湖北省武汉市江汉区高二上学期新起点摸底考试英语试题（原卷版）

江汉区2022级高二新起点摸底考试英语试卷本试卷共12页，全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。★祝考试顺利★注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答；用黑色签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5个小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatisthemanprobablydoingnow?A.Doingbusiness.B.Havinganinterview.C.Sharinghisworkingexperience.2.WhywasBensoninthehospitalyesterday?A.Hisbabygotill.B.Helookedafterhisdaughter.C.Hewenttogethismedicine.3.Whatdidthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Tomeetherfriendwithher.B.Todothewoman’swork.C.TomeetTonyforher.4.Whydidn’tJackgetthebook?A.Hewastoobusytogotothelibrary.B.Therewasn’tsuchabookinthelibrary.C.Hedidn’twanttoborrowthebook.5.Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?A.LeavetheshopB.Haveanotherdrink.C.Tastesomehotchocolate.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthewomanbuyasherhusband’sbirthdaypresent?A.Atie.B.Ahat.C.Ashirt.7.Whydidtheassistantrefusetohelpthewoman?A.Thewomanlostthereceipt.B.Theitemhadbeenworn.C.Thewomanwasrude.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatkindofrestaurantistheLotusGarden?A.Indian.B.French.C.Chinese.9.Whereisthemannowprobably?A.InBirmingham.B.InLeeds.C.InSunderland.10.HowwillJamesgettoDurham?A.Bycar.B.Bytrain.C.Bybus.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdidthemanfindtheapartment?A.FromtheInternet.B.Fromanewspaper.C.Fromafriend.12.Whatdoesthemanwantmost?A.Abiglivingroom.B.Abigkitchen.C.Abigbedroom.13.WhatwillthewomanprobablydothisFriday?A.Entertainsomefriends.B.Paythemanavisit.C.Rentanapartment.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WheredoesMarkusuallyreadnewsnow?A.Inanewspaper.B.Inamagazine.C.OntheInternet.15Whydidthemachinesurprisethewoman?A.Ithasasmallglasswindow.B.Itcanmakeapizzainashorttime.C.Itoffersfourtypesofpizzasatatime.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofthemachine?A.Itisquitenecessary.B.Itmightnotbepopular.C.Itwillcertainlysucceed.17.Whatisanadvantageofthemachine?A.The24hourservice.B.Tastypizzamadebyit.C.Thelowproductioncost.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatdidthespeakerdothatmorning?A.Headmiredthesunrise.B.Hecalleduphiswife.C.HewatchedTVnews.19.Wherewasthespeaker’sson?A.Inanothercountry.B.Intown.C.Inthegarden.20.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Hisfamilylife.B.Ahomefire.C.Anaturaldisaster.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAColorRunatSchoolWhatIsaColorRun?Theeventisusuallyafivekilometeruntimedrun.Participantsaredoused(浇涂上)fromheadtotoeinadifferentcoloredpowderateachkilometermark.ThisactivityinspiredbytheHindufestivalofHoliisperfectforpromotingmunityandhappiness.Acolorrunisafuneventperfectforschools.Itisawaytopromotehealthandactivityamongchildren.Schoolscanchoosewhethertheywanttohostacolorrunbythemselvesorhaveoneorganizedbyaneventorganizer.WhyShouldITakePartinaColorRun?Takingpartinacolorrunwillhelpyouimproveyouroverallphysicalhealth.It’sagreatwaytoburncaloriesandgetout.Youwillalsobeabletomeetnewpeople.HowtoSetUpaSchoolColorRun?TosetupaschoolColorRun,youwillfirstneedtodecidewhattimeyouwantittostart.Then,youwillneedtocontacttheprincipalatyourschool.Theywillthentellyouifthereisenoughspaceavailableatthenamedlocation.Youwillneedtoinformtheclassteachersandincludeinformationinthestudenthandbook.Next,youshouldcontacttheparents/guardiansofthestudentsattheschoolthroughamailedletteroremail.Witheverythinglistedabovepleted,youwillhaveyoureventorganizedandreadytogo!1.WhatdoweknowaboutaColorRun?A.Itseesrunnerscoveredfromheadtotoe. B.ItusedtobeapartofHoli.C.It’sdesignedforschoolsonly