2021-2022学年青海省西宁市大通回族土族自治县高一上学期期末考试英语试题（解析版）(不含听力音频)

2021-2022学年青海省西宁市大通回族土族自治县高一上学期期末考试英语试题考生注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。满分150分，考试时间120分钟。2.答题前，考生务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将密封线内项目填写清楚。3.考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；非选择题请用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。4.本卷命题范围：人教版必修1+必修2。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Goonadiet. B.Giveupexercise. C.Haveabalanceddiet.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Whatdoyouthinkaboutdieting?M:Idon’tthinkdietingisgoodforourhealth.You’dbetterhaveabalanceddietandexerciseregularly.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onthephone. B.Inarestaurant. C.Atashop.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:WhiteRoseRestaurant.Goodafternoon!CanIhelpyou?M:Yes,I'mcallingtobookatablefornextMonday.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmuchistherentoftheapartmentpermonth?A.$800. B.$1,600. C.$2,400.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Whataboutthistwo-bedroomapartment?It'srightintheheartofthecity.M:That'sverygood.Howmuchistherent?W:$1,600.Butifyoushareitwithanotherperson,that'sonly$800permonth.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanhaveforbreakfastsometimes?A.Friedrice. B.Friedcakes. C.Noodles.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast?M:Friedcakes.ButsometimesIhavefriedriceforachange.Whataboutyou?W:Ioftenhavenoodlesforbreakfast.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whydoesthemanmakeanapology?A.HeislateforPeter’swedding.B.Hedidn’ttakeanyphotosofAnnie.C.HeisunabletolendAnniehiscamera.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Annie,I’msorry.W:Whatfor?M:I’dliketolendyoumycameraforyourholiday,butIwon’tbeableto.I’vepromisedtotakephotosatPeter’swedding.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Howtomanagetime. B.HowtolearnEnglish. C.Howtotakeachance.7.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?A.Hard-working. B.Lazy. C.Creative.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:YourspokenEnglishisprettygood.PleasetellmeyourexperienceinlearningEnglish.M:Well,whatdoyouwanttoknow?W:What'syourwayoflearning?M:Letmethinkaminute.IthinkIalwaystrytotakeeverychancetopractise.W:Whatifthereisnochance?Imeanwhatifyoudon'thaveapartner?M:Well,Italktomyself.W:That'sagoodidea.Youarereallycreative.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatdoesthemanneednow?A.Ahelper. B.Apayrise. C.Ajob.9.Whatisthewomanworriedabout?A.Theman'sfamily. B.Theman'shealth. C.Theman'sproject.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:I'mtootirednow.I'vealreadybeenworkingfor12hourswithoutarest!W:God!Don'tyouthinkthebossshouldgetsomeonetohelpyou?M:Yes,butsofarnobody'sturnedup,andIhavetodotheworkalone.W:Whydon'tyouaskforsometimeoff?Youshouldhaveagoodrest.M:I'mafraidIcan'tbeforeIfinishthisproject.W:You'dbetterpaymoreattentiontoyourhealth.M:Iwill,thanksforyourconcern.W:You'rewelcome.