山东省东营市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1山东省东营市2022-2023学年高二下学期期末英语试题第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.〖答案〗是C。1.Howlongdoesthewomanneedtowaittoeatthepizza?A.Fiveminutes.B.Tenminutes.C.Fifteenminutes.2.Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisvillage?A.Oldandpeaceful.B.Modernandnoisy.C.Beautifulandmodern.3.Whomovedthecookies?A.Tom.B.Ray.C.Mary.4.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inthelibrary.B.Inthelaboratory.C.Inthesupermarket.5.Whatwillthespeakersprobablydonext?A.Buyanotherfish.B.Gotoarestaurant.C.Makeadifferentdish.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Onafarm.B.Inaforest.C.Inadesert.7.Howdidthemanknowaboutthehorses?A.Heaskedalocalresident.B.Heoncereadaboutthem.C.Helearnedfromhistravelexperience.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutBobo?A.Helearnsthingsquickly.B.Hecanjumptwometersaway.C.He’sgoodenoughtowinthecontest.9.Whenwillthecompetitionbeheld?A.Inaboutonemonth.B.Inabouttwomonths.C.Inaboutfivemonths.10.WhatdoesBoboneedtodointhecompetition?A.Runquickly.B.Barkatsomechickens.C.Walkrightnexttothewoman.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Howdidthemanfeelaboutthelastflight?A.Pleased.B.Annoyed.C.Concerned.12.Whatdidthewomandoduringthelastflight?A.Sheworkedonthecomputer.B.Shehadasleep.C.Shewatchedmovies.13.Whichcityarethespeakersgoingto?A.Beijing.B.SingaporeCity.C.Haikou.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.Whatkindofbagsdoesthewomanuse?A.Paper.B.Plastic.C.Cloth.15.Whatdoesthemanprobablythinkaboutpaperbags?A.Theycostlessthantheotheroptions.B.Theyareequallybadasplasticbags.C.They’rethebestchoicefortheenvironment.16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutclothbags?A.Theysellcheapatgrocerystores.B.Theyareexpensivetoproduce.C.Theycanbereused.17.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Shopping.B.Traveling.C.Recycling.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.WhathaveradioproducersatABCInternationalmadeovertheyears?A.Manystories.B.Manyprograms.C.Manymusicalbums.19.Inwhichprogramcanpeopleheartheartiststhemselves?A.TheRoadtoMusic.B.TheHistoryofPop.C.AbouttheBigHits.20.WhatisPopWordsabout?A.Howtounderstandthewordsofpopsongs.B.HowtobuildyourEnglishvocabulary.C.HowtospeakEnglishfluently.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOnceyouknowwhereyouaregoing,arrangingforthebasictransportationisthenexttask.Trains–TravelingbytrainhasfallenoutoffavourwithmanytravellersinNorthAmerica,buttrainsarewellworthconsideringwhenthelocationyouaretravelingtoiswell-servedbytrains.Highspeedtraintravel,whencombinedwithrailpasses,canalsobeagoodwaytogettodifferentpartsofalargecountryandavoidthestressofdrivingorflying.Beawarethatlongdistancepassengertrainschedulesarerarelyaccurate(especiallyinNorthAmerica),soplantogiveyourselfadayorsobeforeboardingandafterleavingthosetrains.Airlines–Airfaresareusuallycheaperwhenpurchasedinadvanceratherthanatthelastminute,sobookyourairlineticketsfirst,thenstructuretherestofyourtriparoundyourarrivalanddeparturetimes.Airfaresvaryondifferentdaysoftheweekanddifferenttimesofthemonthandyear,soifyou’reflexiblewithyourdeparturetime,selectthatoptiononthebookingwebsitesocheaperfarescanbefoundforyoutoconsider.Carrentals–Ifyouaredrivingtoadestinationinsteadofflying,youwillneedtoprepareforspendingdaysontheroad.Itisalsoimportanttokeepacloseeyeoncarrentalrates,sincetheycanjumparoundbasedondemand,andevenfromlocationtolocationwithinacityorregion.Tours–Toursaregreatbecauseeverythingisusuallyarrangedforyou.Thedownsideisthatyouarepartofagroup,sonomatterwhereyougo,thereisacrowdwithyou.Youneedtobeflexiblewhentravelingwithatourgroupbecausenotallthearrangements(orpossiblytourmembers)maysuityou.1.Whatdoweknowabouttravelingbytrain?A.It’sNorthAmericans’favorite. B.ItisconvenientinNorthAmerica.C.Itmightnotguaranteeyourtravelschedule. D.Itcausesasmuchstressasdriving.2.WhatdoAirlinesandCarrentalshaveincommon?A.Themoneychargedvaries. B.Yourflexibilityisallowed.C.Convenienceisguaranteed. D.Nopreparationsareneeded.3.Whichoptioncansavethetroubleoforganizinginperson?A.Trains. B.Airlines. C.Carrentals. D.Tours.——★参考答案★——1.C2.A3.D【语篇解读】本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了旅行的几种常见的交通方式选择。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Trains中关键句“Beawarethatlongdistancepassengertrainschedulesarerarelyaccurate(especiallyinNorthAmerica),soplantogiveyourselfadayorsobeforeboardingandafterleavingthosetrains.(要知道，长途客运列车的时刻表很少是准确的（尤其是在北美），所以在上火车之前和下火车之后，给自己留出一天左右的时间)”可知，乘火车旅行可能不能保证按照旅行计划来。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Airlines中关键句“Airfaresvaryondifferentdaysoftheweekanddifferenttimesofthemonthandyear,soifyou’reflexiblewithyourdeparturetime,selectthatoptiononthebookingwebsitesocheaperfarescanbefoundforyoutoconsider.(机票价格在一周中的不同日子、一月和一年中的不同时间有所不同，所以如果你的出发时间比较灵活，可以在订票网站上选择那个选项，这样你就可以找到更便宜的机票供你考虑)”及Carrentals中关键句“Itisalsoimportanttokeepacloseeyeoncarrentalrates,sincetheycanjumparoundbasedondemand,andevenfromlocationtolocationwithinacityorregion.(密切关注汽车租赁价格也很重要，因为它们可以根据需求而变化，甚至可以在一个城市或地区的不同地点之间变化)”可知，飞机或者租车在不同情况下价格都不相同。故选A项。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Tours中关键句“Toursaregreatbecauseeverythingisusuallyarrangedforyou.(旅游很好，因为一切通常都是为你安排好的)”可知，找旅行团可以省去自己组织旅行的麻烦。故选D项。BHONGKONG—AttheschoolwhereKoCheuk-kiuworks,thereareneitherschoolbellsringingnorstudentsrunningaroundtheplayground.“Youlookgoodtoday.Shallwereviewthetexttogether?”AftergreetingherstudentHeiHei,Ko,inalightblueuniform,turnsonhertabletcomputerandbeginstoteachatthebedside.Foundedin1954,theHongKongRedCrossHospitalSchoolsinitiallyprovidedservicesinonlyonepublicmedicalinstitution.Now,itisaspecialeducationinstitutefundedbytheHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegiongovernment,with26schoolunitsattachedto19publichospitals.Itsservicesaremainlydividedintothreefields—generalspecialty,psychiatry,andhomeboundteachingprograms.Thefirsttwoprovideservicesforhospitalizedstudentstoreducetheirdifficultiesinreturningtoschool,whilehomeboundteachingisaimedatstudentswhoneedtostayathometorecoverforalongperiod.Teachersareassignedtodifferenthospitalsorstudents’homesandshiftonaregularbasis.Dependingonthesituation,teacherswillcarryoutsmallgrouporone-on-onebedsideteaching,andeachsessionlastsabout30minutes.