D.Itsetsnotimelimit.2.Whatbenefitmaykidsgetfromaschoolcolorrun?A.Betterphysicalhealth. B.Prizemoneyfromtherace.C.Friendshipwiththeprincipal. D.Tshirtswitharainbowpattern.3.What’sthepurposeofthetext?A.Toadvertise. B.Toinform. C.Toentertain. D.Tocriticize.BSmokingisevenatraditioninChinesecelebrations.Atmywedding,wehandedoutthetraditionalcandiestopeoplewhocame.Ihadsaidtomywife,Ellen,thathandingoutpacketsofcigaretteswaswrong,asitjustencouragedpeopletocontinueadeadlyhabit.“Butit’straditional,”shereplied,“Peoplewouldthinkweweremeanifwedon’t!”OvertheyearsI’vebeengivencigarettesasgiftsandhavealwayshandedthemstraightback.ThismightmakemelookungratefulinChineseeyes,butIcan’tunderstandthelogicbehindhandingsomeoneagiftthatwillcausethemtosmellterrible,haveawfulbreath,andevenworse,killthem.ThisyeartheuniversityIworkathastakentheboldstepofmakingtheentirecampus“smokefree”.Asmystudentsareeitherdoctorsdoingpostgraduatesstudies,ormedicalstudentsontheirwaytobeingdoctors,Ithoughttheywouldbeinfavorofsuchamove,butIwaswrong.Manyofthemhaveplainedtomethattheyseethisasdeprivingthemoftheircivilrightsandthattheyshouldbeallowedtosmokewhenandwheretheylike.WhenIpointedouttothemthatcigarettesdoharmnotonlytothosesmokingthemselves,buteventothosebreathinginsecondhandsmoke,theargumentwasdismissedwithawave.“Thosestudiesaren’tconclusive”,onedoctorreplied.“Besides,mygrandmothertoldmethatsmokingismanly.”Tempting(诱人的)asitwastoaskifshewasalsoadoctor,Ilettheargumentgoandwentoffinsearchofsomefreshair.4.Whichofthefollowingisaconsequenceofsmokingaccordingtotheauthor?A.Itwillleaveyoubreathless. B.Peoplebelieveyouaremean.C.Peoplethinkyouareungrateful. D.Itwillmakeyoursmellunpleasant.5.Whatattitudedomanyoftheauthor’sstudentshavetowardstheentirecampus“smokefree”?A.Objective. B.Unconcerned. C.Negative. D.Positive.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“depriving”inparagraph3mean?A.Robbing. B.Accusing. C.Informing. D.Reminding.7Inwhichcolumnofanewspaperisthistextprobablyfound?A.Technology. B.Entertainment. C.Art. D.Life.CRobotsinspacewillbeextracting(提取)goldfromasteroids(小行星)withintenyearsifanewprojectbackedbyaSiliconValleybillionairegoesasplanned.PeterDiamandis,thefounderofPlanetaryResources,saidthepanyattemptstomaketheresourcesofspaceavailabletohumanity.Theinitialstage,tobeachievedinthenext18to24months,istolaunchaseriesofprivatetelescopeswhichwillorbitEarth.Thesewillbeusedtosearchfortherighttypeofasteroids.TheplanistousemerciallybuiltroboticshipstoextractrocketfuelandvaluablemineralsfromtherocksthatregularlypassbyEarth.Diamandispredictsthattheycouldhavetheirversionofaspacebasedpetrolstationupandrunningby2025.Severalscientistsnotinvolvedintheprojectarguedthattheprojectwasdaring,difficultandverypricey.Theydonotseehowitcouldbecosteffective.ButthefounderofPlanetaryResourceshasatrackrecordofprofitingfromspaceexplorationbusiness.Diamandiswasthefirstpersontosellridesintospacetotourists.