江西省新余市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题 （解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1江西省新余市2023-2024学年高一下学期期末质量检测英语试题第一部分听力（略）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ASomeoftheWorldHeritageSiteshavebeenattractingtouristsforhundredsofyearsandareasfascinatingnowastheywerewhentheywerefirstuncovered.Cappadocia,TurkeyDesignatedaWorldHeritageSitein1985,Cappadociaisaplaceofflowingrockformationsandstone-cappedchimneys(狭缝).Considertakingoneofthemanyhikingtrailstogetupclose.Nearby,inthevillageofUchisararetheancientcavehomesbuiltbythepeopleoftheBronzeAge.Borobudur,IndonesiaBorobudurisoneofIndonesia’smostfamouslandmarks,includedinthelistofWorldHeritageSitesin1991.LocatedontheislandofJava,thismassivetemplecomplexwasconstructedinthe700s,buttwotothreehundredyearslater,itwasabandoned,possiblyduetovolcaniceruptionsinthearea,andwentrelativelyundisturbedforcenturies.Thesitewasuncoveredinthe1800sandlaterrestored.MesaVerde,U.S.A.MesaVerdeishometosomeofthemostwell-preservedIndianruinsinNorthAmerica.IthasbeenonthelistofWorldHeritageSitessince1978.Themostimpressivesitesarethecliffdwellings(住所),wheretheAncestralPuebloanslivedbetweenthe12thcenturyandthelate13thcentury.Youcandriveuptothetopofthemesatoseepithousesandotherruins.Petra,JordanInscribedintothelistofWorldHeritageSitesin1985,thisancientcapitalcityoftheNabataeansisastonecitywithdwellingscarvedintosandstonewalls.Ithasrootsthattracebacktoasearlyasthe4thor5thcenturyB.C.Discoveredintheearly1800s,ithasbeenreferredtoas“therosecity”forthecoloroftherock.Situatedinamountainousareawithlimitedaccess,itheldastrategicpositiononthetraderouteintheregion.Today,PetraisthemostimportanttouristattractioninJordan.1.WhichofthefollowingappearedonthelistofWorldHeritageSitesfirst?A.Cappadocia,Turkey. B.Borobudur,Indonesia.C.MesaVerde,U.S.A. D.Petra,Jordan.2.WhatcanyouenjoyinCappadocia,Turkey?A.Cavehomes. B.Templecomplexes.C.Cliffdwellings. D.Rose-coloredrocks.3.WhatmadePetrastandoutinhistory?A.Itsnaturalresources. B.Itscriticallocation.C.Itsdynamictourism. D.Itsuniquescenery.〖答案〗1.C2.A3.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个著名的世界遗产保护区。【1题详析】细节理解题。根据Cappadocia,Turkey部分中“DesignatedaWorldHeritageSitein1985,Cappadociaisaplaceofflowingrockformationsandstone-cappedchimneys(狭缝).(卡帕多西亚在1985年被指定为世界遗产，这里有流动的岩层和石头顶的烟囱)”；以及Borobudur,Indonesia部分中“BorobudurisoneofIndonesia’smostfamouslandmarks,includedinthelistofWorldHeritageSitesin1991.(婆罗浮屠是印度尼西亚最著名的地标之一，1991年被列入世界遗产名录)”；以及MesaVerde,U.S.A.部分中“IthasbeenonthelistofWorldHeritageSitessince1978.(自1978年以来，它一直被列入世界遗产名录)”以及Petra,Jordan中“InscribedintothelistofWorldHeritageSitesin1985,thisancientcapitalcityoftheNabataeansisastonecitywithdwellingscarvedintosandstonewalls.

