom.AnexperimentunderwayoffthecoastofNorway,

however,couldhelpputthemanywhere.

TechtoWatch:DeepwaterWindmills

Theproject,calledHywind,istheworld'sfirstlarge-scaledeepwaterwindturbine（涡轮发电

机）.Althoughitusesafairlystandard152-ton,2.3-megawattturbine,Hywindrepresents

totallynewtechnology.Theturbinewillbefixed213feetabovethewateronafloatingspar

（seepicture）,atechnologyHywind'screator,theNorwegiancompanyStatoilHydro,has

developedrecently.Thesteelspar,whichisfilledwithstonesandgoes328feetbelowthesea

surface,willbetiedtotheoceanfloorbythreecables（缆索）;thesewillkeepthesparstableand

preventtheturbinefrommovingupanddowninthewaves.Hywind'sstability（稳定性）inthe

coldandroughseawouldprovethateventhedeepestcornersoftheoceanaresuitableforwind

power.Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan,theturbinewillstartproducingelectricitysixmilesoffthe

coastofsouthwesternNorwayasearlyasSeptember.

Toproduceelectricityonalargescale,acommercialwindfarmwillhavetousebigger

turbinesthanHywinddoes,butit'sdifficultenoughtobalancesuchalargeturbinesohighon

afloatingsparinthemiddleoftheocean.Tomakethatturbineheavier,thewholespar'scentreof

gravitymustbemovedmuchclosertotheocean'ssurface.Todothat,thecompanyplanstodesign

anewkindofwindturbine,onewhosegearbox（变速箱）sitsatsealevelratherthanbehindthe

blades（seepicture）.

Hywindisatestrun,butthebenefitsforperfectingfloatingwind-farmtechnologycouldbe

extremelylarge.Outatsea,thewindisoftenstrongerandsteadierthanclosetoshore,whereall

existingoff-shorewindmillsareplanted.Deep-seafarmsareinvisiblefromland,whichhelps

overcomethewindmill-as-eyesoreobjection.Ifthetechnologycatcheson,itwillopenupvast

areasoftheplanet'ssurfacetooneofthebestlow-carbonpowersourcesavailable.

1.TheHywindprojectusestotallynewtechnologytoensurethestabilityof.

A.thecableswhichtiethespartotheoceanfloor

B.thesparwhichisfloatingindeep-seawater

C.thebladesdrivenbystrongandsteadyseawind

D.thestonesfilledinthesparbelowtheseasurface

2.Tobalanceabiggerturbinehighonafloatingspar,anewtypeofturbineistobedesigned

withitsgearboxsitting

A.ontheseafloor

B.onthespartop

C.atsealevel

D.behindtheblades

3.Wideapplicationsofdeepwaterwindpowertechnologycan

A.solvethetechnicalproblemsofdeepwaterwindmills

B.makefinancialprofitsbyproducingmoreturbines

C.settletheargumentsaboutenvironmentalproblems

D.explorelow-carbonpowerresourcesavailableatsea

答案与解析

l.B细节理解题。根据第二段倒数第2句可知，该工程采用了全新的技术，是为了确

保漂浮在深海水域中的圆材的保持稳定。

2.C细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，为了使较大的涡轮发电机能在圆材上保

持平衡，公司计划设计新的发电机，其变速箱在海平面上。

3.D细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，深海风能技术的广泛应用会在海洋上

开发出可使用的最好的低碳能源之一。

（三）

（2011.山东高考）

Sincethe1970s,scientistshavebeensearchingforwaystolinkthebrainwithcomputers.

Brain-computerinterface（BCI）technologycouldhelppeoplewithdisabilitiessendcommandsto

machines.

Recently,tworesearchers,JoseMillanandMicheleTavellafromtheFederalPolytechnic

SchoolinLausanne,Switzerland,demonstrated（展示）asmallroboticwheelchairdirectedbya

person'sthoughts.

Inthelaboratory,Tavellaoperatedthewheelchairjustbythinkingaboutmovinghisleftor

righthand.Hecouldeventalkashewatchedthevehicleandguideditwithhisthoughts.