“Beforewestartedlaunchingpeopleintospaceasprivatecitizens,peoplethoughtthatwasaridiculousidea,”Diamandissaid.“Thisisalongtermproject.Butit’snotacharity.We’llmakemoney.”Theideathatasteroidscouldbeminedforresourceshasbeenaroundforyears.Thereareprobably1,500asteroidsthatpassnearEarththatwouldbegoodinitialtargets.Theyareatleast50meterswide,andDiamandisfigurestenpercentofthemhavewaterandothervaluableminerals.RichardBinzel,ProfessorofPlanetaryScienceattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology,says,“Theideamightbemanydecadesaheadofitstime.Butyouhavetostartsomewhereasitmightofferanewperspectiveofsavingtheearthfrombeingoverexplored.”8.Whatissupposedtobethefirststepoftheproject?A.LaunchingrobotsintoEarthorbit. B.Sendingsometelescopesintospace.C.Buildingaspacebasedpetrolstation. D.Usingroboticshipstoextractrocketfuel.9.HowdidDiamandisusetomakemoneyfromspaceexplorationbusiness?A.Byextractinggoldfromasteroids. B.Byprovidingspacetravelsfortourists.C.Bybeingthefirstpersontorideintospace. D.Bysellingticketstoscetourists'ridesintospace.10.WhatdoesRichardBinzelthinkoftheproject?A.Itisrisky. B.Itisplex. C.Itisworthwhile. D.Itisdemanding.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MiningAsteroids B.HumansandAsteroidsC.SpaceExplorationinProgress D.TheProjectofExtractingMineralsDWheredogreatmusicians,greatmathematiciansandgreatsportspeoplegettheirtalent?Fordecadesnow,wehaveassumedthatmostofthemaresimplybornwithatalentthatordinarypeopledonothave.WhenbaseballlegendTedWilliamsclaimedthathisachievementhadnothingtodowithnaturalabilitybutweretheresultofpractice,practice,practice,peopleassumedthathewasmerelybeingmodest.Butscientistsnowbelievethattherewasagooddealoftruthinwhathesaid.Throughoutthelastcentury,itwasacceptedthatweinherit（继承）manyofourcharacteristicsfromourparentsviatheirDNA,thateachofusinheritsafixedamountofintelligenceafixedIQ,andthatmostofusaretobeordinary.Butnowitisacceptedthatourgenesinteractwiththeirsurroundings,gettingturnedonandoffallthetime.“Therearenogeneticfactorsthatcanbestudiedindependentlyoftheenvironment,”explainsMichaelMeaneyofMcGillUniversity.“Andtherearenoenvironmentalfactorsthatfunctionindependentlyofourgenes.Theyworkalongsideeachother.”Howdoesthisviewoftheroleofgeneschangeourunderstandingofindividualtalentandabilities?Doesitnowmeanthatgenesdon’tmatter,andthatweallhavethepotentialtobelike,say,LionelMessiorLebronJames?Suchaclaimfliesinthefaceofreason.Thegenesweinheritclearlymatter,asdogeneticdifferencesbetweenindividuals.ButitisalsotruethatLionelMessiwouldnothavebeethesuperfootballerheis,norLebronJamesabasketballsuperstar,withoutputtinginthousandsofhoursofpractice.Theycouldhaveturnedoutentirelydifferentpeople.TalentresearcherKevinRathundeagrees.