“Teachingchildreninahospital?Iwascuriousandkeentoknowmoreaboutit,”Korecalls,explainingshefirstlearnedabouttheschoolfromanewspaperreportin2009whenshehadjustfinishedhermaster’sdegreeinlanguage.Ko,whoalsostudiedspecialeducation,appliedforateachingpositionattheschoolandwashiredasaChineselanguageteacher.Teachersinhospitalshavetomeetstudentswithdifferentmedicalconditionsandfaceallkindsofchallengeseveryday,butKoregardstheseexperiencesastraining,whichhaveledhertohaveadeeperappreciationoflife.Overtheyears,Kohasreceivedalotofgreetingcardsfromparentsandstudentsshowingtheirappreciation.Lookingatthesewarmwordsofencouragement,shesilentlysendsherbestwishestothestudents.“Ihopetheycansoonrecoverandgobacktoschool,andcontinuetopursuetheirdreams,”shesays.4.WhatisKodoing?A.Teachingathome. B.Teachingonline.C.Teachinginahospital. D.Teachinginaregularclassroom.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheHongKongRedCrossHospitalSchools?A.ItwasfoundedbytheHongKongSpecialAdministrativeRegiongovernment.B.Itoffersteachingservicesforstudentsbothinhospitalandathome.C.Itrunsonmoneyraisedfromthepublic.D.Itassignsteacherstothesamehospitalsorstudents’homes.6.ProbablywhydidKoapplyforateachingpositionattheschool?A.Becauseshewascuriousaboutteaching. B.Becausesheknewalotabouttheschool.C.Becauseshejustgraduatedfromuniversity. D.Becauseshecouldapplywhatshehadlearned.7.WhichcanbestdescribeKo?A.Passionateanddedicated. B.Responsibleanddiligent.C.Genuineandaggressive. D.Self-centeredandsensitive.——★参考答案★——4.C5.B6.D7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了香港红十字医院学校为住院或需要在家康复的学生提供教育服务，以便帮助他们减少返校的困难。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的“AftergreetingherstudentHeiHei,Ko,inalightblueuniform,turnsonhertabletcomputerandbeginstoteachatthebedside.(穿着浅蓝色制服的Ko和学生HeiHei打招呼后，打开平板电脑，开始在床边上课。)”和第三段中Ko的话“Teachingchildreninahospital?(在医院教孩子？)”可知，Ko在医院里教孩子。故选C。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thefirsttwoprovideservicesforhospitalizedstudentstoreducetheirdifficultiesinreturningtoschool,whilehomeboundteachingisaimedatstudentswhoneedtostayathometorecoverforalongperiod.(前两个为住院学生提供服务，以减少他们返校的困难，而在家教学则针对需要长期待在家里康复的学生。)”可知，香港红十字医院学校为住院或需要在家康复的学生提供教育服务。故选B。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Ko,whoalsostudiedspecialeducation,appliedforateachingpositionattheschoolandwashiredasaChineselanguageteacher.(Ko也学习过特殊教育，她申请了该校的教学岗位，并被聘为汉语教师。)”可知，Ko学过特殊教育，这刚好符合香港红十字医院学校的工作需求，专业对口，由此可推测出，她应聘这个岗位是因为她可以将自己学习的知识运用到工作中。故选D。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Teachersinhospitalshavetomeetstudentswithdifferentmedicalconditionsandfaceallkindsofchallengeseveryday,butKoregardstheseexperiencesastraining,whichhaveledhertohaveadeeperappreciationoflife.