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10WheredoBill'sfamilylive?A.InNewZealand. B.IntheUSA. C.InEurope.11.WhoisRuth?A.Jane'ssister. B.Jack'swife. C.Sarah'smother.12.WhenwillBill'sfamilyvisitthespeakers?A.Nextyear. B.Inthreeyears. C.Thisyear.【答案】10.A11.C12.A【解析】【原文】W:Dad,youkeeptalkingaboutafamilyinNewZealand.Whoarethey?M:Well,they'reyouruncleBill,hiswifeandtheirdaughters,SarahandJane.W:IsUncleBillyourbrother?M:No,youruncleJackismybrother,andBillismybrother-in-law,yourmom'sbrother.W:Sohistwodaughtersaremycousins?M:That'sright.SarahisyouruncleBill'solderdaughter.Whenshewasyoung,Bill'sfirstwife,RuthfromtheUSA,died.ThreeyearslaterBillmarriedagain.W:SoUncleBill'spresentwifeisJane'smotherbutnotSarah'smother,right?M:Yes.SheisSarah'sstepmother.W:Andwhenaretheycomingtovisitus?M:TheywanttotraveltoEuropenextyearandwillvisitusatthesametime.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whenwillthemanarriveatthehotel?A.OnDecember23. B.OnDecember24. C.OnDecember25.14.Howlongwillthemanstay?A.Foronenight. B.Fortwonights. C.Forthreenights.15.Howmuchwillthemanpayintotal?A.$590. B.$1，080. C.$1，180.16.Whatkindofroomdoesthemanbook?AAroomwithtwinbeds. B.Aroomwithadoublebed. C.Aroomwithoutanoceanview.【答案】13.B14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,theGrandWoodwardHotel.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:I'dliketobookaroomforthefourthweekendinDecember.Doyouhaveanyrooms?W:Yes,Sir.Andwhatistheexactdateofyourarrival?M:The24th.W:Howlongwillyoubestaying?M:I'llbestayingfortwonights.W:Andwouldyoulikearoomwithtwinbedsoradoublebed?M:Adoublebed,please.W:Great.Andwouldyouprefertohavearoomwithaviewoftheocean?M:Yes,I'dloveto.What'sthepriceoftheroom?W:Yourroomis$590pernight.Nowwhatisyourname?M:CharlesHannighan.W:Alright,Mr.Hannighan.Yourroomhasbeenmadeforthe24thofDecemberforaroomwithadoublebedandviewoftheocean.Check-inisat2o'clock.Ifyouhaveanyotherquestions,pleasedonothesitatetocallus.M:Great,thankyou.W:Mypleasure.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.HowlongwasMichaelmissing?A.Formorethan3hours. B.Formorethan5hours. C.Formorethan9hours.18.WhofoundMichael?A.Astudent. B.Thepolice. C.Aneighbor.19.WherewasMichaelfound?A.Nearariver. B.Onthestreet. C.Inanemptyhouse.20.WhatwasMichaeldoingwhenhewasfound?A.Hewassleeping. B.Hewascrying. C.Hewasplaying.【答案】17.B18.A19.C20.C【解析】【原文】M:3-year-oldMichael,whowentmissingfromhishomeformorethanfivehours,wasreunitedwithhisparentsonMondayafternoonafteramiddleschoolstudentfoundhiminsideanemptyhouseinhisneighborhood.PoliceandneighborsbegansearchingforMichaelafterhewasreportedmissingonMondaymorningfromahomeinGreenwood.Theboy'sfather,whowaswatchinghim,tookanap.Whenthefatherwokeup,hecouldn'tfindhisson.Theboywaslastseenaround9：00am.Safetyofficialsarrangedforateamtosearchanearbyriver.Theneighborsworkedinteamsandwalkedthroughthestreetsofthedistrictinanefforttobringthemissingchildhomesafe.WhentheyoungstudentfoundMichael,hewasplayingalonewithoutcrying.Policesaidtheboywalkedtothenearbyhomeandenteredthroughanunlockeddoor.