“Highacademicachieversarenotnecessarilybornmuchsmarterthanothersbutgenesdocount,”hewritesinhisbookTalentedTeenagers,“andabovealltheyusuallyworkharderanddevelopmoreselfdiscipline.”12.WhatdidTedWilliamsthinkledtohissuccess?A.Hisnaturaltalent. B.Hisfullmitment.C.Hismodestpersonality. D.Hisextraordinaryintelligence.13.Whatdidwewidelybelieveduringthe20century?A.IntelligencehaslittletodowithDNA.B.Ourgenesinteractwithourenvironment.C.Themajorityofusareofaverageintelligence.D.OurcharacterissimplydecidedbyinheritedDNA.14.Whydoestheauthormention“LionelMessi”and“LebronJames”inparagraph3?A.Toclarifyapoint. B.Toillustratearule.C.Toofferasolution. D.Tomakeaprediction.15.WhichstatementwillKevinRathundeprobablyagreewith?A.Mostofusareborntobeaveragepersons.B.Wecouldallbegeniusesifworkinghardenough.C.Genetiefactorsaremoreimportantthanhardwork.D.Greattalentisabinationofgenesandpractice.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whenitestomoney,theworld’sluckiestwomanappearstobea63yearoldAmericancalledJoanGinther.Shehasmanagedtowinthejackpot(头奖)fourtimes.____16____Expertssaythatthechancesofwinningthismuchareextremelysmall.Mrs.Ginther’sfirstwinwasin1993whenshewonhalfofthe$11millionfirstprizeoftheTexasLottery(彩票).Therestofhermoneyhasefromscratch(刮)cards.Youscratchthesecardstoexposeifyouhaveawinningcode.Theyareverypopular,butnotmanypeoplewhobuythemwinanything.However,Mrs.Gintherwon$2millionfromaHolidayMillionairescratchcardin2006andthenshewonanother$3millionfromaMillionsandMillionsscratchcardin2008.____17____Asaresultofthesewins,theTimesMarketinBishop,whereMrs.Gintherboughthercard,hasbeeverypopular.____18____Theshopalsoreceivescallsfrompeopletryingtopurchasescratchcardsoverthephoneeventhoughtheylivefaraway.HowevernotmuchisknownaboutMrs.Ginther.____19____Evenherneighbourshaveverylittletosayabouther.SheisnowrarelyseeninBishopbecauseshemovedawayandshenowlivesinLasVegas.SunBae,theownerofTimesMarket,remembersthatMrs.Gintherboughtanewcarforoneofthetownresidents,eventhoughsheherselfdrivesaroundinanoldcar.____20____AndsheboughthernewhomeinLasVegasandshedonatedheroldhomeinBishoptocharity.“Shehashelpedsomanypeople,”Mrs.Baesaid.A.Thattimethecardwon$10million.B.Intotal,shehaswonover$20million!C.Obviously,herprivatelifeisveryimportanttoher.D.Additionally,shealsoboughtavanforthelocalchurch.E.Sosheisperhapsasluckywithcardsaswiththelottery.F.Heransweringmachinesays,“Pleasedonotleaveamessage.”G.Thereareoftenlongqueuesoutsidetheshopandalongtheroadnearby.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C,D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Ilovewildlife.Sowhenmyfriendsaidthatwehadachanceto____21____brownbearsintheHighTatras,Ididn’tthinktwiceaboutit,andwe____22____arrangementstogothefollowingweek.Thetripwasagreat___23___!Wewalkedforhoursandstayedina____24____mountainhut(小屋)whichwasusuallyreservedforparkrangers.Itactuallytookussometroubleeventolocateit.Assoonaswearrived,ourguide____25____tousthatwewouldbefullyintegrated(融入)intotheirresearchprogrammeandwouldbetrackingthe____26____ofbearswearingGPStransmitters.Onthefirstday,wewerewokenupatsunriseand,after____27____somewarmclothes,setoffintotheforest.Ourguidewalkedvery____28____andwehadtroublekeepingupwithhim.Suddenlyhe____29____acrossasmallhill.Hemusthavecaughtsightofabear.Wefollowedhimasfastaswecould,butbythetimewereachedhim,thebearhad_____30_____intothebushes.Laterintheweek,though,wedidmanagetoobserveseveralbearsfeedingonberries.Weweresoexcited.Yet,_____31_____hurryingtotakephotos,we_____32_____ourbreath,stayedabout30metersawayandjustwatchedthem.Ourguideinsistedthatweshouldkeepour_____33_____fromthebearssoasnotto_____34_____them.Observingbearsintheirnaturalhabitat(栖息地)wasreally_____35_____.Ihadneverexperiencedanythinglikethatbefore.IfIhadn’thadtogobacktoschool,Iwouldhappilyhavestayedonforseveralmoreweeks.21.A.hunt