(医院的老师每天都要遇到不同身体状况的学生，面对各种各样的挑战，但Ko把这些经历视为训练，让她对生活有了更深的理解。)”可知，Ko把工作中面对的挑战当作对自己的训练，努力把工作做好，这说明她是一个对自己的工作有热情的人。根据最后一段中的“Overtheyears,Kohasreceivedalotofgreetingcardsfromparentsandstudentsshowingtheirappreciation.(这些年来，Ko收到了许多来自家长和学生的贺卡，表达了他们的感激之情。)”可知，许多家长和学生对Ko表达感激，这说明Ko的教学工作非常出色，对待学生有奉献精神。故选A。CZibohaslongsoughttopublicizeitsuniqueideaonroastedskewers(串肉扦)ofmeat,vegetables,seafoodandotherfoodstuffsinthehopeofattractingbusiness.ButitwasonlyinMarch,whencollegestudentstriedthebarbecuefood,tookvideosofthemselvesenjoyingit,andpostedtheclipsonsocialmediathatitwentviral.Sincethen,youngpeoplefromacrossthecountryhaveflockedtoZibototryitsbarbecuedfood.Duringweekendslastmonth,YangBenxin,whohasrunabarbecuerestaurantinthecityfornearlythreedecades,usedaloudspeakertotellpeoplewaitinginlineforatabletochooseanotherrestaurantbecausethemeatathisbusinesshadsoldout.Yang’srestauranthas200tables,whichcanaccommodateabout1,000diners.Butalmosteveryweekendforthepastmonth,thenumberofpeoplevisitingtherestaurantrosebeyonditscapacity,forcinghimtotellthosewaitingtotryelsewhere.InZibo,thefoodonbarbecueskewersis70-80percentprecookedbeforeitisbroughttothetable,wheredinerscompletethecookingprocessonsmallstovesfueledbyhotcoals.ZhangHanzhe,27,whovisitedZibowithfriendsfromJinan,capitalofShandong,duringtheMayDayholidaytotrythecity’sbarbecuedfood,said,“Wepreparedthefoodaccordingtoourowntastes,andit’salsoaffordable.”TheauthoritiesinZibohavebeenquicktogainafurtheradvantagefromthesuddeninflowofvisitors.Themarketsupervisionandpublicsecurityauthoritiesactedtoensurefoodsafetyandreasonablepricinginthebarbecuesector,whilethecity’spublictransportationcompanylaunchedbusroutesespeciallyforpeoplevisitingbarbecuerestaurants.ThecityissuedanoticeaheadoftheMayDayholiday,warningthathotelsinZibothatraisedtheirroomratesbymorethan50percentduringtheholidaywouldbepunished.QuChuang,aprofessoratShandongUniversity’sSchoolofEconomics,doubtedwhetherthebarbecuecrazeinZibowouldlastlong,butsaidthecity’sbiggestgainisthatitisnowknownbymorepeople.8.WhatmadethebarbecueinZibogoviral?A.Thegovernment’seffortstopublicizeit.B.Collegestudents’videosofthemselvesenjoyingit.C.Youngpeople’scrazinessaboutZibo’sculture.D.Zibo’sspeciallytailoredpoliciesaboutit.9.What’sthepurposeofparagraph2?A.ToprovethepopularityofZibo’sbarbecue.B.TohighlightthepoorcapacityofZibo’srestaurants.C.TocallforimprovementsinZibo’sservices.D.Towarnpotentialvisitorsoftheinconvenience.10.What’sQuChuang’sopinionaboutbarbecuecrazeinZibo?A.Itsadvantagesoutweighitsdisadvantages. B.Itmightcooldowneventually.C.Itisofnobenefitinthelongrun. D.ItisoflittlehelpinZibo’spopularity.11.Whichisthebesttitle?A.Zibosetshotpacewitheconomictransformation.B.Zibounintentionallydrawseyestoitseconomictransformation.C.Ziboachievesitsgoalofeconomictransformation.D.Zibostartsheatedargumentsabouteconomictransformation.——★参考答案★——8.B9.A10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了山东淄博烧烤在全国开始走红，这一现象使得当地经济转型步伐加快。