江西省景德镇市2023-2024学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

景德镇市20232024学年度上学期期末检测卷高二英语第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howmanypeopleattendedthemeeting?A.13.B.18.C.30.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Makingaguess.B.Boardingtheplane.C.Seeingoffthewoman.3.Whatdoesthewomanwantthemantodo?A.Lookafterherkid.B.Typeareport.C.Pickupaclient.4.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Acouple.B.Anaccident.C.Acar.5Whereareprobablythespeakers?A.Atthebeach.B.Inthegym.C.Intheplayground.第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?A.Eatout.B.Meetthemanager.C.Dealwithherwork.7.Whatwillthewomanhaveforlunch?A.Pizza.B.Spaghetti.C.Beefnoodles.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whoisthewomanprobablytalkingto?A.Herschoolmate.B.Hermanager.C.Awaiter.9.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Enjoybeefsteak.B.Buysomedresses.C.Headfortheairport.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthemovie?A.It’sromantic.B.It’sdull.C.It’sinteresting.11.Whatkindofmoviesdoesthemanprobablylike?A.Sciencefictionmovies.B.Horrormovies.C.Actionmovies.12.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Acouple.B.Coworkers.C.Friends.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthemanoffertodoforthewoman?A.Callthewoman’sfriend.B.Helpherexplaintherequest.C.Buyheranewtrainticket.14.Whattimeisit?A.4:00p.m.B.2:00p.m.C.1:30p.m.15.Whyisthewomaninarush?A.Herfriendiswaitingforher.BThetrainisleavingsoon.C.ShewantstoleaveSeoulurgently.16.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gototheticketoffice.B.Printhertrainticket.C.Boardthetrain.听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。17.WhydidShenJianhuamovetothevillage10yearsago?A.Hewantedtoconcentrateonpainting.B.Hiswifewasinbadphysicalcondition.C.Hehopedtohelpthevillagersearnsomemoney.18.WhendidWangBingxiustarttostudyartintheclub?A.In2012.B.In2019.C.In2022.19.Wheredothepatternspickedbytheseelderlywomenefrom?A.Fruitsandflowers.B.Flowersandbutterflies.C.Butterfliesandfruits.20.WhatdoweknowaboutShenJianhua?A.Hehasheldfournationaltours.B.Hehasopenedacafe.C.Hisworksweresoldfor15,000yuan.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AExhibitionsworthvisitinginLondonin2023Flowery:OrchidsThisannualfestivalisbackinbloom,thistimeinspiredbythebeautyandbiodiversityofCameroon.Justlikepreviousyears,theorchidsarespreadthroughoutthevariouszonesofthePrincessofWalesconservatoryandacpaniedbysculpturesthatarejustascolorfulastheflowersondisplay.AtKewGardens.4February—5March,$16.50—entrancetothegardensincluded.Architectural:VanishingPointsWhileweliketothinkofarchitectureexistingpurelyintherealworld,emergingdesignersandarchitectsareusingplatformslikeInstagramtocreatestructuresinthevirtualworld.Thiscollectionofworks,whichrangefromthepracticaltothefantastical,areallbyarchitectswhohavegatheredsignificantsocialmediafollowings.IntheDigitalUniverseatROCALondon.8February—31July,free.PowerfulPortraits:AliceNeelThelargestUKexhibitiontodateofAmericanpainterAliceNeel’sworkwillbringtogetherherfigurativepiecesfromacrossher60yearcareer.Neelwentagainstthepopulargrainbypaintingfigureswhenabstractworksweremostpopular,andshepaintedsubjectsthatotherartistsignored—pregnantwomen,laborleaders,blackchildren,civilrightsactivistsandstrangeperformers.It’shightimewehadamajorshowofherworkinLondon,andtheBarbieanhasdulyprovided.AtBarbicanArtGallery.16February–21May,$16.50.FemaleAbstraction:Action,Gesture,Paint.ArthistoryhasoftenshonealightonthemenofAbstractExpressionism,suchasJacksonPollockandMarkRothko.Well,now’sthetimetoletthemostimportantwomenofthemovementtakethelimelightinanexhibitionthatincludesworksbyAmericanartistssuchasLeeKrasnerandHelenFrankenthaler,butspreadsthenetwidertoincludethefemaleabstractartistsfromEurope,Asiaandthewiderworld,withwhommostofuswillbeunfamiliar.AtWhitechapelGallery.9February—7May,$16.50—concessionsavailable.1.Whatmightnewlydevelopingdesignersandarchitectstendtodo?A.Togathersignificantsocialmedia.B.Tocreatevirtualarchitecturalstructures.C.TocreateplatformslikeInstagram.D.Todesignpurelyrealarchitecturalstructures.2.WhencanvisitorsappreciateLeeKrasner’sworks?A.OnMarch10. B.OnJanuary7.C.OnFebruary8. D.OnMay8.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheartistAliceNeel?A.Sheis60yearsoldnow.B.Herartworksdon’tintentionallyfollowthemainstream.C.Sheoftenignoredsomemonsubjects.D.SheisthemostpopularAmericanpainterintheUK.【答案】1.B2.A3.B【解析】【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要介绍2023年伦敦值得参观的展览。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Architectural:VanishingPoints部分“Whileweliketothinkofarchitectureexistingpurelyintherealworld,emergingdesignersandarchitectsareusingplatformslikeInstagramtocreatestructuresinthevirtualworld.(虽然我们喜欢认为建筑纯粹存在于现实世界中，但新兴设计师和建筑师正在使用Instagram等平台在虚拟世界中创建结构。)”可知，新兴设计师和建筑师正在使用Instagram等平台在虚拟世界中创建结构。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据FemaleAbstraction:Action,Gesture,Paint.部分“Well,now’sthetimetoletthemostimportantwomenofthemovementtakethelimelightinanexhibitionthatincludesworksbyAmericanartistssuchasLeeKrasnerandHelenFrankenthaler(好吧，现在是时候让这场运动中最重要的女性在展览中脱颖而出了，其中包括LeeKrasner和HelenFrankenthaler等美国艺术家的作品)”和“AtWhitechapelGallery.9February—7May,$16.50—concessionsavailable.(在白教堂画廊。2月9日至5月7日，16.50美元优惠票可用。)”可知，2月9日至5月7日可以看LeeKrasner的作品展览，四个选项中A选项3月10日在这个时间范围内。故选A。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据PowerfulPortraits:AliceNeel部分“Neelwentagainstthepopulargrainbypaintingfigureswhenabstractworksweremostpopular,andshepaintedsubjectsthatotherartistsignored—pregnantwomen,laborleaders,blackchildren,civilrightsactivistsandstrangeperformers.(尼尔在抽象作品最受欢迎的时候画人物，这与流行的风格背道而驰，她画的是其他艺术家忽视的主题——孕妇、劳工领袖、黑人儿童、民权活动家和奇怪的表演者。)”可知，尼尔在抽象作品最受欢迎的时候画人物，这与流行的风格背道而驰，所以，她的作品并非有意追随主流。故选B。