人教版新目标2013版九年级英语笔记

Howcanwebecomegoodleaners?单元重点：1adosthbydoingsth1c主题句型：Howdoyoustudyforatest?Istudybyworkingwithagroup.2a1.whatabout与howabout:Whataboutlisteningtotapes?Whataboutreadingaloudtopracticepronunciation?Whatabout=Howaboutabout介词后面的动词要加ing2.Aloudloudloundly的辨析Aloudadv.出声地用于readthink,没有比较级最高级。Eg.Whataboutreadingaloudtopracticepronunciation?Loudadv.adj.响亮大声，用于speakshouttalk,常用于口语，多用于比较级。Pleasespeaklouder.Loudly喧闹嘈杂不悦耳，多用于ringknock：Theyarguedloudlyinthenextroom.2bI’vlearndalotthatway.（1）.Alotof=lot’sof修饰名词，表示许多。Alittle修饰不可数名词，一点儿，很少Thereisalittlewaterintheglass.（2）.alot很，非常。作状语修饰动词或比较级，多用在肯定句中：Thanksalot.Ifeelalot/muchbetternow.我感觉好多了。Alittle也可跟alot一样用：Memorizingthewordsofpopsongsalsohelpalittle.2.Ithinkithelps.我认为它有帮助。3.It’stoohardtoundersandspokenEnglish.知识点：太怎样以至于不能。考点：句型转换：too…to…与so…that..SpokenEnglshissohardthatIcan’tunderstanditIt’toohardtoundersandspokenEnglish.类似的在某些情况下还可以相互转换的句型有：Havetroubledoingsth.Haveadifficulttimedoingsth.It’s…(difficult)forsb.todosth.notenoughtodosth.Eg.IhavetroubleunderstandingspokenEnglish.IhaveadifficulttimeunderstandingspokenEnglish.It’sdifficultformetounderstandspokenEnglish.Mydaughterisfiveyearsold.Sheisnotenoughtogotoprimaryschool.Mydaughtersoyongthatshecan’tgotoprimaryschool.TheboyransofastthatIcouldn’tcatchhim.Theboyrantoofasttocatchhim.Hewassoangrythathecouldn’tsayaword.2dIhavetofinishreadingabookandgiveareportnextMonday.（1）.haveto从客观上讲不得不做某事。（2）.must从主观上讲不得不做某事。Must的用法拓展（一），（1）肯定：必须，应该：Imustfinishmyhomeworkbeforefiveo’clock.Mustyoufinishyourhomeworkbeforeeighto’clock?Yes,Imust.No,Ineedn’t.No,Idon’thaveto.(2)、否定：mustn’t表示禁止做某事。Youmustn’ttalkwithothersinclass.(二)，must作情态动词表推测：unit8ItmustbelongtoCarla.（1），表肯定：Theremustbesomemistakes.Thebabycan'tbeill.HeissoactiveThebookmustbeTom’s.Hisnameisonit.(2),表否定用can’t:Whoistalkinginthenextroom?Itcan’tbeTom,HehasgonetoShanghai.2.Ihavetofinishreadingabookandgiveareport.Finish+v.ingfinish后面的动词加ing.类似的动词还有：practiceenjoymindkeepgostoprememberforgetlikeprefersuggestagainst(反对)联想拓展：跟不定式to的有：Liketodowanttodogetusedtodobeusedtodolearntodoexpecttodorefusetodopretendtodo,promisetodo,beabletodobegintodoneedto3.Ihavetofinishreadingabookandgiveareport.短语：giveareport.作报告giveaspeech作演讲4.Justreadquicklytogetthemainideasatfirst.短语：(1)atfirst起初，开始，暗示后来又变化。(2)Forthefirsttime(有生以来第一次，一段时间以来第一次)Ihavebeenhereforninemonth,forthefirsttime,Imissedmyparentssomuch.(3)firstofall,首先，就顺序而言。tostart/beginwith(首先)Atfirst,Ididn’tlikeEnglish,butnowIdo.5.Don’treadwordbyword.Wordbyword逐字逐句地Onebyone一个接一个地6.短语：bepatient要有耐心Ittakestime这需要时间3a1.WhydidWeiFenfinditdifficulttolearnEnglish?Finditdifficulttodosth.