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“ButitwasonlyinMarch,whencollegestudentstriedthebarbecuefood,tookvideosofthemselvesenjoyingit,andpostedtheclipsonsocialmediathatitwentviral.(但直到今年3月，当大学生们品尝了这种烧烤食物，并拍摄了自己享用的视频，并将这些视频发布在社交媒体上时，这种烧烤才迅速走红)”可知，大学生们享用烧烤的视频使得淄博的烧烤火了。故选B项。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Duringweekendslastmonth,YangBenxin,whohasrunabarbecuerestaurantinthecityfornearlythreedecades,usedaloudspeakertotellpeoplewaitinginlineforatabletochooseanotherrestaurantbecausethemeatathisbusinesshadsoldout.(上个月的周末，在北京经营一家烧烤店近30年的YangBenxin用扩音器告诉排队等候用餐的人选择另一家餐馆，因为他店里的肉已经卖完了)”及“Butalmosteveryweekendforthepastmonth,thenumberofpeoplevisitingtherestaurantrosebeyonditscapacity,forcinghimtotellthosewaitingtotryelsewhere.(但在过去的一个月里，几乎每个周末，光顾这家餐厅的人数都超过了餐厅的容量，迫使他告诉那些等着的人去试试别的地方)”可推知，第二段的描述证明了淄博烧烤的受欢迎程度。故选A项。【10题详析】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“QuChuang,aprofessoratShandongUniversity’sSchoolofEconomics,doubtedwhetherthebarbecuecrazeinZibowouldlastlong,butsaidthecity’sbiggestgainisthatitisnowknownbymorepeople.(山东大学经济学院教授曲创对淄博的烧烤热是否会持续很长时间表示怀疑，但他表示，淄博最大的收获是现在有更多人知道了淄博)”可推知，曲创认为对于山东淄博烧烤的狂热最终可能会冷却下来。故选B项。【11题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Zibohaslongsoughttopublicizeitsuniqueideaonroastedskewersofmeat,vegetables,seafoodandotherfoodstuffsinthehopeofattractingbusiness.(淄博长期以来一直试图宣传其独特的烤肉理念，包括肉串、蔬菜串、海鲜串和其他食品串，希望能吸引生意)”及倒数第二段“TheauthoritiesinZibohavebeenquicktogainafurtheradvantagefromthesuddeninflowofvisitors.(淄博当局迅速从游客的突然涌入中获得了进一步的优势)”并结合全文可知，本文描述了淄博烧烤带动当地经济转型的现象。由此可知，A选项“淄博经济转型步伐加快”适合作为最佳标题。故选A项。DAworldwideshiftfromfossilfuel-poweredcarstoelectricvehiclescouldsignificantlyreducetheamountofcarbondioxidethathumansemittotheatmosphere.Butcurrentstrategiesforvehicleelectrification(电气化)canalsoshiftsomepollutiontocommunitiesalreadysufferingunderhighereconomic,healthandenvironmentalburdens,researcherswarn.California,whichleadstheUnitedStatesbyamilewhenitcomestoEVadoption,offersawindowintothisevolvingproblem.Thestateisaggressivelyseekingtoreduceitscarbonfootprintandhasmadesubstantialincreasesinwindandsolarpowergenerationaswellasinthepromotionofelectricvehiclepurchases.OnetoolthestatehasusedistheCaliforniaCleanVehicleRebateProject,orCVRP,whichkickedoffin2010andoffersconsumersmoneybackforthepurchaseofnewEVs.Now,ananalysisoftheCVRP’simpactonthestate’sairqualityfrom2010to2021revealsbothgoodandbadnews,researchersreportMay3inPLOSClimate.ThegoodnewsisthattheCVRPisresponsibleformakingadentinthestate’soverallCO2emissions,reducingthembyabout280,000metrictonsperyearonaverage.Thebadnewsisthatthemostdisadvantagedcommunitiesinthestatedidn’tseethesameoverallimprovementinairquality.Thosecommunitiesinfactsawanincreaseinonetypeofairpollution,tinyparticulatesknownasPM2.5.ThatincreasemaybeindirectlyrelatedtoputtingmoreEVsontheroad.Althoughelectricvehiclesthemselvesdon’tproducePM2.5fromtheirtailpipes,increasedelectricitygeneration,ifit’snotfossilfuel-free,can.Renewableresources,includingrooftopsolarcells,suppliedabouthalfofCalifornia’selectricityin2022.Butnaturalgas-firedpowerplantsstillprovidealargepartofthestate’spower.