BAfewweeksago,Ipulledanoldroadmapoutofmygloveboxandhandedittomykids.They’dneverseentheprovinceofOntariolaidoutlikethisbefore.Theystaredatit,askingaboutallthetowns,parksandotherlandmarkswe’dvisited,andIpointedthemoutonthemap.DigitalmapsandGPSaremodernwondersthathavegottenmeoutofmanyconfusingplaces,butpapermapsstillhavearoletoplayinourlives.Mostofusadultslearnedtoreadthemoutofnecessity,butit’suptoustopassonthatskilltochildrenwhoseneedmaynotbesoobvious,butwhostillwillbenefitfromit.AsTrevorMuirwroteinanarticleonthistopic,“Whenkidslearnhowtocreateandusepapermaps,theyaredoingmorethanjustlearninghowtogetaround.Theyareactuallydevelopingafundamentalskillthattheywillusefortherestoftheirlives.Mapreadingskillstillbelongsintoday’sclassroom.”Asachild,IhadNationalGeographicmapstapedtomybedroomwalls.ThisarousedmycuriosityandimaginationaboutthoseplacesandthusmademeeagertoremembermygeographyandhistorylessonsbecausetheyweretiedtoplacesI’d“seen”.Evennowasamotheroffour,I’vealsosparedtimetotraveltomanyofthecountrieswhosemapsIstudiedasachild.Additionally,inthisfastchangingworld,unexpectedeventscanrapidlyinfluenceone’susualwayoflife.WhenGPSsatellitesorInternetconnectionsareaffected,thisoldfashionedskillcangetyououtofamesswithoutrequiringasmartphone.Lastbutnotleast,papermapsarousebigpicturethinking,showingkidsthatthere’samuchbiggerworldoutthereandhelpingtodirectthemwithinit.So,nowisagoodtimetopulloutthosedustyoldmapsandlaythemonthekitchentable.4.Howdidthechildrenreactwhengiventhepapermap?A.Theyseemedtotallyconfused.B.Theyshowedgreatcuriosity.C.TheyfounditlessconvenientthanGPS.D.Theyrecognizedthelandmarksthemselveseffortlessly.5.Whatbenefitsdoestheauthormentionregardingtheuseofpapermapsforchildren?A.TheypromoterelianceonGPStechnology.B.Theyprovideinstantconvenienceandaccuracy.C.Theyenhancecuriosityandimagination.D.Theygetridoftheneedforsmartphones.6.Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthoragreewith?A.Papermapsarealreadyoutofdate.B.Internetconnectionsarealwaysreliable.C.GPSwillsoonerorlaterreplacepapermaps.D.Papermapsprovidekidswithagrandvision.7.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowtoTeachKidstoSurviveintheWildB.TimetoTeachKidstoReadPaperMapsC.HowtoTeachKidstoRecognizeStrangePlacesD.TimetoEncourageKidstoExploreaRealWorld【答案】4.B5.C6.D7.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章中作者分享了给自己的孩子们展示纸质地图时，他们充满好奇的情景，以及自己小时候使用纸质地图的经历，向读者表明纸质地图对我们的生活依然很重要，学习如何使用它对孩子们有很多益处，因此主张父母应该教给孩子使用纸质地图的技能。【4题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“They’dneverseentheprovinceofOntariolaidoutlikethisbefore.Theystaredatit,askingaboutallthetowns,parksandotherlandmarkswe’dvisited(他们从未见过安大略省像这样陈列出来。他们盯着它，询问我们去过的所有城镇、公园和其他地标)”推知，孩子们对这张纸质地图非常好奇，询问地图上的各种地标。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中“ThisarousedmycuriosityandimaginationaboutthoseplacesandthusmademeeagertoremembermygeographyandhistorylessonsbecausetheyweretiedtoplacesI’d“seen”.(这唤起了我对那些地方的好奇心和想象力，从而使我渴望记住我的地理和历史课程，因为它们与我“看到”的地方有关)”可知，作者提到使用纸质地图能够激发孩子的好奇心与想象力。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Lastbutnotleast,papermapsarousebigpicturethinking,showingkidsthatthere’samuchbiggerworldoutthereandhelpingtodirectthemwithinit.(最后但并非最不重要的一点是，纸质地图能激发孩子们的宏观思维，让他们知道外面有一个更大的世界，并帮助他们进入这个世界)”可知，作者认为纸质地图为孩子们提供了一个宏大的视野，帮助他们进入更大的世界。故选D项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“So,nowisagoodtimetopulloutthosedustyoldmapsandlaythemonthekitchentable.