Unit8Pets知识点语法精讲牛津译林版英语七年级下册

Unit8Pets知识点+语法精讲一、语法讲解一）形容词形容词是用来修饰名词和代词，表示人和或事物的性质、特征、状态或属性的词。1、adj.+n.形容词修饰名词，放在名词前作定语。Itwasawindyday.Canyouhearastrangenoise?2、系动词+adj.形容词作表语，放在系动词后面。系动词有：一be,二保持keep,stay，三变bee,turnget,五个感官look,smell,feel,sound,taste,等。Sheishonestandhelpful.Thegardenlookssobeautiful.3、不定代词+adj.作后置定语修饰不定代词。Thereisnothingwrongwithmyputer.4、keep/make+宾语+adj.作宾语补足语Weshouldkeeptheroomclean.二）不定代词我们常用不定代词指代某个不特定的人或物。不定代词some常用于肯定句。疑问句中，如果希望得到对方肯定的回答，也会用some。somebody/someone表示“某人”，something表示“某物”。Thereissomebody/someoneatthedoor.Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink?不定代词any常用于否定句或疑问句。anybody/anyone表示“某人”，anything表示“某物”。Didyouseeanybody/anyonethere?Ididn’tseeanybody/anyone.不定代词no有否定含义，noone表示“没有人”，nobody=notanyone,nothing=notanything。Isawnobodythere.Ididnotseeanybody/anyonethere.Thereisnothinginthebox.Noonewouldliketogothere.不定代词every可以用于各种句式中。everybody/everyone的意思是“每个人，人人”，everything的意思是“每件事，一切”。Iseverybody/everyonehere?Everythingisready.【举一反三】1.Ican’tfindmywatch,butitmustbe_____inthisroom.A.everywhereB.nowhereC.anywhereD.somewhere2.Ican’tfind_________intoday’snewspaper.A.somethinginterestingB.interestingsomethingC.anythinginterestingD.interestinganything3.Thestoryissoamazing!ButI’mafraiditwon’tbelikedby______.A.everybodyB.somebodyC.anybodyD.nobody4.Be_____.Makesurenottomakethesamespellingmistakenexttime.A.peacefulB.carefulC.helpfulD.nice5.There’s______wrongwithTom’sleg.Weshouldsendhimtothehospitalatonce.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing6.Don’teatthefood.It_____.A.smellsbadlyB.smellsbadC.smellsgoodD.smellswell7.Theexamisveryeasy,butIdon’tthink____canpassit.A.anybodyB.everybodyC.nobodyD.somebody二、知识点精讲Weletotheunit1.Pleasebringmesomethingtoeat.(过去式brought)请给我拿些吃的东西。bringsbsth=bringsthtosb不定代词＋todo给我一些吃的东西2.Howrudeyouare!你真粗鲁！rude作形容词，意为“粗鲁的，不礼貌的”。It'srudeofyoutosayso.how引导的感叹句句型：How+形容词/副词+(主语+谓语）！Howfastheruns!Howkindthegirlis!3.Ilovemyparrotbecausehecansing,andIwanttoteachhimtospeak.我爱我的鹦鹉，因为他会唱歌，我还想教他说话。teachsb.sth.教某人某事MissChenteachesmeEnglish.teachsb.todosth.教某人做某事Howinterestingitistoteachaparrottospeak!teachsb.howtodosth.教某人如何做某事Canyouteachmehowtodraw?teachoneselftodosth.=learntodosth.byoneself自学做某事Itaughtmyselfhowtoskate.=Ilearnedhowtoskatebymyself.4.goldfish：n.“金鱼”，单复数同形。fish：“鱼”。表示鱼的条数时，单复数同形；表示鱼的种类时，复数：fishes；表示“鱼肉”时，不可数名词。5.Ilikewatchingthemswimaround.我喜欢看它们游来游去。watchsb./sth.dosth.：“看见某人/某物做某事”（强调动作的经常性或者看到动作的全过程）。watchsb.doingsth.：“看到某人正在做某事”（强调动作正在进行）。around：adv.“到处；在周围”。swimaround“游来游去”。lookaround“到处看看”；walkaround“四处逛逛”；turnaround“转身”；show...around“引领……参观”。Reading1.Mydogisthecleverestanimalofall.我的狗是所有动物中最聪明的。形容词最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较。最高级前面一般加定冠词the。（二者之间用比较级）。2.Hedoesn’tjustrunafteraball.他不只是追着一个球跑。3.Witheyesopenwide,hehuntswhenIhide.当我躲起来的时候，他睁大眼睛来找我。介词短语witheyesopenwide表示伴随情况，在句中作状语。