四川省泸州市2023-2024学年高三下学期三模英语试题(解析版)

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省泸州市2023-2024学年高三下学期三模英语试题第I卷(选择题，共100分)第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATheyear2023sawawidevarietyofTVandInternetvarietyshowsinChina,offeringamazingentertainmenttoaudiences.Herearesomepopularvarietyshowsoftheyear.It’snevertoolatetostartenjoyingthem.

BecomeaFarmerThefarming-themedshow

tookChinesesocialmediabystorminthefirsthalfoftheyear,shiningaspotlightonfarming—acrucialpartofChineseculture.Theword“farming”,however,maybeunfamiliartomanyyoungurbanChinesecitizens.Inanefforttoconnecttheseindividualswiththeindustry,theshowtriestodealwiththetopicbyinviting10mentoexperiencelife.

DivasHitTheRoad-SilkRoad

Thefifthseasonoftherealityshow,featuringpopularcelebritiestravelingtovariousdestinations,hasbeenairingsinceOctober2023.ThisseasonsawChineseactressesstartajourneytoSaudiArabia,CroatiaandIceland.TheyexploredthebeautifullandscapesanddiverseculturesofthesecountriesandlearnedabouttheBeltandRoadInitiative.InfinityandBeyond2023Withanamazingviewership,themusicculturalprogram

emergedasasuccessinthefirsthalfofthisyear.TheshowwasbroadcastfromMarchtoJune,generatingmassiveonlineattentionwith8.9billionviewsoftopicsrelatedtotheshow.Featuringastar-studdedcast,theshowbringsaboutcross-Strait(海峡两岸)connectionandclassicandpopularsongsdatingbacktothe1970s.RidingtheWind2023

Singersfromvariousbackgroundsathomeandabroadtuneintooneanotherduringhitrealityshow.Startingitslatestseasonthisyear,theprogramseekstoexpandcross-culturalcooperationandmutualsupportamongwomen,regardlessoftheirdifferentlanguages,agesorpersonalitytraits.Toachievethis,theshowhasinvitedfemalecelebritiesfromdiverseculturalbackgroundstoparticipateingroupperformancesthroughouttheroundsofcompetition.1.WhatcanaudiencesexperienceinBecomeaFarmer?A.Socialmedia’simpact. B.Thecountrysidelife.C.Youngcitizens’growth. D.Thechallengefromthereality.2.WhatdoInfinityandBeyond2023andRidingtheWind2023feature?A.Musicshows. B.Fourmonths’broadcast.C.Academiccompetitions. D.Women’scontributions.3.Inwhichsectionofawebsitemaythepassageappear?A.Lifestyle. B.Business. C.Travel. D.Culture.【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍2023年流行的综艺节目。〖答案〗1.B2.A3.D【1题详析】细节理解题。由BecomeaFarmer中“Thefarming-themedshowtookChinesesocialmediabystorminthefirsthalfoftheyear,shiningaspotlightonfarming—acrucialpartofChineseculture.Theword‘farming’,however,maybeunfamiliartomanyyoungurbanChinesecitizens.(今年上半年，这档以农业为主题的节目在中国社交媒体上掀起了轩然大波，聚焦于农业—中国文化的重要组成部分。然而，对于许多年轻的中国城市居民来说，‘农业’这个词可能并不熟悉。)”和“Inanefforttoconnecttheseindividualswiththeindustry,theshowtriestodealwiththetopicbyinviting10mentoexperiencelife.(为了将这些人与行业联系起来，该节目试图通过邀请10名男性体验生活来处理这个话题。)”可知，观众在BecomeaFarmer中体验乡村生活。故选B项。【2题详析】推理判断题。由InfinityandBeyond2023中“Withanamazingviewership,themusicculturalprogramemergedasasuccessinthefirsthalfofthisyear.TheshowwasbroadcastfromMarchtoJune,generatingmassiveonlineattentionwith8.9billionviewsoftopicsrelatedtotheshow.(凭借惊人的收视率，音乐文化节目在今年上半年取得了成功。该节目于3月至6月播出，引发了巨大的网络关注，与该节目相关的话题浏览量达89亿。)”和RidingtheWind2023中“Singersfromvariousbackgroundsathomeandabroadtuneintooneanotherduringhitrealityshow.(在热门真人秀节目中，来自国内外不同背景的歌手相互配合。)”可知，两个节目中都以音乐节目为特色。故选A项。【3题详析】推理判断题。由文章第一段“Theyear2023sawawidevarietyofTVandInternetvarietyshowsinChina,offeringamazingentertainmenttoaudiences.Herearesomepopularvarietyshowsoftheyear.It’snevertoolatetostartenjoyingthem.(2023年，中国的电视和互联网综艺节目种类繁多，为观众提供了令人惊叹的娱乐。以下是一些今年流行的综艺节目。开始享受它们永远不会太迟。)”以及下文可知，文章主要介绍2023年流行的综艺节目，所以可能出现在网址上的文化板块。故选D项。BLiJing,29,currentlyservesasthedirectorassistanttothevillagesecretaryofMaotianpingVillageCommitteeinCuijiaba,atowninHubeiprovince.Liisanativeofthisvillageandwasoneofthefirstfromhercommunitytoachievehighereducation.Shestudiedhotelmanagementandtourism.Aftergraduation,shestartedacareerinthehotelindustryinWuhan.However,shemadeadecisionlastyeartoreturntohervillage.Shewantstobeanessentialpartofherhometown’sdevelopment,realizingherownpersonalvalue.WhenLireturnedtoherhometown,shereceivedunconditionalsupportfromherfamily,despitesomevillagers’questioningherdecision.Sheresolvedtoproveherselfthroughdeterminationandaction.Herjobinvolvesextensivecommunicationwiththevillagers,withoverhalfofherworkloadaboutpromotingpotatoproduction,themainbusinessofthevillage.Liandthevillagersregularlyholdmeetingsinthevillagesquare,wheretheyshareinsightsonpotatoplantingtechniques,saleschannels,markettrends,andmore.Thesegatheringsprovideherwithopportunitiestoequipthevillagerswithplantingtoolsandofferawindowforthemtovoicetheirconcernsandexperiences.Inhersparetime,Liremainscloselyconnectedwiththevillagersthroughregularconversations.Sheadmitsthatitdemandsaconsiderableinvestmentoftimeandenergy,butit’sallworthwhile.Lihasveryfondmemoriesofanincidentfromlastyearwhenonevillagerhadapoorpotatocrop.Althoughherpotatoeswereunimpressiveintermsofsizeandquality,sheheldfaithinLiandworkedtirelesslyandenthusiastically.Lineverforgetsthesmilesonthevillagers’facesatharvesttime,whichistheultimaterewardforher.Inthenearfuture,Lihopestocontinuehelpingherfellowvillagersraisetheirpotatoproductionandincreasetheirincome.Herlong-termvisionistopromoteurban-ruralintegration(整合).4.WhydidLiJingcomebacktoherhometown?A.Shedesiredastablecareer.B.Sheintendedtoliveherdream.C.Shehadafamilytotakecareof.D.Shefailedtostartherownbusiness.5.WhatisLiJingmainlyresponsibleforinthevillage?A.Improvingpotatoharvests.B.Sellingpotatoesatthemarket.C.Arrangingdailysquaregatherings.D.Teachingvillagerstoexpressthemselves.6.Whatdoweknowfromtheincident?A.LiJingshouldfocusonqualitycontrol.B.LiJinghaswonthevillagers’trust.C.It’stoughtomakegoodcommunication.D.It’seasytomeetthevillagers’needs.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitle?A.EastorWest,HomeIsBest B.NoPain,NoGainC.FromtheVillage,fortheVillage D.Graduates,WelcomeHome【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了29岁大学毕业生李静返乡创业并带领乡亲们种植土豆致富的故事。〖答案〗4.B5.A6.B7.C【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Shewantstobeanessentialpartofherhometown’sdevelopment,realizingherownpersonalvalue.(她想成为家乡发展的重要组成部分，实现自己的个人价值)”可知，李静回到家乡是因为她想实现自己的梦想，故选B。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Herjobinvolvesextensivecommunicationwiththevillagers,withoverhalfofherworkloadaboutpromotingpotatoproduction,themainbusinessofthevillage.(她的工作涉及与村民的广泛交流，其中超过一半的工作量是关于推广土豆生产，这是村里的主要业务)”可知，李静在村里主要负责提高土豆产量。