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AAdayawayfromthestressofcitylife!Aperfectexperiencefornaturelovers!OurOne—DaytourwilltakeyoutoseethemostbeautifulsunsetandsunriseatthetopofMt.Huangshan（YellowMountainScheduleEarlyinthemorning:takethecablecartothetopofthemountaintoseethebreathtakingsunriseatCloudDispellingPavilion.Lateinthemorning:VisitsuchfamousplacesastheSixinfengPeak,theBlackTigerpinetree,theWritingBrushPeakortheXihaiScenicArea.Atnoon:haveatraditionalChineselunchatahotelonthetopofthemountain.Intheafternoon:gotothecitycentreofHuangshanandtakeawalkalongTunxiOldStreet,wheretraditionaloldbuildingslinethequietstreet.Intheevening:ReturntotheCloudDispellingPavilliontoenjoythesunset.Price:$327What'sincludedProfessionalandfriendlyEnglish-speakingtourguide;Breakfast,lunch,dinner;Allentrancefees;CablecarfeestoandfromtheCloudDispellingPavillion;TwonightsatBeihaihotelorsimilarstandardhotels;Hotelpickupanddrop-off.What'snotincludedExpensestoandfromMt.LocalChinese-speakingtourguide;Otherattractionsnotincludedintheschedule.21.Whereshouldthetouristsgotoseethesunsetandsunrise?A.SixinfengPeak. B.XihaiScenicArea.C.CloudDispellingPavilion. D.WritingBrushPeak.22.WhenwillthetouristsgotoTunxiOldStreet?A.Inthemorning. B.Atnoon. C.Intheafternoon. D.Intheevening.23.Thisone-daytourismostprobablysuitablefor.A.theBritish B.theChinese C.theDutch D.theGermans【答案】21.C22.C23.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了一个黄山的一日游旅行，介绍了日程安排和费用包含项目。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据Schedule部分中Earlyinthemorning:takethecablecartothetopofthemountaintoseethebreathtakingsunriseatCloudDispellingPavilion.可知清晨：乘缆车到山顶看清云亭的日出。由此可知，游客应该去消云亭看日出日落。故选C。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据Schedule部分中Intheafternoon:gotothecitycentreofHuangshanandtakeawalkalongTunxiOldStreet,wheretraditionaloldbuildingslinethequietstreet.可知下午：前往黄山市中心，沿屯溪老街散步，安静的街道两旁是传统的老建筑。由此可知，游客们下午会去屯溪老街。故选C。【23题详解】推理判断题。根据What'sincluded部分中ProfessionalandfriendlyEnglish-speakingtourguide可知专业友善的英语导游。由此可推知，这种一日游提供英语导游，结合选项可知最适合英国人。故选A。BMybodyhitthewaterwithapoundingandIsuddenlyfeltafraidthatterriblethingscouldhappen.Watergushed（涌出）throughmymouthandleftitssaltytaste.MyfeettouchedthegroundasIattemptedtofloatbackuptothesurface.IcouldseethespeedboatsinthedistanceandIstartedtopanic.Isawsomethinggrayfromadistancecomingcloserandcloser.Asitapproachedme,Irealizedthatitwasnotagoodone-itwasaSHARK!Itsfin（鳍）wasmovingcloserandIattemptedtoswimasfastandasfarawayfromitaspossible.Myheartbeatfasterandfasterasmybodygotallstiff（僵硬的）.Ilookedbehindmeandsawthehugesharpteethpointingdirectlyatme.AsIturnedaway,Iheardjawsshutwithamightybite!Thesharkturnedawayandleftmealone.Ilookedatmyfeetandsawbrightredbloodflowintothewater.Icleaneditwithsomewaterandathoughtwentintomymind-sharksloveblood,andthatwasnotgoodforme.Iknewmorefinsweresurroundingmefromeverydirection.Iwasstuckinthemiddleoftheocean,surroundedbyabouttensharksandtheywereallheadingforme.Theyallstaredatmewiththeirwhitesharpteethstickingout,readytoattack.Slowerandslowertheygotreadytobite.JustthenIheardanengineheadingmywayandIsawaspeedboatpushingsomeheavywavesaway.Asitcamecloser,Isawatallmandrivingit.Theengineroaredinmyearsanditbegantoscarethesharksaway.Astheyswamaway,Ibegantomakemywaybacktotheshore.TheboatspedtowardsmeandIslowlyclimbedonit.Withreliefweheadedbacktowardstheshore.24.Whatdidtheauthordowhenthefirstsharkcameclosetohim/her?A.He/Shehittheshark. B.He/Shetriedtoswimawayfast.C.He/Shediveddeepintothewater. D.He/Shestayedinthewaterquietly.25.Whydidthesharksfinallyswimawaywithoutattackingtheauthor?A.Theenginedrovethemaway. B.Amanscaredthemaway.C.Theycouldn'tfindtheauthor. D.Theyfoundanewtarget.26.Howdidtheauthorfeelintheend?A.Frightened. B.Nervous. C.Anxious. D.Relaxed.27.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AnExcitingTrip B.AHelpfulSpeedBoatC.AnUnforgettableExperience D.ABraveTallMan【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了自己在海里游泳时遭遇鲨鱼的一次遇险经历。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Iattemptedtoswimasfastandasfarawayfromitaspossible.(我尽可能地游快远离鲨鱼)”可知，作者发现鲨鱼后，加速游泳远离它。故选B。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Theengineroaredinmyearsanditbegantoscarethesharksaway.(发动机的声音在我的耳边尖叫咆哮，将鲨鱼吓跑)”可知，鲨鱼没有攻击作者是由于发动机的声音将它们吓跑。故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Withreliefweheadedbacktowardstheshore.(我们回到海滨，感到如释重负）”可知，作者最后脱离危险，感到放松。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲述了自己在海里游泳时遭遇鲨鱼的一次遇险经历。因此C.AnUnforgettableExperience(一次难忘的经历）概括全文，故选C。CAJourneytotheYosemiteFirefallEachyear,thousandsofpeopleareattractedtotheYosemiteNationalParkinCaliforniaforachanceofseeing—andphotographing—theunique“firefall”.Theamazing“firefall”comestolifeonlywhenthereisenoughwaterfromthemelting(融化)snowtokeeptheHorsetailFallflowingandwhenthelightofthesettingsunhitsthewaterfallattherightangle.ItcanonlybeseenforashorttimeinFebruaryonclearsunnydays.Thisyear,theweatherisn’tstoppingthe“firefall”fromhappening,butitismakingthejourneytoseeitmoredifficult.“Whatwouldhavebeena10-minutewalkturnedintoatwo-hourhikethroughdeepsnow?”photographerRyanFitzsimonssaidabouthisrecenttriptoseethephenomenon.“Ourclotheswereallwetbythetimewegottoaviewingsite.Buttheheavysnowmadethesightmuchmorebeautifulsincethewaterfallismuchbiggerthisyear.”AnotherphotographerAndyHeitzwasmakinghisfirsttriptoseethe“firefall”.Hehadtowaitfivehoursintheextremecoldforhisturntotakeapicture.“Igottothesiteatabout12:00atnoon.Theplacewasalreadyfilledwithhundredsofpeoplewaitingtoseeandphotographthe‘firefall’.IwassoluckythatIshotareallywonderfulburner!IwascompletelyamazedwithwhatIsaw,”hesaid.“Youknow,onlyonacoupledaysoftheyearinFebruaryandwhenthesunsetsdownattheperfectangletoshineonYosemite’sHorsetailFallcanweseethe‘FireFall’.I’llneverforgetwhatIhaveseen.”The“firefall”shouldcontinuetobetherefrom20to24February.Butparkofficialssaidthatthere’snoguarantee(保证)thatvisitorswillseeitonanygivenday.28.Whenmightbethebesttimetotakepicturesofthe“firefall”?A.Earlyinthemorning. B.Atnoon.C.Lateintheafternoon. D.Atnight.