它的结构是with+名词或代词（宾格）+分词/形容词/副词/介词短语/不定式。Theteachercameinwithabookinhishand.wide：adv.“充分地”。作形容词，“宽广的，宽阔的”。辨析：wide/widelywide：表示实际意义上的“宽”，“充分地”。widely：表示抽上意义上的“宽”，“广泛地；普遍地”。4.Hedoeswonderfultricks.他玩精彩的把戏。trick：n.“诡计，把戏”。playatrickonsb.“捉弄某人”。5.Hedoeswonderfultricks,buildsmecampsoutofsticks.他表演精彩的魔术，用树枝给我搭帐篷。buildsbsthoutofsth用某物给某人建...=use...tobuild...building：n.“建筑物；大楼”。stick：n.“枝条，树枝；棍，棒”。作动词，“粘住，坚持”。过去式：stuck。6.He’dneverbarkorbite,andhedoesn’tliketofight.它从不叫，也不咬人，也不喜欢打斗。fightwithsb.和某人打架haveafightwithsb.7.Iwilllookafterhimuntiltheend.我将照顾他一直到最后。lookafter...well=takegoodcareof...照顾好...until意为“直到...时候”，相当于till,但until比till更加正式，until多用于句首。not...until...直到...才...Shedidn’thearfromhersonuntillastFriday.直到爸爸回来我们才吃饭。end作名词，意为“末尾，终点”;作动词，意为“终止，结束”。attheendof在...尽头/末端intheend=atlast=finally最后，终于8.Sheisn’tanytrouble.她不惹麻烦。trouble：n.“麻烦；困难”。beintrouble“遇到麻烦，处于困难中”。outoftrouble“脱离困难”。havetrouble(in)doingsth.“做某事有困难”。What’sthetroublewithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?=What’sthematterwithyou?“你怎么了？”9.Shedoesn’tneedagentletouch.她不需要温柔的抚摸。gentle：adj.“温柔的，温和的”=soft。gently：adv.“温柔地”。gentleman：“先生；绅士”。touch：n.“触摸，碰”；v.“触摸；感动”；“联系”。keepintouchwithsb.“和某人保持联系”=stayintouchwithsb。10.Somepeopleareafraidofhim.一些人害怕他。beafraidofsth.害怕某物Thelittlegirlisafraidofdogs.beafraidtodosth.害怕去做某事Sheisafraidtogooutaloneatnight.beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事Shewasafraidofwakingherson.Grammar1.Heisveryclever,andhecanrepeatmywords.他非常聪明，会重复我说的话。repeat：v.“重复”=sayagain/doagain。（不能与again连用）2.Heishappyallthetime.他总是很高兴。allthetime：“一直，总是”=always。time相关短语：attimes“偶尔，不时”；atthesametime“同时”；intime“及时”；ontime“按时”。3.Idon’tagree.我不同意。agree：v.“同意；应允”。agreetodosth.“同意做某事”。agreewith“同意…意见”4.There’snothingwrongwithkeepingasnakeifyoulikeit.如果你喜欢，养蛇没有问题。keep：v.“饲养”=feed。“保留，保持”；“借用”。Integratedskills1.Agoldfishweighsabout40grams.一条金鱼重约40克。weigh作动词，意为“重；承重；称…的重量”。weighupto重达…weight作名词，意为“体重；重量”。What’stheweightofthewatermelon（西瓜）?＝Howmuchdoesthewatermelonweigh？提问重量：Howmuchdoessth.weigh?/What’stheweightofsth.?/Howheavyissth.?2.Goldfisharequiteandeasytolookafter.金鱼很安静且容易照料。主语+be+adj.todo＝It+be+adj.+todosth.Thetextiseasytounderstand.=Itiseasytounderstandthetext.英语学起来很简单。3.Theycangrowupto20centimeterslong.他们可以长大到20厘米长。growup成长，长大growuptobe…长成…4.Dotheymakeanynoise?它们会发出噪音吗？noise：不可数名词，“噪音；声音”。makeanoise“发出声音”。noisy：adj.“吵闹的，嘈杂的”。辨析：noise/voice/soundnoise：“噪音”。voice：“嗓音”。sound：“声音”（泛指听到的任何声音）。5.TherearemillionsofwebsitesontheInternet.互联网上有数以百万计的网站。millions：n.“百万；百万个”。当million前面有具体的数词，million用单数，后不接of；millionsof“数百万的”，前面不可以用具体的数词。6.Dogslikeexercisealot,sowewalkhiminthepark.狗喜欢运动，所以我们在公园遛它。exercise(v.)=dosomeexercise(n.)做一些运动walkthedog＝takethedogforawalk遛狗Task1.Whatdoesitlooklike?它看上去什么样？Whatdoes...looklike?用来询问人或物的外貌特征。Whatis...like?用来询问外貌特征或性格特征。Whatdoes...like?用来询问喜欢什么？2.Sheneverworriesbecausewetakegoodcareofher.她从不烦恼，因为我们把她照顾得很好。