(所以，现在是时候拿出那些满是灰尘的旧地图，把它们放在厨房的桌子上了)”可知，作者结合给自己的孩子们展示纸质地图，以及自己小时候使用纸质地图的经历，向读者表明纸质地图对我们的生活依然很重要，学习如何使用它对孩子们有很多益处，主张父母应该教给孩子使用纸质地图的技能。因此，B项“是时候教孩子看纸质地图了”契合文章大意，最适合作为标题。故选B项。CAtthe202223ChinaHighSchoolBasketballLeague(CHBL)nationalFinalsonMay14,sportsweargiantNikeannouncedthatitwouldbuildanenvironmentallyfriendlybasketballcourtthatusesrecycledsneakersasrawmaterials.ThecourtisscheduledtobepletedinGuangzhoubytheendofJuly.CooperatingwiththeChinaSchoolSportsFederation,NikelaunchedtheenvironmentalprotectioncharityprojectfortheCHBL202223Season.TheprojectencouragestheinvolvementofCHBLplayers’coaches,basketballenthusiastsandconsumersinthecollectionandrecyclingofoldsportshoes.Throughadvancedtechnology,thrownawaysportshoeswillbeprocessedandusedintheconstructionofthefirsteverCHBLthemedecofriendlybasketballcourt.Overthepasttwomonths,theoldsportshoescollectionbinshavetraveledalongsidetheCHBLtourmakingstopsatthefourmajorregionaltournamentsheldintheeast,west,southandnorthofChina.Thebinshavegoneintoschools,includingTsinghuaHighSchoolinBeijingandHuipuMiddleSchoolinTaizhouZhejiangprovince,spreadingthespiritsofCHBLandinspiringitsplayerstobeerolemodelsnotonlyonthebasketballcourt,butalsointheireverydaylives.FamousfemalebasketballplayerHanXuhasactivelycontributedtothecollectionofusedshoesandexpressedhersupportfortheprojectthroughherpersonalsocialmediachannels.ZhangLei,secretarygeneraloftheCSSF,saysthatCHBLnotonlyassistsyoungplayersandteenagersinimprovingtheirbasketballskillsbutalsopromotesthedevelopmentofbasketballculturewithincampuses.“Inadditiontoexpandingtheleague’ssizeandinfluence,wehavealsoaddedenvironmentaleducationintotheprogram.Environmentaleducationplaysanimportantroleinshapingsociety’scorevalues.Itguidesyoungindividualstowardunderstandingtheimportanceofenvironmentalissues,formingaproperattitudeontherelationshipbetweenhumansandnature,andraisingtheirenvironmentalawarenessandpractices.Itservesasanendlesssourceofdevelopingenvironmentalconsciousnessthroughoutsociety.”TheconstructionoftheecofriendlybasketballcourtmarksasignificantstepinNike’smitmenttosupportingyoungbasketballfanswhileputtingenvironmentalsustainability(持续性)atthefirstplace8.Whichistrueaboutthebasketballcourtmentioned?A.ItisbuiltbyNikewithoutanyhelp B.ItisbuiltoutofrecycledsportshoesC.Ithasalreadybeenputintouse D.Itdoesharmtotheenvironment9.WhatisHanXuandZhangLei’sattitudetowardthebasketballcourt?A.Doubtful B.Negative C.Indifferent D.Supportive10.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.CHBLattachesgreatimportancetoenvironmentprotection.B.Nikebuildssuchabasketballcourtformakingmoremoney.C.Onlybasketballplayersbenefitfromtheconstructionofthecourt.D.Environmentaleducationhasnoconnectionwithsociety’scorevalues.11.Whatisprobablythebesttitle?A.WaystoRecycleThrownawaySportShoesEffectivelyB.TheImportanceofJointlyProtectingtheEnvironmentC.EcofriendlyBasketballCourttobepletedinGuangzhouD.TheBenefitsofLivinginHarmonywithNatureforHumans【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是篇说明文。