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“burner”inparagraph5referto?A.Aworkerinthekitchen.B.ThefireintheYosemiteNationalPark.C.Apartofacookerorstove.D.TheuniqueHorsetailFallinthesettingsun.30.Whymightthe“firefall”disappearbetween20to24Februarythisyear?A.Therewouldn’tbeenoughsnow. B.Itmightbetoocloudy.C.Thewaterfallmightnotfreeze. D.Thesnowmightmettoofast.31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?A.Tointroduceanattraction. B.Togivesuggestionsforatrip.C.ToadvertiseaparkintheUS. D.Toexplainwhatisa“firefall”.【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国加州约塞米蒂的“火瀑布”。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Theamazing“firefall”comestolifeonlywhenthereisenoughwaterfromthemelting(融化)snowtokeeptheHorsetailFallflowingandwhenthelightofthesettingsunhitsthewaterfallattherightangle.”可知，只有当融雪中有足够的水来保持马尾瀑布的流动，当夕阳以合适的角度照射到瀑布时，神奇的“火瀑布”才会出现。由此可知，“火瀑布”形成于日落时分，也是最好的拍照时间。故选C。【29题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词所在句子后面内容“Youknow,onlyonacoupledaysoftheyearinFebruaryandwhenthesunsetsdownattheperfectangletoshineonYosemite’sHorsetailFallcanweseethe‘FireFall’.”可知，你知道，只有在每年2月的这几天，当太阳以完美的角度落在约塞米蒂的马尾瀑布上时，我们才能看到“火瀑布”。在划线词所在的句子中，摄影师安迪•海茨说“Iwassolucky(我是如此幸运)”可推知，他拍到了完美的“火瀑布”。由此推知，划线词burner指的就是TheuniqueHorsetailFallinthesettingsun.(夕阳下独特的马尾瀑布)。故选D项。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“ItcanonlybeseenforashorttimeinFebruaryonclearsunnydays.”可知，只有在二月份晴朗的晴天才会看到它。结合文章第二段中的“Buttheheavysnowmadethesightmuchmorebeautifulsincethewaterfallismuchbiggerthisyear.”可知，但是大雪使景色更加美丽，因为今年的瀑布更大了。由此可知，今年刚下了大雪，所以“火瀑布”可能会消失的原因只能是没有太阳。故选B项。【31题详解】推理判断题。结合文章的题目“AJourneytotheYosemiteFirefall(约塞米蒂“火瀑布”之旅)”和文章内容可知，文章的主要目的是介绍一个著名的景观——约塞米蒂“火瀑布”。故选A项。【点睛】细节理解题是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论，题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。一般包括直接理解题可以在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who,what,when,where,why和how等提问。做这类题一般采用寻读法，即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。如第1小题，根据第一段中的“Theamazing“firefall”comestolifeonlywhenthereisenoughwaterfromthemelting(融化)snowtokeeptheHorsetailFallflowingandwhenthelightofthesettingsunhitsthewaterfallattherightangle.”可知，只有当融雪中有足够的水来保持马尾瀑布的流动，当夕阳以合适的角度照射到瀑布时，神奇的“火瀑布”才会出现。由此可知，“火瀑布”形成于日落时分，也是最好的拍照时间。故选C。DTakeawalkdownthestreetofanycityandyouaresuretopasssignsforKFC,McDonald's,andPizzaHut.In2010,therearefastfoodrestaurantsinover650citiesthroughoutChina.Lastyear,thefastfoodindustryinChinagrew13%,comparedtojust2.9%intheUSA.Thisyear,therewereover560PizzaHuts,1,200McDonald's,and3,000KFCsthroughoutthecountry.WhyisfastfoodsopopularinChina?ThepeoplebehindKFC,McDonald's,andothercompaniesrealizedtheneedforadaptation.YoucanfinditemsinChineseKFCsthatyoucannotfindintheWest.ThatisbecausetheynotonlyrealizethatChinesepalates(味觉)aredifferent,butalsowillinglyspendthetimeandmoneytocreatenewfoodspecificallyforthosepalates.ThislocalizationofaninternationalbrandmakesfastfoodeatersinChinafeelasiftheyarepartofalargercommunity,yetcanenjoytheirregionaltastes.CuriosityalsoplayedheavilyintothepopularizationoffastfoodrestaurantsinChina.There'snobetterwaytogetpeopletoenteryourrestaurantthantohavesomethingdifferentthateveryoneiscurioustotry.ThereisalsoageneralideathatthingsfromtheWestarebetter,orifsomethingisgoodenoughforwesternpeople,itisgoodenoughforChinesepeople.ThiscouldalsohaveencouragedChinesepeople,especiallytheyoung,tofrequentlygotofastfoodrestaurants.PeoplearewillingtospendabitmoreonthesefastfoodbecauseofthegeneralconcernforfoodsafetythatseemstobebecomingmoreandmoreimportanttomostChinesepeople.Whiletherearestillcountlessfoodshopsontheroadsidethathavenogovernmentcontroloversafetystandards,therearemanypeoplewhodemandhigherhealthstandards.Theseforeignfastfoodrestaurantsthatfollowwesternstandardsoffoodsafetyattractthiscrowd.UntiltheystopprovidingwhattheChinesepeopleobviouslywant,theywillcontinuetoremainpopular.32.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theintroductiontofastfood. B.ThepopularityoffastfoodinChina.C.Thedevelopmentoffastfoodindustry. D.Thereasonsforthepopularityoffastfood.33.HowdoforeignfastfoodrestaurantsmaketheirfoodpopularinChina?A.Bychangingtheirownbrands. B.Byreducingthecostoffastfood.C.BymakingnewfoodfitforChinesepalates. D.Byopeningrestaurantsinlargecommunities.34.WhyareChinesewillingtoenterwesternfastfoodrestaurants?A.Eatingfastfoodisafashion. B.Westernfastfoodischeaper.C.Westernfoodismoredelicious. D.Theythinkwesternfastfoodissafer.35.Whereisthetextmostprobablyfrom?A.Anewsreport. B.Atravelbook. C.Asportsmagazine. D.Astorybook.【答案】32.B33.C34.D35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。本文说明了近年快餐业在中国迅速发展的原因。【32题详解】主旨大意题。通读第一段，尤其是最后两句“Lastyear,thefastfoodindustryinChinagrew13%,comparedtojust2.9%intheUSA.Thisyear,therewereover560PizzaHuts,1,200McDonald's,and3,000KFCsthroughoutthecountry.(去年，中国的快餐业增长了13%，而美国只有2.9%。今年，全国有560多家比萨饼店、1200家麦当劳和3000家肯德基)”可知，中国的快餐业仅仅去年就增长了13%，今年，全国有560多家比萨饼店、1200家麦当劳和3000家肯德基，这些数字表明中国的快餐业非常流行。因此，第一段主要讲的是B项“ThepopularityoffastfoodinChina.(快餐在中国的流行)”符合题意，故选B项。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“WhyisfastfoodsopopularinChina?ThepeoplebehindKFC,McDonald's,andothercompaniesrealizedtheneedforadaptation.YoucanfinditemsinChineseKFCsthatyoucannotfindintheWest.ThatisbecausetheynotonlyrealizethatChinesepalatesaredifferent,butalsowillinglyspendthetimeandmoneytocreatenewfoodspecificallyforthosepalates.(为什么快餐在中国如此受欢迎?肯德基、麦当劳和其他公司背后的人意识到了适应的必要性。你可以在中国的肯德基找到在西方找不到的东西。这是因为他们不仅意识到中国人口味是不同的，但也愿意花时间和金钱，创造新的食物，特别是那些口味)”可知，外国快餐店意识到了适应中国人口味的必要性，也愿意花时间和金钱创造新食物迎合中国人的口味。因此，外国快餐店使其食品在中国流行的方式是通过制作适合中国人口味的新食物。故选C项。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Whiletherearestillcountlessfoodshopsontheroadsidethathavenogovernmentcontroloversafetystandards,therearemanypeoplewhodemandhigherhealthstandards.Theseforeignfastfoodrestaurantsthatfollowwesternstandardsoffoodsafetyattractthiscrowd.(尽管路边仍有无数食品店没有政府对安全标准的控制，但仍有许多人要求更高的健康标准。这些遵循西方食品安全标准的外国快餐店吸引了这群人)”可知，许多人认为路边许多食品店不够安全卫生，而遵循西方食品安全标准的外国快餐店吸引了他们，他们认为西式快餐更安全。因此，中国人愿意进入西式快餐店的原因是他们认为西式快餐更安全。