worry：v.“（使）烦恼；（使）担心”。worryabout“担心……，为……感到担忧”=beworriedabout。worried：adj.“担心的，烦恼的”。三、习题巩固一、词汇1.Myrabbitlikestosleeponmy___________(膝)everyafternoon.2.Whydoyoulike___________(鹦鹉)？BecauseIliketheircolourfulfeathers.3.Nobodywantstomakefriendswithhim,becauseheistoo__________(粗鲁的).4.Ilikedogsverymuch.Iwanttokeeponeasmyp___________.5.Iliketoh___________mymouseinmyhand,becauseitissmallandsoft.6.Millielikeswatchingthegoldfish___________(swim)around.7.Therearelotsof___________(mouse)inthatoldhouse.8.Iwanttoteachit___________(sing)thissong.9.After___________(feed)allthepigsyesterdayevening,thepoorboybegantodohomework.10.—DoyouknowLiBai?—Ofcourse.Hewrotemanyfamous（诗歌）.11.Hetaughtmehowtousesome(枝条)tomakeafire.12.Atthe(终点)oftheroad,there’sashoppingcentre.13.Leowantedtocatchthecat,butitranawayand(藏)behindthebushesinthegarden.14.Doesyourpetdogoftenmake（麻烦）?15.Don’t(打架),boys!16.He(触摸)meonmyheadjustnow.17.Look！Thesefishare（吐泡泡）intheriver.Howinterestingtheyare！18.ProjectHopehelps(建造)newschoolsforthechildreninpoorareas.19.Alotofpeoplelikecatsbecausetheyare(friend).20.Ithinkmydogisthe(clever)animalofall.21.Gasisnow（wide）usedforcookingandheating.22.Mygoldfishisa__________(wonder)pet,isn’tit?23.Oursschoolliesinthe__________(west)partofthecity.24.TheOxfordEnglishChineseDictionaryis__________(use)tous.25.Thepeopleonthefarmarequite__________(friend).26.Somepeoplethinkthirteenisnota__________(luck)number.27.Jack____________(养)somecatswhenhewasyoung.Hetookgoodcareofthemallthetime.28.Wouldyouliketo______________(重复)mywords?29.Pleasesit________________(任何地方).Thereareplentyofseatshere.30.Thetwins________________(同意)withusatthemeetingyesterday.31.The____________(鹦鹉)areverycleverandtheyevencanspeak.32.It’simportantforus________________(notfeed)ittoomuchfood.33.Hehastrouble_______________(keep)asnakeasapetbecauseheisafraidofit.34.Thebear's_________________（毛）isverythick（厚）.Itkeepsthemwarminwinter.35.Agoldfishisabout20_______________（克）.36.Canyouhelpme_____________（喂）mygoldfish?1willbeawayforalongtime.37.Howmany_____________（厘米）longistheruler?Letmesee.38.Mygrandpaenjoys_____________（遛）hisdoginthemorningeveryday.39.Iwilllookaftermysickpettillthe_____________（最后）.40.Theyaregoingtolistentoa_____________（讲座）aboutpetstomorrow.二、改写句子1.Theoldmandidn’thearanything.(改为同义句)Theoldman.2.Mymotherfeedsthepettortoisetwiceaday.(对划线部分提问)doesyourmotherthepettortoise?3.Shespenttwohoursbrushingherdog.(对划线部分提问)shespendherdog?4.Thedriverisrudetohispassenger(乘客).（感叹句)thedriveristohispassenger!5.Ihaveasisterandsheis11yearsold.(改为同义句)Ihavesister.6.Mr.Wangfeedshissnakeeveryweek.(对划线部分提问)____________________Mr.Wang_______hissnake?7.Theboyisrude.(感叹句)___________theboyis!三、同义句转换1.HehuntswhenIhide.He________everywhere________mewhenIhide.2.Thatdoglikeschasing(追赶)cats.Thatdoglikes________________cats.3.Lookafteryourpetwell.