故选A。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第五段“Lineverforgetsthesmilesonthevillagers’facesatharvesttime,whichistheultimaterewardforher.(李静永远不会忘记收获时村民们脸上的笑容，这是对她最大的奖赏)”可推知，李静赢得了村民们的信任。故选B。【7题详析】主旨大意题。根据第一段“LiJing,29,currentlyservesasthedirectorassistanttothevillagesecretaryofMaotianpingVillageCommitteeinCuijiaba,atowninHubeiprovince.Liisanativeofthisvillageandwasoneofthefirstfromhercommunitytoachievehighereducation.Shestudiedhotelmanagementandtourism.Aftergraduation,shestartedacareerinthehotelindustryinWuhan.However,shemadeadecisionlastyeartoreturntohervillage.Shewantstobeanessentialpartofherhometown’sdevelopment,realizingherownpersonalvalue.(29岁的李静目前是湖北省崔家坝镇茅田坪村委会村支书主任助理。李是这个村子的本地人，也是她所在社区最早接受高等教育的人之一。她学习的是酒店管理和旅游业。毕业后，她在武汉的酒店业开始了自己的职业生涯。然而，去年她决定回到自己的村庄。她想成为家乡发展的重要组成部分，实现自己的个人价值)”以及最后一段“Inthenearfuture,Lihopestocontinuehelpingherfellowvillagersraisetheirpotatoproductionandincreasetheirincome.Herlong-termvisionistopromoteurban-ruralintegration(整合).(在不久的将来，李希望继续帮助她的村民提高土豆产量，增加他们的收入。她的长远愿景是促进城乡一体化)”以及文章内容可知，本文主要介绍了29岁大学毕业生李静返乡创业并带领乡亲们种植土豆致富的故事。故C选项“来自村庄，为村庄服务”适合作为文章标题，故选C。CThetraditionalhandwritten“thankyou”letterisnolongerthemostpopularwaytoexpressgratitude,withdigitalmethodssuchasinstantmessagesandemailsfavoredinstead,accordingtoarecentresearch.Asurveyof2,000adultsfindsjust9percentsendaletterofthanksnowadays—adeclineof11percentinthepasttenyears—whilemessagesviaWhatsApp,SMStext,emailandFacebook,havebecomesomeofthemostcommonwaystoshowappreciation.Despitethis,handwrittennotesofgratitudeareinfactconsideredtobeamongthetopmostmeaningfulwaystosaythankyou—closebehindheartfeltphonecallsandvisitingsomeonetoshowappreciationinperson.Furtherhighlightingtheinfluenceofthepersonaltouch,theM&SClubRewardsresearchfindshand-deliveringflowersortreatingsomeonetoacoffeearealsoamongthetruestwaystoshowthanks.Theresearchalsofinds58percentthinkitismoreessentialthanevertosaythankyoutolovedones,with28percentadmittingthelastcoupleofyearshavehelpedthemappreciatethelittlethings.And29percentthinkit’sreallynecessarytoshowothersjusthowmuchtheymeantothemsotheyrealizehowlovedtheyare.However,inourdigitalage—andwithallthesenewandsimplewaystocommunicateandshowourgratitude—sayingaquickthank-youviainstantmessagehasbecomethehabitformany.Butifyoureallywanttoshareameaningfulthank-you,givingsomeoneyourtimeoraddinganelementofapersonalormorehumantouchwillgoalongwayandhaveamuchbiggerimpact.PaulStokes,fromM&SClubRewards,says:“Ourresearchshowsthatwhiletheartofsayingthankyoumayhavechangedovertheyears,thesignificanceofshowingourappreciationhasneverbeenhigher.”Overthelastfewyears,wehavehadtocometogetherandsupporteachotherperhapsmorethanever,soit’sgreattoseesomanyofusaretakingthetimetoshareathank-you.8.Whatwasthepercentageoftraditionallettersofthanksadecadeago?A.20%. B.11%. C.9%. D.2%.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”refertoinParagraph3?A.Thechangeincontents. B.Thesimilarityinsurveys.C.Theadvantageofthank-youletters. D.Thepopularityofdigitalmethods.10.Howcanwemakemoderncommunicationmoremeaningful?A.Bysendingmoreinstantmessages. B.Bysayingmorethankstothebeloved.C.Bybringinginmorepersonaltouches. D.Bydeliveringeachothermoregratitude.11.WhatdoesPaulStokeswanttotellusmost?A.Theirresearchisagreatbreakthrough.B.Theinfluenceofartisbeyondexpectation.C.Therearemanywaystoexpressourappreciation.D.Showingourthanksismoreimportantthaneverbefore.