发现做某事很困难。2.Thesecrettolanguagelearning语言学习的秘诀3.HowIlearndtolearnEnglish学习怎样学英语Learntodosth.学习做某事。4.TheteacherspokensoquicklythatIdidnotunderstandhermostofthetime.(1)mostofthetime绝大多数时候(2)sothat与tooto之间的转换：Theteacherspokentooquicklytounderstandhermostofthetime.5.Iwasafraidtoaskquestionsbecauseofmypoorpronunciation.(1)beafraidtodosth害怕去做某事（因害怕而不敢做某事）Iwasafraidtospeakinclass.(2)beafraidofsth.害怕某事物。Wereyouafraidofthedarkwhenyouwereachild?I’mafraidofthesnakes.(3)beafraidofdoingsth害怕做某事（事情本身有危险）Theboyisafraidoffallingintotheriver.Jimisafraidofgoingtobedinthedark.吉姆害怕摸黑上床睡觉。6.because与becauseofBecause连词，其后跟一个完整的句子。Becauseoff复合介词，其后跟代词名词。Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdaybecauseofhisillness.7.Ifellinlovewiththisexcitingandfunnymovie!fallinlovewith爱上fall的联想拓展：falls瀑布，陨石。fall落下，摔倒fell(过去式)fallen(过去分词)fallinto落入陷入fallasleep入睡8.be/fallasleep,sleepgo/gettosleep,gotobed的辨析这组词都与“睡”有关，但侧重点有所不同。(1).sleep强调“睡觉”这一动作，是延续性动词，可与表示时间的状语连用。如：Hesleptforeighthours.他睡了八个小时。Whycouldn`tthemandownstairssleep?楼下那个人为什么睡不着？(2).beasleep表示“睡着”的状态，是系表结构，其中asleep不能用very修饰，只能用sound,fast等词修饰。如：Thebabyisfastasleep.孩子睡得很香。Thelittlegirlissoundasleep.这个小女孩睡得很熟。(3).fallasleep意指“睡着”，表示一个动作的过程，侧重于“自然而然地入睡、不想入睡而入睡”的含义。如：Hewasjustfallingasleepwhentherewasaloudknockatthedoor.他刚睡着，就有人使劲敲门。Idon`tknowwhenIfellasleeplastnight.我不知道昨晚什么时候睡着的。(4).gotosleep指“入睡、进入梦乡”这个动作，即begintosleep。如：Hewassotiredthathewenttosleepsoon.他很累，不久就睡着了。Ijustwanttoclosemyeyesandgotosleepasquicklyaspossible.我正想合上眼，尽快地睡上一觉。(5).gettosleep意为“睡着、入眠”，强调进入睡眠状态，且多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中。如：Iwaswaitingforthesoundoftheothershoe!Ican`tgettosleep.我在等另一只鞋的落地声！我睡不着。(6).gotobed意为“就寝、上床睡觉”，着重指上床准备睡觉的动作，无“睡着”之意。一般说来，是gotobed在前，然后才go/gettosleep或fallasleep。如：Heusuallygoestobedatteno`clockandgoestosleep/fallsasleepfiveminuteslater.他通常十点钟就寝，五分钟后入睡。Onemankeephealthyifhegoestobedearlyandgetsupearly.如果一个人早睡早起，他就能保持身体健康。9.Theirbodylanguageandtheexpressionsontheirfaceshelpedmetogetthemeaning.Help的用法（1）helpsb.todosth.CanyouhelpmetolearnEnglish?你能帮助我学英语吗？（2）withthehelpof在……帮助下Withthehelpofher,hefoundhislostchild.在她的帮助下，他找到了失踪的小孩（3）helpsb.withsth.PleasehelpmewithmyFrench.（4）helponeself（to）自用（食物等）。Helpyourselftothefish.请随便吃鱼。9.Ilookthemupinadictionarylookup动副短语，代词作宾语放中间。Ioftenlookupnewwordsinadictionary.4c短语：takenotes记笔记keepadiary记日记Unit1Howcanwebecomegoodlearners?SectionB1a1.pronouncev.与pronunciationn.Ican`tpronouncesomeofthewords.Iwasafraidtoaskquestionsbecauseofmypoorpronunciation.2.spokenEnglish英语口语3.increase和improve:Idon’tknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.HowcanIimprovemypronunciation?increase的意思是“增加”，侧重指的是数据方面的增加improve的意思是“提升，提高，进步”，属于比较小的，比如说学习进步了develop“发展”，一般指的是比较重大的，像历史、科技发展之类的4.