B.feed C.protect D.track22A.made B.changed C.cancelled D.quit23.A.deal B.danger C.success D.regret24.A.safe B.fortable C.remote D.beautiful25.A.remended B.explained C.admitted D.reported26.A.habits B.leftovers C.photos D.movements27.A.throwingon B.tidyingup C.pavingfor D.takingoff28.A.cautiously B.rapidly C.steadily D.casually29.A.moved B.wandered C.paced D.dashed30.A.disappeared B.looked C.broken D.turned31.A.dueto B.insteadof C.apartfrom D.asfor32.A.drew B.held C.released D.caught33.A.intention B.fear C.bravery D.distance34.A.attack B.train C.disturb D.feed35.A.fascinating B.boring C.exhausting D.challenging第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Yearsago,theauthorsconductedhumanwildlifeconflictsurveysintheTibetAutonomousRegion’scounties,____36____(locate)intheTAR’sremoteChangTangregion.Thesesurveysshowed____37____previouslyundocumentedandgrowingproblemofhumansnowleopardconflict.Next,snowleopardtelephoneinterviewswereconductedwithTibetForestryBureaustaff,____38____(result)inanadditionalnewconflictandsightinglocationrecords.Thisnewlocationinformation,togetherwithrecordsprovidedbyotherobservers,____39____(collect)tomakeasnowleoparddistribution(分布)map.Thiseffortgreatlyexpandedknowledgeofthesnowleopard’sdistributioninthisregion,____40____remainsoneoftheleastunderstoodofthesnowleopard’skeyrangeareas.NewknowledgeonsnowleopardintheChangTangwillhelpidentifyhumansnowleopardconflicthotspotsandinfluencedesignofhumansnowleopardconflictreliefandconservationstrategiesfornorthwestTibet.Nevertheless,muchfieldworkwillalsoberequired____41____(describe)snowleoparddistributionintheChangTang.Importantly,inthepastfewyears,anumberofmajortransportationinfrastructure(基础设施)projects____42____(make)theChangTangmoreaccessible.Thishasledtoa____43____(great)increasednumberoftouristsvisitingwesternTibet,Mt.KailashandLakeManasarovar____44____particular.Allthesedevelopmentshavealargepotentialtocausedisturbancetosnowleopardsandtheirpreyspecies,includinginfluencingtheirmovements_____45_____destroyingtheirhabitat.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你校正在举办主题为“文明习惯满校园”的倡议书征文活动，请你写一份倡议书投稿，内容包括：1.发出倡议的背景；2.倡议内容与理由。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。LuckyTeresa,agentle,softspokenwomanofseventy,hadalwaysmanagedtoviewtheworldwithachild’ssenseofwonderment.Shegreetedthedawnofeachnewdaywiththebrightnessofthesunitselfandfoundjoyinthesmallestofthings.Onedaywhileoutcrossingtheroadinfrontofherhome,Teresahadbeeninjuredinahitandrun.Thedriverleftthewomaninseverepain,Whenthemailmanfoundherunconsciousnearlyanhourlater,herinjuredleghadbeenbleedingheavily.She’dmadeittothehospitaljustintimeandlater,thedoctorhadtoldTeresashewasluckytobealive.Returninghome,Teresadidn'tfeelsolucky.Beforetheaccident,theelderlywomanhad