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了传统手写感谢信虽不再流行，数字方式成为主流，但个人化表达感激的重要性日益增强，真诚的感谢需时间和个性化元素。〖答案〗8.A9.D10.C11.D【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Asurveyof2,000adultsfindsjust9percentsendaletterofthanksnowadays—adeclineof11percentinthepasttenyears(一项针对2000名成年人的调查发现，现在只有9%的人会发送感谢信，比十年前下降了11%)”可知，十年前传统感谢信的比例是9%+11%=20%。故选A项。【9题详析】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“messagesviaWhatsApp,SMStext,emailandFacebook,havebecomesomeofthemostcommonwaystoshowappreciation(通过WhatsApp、短信、电子邮件和脸书发送的信息已成为表达感激之情的最常见方式)”及第三段“Despitethis,handwrittennotesofgratitudeareinfactconsideredtobeamongthetopmostmeaningfulwaystosaythankyou(尽管如此，手写的感谢信实际上被认为是表达感谢的最有意义的方式之一)”可知，此处的this指代的是前文提到的数字化方式的普及。故选D项。【10题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Butifyoureallywanttoshareameaningfulthank-you,givingsomeoneyourtimeoraddinganelementofapersonalormorehumantouchwillgoalongwayandhaveamuchbiggerimpact.(但如果你想真正传达一份有意义的感谢，给予对方你的时间，或增添一份个人化、更富人情味的元素，将会产生深远的影响，带来更大的效果)”可知，我们可以通过增加更多的个人触感使现代交流更有意义。故选C项。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“PaulStokes,fromM&SClubRewards,says:“Ourresearchshowsthatwhiletheartofsayingthankyoumayhavechangedovertheyears,thesignificanceofshowingourappreciationhasneverbeenhigher.”(来自M&SClubRewards的PaulStokes表示：“我们的研究表明，虽然表达感谢的方式可能随着时间发生了变化，但展现我们感激之情的重要性从未像现在这样高”)”可知，PaulStokes想告诉我们表达我们的感谢比以往任何时候都更重要。故选D项。DHumanshavesailedtheoceans’surfacesformillennia,buttheirdepthsremaineffectivelyuncharted.Onlyaboutaquarteroftheseafloorhasbeenmappedathighperformance.Mapsofmostregionsdisplayonlyapproximatedepthsandoftenmissentireunderwatermountainsorvalleys.Soagroupofresearchershasselectedsomedeep-divingexperts:ElephantSealsandWeddellSeals.Scientistshavebeenplacingtrackers(跟踪装置)onthesemarinemammalsaroundAntarcticacomparedthesedivers’locationanddepthdatawithsomeofthelessdetailedseafloormaps.Theyforyears,gatheringdataonoceantemperatureandsalinity.Foranewstudy,theresearchersspottedplaceswheretheseals(海豹)dovedeeperthanshouldhavebeenpossibleaccordingtothemaps—meaningtheexistingdepthestimateswereinaccurate.IneasternAntarctica’sVincennesBay,thedivingsealshelpedthescientistsfindalarge,hiddenunderwatervalley.AnAustralianresearchshipcalledtheRSVNuyinalatermeasuredthevalley’sexactdepthusingsonar(声呐).“Thesealsdiscoveredthevalley,andtheshipconfirmedit,”saysCliveMcMahon,aresearcherattheIntegratedMarineObservingSysteminAustraliaandaco-authorofthenewstudy.Butsealscan’tmaptheentireoceanfloor.Thetrackersusedinthestudycouldmarkaseal’sgeographicallocationonlywithinabout1.5miles,whichallowsforusefulbutnotexactlyhigh-resolutiondata.Plus,becausethesealsdon’talwaysdivetothebottomoftheocean,theycanshowonlywherethebottomisdeeperthaninexistingmaps—notshallower.McMahonnotesthatscientistscouldimproveonthesedatabymeansofmorepreciseGPStrackersandanalyzingtheseals’divingpatternstodeterminewhethertheyhavereachedtheseafloororsimplystoppedgoingdown.Thecurrentseal-divedatacanstillbevaluableforanimportanttask,saysAnnaWahlin,anoceanographerattheUniversityofGothenburginSweden.ThedeepoceanaroundAntarcticaiswarmerthantheicywatersatthesurface,andseafloorvalleyscanallowthatwarmerwatertoflowtotheicealongthecontinent’scoast,Wahlinexplains.TopredicthowAntarctica’sicewillmelt,scientistswillneedtoknowwherethosevalleysareandhowdeeptheygo.12.Whatcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraph?A.Humansareatthemercyoftheoceans.B.Theoceansaretoovasttodescribe.C.Humanshavetakenchargeoftheoceans.D.Theoceanscallforfurtherexploration.13.Inwhatwayhavescientistscarriedforwardtheirresearch?A.Byequippingthesealswithadvanceddevices.B.Byfollowingthesealstothedeeperseafloor.C.Byusingsonartomeasuretheseadirectly.D.Bycheckingthepreviousseafloormaps.14.WhatdoesMcMahonsuggestscientistsdoforfurtherresearch?A.Traintheseals’divingability.B.Updatetheexistingoceanmap.C.TurntomoreexactGPStrackers.D.Seekcooperationopportunities.15.WhatdoesAnnaWahlinthinkoftheresearchwithseals?A.It’sgreatlycreative. B.It’salittleincredible.C.It’shighlysignificant. D.It’salittleimpractical.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家利用带有追踪器的海豹的潜水数据来进行海洋探测，了解海底山脉或峡谷的位置和深度，帮助绘制海底地图。〖答案〗12.D13.A14.C15.C【12题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“Humanshavesailedtheoceans’surfacesformillennia,buttheirdepthsremaineffectivelyuncharted.Onlyaboutaquarteroftheseafloorhasbeenmappedathighperformance.Mapsofmostregionsdisplayonlyapproximatedepthsandoftenmissentireunderwatermountainsorvalleys.(人类已经在海洋表面航行了几千年，但海洋的深度仍然是未知的。只有大约四分之一的海底被高效地绘制出来。大多数地区的地图只显示大概的深度，经常遗漏整个水下山脉或山谷)”可推知，海洋的深度仍然是未知的，海洋有待进一步探索。故选D项。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Soagroupofresearchershasselectedsomedeep-divingexperts:ElephantSealsandWeddellSeals.Scientistshavebeenplacingtrackers(跟踪装置)onthesemarinemammalsaroundAntarcticacomparedthesedivers’locationanddepthdatawithsomeofthelessdetailedseafloormaps.Theyforyears,gatheringdataonoceantemperatureandsalinity.(因此，一组研究人员选择了一些深潜专家:象海豹和威德尔海豹。科学家们一直在南极洲周围的这些海洋哺乳动物身上放置追踪器，将这些潜水员的位置和深度数据与一些不太详细的海底地图进行比较。他们多年来一直在收集海洋温度和盐度的数据)”可知，科学家们通过为海豹配备先进的设备进行他们的研究。故选A项。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“McMahonnotesthatscientistscouldimproveonthesedatabymeansofmorepreciseGPStrackersandanalyzingtheseals’divingpatternstodeterminewhethertheyhavereachedtheseafloororsimplystoppedgoingdown.(麦克马洪指出，科学家可以通过更精确的GPS追踪器和分析海豹的潜水模式来改进这些数据，以确定它们是已经到达海底还是只是停止了下沉)”可知，麦克马洪建议科学家们用更精确的GPS追踪器来进一步的研究。故选C项。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thecurrentseal-divedatacanstillbevaluableforanimportanttask,saysAnnaWahlin,anoceanographerattheUniversityofGothenburginSweden.ThedeepoceanaroundAntarcticaiswarmerthantheicywatersatthesurface,andseafloorvalleyscanallowthatwarmerwatertoflowtotheicealongthecontinent’scoast,Wahlinexplains.TopredicthowAntarctica’sicewillmelt,scientistswillneedtoknowwherethosevalleysareandhowdeeptheygo.(瑞典哥德堡大学(UniversityofGothenburg)的海洋学家安娜·瓦林(AnnaWahlin)说，目前的海豹潜水数据对于一项重要任务仍然很有价值。Wahlin解释说，南极洲周围的深海比表面的冰水要温暖，海底山谷可以让温暖的水沿着大陆海岸流向冰。为了预测南极洲的冰将如何融化，科学家们需要知道这些山谷的位置和深度)”可知，安娜·瓦林认为海豹潜水数据对于一项重要任务仍然很有价值，。由此推知，这项研究是非常重要的。