故选D项。【35题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“In2010,therearefastfoodrestaurantsinover650citiesthroughoutChina.Lastyear,thefastfoodindustryinChinagrew13%,comparedtojust2.9%intheUSA.Thisyear,therewereover560PizzaHuts,1,200McDonald's,and3,000KFCsthroughoutthecountry.(2010年，中国650多个城市都有快餐店。去年，中国的快餐业增长了13%，而美国只有2.9%。今年，全国有560多家比萨饼店、1200家麦当劳和3000家肯德基)”可知，本文用详尽的数据表明中国快餐业发展迅速，陈述了外国快餐店在中国受到欢迎的原因，很可能来自新闻报道。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。SafeandEasyWorkoutsforSeniorsAsyougetolder,it’simportanttoremainactiveandnottoforgetyourhealth.Thereareplentyofall-timebestexercisesforweightloss,butnotallareperfectforolderindividualshopingtobreakasweat.___36___Youmightbelievethatcertainworkouts,likepushups(俯卧撑),areonlyfortheyoung.Infact,theycanbechangedtobestsuitsomeone’sdesireddifficultylevel.___37___Keepyourbackstraightandbendyourelbows,bringingyourchesttowardthewall,andpressback.Repeatasdesired.Overheadarmraisescanbenefitseniorswithjoint(关节)pain.Usingaweightedobjectsuchasabottleofwater,positionyourselfshoulder-widthapart.Withyourshouldersbackandarmsliftedto90degrees,breatheoutasyouliftthebottlesoveryourheadandbreatheinasyouloweryourarms.___38___Enduranceworkoutsincreaseyourbreathingandgetyourheartpumping.Dancingcanimprovethehealthofyourheartandlungsandkeepyouhealthyasyouperformdailytasks.___39___Thegoalistobuilduptoatleast150minutesofactivityaweekthatmakesyoubreathehard.___40___Higherdailystepcountshavealsobeenlinkedwithlowerall-causemortality(死亡率).Itcanalsokeepyouhealthyasyouobservenatureinyourownbackyard.Scheduleadailywalkintoyoureverydayroutine.Thissimpleactivitycankeepyourhearthealthy,keepyouenergeticandimproveyourmood.A.Takingawalkoutsidecanchangeyourlife.B.Drinkenoughwatereachtimeyouworkout.C.Startclosetothewall,handstouchingthewall.D.Putonyourfavoritesong(s)andmovetothebeat.E.Iftheyseemtoolight,findaslightlyheavierobject.F.Regularexerciseisamusttoeveryone,seniorsincluded.G.Soherearesomeperfectworkoutsforseniorsaged50andup.【答案】36.G37.C38.E39.D40.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文，主要为50岁以上的人介绍了几种安全容易的锻炼方式。【36题详解】根据上句“Thereareplentyofall-timebestexercisesforweightloss,butnotallareperfectforolderindividualshopingtobreakasweat.(有很多有史以来最好的减肥运动，但并不是所有的都适合希望流汗的老年人)”可知，空格处将引出适合于年长的人的锻炼方式。因此G选项“这里有一些适合于50岁以上的人的锻炼方式。”符合语境。故选G。【37题详解】根据下句“Keepyourbackstraightandbendyourelbows,bringingyourchesttowardthewall,andpressback.(使你的后背直立。弯曲你的肘部，使胸部贴朝墙，往后压)”可知此处讲具体的锻炼方式。因此C选项“接近墙，用手去碰墙。”符合语境。故选C。【38题详解】根据上句“Usingaweightedobjectsuchasabottleofwater,positionyourselfshoulder-widthapart.Withyourshouldersbackandarmsliftedto90degrees,breatheoutasyouliftthebottlesoveryourheadandbreatheinasyouloweryourarms.(使用一个加重的物体，如一瓶水，使自己与肩同宽。肩膀向后，手臂抬高至90度，当你将瓶子举国头顶时，呼出气；当你放低手臂时，吸气)”可知，上文建议举着重物（例如一瓶水）锻炼。因此E选项“如果这些东西太轻，找一个重一点的东西。”符合语境。故选E。【39题详解】根据上句“Dancingcanimprovethehealthofyourheartandlungsandkeepyouhealthyasyouperformdailytasks.(跳舞能改善你心肺功能，当你完成日常任务时，让你保持健康)”可知，跳舞时需要音乐。因此D选项“打开你喜爱的歌曲，跟随音乐节奏运动。”符合语境。故选D。