(这座纳巴泰人的古都于1985年被列入世界遗产名录，是一座石城，民居雕刻在砂岩墙上)”可知，MesaVerde在1978年被列入世界遗产名录，与其他三个文化遗址相比，它是最先被纳入世界遗产名录的遗址。故选C。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据Cappadocia,Turkey部分最后一句“Nearby,inthevillageofUchisararetheancientcavehomesbuiltbythepeopleoftheBronzeAge.(附近的Uchisar村是青铜器时代的人们建造的古老洞穴房屋)”可知，在这里可以欣赏到青铜时代人类建造的古老洞穴住所。故选A。【3题详析】细节理解题。根据Petra,Jordan部分倒数第二句“Situatedinamountainousareawithlimitedaccess,itheldastrategicpositiononthetraderouteintheregion.Today,PetraisthemostimportanttouristattractioninJordan.(它位于山区，通道有限，在该地区的贸易路线上占有战略地位。今天，Petra是约旦最重要的旅游景点)”可知，由于位于山区通道受限的地方，Petra在该地区的贸易路线上占据着战略位置，因此名垂千古。故选B。BChitaRiverawasanAmericandancer,singer,andactressbestknownforherenergeticperformancesinsuchBroadwaymusicalsasWestSideStory,Chicago,andKissoftheSpiderWoman.Rivera’sfirstperformanceswereinshowsherbrotherorganizedforproductioninthebasementoftheirhome.Shetookvoice,piano,andballetclasses,anddancebecameherfavouriteactivity.ShewonascholarshiptoGeorgeBalanchine’sSchoolofAmericanBalletinNewYorkCityandstudiedthereforthreeyears.In1952Riveraauditionedfor(面试)thetouringcompanyofCallMeMadam,washired,andspent10monthsontheroad.ReturningtoNewYork,shereplacedaprincipaldancerinGuysandDollsonBroadwayandthenjoinedthechorus(歌舞队)ofCan-Can.In1954RiveraleftchorusworkandperformedOff-BroadwayinShoestringRevue.RolesinSeventhHeaven(1955)andMr.Wonderful(1956)followed,andthenRiveralandedthepartofAnitainWestSideStory,forwhichshereceivedherfirstTonyAwardnomination.RiverafinallywonaTony,forherperformanceasAnnainTheRink(1984).Onecriticsaidthatshecommandedtheaudiencelike“aliontamerwithawhipsnapinherwalk”.In1985shewasbackonBroadwayinJerry’sGirls.ThefollowingyearRiverasufferedabrokenleginanautomobileaccident,anditwasfearedthatshewouldneverwalkagain.Aftermanymonthsofrecovery,sheeasedherwaybackintoshowbusinessbyperformingoncruiseships.In1993shereturnedtoBroadway,portrayingthefilmgoddessAurorainKissoftheSpiderWoman.HerenergeticperformanceearnedRiverahersecondTonyAward.ShereceivedadditionalTonynominationsfora2003revivalofNineandfortheautobiographicalChitaRivera:TheDancer’sLife(2005).In2015RiverareprisedherroleasthevengefulClaireZachanassianinTheVisitonBroadway,earninganotherTonynomination.Rivera’snumerousawardsincludedaKennedyCenterHonor(2002)andthePresidentialMedalofFreedom(2009).In2018shereceivedaTonyAwardforlifetimeachievement.4.WhatcanweknowaboutRivera’searlyexperiencesbefore1954?A.Herperformedwithherbrotherinthebasement.B.Shetookvoice,piano,andvariousdanceclasses.C.Shespent10monthsperformingindifferentplaces.D.ShefiredaprincipaldancerinGuysandDollsonBroadway.5.HowmanytimesdidRiverawinaTonyaccordingtothepassage?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeRivera?A.Confidentandelegant. B.Talentedandeasygoing.C.Strong-willedandfamous. D.Strictandhardworking.7.Inwhichsectionisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Entertainment. B.Award. C.Autobiography. D.Film.〖答案〗4.C5.A6.C7.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国著名舞蹈家、歌手和女演员ChitaRivera的生平事迹，特别是她在百老汇音乐剧中的杰出表现。【4题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In1952Riveraauditionedfor(面试)thetouringcompanyofCallMeMadam,washired,andspent10monthsontheroad(1952年，Rivera为巡回演出公司《叫我贵妇人》试镜，被聘用，并在路上度过了10个月)”可知，Rivera在1952年加入了一个巡回演出公司，在不同的地方表演了10个月。故选C项。【5题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“RiverafinallywonaTony,forherperformanceasAnnainTheRink(1984)(Rivera最终因在1984年的《溜冰场》中饰演Anna而获得了托尼奖)”和第五段“HerenergeticperformanceearnedRiverahersecondTonyAward(她充满活力的表演为Rivera赢得了第二个托尼奖)”以及最后一段“In2018shereceivedaTonyAwardforlifetimeachievement.(2018年，她获得了终身成就的托尼奖)”可知，Rivera共获得了三次托尼奖。故选A项。【6题详析】推理判断题。根据第四段“ThefollowingyearRiverasufferedabrokenleginanautomobileaccident,anditwasfearedthatshewouldneverwalkagain.Aftermanymonthsofrecovery,sheeasedherwaybackintoshowbusinessbyperformingoncruiseships(次年，里维拉在一场车祸中腿部骨折，一度担心无法再次行走。