“Electricvehiclesareoftenincorrectlyreferredtoas‘zero-emissionvehicles’,butthey’reonlyascleanastheunderlyingelectricgrid(电网)fromwhichtheenergyissourced,”Mejía-Duwansays.Themostdisadvantaged25percentofthestate’scommunitiesalsocontain50percentofthepowerplants,theteamfound.12.Whatdoweknowfromparagraph2?A.Californiatakestheleadinenvironmentalprotection.B.WindandsolarpowergenerationhasdominatedCalifornia.C.California’scarbonfootprinthasbeenreducedasplanned.D.ThelaunchofCVRPisintendedtopromoteelectricvehiclepurchases.13.Whatdoestheunderlined“dent”meaninparagraph4?A.adjustment. B.shift. C.reduction. D.increase.14.WhatisthedirectcauseofanincreaseinPM2.5?A.PuttingmoreEVsontheroad. B.Increasedelectricitygeneration.C.Warmingclimate. D.Increasedrooftopsolarcells.15.WhatwillMejía-Duwanprobablyagreewith?A.ZeroemissionforEVscan’tbeensurednowadays.B.‘Zeroemission’isn’tgoodenoughtodescribeEVs.C.EVs,withnozeroemission,shouldn’tbeadvocated.D.EVshaveapromisingfutureaszeroemissionvehicles.——★参考答案★——12.D13.C14.B15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了全球从化石燃料向电动汽车的转变可以显著减少人类向大气中排放的二氧化碳量。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thestateisaggressivelyseekingtoreduceitscarbonfootprintandhasmadesubstantialincreasesinwindandsolarpowergenerationaswellasinthepromotionofelectricvehiclepurchases.OnetoolthestatehasusedistheCaliforniaCleanVehicleRebateProject,orCVRP,whichkickedoffin2010andoffersconsumersmoneybackforthepurchaseofnewEVs.(该州正在积极寻求减少碳足迹，并大幅增加了风能和太阳能发电，以及促进电动汽车购买。该州使用的一个工具是加州清洁汽车回扣项目（CVRP），该项目于2010年启动，为消费者购买新电动汽车提供退款)”可知，CVRP项目的推出是为了促进电动汽车的购买。故选D。【13题详析】词句猜测题。根据第四段“ThegoodnewsisthattheCVRPisresponsibleformakingadentinthestate’soverallCO2emissions,reducingthembyabout280,000metrictonsperyearonaverage.(好消息是，CVRP负责dent该州的总体二氧化碳排放量，平均每年减少约28万公吨)”可知，平均每年减少约28万公吨，由此可知，CVRP负责减少该州的总体二氧化碳排放量。故猜测划线单词表示“减少”，与reduction同义。故选C。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第四段“ThatincreasemaybeindirectlyrelatedtoputtingmoreEVsontheroad.Althoughelectricvehiclesthemselvesdon’tproducePM2.5fromtheirtailpipes,increasedelectricitygeneration,ifit’snotfossilfuel-free,can.(这一增长可能与更多的电动汽车上路间接相关。尽管电动汽车本身不会通过排气管产生PM2.5，但如果不是非化石燃料的话，增加发电量也是可能（导致PM2.5）的)”可知，PM2.5增加的直接原因是发电量的增加。故选B。【15题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段““Electricvehiclesareoftenincorrectlyreferredtoas‘zero-emissionvehicles’,butthey’reonlyascleanastheunderlyingelectricgrid(电网)fromwhichtheenergyissourced,”Mejía-Duwansays.(Mejía-Duwan说：“电动汽车经常被错误地称为‘零排放汽车’，但它们的清洁程度仅与能源来源的底层电网一样。”)”可知，Mejía-Duwan可能认为现在无法确保电动汽车的零排放。故选A。