在5月14日举行的202223中国高中蓝球联赛全国总决赛上，运动服装巨头耐克宣布将建造一个使用回收运动鞋作为原材料的环保篮球场，这一活动得到各方人士的大力支持，标志着耐克在支持年轻篮球迷的同时，将环境可持续性放在首位的承诺迈出了重要的一步。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Atthe202223ChinaHighSchoolBasketballLeague(CHBL)nationalFinalsonMay14,sportsweargiantNikeannouncedthatitwouldbuildanenvironmentallyfriendlybasketballcourtthatusesrecycledsneakersasrawmaterials.(在5月14日举行的202223中国高中篮球联赛(CHBL)全国总决赛上，运动服装巨头耐克宣布将建造一个使用回收运动鞋为原材料的环保型篮球场。)”可知，文中提到的篮球场是由回收的运动鞋建造的。故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“FamousfemalebasketballplayerHanXuhasactivelycontributedtothecollectionofusedshoesandexpressedhersupportfortheprojectthroughherpersonalsocialmediachannels.ZhangLei,secretarygeneraloftheCSSF,saysthatCHBLnotonlyassistsyoungplayersandteenagersinimprovingtheirbasketballskillsbutalsopromotesthedevelopmentofbasketballculturewithincampuses.(著名女篮球运动员韩旭积极参与旧鞋收集活动，并通过个人社交媒体渠道表达了对该项目的支持。中国篮球联合会秘书长张磊表示，中国篮球联合会不仅帮助年轻球员和青少年提高篮球技术，而且还促进了校园篮球文化的发展。)”可知，韩旭和张磊对环保篮球场持支持态度。故选D。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中“Inadditiontoexpandingtheleague’ssizeandinfluence,wehavealsoaddedenvironmentaleducationintotheprogram.(除了扩大联盟的规模和影响力，我们还在项目中加入了环境教育。)可知，CHBL在联赛中加入了环境教育，可见非常重视环境保护。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段中“ThecourtisscheduledtobepletedinGuangzhoubytheendofJuly.(该球场将于今年7月底在广州完工。)”和最后一段“TheconstructionoftheecofriendlybasketballcourtmarksasignificantstepinNike’smitmenttosupportingyoungbasketballfanswhileputtingenvironmentalsustainability(持续性)atthefirstplace.(环保篮球场的建设标志着耐克在支持年轻篮球迷的同时，将环境可持续性放在首位的承诺迈出了重要的一步。)可知，本文主要讲述了将在广州完工的由耐克公司建造的环保篮球场，C项“EcofriendlyBasketballCourttobepletedinGuangzhou(广州环保篮球场即将竣工)”符合题意。故选C。DAlargeamountofgreatscientificdiscoveriesisnotactuallydiscoveredbutborrowed.Thatwasthecasewhenscientistsdiscoveredproteinsfromanunlikelylender:greenalgae(绿藻),whosecellsaremodifiedwithproteinsthatcansenselight.Thelightsensingproteinpromisedthepowertocontrolneurons(神经元)byprovidingawaytoturnthemonandoff.Suchability,firstnoticedin2002,quicklycaughttheattentionofbrainscientists:Nervecellswhichweregeneticallyengineeredtoproducesuchproteinsbeelightcontrolled.Aflashoflightcouldcauseaquietneurontosendsignalsorforceanactiveneurontofallsilent.“Thisisthelightsensorthatweneeded,”saysZhuoHuaPan,ascientistsearchingforawaytocontrolvisioncellsinmice’seyes.Themethodisnowcalledoptogenetics(光遗传学).InPan’slab,lightresponsiveproteinsrestoredvisioninmicewithdamagedeyesight,afindingthathasnowledtoamedicaltestonpeople.Optogenetics’promisewasn’tclearinearlydays,asscientistswerefirstlearninghowtousetheseproteinsinneurons.“Atthattime,nooneexpectedthatthisoptogeneticworkwouldhavesuchahugeimpact,”Pansays.Thealgae’slightsensorshavebeenadoptedforuseincountlessbrainresearchfields.Talia,anotherscientist,usesoptogeneticstostudyconnectionsbetweencellsinthemousebrain.Themethodallowshertobtherelationshipsbetweencellsthatproduceandrespondtodopamine(多巴胺),whichmighthelpuncoverdetailsaboutmotivationandlearning.Sofar,optogeneticsresearchhastakenplacemostlyinmice.Butfindingsintomoreplexbrainslikehumanbrainmaysoonbeconfirmed.