经过数月的康复，她通过在游轮上表演逐渐回到了演艺圈)”可推知，Rivera意志力强；根据最后一段“Rivera’snumerousawardsincludedaKennedyCenterHonor(2002)andthePresidentialMedalofFreedom(2009).In2018shereceivedaTonyAwardforlifetimeachievement(里维拉的众多奖项包括肯尼迪中心荣誉奖（2002年）和总统自由勋章（2009年）。2018年，她因终身成就获得了托尼奖)”可推知，她得了很多奖，所以也有名气，故选C项。【7题详析】推理判断题。根据第一段“ChitaRiverawasanAmericandancer,singer,andactressbestknownforherenergeticperformancesinsuchBroadwaymusicalsasWestSideStory,Chicago,andKissoftheSpiderWoman.(奇塔·里维拉是一位美国舞者、歌手和演员，以她在百老汇音乐剧《西区故事》、《芝加哥》和《蜘蛛女之吻》中充满活力的表演而闻名)”、第四段“RiverafinallywonaTony,forherperformanceasAnnainTheRink(1984)(Rivera最终因在1984年的《溜冰场》中饰演Anna而获得了托尼奖)”、第五段“HerenergeticperformanceearnedRiverahersecondTonyAward(她充满活力的表演为Rivera赢得了第二个托尼奖)”以及最后一段“In2018shereceivedaTonyAwardforlifetimeachievement.(2018年，她获得了终身成就的托尼奖)”可知，本文是介绍Rivera生前的事，而她是舞蹈家、歌手、演员。由此推知，本文最有可能出自娱乐栏目。故选A项。CItisnaturaltocompareourselvestoothersandtogetcaughtinamentalcomparisonloop,andyetthisseldomisbeneficial.Youmayhaveheardtheexpression“Comparisonisthethiefofjoy.”Tome,thisistrueasIhavefounditisquitedifficulttocomparemyselftoothersandfeeljoyatthesametime.Comparisonnotonlyrobsusofjoy,butitcanalsofuelself-criticismandalackofself-acceptance.Typically,comparisonleadstoperceivingothersassuperiortoyouinsomewayandfeelinginadequateorinferior.“Iamnotassuccessful,competent,attractiveastheyare.”Whydon’tIhavewhattheyhave?Weusecomparisonasanavenueforself-criticism,“What’swrongwithme?Imustbeaninadequateloser.”Thishindersself-acceptance.Comparisonisdeceptive(误导的).Ittellsusthatifwemeettheexpectations,loseweight,getapromotion,orbuythehouse,wewillfeelbetter,calmer,moreself-assured,andstopcomparingourselves.Thismaybetemporarilytrue,yet,acomparisonisaninternalprocessthatisultimatelybasedonourthoughtsandsenseofself,notexternalcircumstances.Wecanalwaysfindsomethingelsetocompare,anotherexpectationwetellourselveswearenotmeeting.Tostopcomparingourselvestoothers,wehavetorecognizethatthecomparisongameisunwinnable(andexhausting)andstopplaying.Toshiftfrombeingguidedbycomparisontobeingguidedbyyourvalues.Valuesareantidotestocomparison.Reflectinguponandbeingawareofyourvalues,andaligning(使一致)behaviorsanddecisionswithyourvalues,highlightsandreinforceswhatistrulyimportanttoyouandcansolidifyyoursenseofself-identityandself-acceptance.Thisdoesnotmeanweignorethingsthatwemaywanttochange.Itmeansthesechangesandgoalsarebasedonvaluesnotcomparisontoothers,andnotrelevanttoself-acceptance,weacceptourselvesregardless.Behaviorsanddecisionsareamatterofpersonalchoice,notameanstomeasureuptoothersorarequirementforacceptance.Self-acceptanceisn’taboutfixinganythingaboutyourself,itisaboutaffirmingwhoyouare,today.8.Whatisthenegativeeffectofcomparison?A.Itresultsincriticismfromotherpeople.B.Itharmsourconfidenceanddignity.C.Itmakesusgiveupworkinghard.D.Ithindersourroadstosuccess.9.Whyiscomparisonmisleadingaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Becauseitisaninternalprocessdependingonourexpectations.B.Becausetherearesomanythingswaitingforustocompare.C.Becausewesethighstandardforourselvesallthetime.D.Becauseweneverstopcomparingdespitetemporarysatisfaction.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinparagraph4mostprobablymean?A.Solutions. B.Necessities. C.Reasons. D.Suggestions.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Comparisonreduceourvalues B.AcceptyourownbehaviorsanddecisionsC.Stoptryingtomeasureuptoothers D.Whyisitunnecessarytocompare?〖答案〗8.B9.D10.A11.C【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。文章讲述了和他人做比较给自己带来的不利影响，阐述了为什么和他人做比较是误导人的，最后提出倡导:不要和别人做比较，要根据自己的价值观做出行为和决定。【8题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Typically,comparisonleadstoperceivingothersassuperiortoyouinsomewayandfeelinginadequateorinferior.