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThePost-holidayBluesTheholidayseason—fromThanksgivinguntilNewYear’sDay—canbeajoyfulandrelaxingtimeformanypeople,butoncethefestivitieswinddown,sadnessandlonelinesscancreepin._____16_____Afteranexcitingeventliketheholidays,thereisoftenafeelingofdisappointmentorlet-down.Lookingaheadtosomethingliketheholidayscanfeelexciting._____17_____Therecanalmostbeasenseofemotionalwithdrawalfromtheholidaycheer._____18_____Thepost-holidaybluesrefertotheshort-termfeelingsthatindividualsexperienceaftertheupcomingwintermonths.Theholidaysoffermostpeopleatimetofocustheirenergyonthetaskofdecorating,baking,planning,andgiftgiving.Aftertheholidaysareover,peoplemayfeellostoremptywithouthavingagoal-drivenactivitytohelpthemtofocus._____19_____Themoreyoutalkaboutthiswithfriendsandfamily,themoreyou’llfindthatyouarenotaloneintheexperienceofpost-holidayblues.WhatcancausethePost-HolidayBlues?Thereasonsforthepost-holidaybluescanvaryfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplemayhavetroublewiththeholidaysthemselves—thegrandexpectations,remindersoflostorestrangedlovedones,financialburdens._____20_____Butwhentheholidayeventsend,sodoesthemoodboost.Besides,thechangeofseasons,reduceddaylight,decreasedphysicalactivitylevels,andincreasedisolationcanallcontributetothepost-holidayblues.Ifanyfeelingsofpost-holidaybluesbeginimpactingyourdailyfunctioning,likemakingithardtogetoutofbed,gotoworkorschool,leavethehouse,spendtimewithothers,oraccomplishsmalltasks.Besides,itmaybeworthcheckinginwithahealthcareprovider.A.Whatarethepost-holidayblues?B.Somepeoplemaydislikeholidays.C.It’sanideaknownasthepost-holidayblues.D.Whatcanwedotodealwiththepost-holidayblues?E.Itisimportanttorecognizethatthisphenomenonisnotuncommon.F.Butwhentheeventhaspassed,thelossofthatexcitementcanfeelbad.G.Othersmayreceiveaboostofhappinessafterspendingtimewithfriendsandfamily.——★参考答案★——16.C17.F18.A19.E20.G【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了节后忧郁的概念，形成的原因以及解决方案。【16题详析】上文“Theholidayseason—fromThanksgivinguntilNewYear’sDay—canbeajoyfulandrelaxingtimeformanypeople,butoncethefestivitieswinddown,sadnessandlonelinesscancreepin.(从感恩节到元旦，这个节日对许多人来说是一个快乐和放松的时刻，但一旦庆祝活动结束，悲伤和孤独就会悄然而至)”以及下文“Afteranexcitingeventliketheholidays,thereisoftenafeelingofdisappointmentorlet-down.(在像假期这样激动人心的活动之后，人们往往会感到失望或情绪低落)”说明，假期之后，人们往往会感到失望。空出承上启下，C项中的“anideaknownasthepost-holidayblues”说明前文中的“一旦庆祝活动结束后感到悲伤和孤独”的概念，同样承接下文的“假期后，人们会有失望或情绪低落的感觉”，做本段的主旨句。C项“这是一个被称为节后忧郁的想法”符合语境。故选C。【17题详析】上文“Lookingaheadtosomethingliketheholidayscanfeelexciting.(展望像假期这样的事情会让人感到兴奋)”以及“Therecanalmostbeasenseofemotionalwithdrawalfromtheholidaycheer.(从节日的欢呼声中几乎可以感觉到一种情绪上的退缩)”可知，假期结束后兴奋的情绪就会退去。空处呈上启下，D项中的theevent和前文中的“theholidays”相呼应，“thelossofthatexcitementcanfeelbad”和下文中的“asenseofemotionalwithdrawalfromtheholidaycheer”相呼应，说明当假期过去后，失去那种兴奋感会让人感觉很糟糕。故选F。【18题详析】下文“Thepost-holidaybluesreferstotheshort-termfeelingsthatindividualsexperienceaftertheupcomingwintermonths.(节后忧郁是指个人在即将到来的冬季月份后所经历的短期情绪)”说明了“节后忧郁”的概念。由此可知空处询问了什么是“节后忧郁”。A项“节后忧郁是什么？”符合语境。故选A。【19题详析】下文“Themoreyoutalkaboutthiswithfriendsandfamily,themoreyou’llfindthatyouarenotaloneintheexperienceofpost-holidayblues.(你和朋友和家人谈论得越多，你就会发现你并不是唯一一个经历过节后忧郁的人)”说明很多的人都会经历“节后忧郁”。D项中的“thisphenomenonisnotuncommon”和下文中的“youarenotaloneintheexperienceofpost-holidayblues”相呼应，说明“节后忧郁”非常的普遍。故选E。【20题详析】上文“Somepeoplemayhavetroublewiththeholidaysthemselves—thegrandexpectations,remindersoflostorestrangedlovedones,financialburdens.