故选C项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Fromcannedtomatoestofrozenpizzas,processedfoodshavebecomearegularpartofourdiet.We’vegainedtimeandenergyasaresultofprocessedfoods.____16____Herearethereasonswhyweshouldavoidprocessedfoods.____17____A2018studyfoundthatultra-processed(超加工的)foodsarelinkedtoanincreasedriskofcancer.TheAmericanCancerSocietyreportsthatatleast18%ofcancersarerelatedtoexcess(过量的)bodyweight,physicianactivity,andpoornutrition,whichcouldpotentiallybepreventedbyavoidingprocessedfoods.Processedfoodsaredesignedtomakeyouovereat.____18____Ithasalsobeenfoundthatsomeprocessedfoodscanleadtogreaterbrainactivity,whichcanaffecteatingbehavior.Processedfoodsoftencontainartificialingredients.Ifyou’relookingatthelabelonaboxofyourfavoritejunkfood,thereareprobablyabunchofingredientsthatyoucanbarelypronounce.____19____Theseingredientsmayhaveanegativeeffectonyourhealth.Manyprocessedfoodsarehighincarbohydrates(碳水化合物)andlowinnutrientsandfiber.Notallcarbohydratesarebad,butprocessedfoodsareoftenpackedwithrefinedcarbohydrates.Theycancauseyourbloodsugartoincreaseveryquickly.Ontopofthat,processedfoodsaretypicallymuchlowerinnutrientsandthefiberisoftenremoved.____20____A.Processedfoodsmayraiseyourhealthrisk.B.Someprocessedfoodsaren’tbadforyouatall.C.Allprocessedfoodsareloadedwithaddedsugarandfat.D.Atthesametime,wehavealsogainedahostofhealthissues.E.Infact,yourbodyjustneedsthetwosubstancestodigestfoodproperly.F.Inthiscase,thereareman-madecolors,flavors,andadditivesinyourfood.G.Studiesshowthe“rewardsystem”inourbraincanallowustoconsumemore.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是在日常生活中避免加工食物的原因。〖答案〗16.D17.A18.G19.F20.E【16题详析】根据空前的“We’vegainedtimeandenergyasaresultofprocessedfoods.(加工食品增加了我们的时间和精力。)”可知，加工食品给我们增加了时间和精力，这是它的好处，结合空后的“Herearethereasonswhyweshouldavoidprocessedfoods.(以下是我们应该避免加工食品的原因。)”可知，下文要介绍避免加工食品的原因，由此可知，此空应起到承上启下的作用，D选项“Atthesametime,wehavealsogainedahostofhealthissues.(与此同时，我们也获得了一系列健康问题。)”承接了空前的内容，其中的atthesametime以及also为关键信息，且其讲述的是加工食物也给我们带来健康问题，引出空后的内容，符合语境。故选D项。【17题详析】分析语篇可知，此处应为本段的主题句，介绍的应是避免加工食物的原因之一，结合空后的“A2018studyfoundthatultra-processed(超加工的)foodsarelinkedtoanincreasedriskofcancer.(2018年的一项研究发现，超加工食品与癌症风险增加有关。)”可知，研究发现，加工食物与癌症风险增加有关，由此可知，本段讲述的应是加工食物与健康风险增加相关，A选项“Processedfoodsmayraiseyourhealthrisk.(加工食品可能会增加你的健康风险。)”讲述的是加工食物可能会增加健康风险，概括了本段的内容，可以作为本段的主题句。故选A项。【18题详析】根据本段的主题句“Processedfoodsaredesignedtomakeyouovereat.(加工食品会让你吃得过多。)”可知，加工食物被设计使你吃的过多，结合空后的“Ithasalsobeenfoundthatsomeprocessedfoodscanleadtogreaterbrainactivity,whichcanaffecteatingbehavior.(研究还发现，一些加工食品会导致大脑活动增加，从而影响饮食行为。)”可知，加工食物会增加大脑活动，从而影响饮食行为，由此可知，此空处讲述的内容与加工食物对饮食行为的影响相关，G选项“Studiesshowthe“rewardsystem”inourbraincanallowustoconsumemore.(研究表明，我们大脑中的“奖励系统”可以让我们消耗更多。)”讲述的内容与饮食行为相关，其中的“rewardsystem”与主题句中讲述的“被设计使你吃的更多”相关，符合语境。故选G项。【19题详析】根据空前的“Ifyou’relookingatthelabelonaboxofyourfavoritejunkfood,thereareprobablyabunchofingredientsthatyoucanbarelypronounce.(如果你看着你最喜欢的垃圾食品包装盒上的标签，可能有一堆你几乎不知道发音的成分。)”以及本段的主题句“Processedfoodsoftencontainartificialingredients.(加工食品通常含有人造成分。)”可知，加工食物内含有人造成分，结合空后的“Theseingredientsmayhaveanegativeeffectonyourhealth.(这些成分可能对你的健康有负面影响。)”可知，此空应涉及到的是加工食物中含有的某些对健康有负面影响的成分，F选项“Inthiscase,thereareman-madecolors,flavors,andadditivesinyourfood.