(通常情况下，攀比会让你觉得别人在某些方面比你优越，并感到不足或自卑)”可知，比较会伤害自信和自尊。故选B。【9题详析】推理判断题。根据第三段“Comparisonisdeceptive(误导的).Ittellsusthatifwemeettheexpectations,loseweight,getapromotion,orbuythehouse,wewillfeelbetter,calmer,moreself-assured,andstopcomparingourselves.Thismaybetemporarilytrue,yet,acomparisonisaninternalprocessthatisultimatelybasedonourthoughtsandsenseofself,notexternalcircumstances.Wecanalwaysfindsomethingelsetocompare,anotherexpectationwetellourselveswearenotmeeting.(比较是具有误导性的。它告诉我们，如果我们达到预期，减肥，升职，或者买房子，我们会感觉更好，更平静，更自信，不再比较自己。这可能暂时是正确的，然而，比较是一个内部过程，最终基于我们的思想和自我意识，而不是外部环境。我们总能找到其他的东西来比较，我们告诉自己我们没有达到的另一个期望)”可推知，“比较”具有误导性，因为我们永远不会停止攀比，尽管有暂时的满足。。故选D。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据划线词后面的内容“Reflectinguponandbeingawareofyourvalues,andaligning(使一致)behaviorsanddecisionswithyourvalues,highlightsandreinforceswhatistrulyimportanttoyouandcansolidifyyoursenseofself-identityandself-acceptance.(反思并意识到你的价值观，将行为和决定与你的价值观相一致，突出并强化对你来说真正重要的东西，并能巩固你的自我认同感和自我接纳感)”可知，反思并且意识到你自己的价值观，让你的行为和决定与价值观一致，也就是说，行为和决定不再是通过与别人比较做出来的，而是基于自身价值观，所以，价值观是与他人做比较的解毒剂（解决方案）。由此可知，划线词与A选项“Solutions.(解决办法)”为同义词。故选A。【11题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文，文章鼓励人们停止与他人比较，因为这会剥夺我们的快乐，并导致自我批评和不接受自己，即全文都在阐述与别人做比较的不好之处，文中也给出了解决办法，落脚点就是让我们停止和别人做比较。由此可知，C选项“Stoptryingtomeasureuptoothers.(不要试图达到别人的标准)”概括文章的主要内容，适合作本文标题。故选C。DApersonsufferingfromparalysis(瘫痪)wasabletoindependentlydrinkwaterbyusinghisbraintocontrolaspecialgloveservingashishand.Itsoundslikemagic,doesn’tit?Thiswasarecentbreakthroughinbrain-machineinterface(BMI)technologybyateamofChinesescientistsanddoctors.BMIreferstocreatingaconnectionbetweenthehumanbrainandexternaldevices,makingdirectcommunicationbetweenthebrainandcomputers.Forparalyzedpeople,ithelpscontrolthebodythroughthoughtsinthebraincortex(大脑皮层)anddosimplethingsbythemselves.OnOct24,2023,theteamcompletedthefirstclinicaltrialonthepatient,usingwirelessminimallyinvasive(微创的)BMIimplantation(植入).Twocoin-sizedBMIprocessorswereimplantedintothepatient’sskull(颅骨),successfullyreceivingneuralsignals(神经信号)fromthebrain.Afterthreemonthsofhomerehabilitation(康复)training,thepatientcannowusehisbrainsignalstocontrolaspecialglovepoweredbyairpressure.Thishelpshimdothingslikedrinkingwaterindependently.Thesignificanceoftheprojectisthatthepatient’sneuraltissuewasnotdamagedduringtheprocess,whereaspreviousattemptsmayhavesuchrisks.Italsousesawirelesspowersupply,meaningthattheimplanteddevicedoesnotrequireabattery.BMIisnowmainlyappliedinthemedicalfieldtohelpimprovethequalityoflifeforthosewhohavetroublemovingorspeakingduetobrain-relatedissues.Additionally,BMIhassimpleapplicationsforhealthyindividuals,suchasmonitoringattentionspan,fatigue(疲劳),andsleep,aswellasservingasasimpleinteractivegamingdevice.InChina,BMItechnologyisstillintheearlystagesofresearchanddevelopment,withnoproductsavailableyetonthemarket.Somepeopleareworriedthatpsychologicallyexperimentsmayaffecttheautonomy(自主性)andevenpersonalityofthepatients.Meanwhile,ethicalconcerns(伦理问题)relatedtoBMIusersalsoneedtobeaddressed.Theseincludepatientprivacyandwhetherthepatienthasaclearunderstandingofwhatisinvolvedwhenagreeingtotakepartintheexperiment.12.WhatisthemainfocusofBMItechnology?A.Advancinghumancommunication.B.Developingwirelessneuralsignalreception.C.Enhancingtheconnectionbetweenthebrainanddevices.D.Improvinginteractionbetweenparalyzedindividuals.13.WhatdoweknowabouttheBMIimplantationtrialmentionedinthearticle?A.Thepatientcouldcontrolaspecialglovetomove.B.TheBMIprocessorsusedaretoosmalltobeseenbythenakedeye.C.Thepatient’sneuraltissuesweredamagedduringtheimplantation.D.SignalsfromthewholebodywerereceivedbytheBMIprocessors.14.WhatisanimportantfeatureoftheimplantedBMIdevice?A.Minimallyinvasivewiredimplantation.B.Integrationofairpressuretechnology.C.Applicationinsimpleinteractivegaming.D.Useofwirelesspowerinsteadofbatterypower.15.WhataretheconcernsmentionedaboutBMItechnology?A.Ethicalissuesrelatedtopatientprivacy.B.Psychologicaleffectsonhealthyindividuals.C.Potentialphysicalimpactsforpatients.D.ThehighpriceofBMIproductsonthemarket.〖答案〗12.C13.A14.D15.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了BMI技术应用于帮助瘫痪患者，文章也介绍了该技术的优势以及该技术仍在开发阶段。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“BMIreferstocreatingaconnectionbetweenthehumanbrainandexternaldevices,makingdirectcommunicationbetweenthebrainandcomputers.(脑机接口是指在人脑与外部设备之间建立连接，实现大脑与计算机之间的直接通信)”可知，BMI技术主要在人脑和外部设备之间建立联系，使大脑和计算机之间进行通信。故选C。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Afterthreemonthsofhomerehabilitation(康复)training,thepatientcannowusehisbrainsignalstocontrolaspecialglovepoweredbyairpressure.Thishelpshimdothingslikedrinkingwaterindependently.(经过三个月的居家康复训练，这位患者现在能够使用他的大脑信号来控制一个由气压驱动的特殊手套。这帮助他能够独立地做一些事情，比如喝水)”可知，BMI技术可以帮助病人用他的大脑信号来控制一个由气压驱动的特殊手套。故选A。【14题详析】细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thesignificanceoftheprojectisthatthepatient’sneuraltissuewasnotdamagedduringtheprocess,whereaspreviousattemptsmayhavesuchrisks.Italsousesawirelesspowersupply,meaningthattheimplanteddevicedoesnotrequireabattery.(该项目的意义在于，在整个过程中患者的神经组织没有受到损伤，而之前的尝试可能会存在这种风险。此外，它还使用了无线供电方式，这意味着植入的设备不需要电池)”可知，BMI设备使用的是无线供电。故选D。【15题详析】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Meanwhile,ethicalconcerns(伦理问题)relatedtoBMIusersalsoneedtobeaddressed.Theseincludepatientprivacyandwhetherthepatienthasaclearunderstandingofwhatisinvolvedwhenagreeingtotakepartintheexperiment.(同时，与BMI用户相关的伦理问题也需要被解决。这些问题包括病人隐私以及病人在同意参与实验时是否清楚了解所涉及的内容)”可知，关于BMI技术的担忧是与患者隐私相关的伦理问题。故选A。