(有些人可能会对假期本身感到困扰——巨大的期望、对失去或疏远的亲人的提醒、经济负担)”说明有些人会对假期本身感到困惑。空处和前文并列说明另外一些人的情况。somepeople...others...表“一些人...，另外一些人”。G项“其他人在与朋友和家人共度时光后，可能会得到幸福感的提升。”符合语境。故选G。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Alicehadaseriousdisease.Sheneededa(n)____21____bloodtransfusiontosaveherlife.Heronlychanceof____22____wouldbetogetatransfusionfromheryoungerbrother,Michael.Hehadovercomethesamediseaseshehad,whichwasconsidereda____23____.Thereforehehadantibodies(抗体)inhis____24____neededtofighttheillness,butnoonewas____25____whatMichaelthought.ThedoctorexplainedtoMichaelthatitwouldsavehis____26____lifeifheweretogiveherhisblood.Theboy____27____foramomentbeforeagreeingtogivehisbloodifitwouldhelphissister.Thiswas____28____toaboyof5,afterall.He____29____todoanythingtosaveAlice’slife.Asthe_____30_____wason,Michaellaynexttohissisterinthehospital.Hefelt_____31_____whenseeinghissistercomingbackto_____32_____.Thenhequietlyaskedthedoctor,“WhenwillIstartto_____33_____?”NodoubtthatMichaelhad_____34_____thathewasgivinghislifeinordertosaveher.Hearingthewords,hisparentswereastonishedoverthe_____35_____,whichledMichaeltothinktheywerechoosinghissisteroverhim—andevenmoreastonishedandmovedthathehadbeenwillingtodoso.Whilewemaynotbefacedwithsuchalifeordeathdecision,beingselflesscanhelpusconnectwithothers,whichisrewardingandfulfilling.21.A.expensive B.urgent C.dangerous D.complicated22.A.passage B.victory C.survival D.escape23.A.difficulty B.wonder C.threat D.secret24.A.blood B.brain C.stomach D.bone25.A.anxious B.nervous C.worried D.certain26.A.mother’s B.father’s C.brother’s D.sister’s27.A.ran B.slept C.hesitated D.disappeared28.A.dull B.attractive C.lucky D.cruel29.A.refused B.stopped C.decided D.pretended30.A.operation B.opera C.movie D.performance31.A.interested B.fearful C.happy D.pitiful32.A.greatness B.life C.home D.earth33.A.die B.study C.play D.eat34.A.expected B.agreed C.assumed D.ignored35.A.judgement B.mischief C.accident D.misunderstanding——★参考答案★——21.B22.C23.B24.A25.D26.D27.C28.D29.C30.A31.C32.B33.A34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个五岁的小男孩挽救姐姐生命的感人故事。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她需要紧急输血以挽救生命。A.expensive昂贵的；B.urgent紧急的；C.dangerous危险的；D.complicated复杂难懂的。根据“tosaveherlife.”可知，为了活下去，爱丽丝急需输血。故选B。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她唯一的生存机会就是从她的弟弟迈克尔那里得到输血。A.passage文章；B.victory胜利；C.survival生存；D.escape逃离。根据“Sheneededa(n)________bloodtransfusiontosaveherlife.”可知，爱丽丝唯一活下去的机会就是迈克尔输血给她。故选C。【23题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他战胜了她所患的同样的疾病，这被认为是一个奇迹。A.difficulty困难；B.wonder惊奇；奇迹；C.threat危险；D.secret秘密。根据“Hehadovercomethesamediseaseshehad,”可知，迈克尔曾经战胜过和姐姐一样的疾病，这件事被认为是个奇迹。故选B。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，他的血液中有对抗疾病所需的抗体，但谁也不知道迈克尔是怎么想的。A.blood血；B.brain大脑；C.stomach肚子；D.bone骨头。根据“Sheneededa(n)________bloodtransfusiontosaveherlife.”可知，迈克尔血液里有这种疾病的抗体。故选A。【25题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，他的血液中有对抗疾病所需的抗体，