(在这种情况下，你的食物中有人造的色素、香料和添加剂。)”与空前的内容衔接，且空后的these指代的内容与选项F中的“man-madecolors,flavors,andadditives”一致。故选F项。【20题详析】分析语篇可知，此空应是对本段的内容进行总结，根据空前的“Ontopofthat,processedfoodsaretypicallymuchlowerinnutrientsandthefiberisoftenremoved.(最重要的是，加工食品的营养成分通常要低得多，纤维也经常被去除。)”可知，加工食物中的营养成分通常很低，纤维被去除，这样对身体健康是不利的，E选项“Infact,yourbodyjustneedsthetwosubstancestodigestfoodproperly.(事实上，你的身体只需要这两种物质来正常消化食物。)”讲述的是对身体健康有利的两种物质是空前讲述的被去除的“nutrients”和“fiber”，衔接了空前内容，对本段做出总结。故选E项。第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Recently,oneofmybestfriendsspenttheweekendwithme.We’ve____21____justabouteverythingsincethefirstdayofkindergarten.SeveralyearsagoI____22____toanewtown,sowe’vebothalwayslookedforwardtothe____23____chancesayearwhenwecanseeeachother.Overtheweekend,wespenthoursandhours,____24____uplateintothenight,talkingaboutthepeopleshewashangingaroundwith.Shestartedtellingme____25____abouthowsheexperimentedwithdrugsandwasintootherself-destructivebehaviors.Iwascompletely____26____!NomatterhowhardItriedtotellherthatshe____27____better,shedidn’tbelieveme.Herself-respectseemedtohave____28____.Itriedtoconvinceherthatshewas____29____herfutureandheadingforbigtrouble.IfeltlikeIwasgetting____30____.Bythetimesheleft,Iwasreally____31____aboutherandexhaustedbytheexperience.Ithadbeenso____32____,andIhadcomeclosetotellingherseveral____33____duringtheweekendthatmaybewehadjustgrowntoofarapartto___34___ourfriendship—butIdidn’t.Iputthepowerof____35____totheultimatetestandwantedtobelievethatitcould____36____anything.Afewdayslater,shecalledtosaythatshehadthoughtlongandhardaboutour____37____,andthenshetoldmethatshehad____38____.Ijustlistenedontheotherendofthephonewithtearsofjoyrunningdownmyface.Itwasoneofthetruly____39____momentsinmylife.NeverhadIbeenso____40____ofafriend.21.A.shared B.argued C.discussed D.complained22.A.moved B.retired C.returned D.adapted23.A.different B.frequent C.rare D.lost24.A.calling B.staying C.getting D.waking25.A.risks B.steps C.stories D.skills26.A.disappointed B.embarrassed C.shocked D.scared27.A.deserved B.lived C.studied D.relaxed28.A.increased B.developed C.disappeared D.formed29.A.creating B.controlling C.predicting D.ruining30.A.wrong B.nowhere C.rejected D.refreshed31.A.hopeful B.cautious C.curious D.concerned32.A.frightening B.discouraging C.inspiring D.surprising33.A.times B.relatives C.examples D.partners34.A.destroy B.rebuild C.abandon D.continue35.A.encouragement B.honesty C.friendship D.truth36.A.clarify B.simplify C.encounter D.conquer37.A.conversation B.experience C.personality D.behavior38.A.grownup B.goneabroad C.saidgoodbye D.comeround39.A.exciting B.rewarding C.demanding D.appealing40.A.aware B.proud C.certain D.fond【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者和朋友虽然相隔较远，却有着十分深厚的友谊。最近两人相聚后，作者发现朋友最近不仅吸毒而且还有其他的自残行为，这让作者十分不安。作者规劝朋友，但无果。作者选择相信他们之间的友谊可以克服一切。最终朋友经过长时间痛苦的思考后，终于醒悟过来，摆脱了困境。文章体现了友谊的力量。〖答案〗21.A22.A23.C24.B25.C26.C27.A28.C29.D30.B31.D32.B33.A34.D35.C36.D37.A38.D39.B40.B【21题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从幼儿园第一天开始，我们就分享一切事情。A.shared分享；B.argued争论；C.discussed讨论；D.complained抱怨。根据前文的“Recently,oneofmybestfriendsspenttheweekendwithme.