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wanttofindouthowyoucanlearnanewlanguageasfastaspossible?Ifyoucommittoyournewlanguage,workhard,andhaveanopenmindaboutmakingmistakes,youcangofrombasicconversationalskillstofluencywithouttheneedforexpensiveclassesandyearsofdedicatedstudy.____16____Watchshowsormovies.____17____Possiblytheeasiestthingyoucandoiswatchtelevisionshowsormoviesinthelanguageyouaretryingtolearn.Tomakethingseasier,trytowatchshowsormovieswhoseplotsyouarealreadyfamiliarwith—likekids’cartoonsordubbedversionsofEnglishmovie.Knowingtheplotswillhelpyoutoidentifythemeaningsofwordsandphrases.____18____Studysmarter,notharder.Masteringeverydayconversationwillletyouhitthegroundrunning.It’smoreimportanttomasterbasicphrasesyou’llusefrequentlythanitistostartoffbylearningthealphabetortheperfectsentencestructure.Forexample,youcanlearnphraseslike:Hello,Goodbye,Howareyou?,I’mdoingwell,Whatisyourname?,Mynameis…,andsoon.Don’tworryaboutperfectgrammar.____19____Thereasonwhymostpeoplecan’tremembermostofthelanguagetheyspentyearslearninginschoolisthatschoolcurriculatendtofocusahugeamountoftimeonlearninggrammarandverylittletimeonspeech.____20____Thespecificsofgrammarwillcomelater.A.Learnhowtogreet.B.Learnbasicphrases.C.We’llletyouinontheeasiestlanguage-learningsecrets.D.Focusonconveyingamessageandbeingunderstandable.E.Languagelearnersareafraidofbeinglaughedatbylisteners.F.Ifyouwanttolearnalanguagequickly,youshouldlearnhowtotalkfirst.G.Immersioncanhelpyouquicklyimproveyourlisteningandspeakingskills.〖答案〗16.C17.G18.B19.D20.F【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何快速学习一门新语言。关键在于投入时间和精力，保持开放的心态，不怕犯错误。【16题详析】根据前文“

Ifyoucommittoyournewlanguage,workhard,andhaveanopenmindaboutmakingmistakes,youcangofrombasicconversationalskillstofluencywithouttheneedforexpensiveclassesandyearsofdedicatedstudy.

(如果你致力于你的新语言，努力学习，并对犯错误持开放的态度，你可以从基本的会话技能到流利，而不需要昂贵的课程和多年的专门学习)”可知，如果准备学门新的语言，努力学、不怕犯错误就会掌握基本技能，变得熟练，而且不用花钱上课。因此后文应该介绍具体学习语言的策略和方法。C选项“We’llletyouinontheeasiestlanguage-learningsecrets.(我们将告诉你最简单的语言学习秘诀)”承上启下，引出下文学习语言的建议和秘诀。故选C。【17题详析】根据本段小标题“Watchshowsormovies.(看节目或电影)”以及后文“Possiblytheeasiestthingyoucandoiswatchtelevisionshowsormoviesinthelanguageyouaretryingtolearn.

(也许你能做的最简单的事情就是看你正在学习的语言的电视节目或电影)”可知，此处强调通过看节目或者看电影的方式来学习语言。G选项“Immersioncanhelpyouquicklyimproveyourlisteningandspeakingskills.(沉浸式学习可以帮助你快速提高听说能力)”中的“沉浸式学习”方式与标题中的“看节目或者看电影”形成呼应即沉浸式学习指的事观看电视节目或者电影，这是最简单的学习语言的方式，该选项符合语境。故选G。【18题详析】该空为小标题即本段的段旨。根据后文“

It’smoreimportanttomasterbasicphrasesyou’llusefrequentlythanitistostartoffbylearningthealphabetortheperfectsentencestructure.

(掌握你经常使用的基本短语比从学习字母表或完美的句子结构开始更重要)”可知，本段强调的是学习语言过程中学习基本短语的重要性。B选项“Learnbasicphrases.(学习基本短语)”概括本段段旨，符合语境。故选B。【19题详析】根据后文“Thereasonwhymostpeoplecan’tremembermostofthelanguagetheyspentyearslearninginschoolisthatschoolcurriculatendtofocusahugeamountoftimeonlearninggrammarandverylittletimeonspeech.