“Ourbrainhasbillionsofnervecells.Thesesendsignalsthroughthespinalcord（脊髓）to

themusclestogiveustheabilitytomove.Butspinalcordinjuriesorotherconditionscanprevent

theseweakelectricalsignalsfromreachingthemuscles."Tavellasays."Oursystemallows

disabledpeopletocommunicatewithexternalworldandalsotocontroldevices.”

Theresearchersdesignedaspecialcapfortheuser.Thisheadcoverpicksupthesignalsfrom

thescalp（头皮）andsendsthemtoacomputer.Thecomputerinterpretsthesignalsandcommands

themotorizedwheelchair.Thewheelchairalsohastwocamerasthatidentifyobjectsinitspath.

Theyhelpthecomputerreacttocommandsfromthebrain.

Prof.Millan,theteamleader,saysscientistskeepimprovingthecomputersoftwarethatinterprets

brainsignalsandturnsthemintosimplecommands."ThepracticalpossibilitiesthatBC

technologyofferstodisabledpeoplecanbegroupedintwocategories:communication,and

controllingdevices.Oneexampleisthiswheelchair.”

Hesayshisteamhassettwogoals.Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprovethatthisis

atechnologytheycanbenefitfrom.Andtheotheristoguaranteethattheycanusethetechnology

overlongperiodsoftime.

1.BCIisatechnologythatcan.

A.helptoupdatecomputersystems

B.linkthehumanbrainwithcomputers

C.helpthedisabledtorecover

D.controlaperson'sthoughts

2.HowdidTavellaoperatethewheelchairinthelaboratory?

A.Bycontrollinghismuscles.

B.Bytalkingtothemachine.

C.Bymovinghishand.

D.Byusinghismind.

3.WhichofthefollowingshowsthepathofthesignalsdescribedinParagraph5?

A.scalp-*computer-*cap-*wheelchair

B.computer->cap->scalp-*wheelchair

C.scalp-*cap-*computer-*wheelchair

D.cap—computeLscalpfwheelchair

4.Theteamwilltestwithrealpatientsto.

A.makeprofitsfromthem

B.provethetechnologyusefultothem

C.makethemlivelonger

D.learnabouttheirphysicalcondition

5.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.Switzerland,theBCIResearchCenter

B.NewFindingsAboutHowtheHumanBrainWorks

C.BCICouldMeanMoreFreedomfortheDisabled

D.RoboticVehiclesCouldHelptoCureBrainInjuries

答案与解析

l.B细节理解题。根据第一段可知，自20世纪70年代以来，科学家一直寻找途径能

将人脑与电脑相连。BCI技术能帮助残疾人向机器发送指令。故此处B项正确。而C项只

是部分正确，虽然能帮助残疾人，但却不能帮他们康复。

2.D细节理解题。根据第三段可知Tavella只是思考动他的左右手就能操作这个轮椅。

甚至当他观察这台机器时就能进行交流，也能用他的思想指导机器人工作。因此机器人是在

人脑的思想支配下进行工作的。故D项正确。

3.C细节理解题。根据第五段可知，首先研究人员为用户设计一种特殊的帽子，它会

捕捉头皮发出的信号并将其传给电脑。电脑将这些信号进行分析翻译，给监控下的机器人轮

椅发出指令。机器人轮椅装有两部摄像头能识别信号路径中的物体，从而帮助电脑对人脑的

指令作出反应。故此处C项正确。

4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句"Oneistestingwithrealpatients,soastoprove

thatthisisatechnologytheycanbenefitfrom”可知，在患者身上进行实验是他们团队工作的■

个目标，旨在证明这项技术对他们有益。故正确答案选B项。

5.C主旨大意题。本文为科技说明文，开篇点题。介绍科学家研究的这项新技术BCI,

对残疾人大有裨益。故正确答案为C项。

（四）

（2011・安徽高考）

Thinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusethewind.Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosaila

boat.Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersources（来源），aswellasoneofthe

oldest.Evidenceshowsthatwindmills（风车）begantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventh

centuryBC.TheywerefirstintroducedtoEuropeduringthe1100s,whenarmiesreturnedfromthe

MiddleEastwithknowledgeofusingwindpower.