“Wearedefinitelyonthetipofuncoveringsomefascinatingprinciplesofthehumanbrain,suchashowthebraintransformssignalsfromtheeyesintoperceptions,”saysYasmineofColumbiaUniversity.Nomatterwhathappensnextinthisswiftlymovingfield,onethingiscertain:Brainscientistswillbeforeverinthealgae’sdebt.12.WhatdoesParagraph2mainlytalkabout?A.Theoriginofneurons. B.Thevarietiesofneurons.C.Thediscoveryofgreenalgae. D.Theinspirationfromgreenalgae.13.WhatcanwelearnfromPan’sresearch?A.Thefindingsareusedtocurebraindiseases.B.Impairedeyesightislikelytoberestored.C.Relationshipsbetweencellshavebeenfound.D.Thelightsensingproteinisthekeytothebrain.14.What’sYasmine’sattitudetowardsthefutureofherresearch?A.Confident. B.Cautious. C.Critical. D.Unclear.15.Whichsectionisthistextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Health. B.Botany. C.Figure. D.Invention.【答案】12.D13.B14.A15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了科学家们如何从绿藻中发现能感知光的蛋白质，并利用这些蛋白质进行神经元的控制。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Thelightsensingproteinpromisedthepowertocontrolneuronsbyprovidingawaytoturnthemonandoff.Suchability,firstnoticedin2002,quicklycaughttheattentionofbrainscientists:Nervecellswhichweregeneticallyengineeredtoproducesuchproteinsbeelightcontrolled.Aflashoflightcouldcauseaquietneurontosendsignalsorforceanactiveneurontofallsilent.“Thisisthelightsensorthatweneeded,”saysZhuoHuaPan,ascientistsearchingforawaytocontrolvisioncellsinmice’seyes.Themethodisnowcalledoptogenetics.(这种光感应蛋白通过提供开关来控制神经元，从而保证了控制神经元的能力。这种能力在2002年首次被注意到，并迅速引起了脑科学家的注意：通过基因工程产生这种蛋白质的神经细胞变得光控。一道闪光可以使一个安静的神经元发出信号，或者迫使一个活跃的神经元停止活动。“这就是我们需要的光传感器，”科学家潘卓华说，他正在寻找一种控制老鼠眼睛视觉细胞的方法。这种方法现在被称为光遗传学。)”可知，第二段主要讲来自绿藻的启发。故选D项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“InPan’slab,lightresponsiveproteinsrestoredvisioninmicewithdamagedeyesight,afindingthathasnowledtoamedicaltestonpeople.(在潘的实验室里，光反应蛋白使视力受损的老鼠恢复了视力，这一发现现已用于人体医学试验。)”可知，根据Pan的研究，受损的视力有可能得到恢复。故选B项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中““Wearedefinitelyonthetipofuncoveringsomefascinatingprinciplesofthehumanbrain,suchashowthebraintransformssignalsfromtheeyesintoperceptions,”saysYasmineofColumbiaUniversity.(哥伦比亚大学的Yasmine说:“我们无疑即将揭开人类大脑的一些迷人原理，比如大脑是如何将来自眼睛的信号转化为感知的。”)”可知，Yasmine对她研究的未来充满信心。故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据文章最后一段话“Nomatterwhathappensnextinthisswiftlymovingfield,onethingiscertain:Brainscientistswillbeforeverinthealgae’sdebt.(无论这个快速发展的领域接下来会发生什么，有一件事是肯定的：大脑科学家将永远欠藻类的债。)”可知，文章主要讲述了科学家们如何从绿藻中发现能感知光的蛋白质，并利用这些蛋白质进行神经元的控制，文章与生命健康有关。由此推知，短文来自健康专栏。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，共12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。What’syourfeelingifyourfriendremendsaedyclasstoyou,implyingthatyoulackasenseofhumor?Iwouldfeeldepressed.____16____YetaccordingtoJenniferAakerandNaomiBagdonas,humorisnotsomethingyouarebornwithorwithout.____17____What’smore,findingourfunnysidesmakesusappearmorepetentandconfident,strengthensrelationships,unlockscreativity,andmakesusmorelikable.Ithelpsinanylifesituation.