(大多数人之所以记不住在学校里花了几年时间学习的大部分语言，是因为学校课程往往把大量的时间放在学习语法上，而很少花时间在学习口语上)”可知，学校课程过多关注语法、不怎么关注说话表达，造成很多人记不起学过的语言。所以前文应该强调的是不要过多关注于大量的语法上，在语言学习过程中应该专注于传达让人理解的信息。D选项“Focusonconveyingamessageandbeingunderstandable.(专注于传达信息和让人理解)”与下文呼应，符合语境。故选D。【20题详析】根据后文“Thespecificsofgrammarwillcomelater.(语法的细节稍后再讲)”可知，此处强调之后要注意语法的细节。设空处应该指出在学习语言过程中，应该先注意什么。F选项“Ifyouwanttolearnalanguagequickly,youshouldlearnhowtotalkfirst.(如果你想快速学会一门语言，你应该先学会如何说话)”指出，应该先学会如何表达，如何说话，与下文形成对应，符合语境。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Fortyyearsago,Mrs.Austenwasmyfirst-gradeteacher,anoldladywithsalt-and-pepperhair,firmbutkind,patientand____21____.Sheletusbakegingerbreadmenintheschoolcafeteria—adelightful____22____thatamazedme.Andwheneverwereadthe“JackandJanet”books,shewouldn’tlettheotherkids____23____myclassmateJackorme.ButIcametotruly____24____Mrs.Austenwhenadress-updaywas____25____.Onthatday,wewereencouragedtowearclothesinthe____26____ofthemid-1800s.Mymother,asuperbtailor,madeapioneer-styledressforme.Iwassoproud____27____itasIwalkedtoschoolthatday.WhenIgotthere,however,Iwastheonlyoneinmyclasswhohaddressedup,feelingkindof____28____.Mrs.Austenoohedandaahedovermy____29____andthenwenttoheroffice.Itdidn’ttakelongbeforeshe_____30_____inafrontier-styledress!Sheexplainedthatshehadaskedherhusbandtobringthecostume.Wemovedawaytwoyearslater,andIstill_____31_____thatInevertoldMrs.Austenhow_____32_____Iwastoher,ateacherwhowentoutofherway,andeven_____33_____herhusband’shelp,tokeepalittlegirlfromfeeling_____34_____.Ihadmanywonderfulteachersthroughouttheyears,butMrs.Austenhasalwayshelda(n)_____35_____placeinmyheart.21.A.neighborly B.cowardly C.grandmotherly D.scholarly22.A.treat B.view C.journey D.story23.A.callon B.laughat C.relateto D.engagewith24.A.remember B.approach C.believe D.appreciate25.A.appointed B.scheduled C.established D.canceled26.A.exhibition B.course C.style D.show27.A.making B.wearing C.holding D.owning28.A.contented B.frightened C.embarrassed D.disappointed29.A.cookies B.present C.material D.costume30.A.reappeared B.displayed C.announced D.modeled31.A.pretend B.assume C.imagine D.regret32.A.dedicated B.significant C.attached D.grateful33.A.deserve B.sought C.offered D.declined34.A.atease B.inorder C.outofplace D.undercontrol35.A.special B.typical C.obvious D.ideal〖答案〗21.C22.A23.B24.D25.B26.C27.B28.C29.D30.A31.D32.D33.B34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者对曾经老师的回忆，描述了和老师之间的一段温馨而深刻的师生关系。【21题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：四十年前，Austen夫人是我的一年级老师，一位头发花白、坚定而和蔼、耐心又慈祥的老太太。A.neighborly友好的；B.cowardly懦弱的、胆小的；C.grandmotherly慈祥的；D.scholarly学术性的、学者派头的。根据空前的“kind,patient”以及下文内容可知，Austen夫人是一位慈祥的老师。故选C。【22题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她让我们在学校的食堂烤姜饼人——这是一种令人愉快的款待，让我大吃一惊。A.treat款待；B.view观点；C.journey旅程；D.story故事。根据上文的“bakegingerbreadmen”可知，老师带学生在烤姜饼人，这是一种令人愉快的款待。故选A。【23题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：每当我们读《杰克和珍妮特》的故事时，她不会让其他孩子嘲笑我的同学Jack或我。A.callon号召；B.laughat嘲笑；C.relateto有关、涉及；D.engagewith与……接洽、衔接。