”可知，作者和她的好朋友在一起，好朋友之间通常无话不谈，再结合第二段“wespenthoursandhours,talkingaboutthepeopleshewashangingaroundwith.”可知，两人经常聊到深夜。结合两部分可知，俩人应该是无话不谈的好友。故选A项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年前，我搬到了一个新城市，所以我们每年都期待着见面的几次机会。A.moved搬家；B.retired退休；C.returned返回；D.adapted改编、适应。根据后面的

toanewtown可知，我搬了家，所以才有后文的新城市这种说法。再结合后文“sowe’vebothalwayslookedforwardtothe

chancesayearwhenwecanseeeachother.”两个人期待见面，可知作者去了别的城市。故选A项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以我们每年都期待着见面的几次机会。A.different不同的；B.frequent频繁的；C.rare罕见的，少有的；D.lost丢失的。根据上文“sowe’vebothalwayslookedforwardto”可推断，作者和朋友期待见面的机会，再结合第一段内容作者搬到了新家，可推测两人见面不容易，机会很少。故选C项。【24题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在周末，我们花了几个小时，一直聊到深夜，谈论她交往的人。A.callingup回忆；B.stayingup熬夜；C.gettingup起床；D.wakingup醒来。根据上文“wespenthoursandhours”，再结合后文“lateintothenigh”可推测作者和朋友熬夜聊了很久，故选B项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她开始告诉我她是如何尝试毒品的，以及其他一些自我毁灭的行为的描述。A.risks冒险；B.steps步骤；C.stories描述；D.skills技能。分析句子成分可知，“abouthowsheexperimentedwithdrugsandwasintootherself-destructivebehaviors”是对设空处的解释说明，尝试毒品和自毁行为都是以前自己的经历，因此朋友是在跟作者描述经历。故选C项。【26题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我完全震惊了。A.disappointed失望的；B.embarrassed尴尬的；C.shocked震惊的；D.scared害怕的。根据上文“sheexperimentedwithdrugsandwasintootherself-destructivebehaviors”可推断，作者对于朋友吸毒和自毁行为应该感到震惊。故选C项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：无论我怎么努力告诉她她应该更好，她都不相信我。A.deserved值得；B.lived生活；C.studied学习；D.relaxed放松。根据上文“NomatterhowhardItriedtotellher”可推测，作者在劝说朋友，劝说朋友应该更好，只有A选项符合。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自尊似乎已经消失。A.increased增加；B.developed发展；C.disappeared消失；D.formed形成。根据上文“shedidn’tbelieveme”可推测，朋友不相信作者的话，认为自己不会变化。由此推测自尊心仿佛消失了。只有C选项符合语意。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我试图说服她，她正在毁掉自己的未来，并朝着大麻烦前进。A.creating创造；B.controlling控制；C.predicting预言；D.ruining毁坏。根据表示并列的and及后面的“headingforbigtrouble”可知，设空处表达的意思应该跟headingforbigtrouble含义接近，只有D选项符合。故选D项。【30题详析】考查副词/形容词词义辨析。句意：我感到自己毫无进展。A.wrong错误的；B.nowhere哪里都不；C.rejected被拒绝的；D.refreshed焕然一新的。根据上文“shedidn’tbelieveme”以及“Itriedtoconvinceher”可知，劝说朋友，朋友不相信，仿佛没了自尊，可推断作者的劝说毫无进展。getnowhere是固定搭配，意思是毫无进展，故选B项。【31题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：到她离开的时候，我真的非常担心她，并且因为这次经历而感到筋疲力尽。A.hopef