________________________________yourpet.4.Westayedathomebecausetheweatherwasbad.Westayedathome________________thebadweather.5.Johnoftenusessomewoodtomakesomemodelplanes.Johnoften________somemodelplanes________________somewood.四、完形填空Ahungrywolfwaswalkingaroundintheevening.Hemetadog.Thedogwasfatandlookedhappy.Thewolfmade1withthedog.“Youarelookingbetter.Itseemsyouarehappyandsatisfied.Yourskinissonice.Youhavebeenfed2withnicefood,”saidthewolf.“Well,myfriend,mylifeissimple.I3mymaster’shouse.Hefeedsmefourtimesaday.IhavebeengivenasmallhousewhereIsleepwell.Idon’thaveany4.”“Thenyourlifeisgood.Ialsowishthesame.ButyouseeIamalwayshungry.Youseemybones.Iamfedvery5.”“OK,then.ewithme.Livewithme.Youwillalsobehappy,”saidthedog.Thewolf6.Bothofthemreachedthehousewherethedoglived.Bothwerehappy.7thewolfenteredthehouse,hehappenedtoseethetopofthedog’s8.Hefoundnofurthere.“Whyistherenofuronyourneck?”Thewolfaskedthedog.“Oh,mydearfriend.9doyouaskit?Mymasterputsabelt(皮带)aroundmyneck.Thebelt10theneckwhilethebeltistiedtoachain(链子).Mymasterpullsitandpushesme11myhouse,”saidthedog.“What?”thewolfsaidanddidn’tenterfurther.Hewas12tohearwhatthedogsaid.“Friend,letme13.Iamnotjealous(羡慕的)aboutyou.Youeatgoodfood.Butyouare14here.Mybonesarethin,butIam15inmyworld.IcangoanywhereIlike.Thankyou.Ishallreturntomyforest.”1.A.money B.friends C.progress D.faces2.A.badly B.carelessly C.properly D.cleverly3.A.watch B.own C.build D.fix4.A.dreams B.difficulties C.goals D.thoughts5.A.much B.well C.often D.little6.A.succeeded B.won C.agreed D.wondered7.A.If B.Since C.As D.Though8.A.neck B.back C.leg D.head9.A.How B.When C.Where D.Why10.A.moves B.rubs C.cuts D.burns11.A.on B.in C.onto D.into12.A.surprised B.pleased C.worried D.interested13.A.lookup B.ein C.goback D.breakdown14.A.hit B.tied C.killed D.fed B.poor C.famous D.free五、阅读理解APetslikedogsandcatsareusuallypopularwithpeople.Ifyoukeepadogoracat,doyoualwaysturnontheradioorTVwhenyou’renotinjustbecauseyoudon’twantyourpettobelonely(孤单的)?Astudyshowsthataround40%oftheBritishpeoplewithdogswouldliketoturntheradioandthat32%wouldliketoturnonthetelevision.Butdopetsreallylikethis?Sometimesdogsdorespond(作出反应)tohuman(人类)music.Astudyshowsthatwhenthereislightmusicplaying,manydogsseemtobequiet.Whenitestorockmusic,thosedogsseemtobeveryexcited;theymakelittleresponsetopopularmusicandhumantalk.Forcats,theyhardly(几乎不)respondtohumanmusicbecausetheirhearingspectrum(频谱)isdifferentfromthatofhumans,sowhattheyhearwhentheylistentoourmusicisdifferentfromwhatwehear.Somestudiesshowthatcatsrespondtothesoundswithintheirownhearingspectrum.Scientistsoncetriedtoseewhatwouldhappeniftheyplayed“catmusic”forthecats.TheyaskedProfessor(教授)DavidTeietomakespecialmusicforcats.Anditshowedthatwhenthey’replayingitto47cats,somecatsdidrespondtoit.So,you’dbetterplaydifferentmusicforyourpets.Goodnewsforcatloversisthatyoucanbuysuchspecialcatmusiconline.DavidTeieoncetookpartinthecatstudyandhewrotecatmusicforsaleonline.1.WhydosomepeopleleavetheradioorTVonfortheirpet?A.Todoastudyonpets. B.Tostopitbeingnoisy.C.Tomakeitlesslonely. D.Tomakeitlovemusic.2.