根据空前“wheneverwereadthe“JackandJanet”books”可推测，作者的名字应该是Janet，而根据常理可知，小孩可能会因为自己的同学和故事书中人物同名而嘲笑同学。根据上文可知，这位老师非常的有爱心，由此可知，她会阻止自己的学生这样做。故选B。【24题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当学校安排了一次装扮日时，我才真正感激Austen夫人。A.remember记得；B.approach接近；C.believe相信；D.appreciate欣赏、感激。根据下文内容以及“ateacherwhowentoutofherway,andeven________herhusband’shelp,tokeepalittlegirlfromfeeling________.”可知，作者非常感激自己的老师曾经为她所做的一切，保护了一个女孩的自尊心。故选D。【25题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，当学校安排了一次装扮日时，我真正感受到了Austen夫人的特别。A.appointed任命、委派；B.scheduled安排；C.established建立；D.canceled取消。根据下文“Onthatday,wewereencouragedtowearclothesinthe_______ofthemid-1800s.”可知，学校安排了一次装扮日。故选B。【26题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那一天，我们被鼓励穿19世纪中期风格的衣服。A.exhibition展览；B.course课程；C.style风格；D.show表演、展览。根据下文“Mymother,asuperbtailor,madeapioneer-styledressforme.”可知，学校鼓励学生在装扮日穿19世纪中期风格的衣服。故选C。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天我穿着它去上学，我感到很自豪。A.making制作；B.wearing穿戴；C.holding持有、保持；D.owning拥有。根据上文“Mymother,asuperbtailor,madeapioneer-styledressforme.”以及下文“Iwastheonlyoneinmyclasswhohaddressedup”可知，作者是穿着妈妈所做的裙子去了学校。故选B。【28题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我到达那里时，却发现我是班里唯一一个装扮过的学生，这让我感到有点尴尬。A.contented满意的；B.frightened害怕的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.disappointed失望的。根据空前“Iwastheonlyoneinmyclasswhohaddressedup”可知，作者是班里唯一一个穿着19世纪中期风格裙子的人，根据常理可知，作者此时感到有点尴尬。故选C。【29题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Austen夫人对我的服装啧啧称奇，然后去了她的办公室。A.cookies饼干；B.present礼物；C.material物质；D.costume服装。根据上文可知，作者穿着妈妈做的19世纪中期风格的裙子，由此可知，Austen是对作者的服装啧啧称奇。故选D。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：没过多久，她又出现了，穿着一件边疆风格的裙子！A.reappeared再出现；B.displayed显示、表现；C.announced通知；D.modeled模仿、做模型。根据上文“Mrs.Austenoohedandaahedovermy________andthenwenttoheroffice.”可知，Austen夫人去了办公室，由此可知，空处指的是她穿着一件边疆风格的裙子再次出现了。故选A。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A.pretend假装；B.assume假定、设想；C.imagine想象；D.regret遗憾。根据空后“InevertoldMrs.Austenhow________Iwastoher”可知，作者并未向老师表达自己的感激，由此可知，作者感到很遗憾。故选D。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A.dedicated专注的；B.significant重要的；C.attached附加的；D.grateful感激的。根据上文内容可知，Austen老师看到只有作者一人穿了19世纪风格的衣服，为了保护一个小女孩的自尊心，老师让丈夫为自己送来了那个时代的服装，并且穿上从而让作者不会感到尴尬。由此可推测，作者对老师充满了感激。故选D。【33题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A.deserved值得；B.sought寻找；C.offered提供；D.declined下降、拒绝。根据上文“Sheexplainedthatshehadaskedherhusbandtobringthecostume.”可知，Austen老师当时是向自己的丈夫寻求帮助。故选B。【34题详析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：两年后我们搬走了，我至今仍感到遗憾，我从未对Austen夫人说过我是多么感激她，这位老师不仅费尽心思，甚至还请她丈夫帮忙，让一个小女孩不会感到格格不入。A.atease轻松地；B.inorder整齐、秩序井然；C.outofplace格格不入、不相称的；D.undercontrol在控制下。根据上文“WhenIgotthere,however,Iwastheonlyoneinmyclasswhohaddressedup,feelingkindof________.”可知，当时只有作者一人穿着19世纪风格的衣服，由此可知，当时的作者感到自己与其他同学格格不入，而幸亏Austen老师，作者才没有这种感觉。故选C。【35题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些年来，我遇到过许多优秀的老师，但Austen夫人在我心中一直占据着一个特殊的位置。A.special特殊的；B.typical典型的；C.obvious明显的；D.ideal理想的。根据