____18____IturnedtoAakerandBagdonasandtheyagreedtoteachmehowtofindmyfunnybones.Inourfirstcall,wediscussthemonmisconceptionsthatstopmanyofusinouredytracks.Thefirst,Aakersays,isthebeliefthathumorhasnoplaceincertainsituations,especiallyatwork.____19____.But98%ofthetopexecutivessaytheypreferemployeeswithasenseofhumorand84%ofbossesbelievethoseemployeesdobetterwork.Theyaresoconvincedofthepowerofhumorthattheyalsoadvocateitsabilitytohelppeopleavoiddifficultsituations.____20____Researchshowsthatpeoplewhowatchafunnyvideobeforetryingtosolveapuzzlearetwiceaslikelytobesuccessfulandwhenwedomakemistakes,learningtolaughatthemcanhaveapositiveimpactonourpsychology.Ittakesoffthepressureandifyoushowcolleaguesthatyouaren’tafraidtolaughatyourownmistakes,they’llfeelsaferowninguptotheirs.A.Rather,itcanbedevelopedgradually.B.Weworryaboutnotbeingtakenseriously.C.Ifyoufeelunfortablemakingthejokes,leavethemtosomeoneelse.D.Everyjokefollowsthefundamentalstructureofsetupandpunchline.E.Thisexplainswhypeopleeagerlysignupforthehumorcourse.F.Somepeoplejustaren’tfunnyandI’moneofthem.G.Humorhasbeenprovedtoincreasecreativity.【答案】16.F17.A18.E19.B20.G【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了幽默的好处。【16题详解】由上文“What’syourfeelingifyourfriendremendsaedyclasstoyou,implyingthatyoulackasenseofhumor?Iwouldfeeldepressed.(如果你的朋友向你推荐一个喜剧班，暗示你缺乏幽默感，你会作何感想?我会感到沮丧。)”可知，上文指出作者感觉很沮丧，空处应该是解释作者为什么沮丧，F选项“Somepeoplejustaren’tfunnyandI’moneofthem.(有些人就是不好笑，而我就是其中之一)”符合题意，承接上文。故选F。【17题详解】由上文“YetaccordingtoJenniferAakerandNaomiBagdonas,humorisnotsomethingyouarebornwithorwithout.(然而，根据JenniferAaker和NaomiBagdonas的说法，幽默不是与生俱来的)”可知，上文说幽默不是与生俱来的，空处应该是说明幽默是可以逐渐培养的，A选项“Rather,itcanbedevelopedgradually.(相反，它可以逐步发展)”承接上文，符合题意，故选A。【18题详解】由上文“What’smore,findingourfunnysidesmakesusappearmorepetentandconfident,strengthensrelationships,unlockscreativity,andmakesusmorelikable.Ithelpsinanylifesituation.(更重要的是，发现我们有趣的一面会让我们看起来更有能力和自信，加强人际关系，释放创造力，让我们更讨人喜欢。它在任何生活情况下都有帮助。)”可知，此处介绍了幽默的好处，因为幽默有这么多好处，所以人们才愿意报一些幽默课程，E选项“Thisexplainswhypeopleeagerlysignupforthehumorcourse.(这就解释了为什么人们，会急切地报名参加幽默课程)”承接上文，和上文构成因果关系。故选E。【19题详解】由上文“Thefirst,Aakersays,isthebeliefthathumorhasnoplaceincertainsituations,especiallyatwork.(Aaker说，首先要相信幽默在某些情况下没有立足之地，尤其是在工作中。)”可知，Aaker说幽默在某些情况下没有立足之地，尤其是在工作中，空处应该是解释为什么Aaker会这么说，B选项“Weworryaboutnotbeingtakenseriously.(我们担心别人不把我们当回事)”符合题意，即在某些情况下人们是不能幽默的，因为我们担心说一些幽默的话，别人会把我们不当回事。故选B。【20题详解】由下文“Researchshowsthatpeoplewhowatchafunnyvideobeforetryingtosolveapuzzlearetwiceaslikelytobesuccessfulandwhenwedomakemistakes,learningtolaughatthemcanhaveapositiveimpactonourpsychology.(研究表明，在解谜前看搞笑视频的人成功的可能性是常人的两倍，当我们犯错时，学会笑对我们的心理有积极的影响。)”可知，幽默能提高人们的创造力，使人们更有可能获取成功，G选项“Humorhasbeenprovedtoincreasecreativity.(幽默已经被证明可以提高创造力)”对下文进行总结，指出幽默的好处，其中“proved”和下文“Researchshows”相呼应，故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节完型填空(共15题，每题1分，共15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.Eightyearsago,Nixondecidedtobegineachdayfromabenchwatchingthesunriseatthewaterfront.“Icallit’liferising’becauseitmakesmefeel____21____beforestartingmyday,”saidNixon.Laterawomansaidsomethingthatchangedhisonhisdailyroutine.