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Whydogsrespondtosomemusic. B.Howtomakedogsrespondtomusic.C.Howdogsrespondtodifferentmusic. D.Whatsoundsdogswouldliketohear.3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Petsliketolistentothesamemusic. B.Catshavelittleinterestinhumanmusic.C.DavidTeie’sjobistosellthingsonline. D.Thecatmusiccanmakepeopleexcited.4Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Howcanwelookafterpets? B.Whatkindofmusicdodogslove?C.Wherecanwebuyspecialcatmusic? D.Dodogsandcatslikehumanmusic?BPaulisfromtheUSA.Heis76yearsoldandliveswithadogcalledKelsey.Severaldaysago,whenhewentoutbyhimselftocollectwood,hefelldownandbrokehisneck.Itwasasnowyday.ThetemperaturewasbelowzerobutPauljustworeashirtandshorts.Helayinthesnowforover10hours.Thankstohisdog,hedidn’tdie.Thedogkepthimwarmthroughthenightandbarkedforhelp.“Ishoutedforhelp,butmynearestneighborisaboutaquarterofamileaway.Itwas10:30p.m.,andKelseycame,”saidPaul.KelseykeptPaulwarmbylyingonthetopofhim,andkepthimawakebylicking(舔)hishandsandface.“Shekeptbarkingforhelpandneverleftmyside.Bythenextmorning,mythroatwassoreandIcouldn’tshoutforhelp.ButKelseydidn’tstopbarking,”Pauladded.Finally,Paul’sneighborfoundhimafterhearingKelsey’sbarksandcalled120rightaway.WhenPaularrivedatthehospital,hisbodytemperaturewasverylow,buthedidn’thaveanyfrostbite(冻疮).Thedoctorsaid,“Hisdogreallyhelpedhim.Hewaslucky.”1.WhathappenedwhenPaulwentouttocollectwood?A.Hisdogranoutofhishouse. B.Heforgottowearthickclothes.C.Hefelldownandbrokehisneck. D.Helockedhisdogoutofthehouse.2.WhatdidKelseydotosavePaul’slife?①FoundPaul’sneighbor.②KeptPaulwarm.③KeptPaulawake.④Barkedforhelp.A.①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④3.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.Thestoryhappenedinwinter. B.Paulgotmuchfrostbitethatnight.C.Paul’sneighborlivedclosetohim. D.Paulneverstoppedshoutingforhelp.4.WhatdoyouthinkofKelsey?A.Foolishandordinary. B.Smartandhelpful.C.Sillyandnoisy. D.Badandlazy.CIfyouwanttoknowrealBeijing,walkalongthestreetsofBeijingandvisitasiheyuan.Astraditionalbuildings,siheyuanismostlyseeninnorthernChina.Atypicalsiheyuanhasabigsquarecourtyard(院子)withfourbuildingsonallfoursides.Usually,onebigfamilyliveshere.ThedesignofasiheyuanfollowsConfucian(儒家)ideasofrespectingauthority(权威)andtheold.Thenorthernmainhousegetsthemostsunshine,sotheeldestmemberofthefamilylivesthere.Theeastandwestwinghousesareforchildrenandgrandchildren.Thesouthernbuildingisclosesttothedoorway.Itisusuallyforservants(仆人)orguests.Livingunderthesameroofhelpstoformasstrongfamilybond(纽带).Everyfamilymemberstaysclosebysharinglaughsandcriestogether.Butnowadays(如今),youcan’tseemanyofthesetraditional,beautifulbuild