Formanycenturies,peopleusedwindmillstogrind（磨碎）wheatintoflourorpumpwater

fromdeepunderground.Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s,peoplelivinginremote

areasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisallowedthemtohaveelectriclightsand

radio.However,bythe1940swhenelectricitywasavailabletopeopleinalmostallareasofthe

UnitedStates,windmillswererarelyused.

Duringthe1970s,peoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreated

whencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoal

andgaswouldnotlastforever.Then,windwasrediscovered,thoughitmeanshighercosts.Today,

thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.

1.Fromthetextweknowthatwindmills.

A.wereinventedbyEuropeanarmies

B.haveahistoryofmorethan2,800years

C.usedtosupplypowertoradioinremoteareas

D.haverarelybeenusedsinceelectricitywasdiscovered

2.Whatwasanewusetorwindpowerinthelate19thcentury?

A.Sailingaboat.

B.Producingelectricity.

C.Grindingwheatintoflour.

D.Pumpingwaterfromunderground.

3.Oneofthereasonswindwasrediscoveredinthe1970sisthat.

A.windpoweriscleaner

B.itisoneoftheoldestpowersources

C.itwascheapertocreateenergyfromwind

D.thesupplyofcoalandgasfailedtomeetneeds

4.Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?

A.Theadvantagesofwindpower.

B.Thedesignofwindpowerplants.

C.Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.

D.Theglobaltrendtowardsproducingpowerfromwind.

容案与解析

1.C细节理解题。根据第二段的“Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s,

peoplelivinginremoteareasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisallowedthemtohave

electriclightsandradio「可推出，C项符合题意。

2.B细节理解题。根据第二段的“Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s,

peoplelivinginremoteareasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.“可知，B项符合题目要求。

3.A细节理解题。根据第三段的“peoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollution

thatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity”可知，A项符合题意。

4.D推理判断题。第三段最后已提出现在全球已越来越多地使用风力发电，所以下

一段应该要进一步推广使用风力发电，这是一种总体的能源发展趋势。故D项正确。

话题三:短篇故事类

（一）

（2011.山东高考）

TimRichterandhiswife,Linda,hadtaughtforover30yearsnearBuffalo,New

York-heincomputers,sheinspecialeducation."Teachingmeanseverythingtous.”

Timwouldsay.InApril1998,helearnedhewouldneedaheartoperation.Itwasthe

kindofnewsthatleadstosomeseriousthinkingaboutlife'spurpose.

Notlongafterthesurgery,TimsawabrochuredescribingImaginationLibrary,a

programstartedbyDollyParton'sfoundation（基金会）thatmailedabookevery

monthtochildrenfrombirthtoagefiveinthesingefshometownofSevier,

Tennessee.t6Ithought,maybeLindaandIcoulddosomethinglikethiswhenwe

retire."Timrecalls.Heplacedthebrochureonhisdesk,<6asareminder”.

Fiveyearslater,nowretiredandwiththatbrochurestillonthedesk,Timclicked

on.Theprogramhadbeenopeneduptopartnerswhocould

takeadvantageofbookandpostagediscounts.

ThequalityofthebookswasofgreatconcerntotheRichters.Ratherthansign

uponline,theywenttoDollywoodforalook-see.”Wedidn'twanttogivethe

childrenrubbish."saysLinda.Thebooks—reviewedeachyearbyteachers,literacy

specialists,andDollywoodboardmembers—includedclassicssuchasEzraJack

Keats'sTheSnowyDayandnewerbookslikeAnnaDewdney'sLlamaLlamaseries.

Satisfied,thecouplesetuptheRichterFamilyFoundationandgottowork.Since

2004,theyhaveshippedmorethan12,200bookstopreschoolersinthei