“Shesaid,‘EverymorningwhenIseeyou____22____here,IknowthateverythingisgoingtobeOK,’”Nixonrecalled.“That’swhenIknew:Ineededtomakeeyecontactandletpeoplewalkingpastknowthatweare____23____toeachother.”Insteadofstaringatthesunrise,Nixonstarted____24____atpeopleandstrikingup____25____.Andsoon,moreearlyrisersbeganjoininghimonthebench,sometimes____26____theirtroubles,askinghimforadviceaboutrelationships,careers,and____27____problems.“Iwashappytolisten,”Nixonsaid.“Iwantedthemtowalkawayknowingtheydidn’thavetofeel____28____.”So,everymorning,Nixonrisesat4:30.Hedrivessevenmilestothewaterfrontwherehe’ll____29____fortwohours.Hispresenceandhis_____30_____tolisteninghaveledsometonicknamehimtheSunshineMayor.Whilemostpeoplesimplywaveor_____31_____brieflytomakesmalltalk,othersare_____32_____tospendafewminuteswithsomeonewhowill_____33_____.Nomatterwhatproblemapersonwantsto_____34_____Nixonlendsanear.“Youhavetohaveanopenheartbecauseyouneverknowwho’sgoingtowalkupandwhattheymightneed,”Nixonsaid.“Everypersonwhostopsbythebench_____35_____myundividedattention.”21.A.surprised B.occupied C.centered D.amused22.A.standing B.sitting C.lying D.jogging23A.important B.familiar C.grateful D.unique24.A.smiling B.shouting C.pointing D.wondering25.A.friendships B.conversations C.action D.understanding26.A.gettingover B.goingthrough C.pouringout D.puttingaside27.A.public B.casual C.special D.personal28.A.embarrassed B.alone C.shy D.sorry29.A.stand B.exercise C.observe D.stay30.A.alertness B.openness C.contribution D.attention31.A.dropby B.dropoff C.dropout D.dropback32.A.proud B.cheerful C.satisfied D.anxious33.A.listen B.smile C.appear D.understand34.A.solve B.consult C.air D.declare35.A.arouses B.deserves C.focuses D.enjoys【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.A25.B26.C27.D28.B29.D30.B31.A32.D33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Nixon每天早晨坐着长椅上和人们交流，认真倾听别人的倾诉，被人们称为“阳光市长”的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Nixon说：“我称它为‘生活上升’，因为它让我在开始新的一天之前感到集中。”A.surprised惊奇的；B.occupied被占领的；C.centered居中的，集中的；D.amused逗乐的。根据前文“watchingthesunriseatthewaterfront”可知，注视日出能让Nixon感到精神集中。故选C项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她说，‘每天早上看到你坐在这里，我就知道一切都会好起来的，’”Nixon回忆说。A.standing站；B.sitting坐；C.lying躺；D.jogging慢跑。根据前文“fromabenchwatchingthesunrise”可知，Nixon坐在长椅上看日出。故选B项。23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“那时我就知道：我需要眼神交流，让路过的人知道我们对彼此很重要。”A.important重要的；B.familiar熟悉的；C.grateful感激的；D.unique唯一的。根据后文“Ineededtomakeeyecontact”以及“Insteadofstaringatthesunrise,Nixonstarted____4____atpeopleandstrikingup____5____.”可知，Nixon需要和人交流，并且知道了和过路人交流是重要的。故选A项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Nixon不再盯着日出，而是开始对人们微笑，开始攀谈。A.smiling微笑；B.shouting喊叫；C.pointing指点；D.wondering想知道。根据语境和前文“Ineededtomakeeyecontactandletpeoplewalkingpastknowthatweare____3____toeachother.”及后文“Iwashappytolisten”可知，Nixon开始对人们微笑，高兴地与人交流。故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.friendships友谊；B.conversations对话；C.action行动；D.understanding理解。根据后文“Andsoon,moreearlyrisersbeganjoininghimonthebench,sometimes____6____theirtroubles,askinghimforadvice