【40题详解】根据下文“Higherdailystepcountshavealsobeenlinkedwithlowerall-causemortality(死亡率).Itcanalsokeepyouhealthyasyouobservenatureinyourownbackyard.(较高的每日步数也与较低的全因死亡率有关。当你在自家后院观察自然时，就能让你保持健康)”可知，走路多，全因死亡率低，说明要多去外面走走。因此A选项“常去外面散步可以改变你的生活。”符合语境。故选A。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Anoldladyandahighschoolstudenthaveformedawonderfulfriendshipthroughaprogramthatconnectsseniorswithyoungpeople.MyrtleMacDonald,99,___41___forthelocalprogramafterfeeling___42___duringthepandemic(流行病).Shewas___43___withJaelynBrown,17,basedontheircommon___44___—nursing.“IjustfoundhermoreinterestedandlessinahurrythanI___45___.Ithasfilledanemptyspot,”saidMacDonald.MacDonald,aformer___46___,spentmuchofherlifelivinginotherpartsoftheworld___47___peopleinneed.ThestoriesareencouragingtoBrown,whoalso___48___tobecomeanurse."Inhighschooltheykindofsayyougotoschool,yougeta___49___,youhavekids.It'sanormalthing.Buttalkingtoherhasmademe_____50_____Idon'thavetolimit(局限)myselftoonething.I_____51_____haveitall,”shesaid.Forthehighschoolstudentstakingpart,thetimespentwith_____52_____canbeusedasvolunteerhoursneededfor_____53_____.They'resupposedtospeakfor30minuteseachweek,_____54_____manygofarbeyondthat."Iloveandlookforwardtogettingtotalkto_____55_____everyweek.Wetalkaboutanhourand15minutes.Thetimejustgoesbyso_____56_____,"saidBrown.Theprogramhasbeen_____57_____bothseniorsandhighschoolstudents._____58_____thepandemic,seniorscan'tmeetwiththeir_____59_____incitiesandstudentsarehavingtroublegettingtheirvolunteer_____60_____.41.A.madeup B.lookedup C.signedup D.dressedup42.A.lonely B.curious C.excited D.friendly43.A.compared B.paired C.decorated D.kept44.A.habit B.interest C.experience D.opinion45.A.received B.ordered C.decided D.expected46.A.nurse B.doctor C.farmer D.engineer47.A.forgetting B.knowing C.following D.helping48.A.hates B.wants C.refuses D.happens49.A.home B.chance C.job D.car50.A.realize B.imagine C.regret D.remember51.A.can't B.needn't C.must D.can52.A.parents B.classmates C.seniors D.teachers53.A.satisfaction B.graduation C.education D.connection54.A.but B.so C.or D.unless55.A.it B.them C.her D.him56.A.differently B.happily C.slowly D.quickly57.A.hurting B.benefiting C.training D.protecting58.A.Suchas B.Accordingto C.Insteadof D.Becauseof59.A.neighbors B.partners C.families D.enemies60.A.hours B.seconds C.days D.months【答案】41.C42.A43.B44.B45.D46.A47.D48.B49.C50.A51.D52.C53.B54.A55.C56.D57.B58.D59.C60.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了老人与高中生通过当地的一个项目成为忘年交的故事。【41题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：99岁的默特尔·麦克唐纳在疫情期间感到孤独，于是报名参加了当地的这个项目。A.madeup编造；B.lookedup查询；C.signedup报名参加；D.dressedup打扮。根据“afterfeeling___2___duringthepandemic（流行病）.”可知，老人默特尔·麦克唐纳因为疫情期间感到孤独，所以报名参加当地的一个项目。故选C。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：99岁的默特尔·麦克唐纳在疫情期间感到孤独，于是报名参加了当地的这个项目。A.lonely孤独的；B.curious好奇的；C.excited激动的；D.friendly友好的。根据“duringthepandemic（流行病）”可知，故选A。【43题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和17岁的杰琳·布朗是搭档，因为他们都有共同的兴趣——护理。A.compared比较；B.paired配对；C.decorated装饰；D