特殊疑问词加不定式句型跟宾语从句之间的转换：(1)Idon’tknowhowtoincreasemyreadingspeed.Idon’tknowhowIshouldincreasemyreadingspeed.(2)Shedidn'tknowwhichblousetobuy.=Shedidn'tknowwhichblousesheshouldbuy.(3)I'mthinkingaboutwhattosay.=I'mthinkingaboutwhatIshouldsay.我在考虑说什么。(4)Icouldnotdecidewhichdictionarytobuy.=IcouldnotdecidewhichdictionaryIshouldbuy.5.短语：makemistakes=makeamistake犯错Ingrammar在语法方面1b.1.活跃的动词不定式to用法之一：表示动作的目的(1)Idon’tknowenoughwordstowritewell.(2)HecanjoinanEnglishlanguageclubtopracticespeaking(3)Heshouldfindapenpaltopracticewriting.(4)Idon’thaveapartnertopracticeEnglishwith.1c1.课文原句：Hecan’tgetthepronunciationright.Hedoesn’tgetmuchwritingpractice.get的用法小结：(1)获得，得到，收到，买：Wheredidyougetthebook?Hegetsfirstprizeinthelisteningcontest.(比赛)Igotanewcoatinthatstorelastweek.IgotaletterfromTomthismorning.我收到来自汤姆的信（受到某人的信还可用hearfrom）(2)作为连系动词，后接形容词，表示“变成、变得”Theweathergetswarmer,andthedaysgetlonger.(3)作使役动词：使、、、让、、、getsb.todosth.让某人做某事:Igothimtocleantheblackboard.Don'tgetyourhandsdirty.getsth.done:I'llhavemyhaircuttomorrow.=I'llgetmyhaircuttomorrow.Wehadthemachinerepaired.=Wegotthemachinerepaired.(4)getsth.forsb.替某人买、拿东西。Hewenttotheofficeandgotsomechalk(粉笔)forhisteacher.(5)get+adj.变得、、、形成、、、状态。Itisgettingdarkeranddarker.(6)与get相关的常见词组：getout出去getback回来，取回来getto到达geton(abus/train)上车getup起床get(well)onwithsb.跟某人相处（得好）getinto2.常见的几个提建议的句型：(1).Whatabout…Howabout…Whataboutreadingaloudtopracticepronunciation?(2).whydon’tyou…=whynot…Whydon’tyoulistentoEnglishsongsontheradioandrepeatthedifficultwords?(3).canshouldmayHecanjoinanEnglishlanguageclubtopracticespeaking?Heshouldfindapenpaltopracticewriting.MayItakethisbookhometoread?肯定用Yes,please.否定用No,youmustn’t./No,youcan’t或No,you’dbetternot.(4)ShallI(we)…Willyou…ShallIopenthewindowandclosethedoor?Shallwegoswimmingthisafternoon?Willyoutellmewherethenearestbookshopis?(5).Let’sLet’sgoandfindsomethinginterestingtodo.(6).Wouldyouplease…Couldyouplease…Couldyoupleasegohikingwithme?(7)You’dbetter…You’d=Youhad…You’dbetternotgooutatnight.(8)“Don’t+动词原形Don’tbelatenexttime,please.1c1d中的短语:talktosb.talkwithsb.athome2b1.bebornwith天生具有。Everyoneisbornwiththeabilitytolearn.2.dependson取决于：Butwhetherornotyoucandothiswelldependsonyourlearninghabits.但是你是否能做好这件事取决于你的学习习惯。Alldependsontheweather.3.incommon共同的，共有的。Researchshowsthatsuccessfullearnershavesomegoodhabitsincommon.收索，找遍许多例子我们会发现成功的学习者通常都有共同的好的学习习惯。IhavenothingincommonwithJane.我和简毫无共同之处。Hehadverylittleincommonwithhissister. 他和姐姐几乎没有什么共同语言。Wehappenedtodiscoverwehadafriendincommon. 我们凑巧发现我们有一个共同的朋友。4.beinterestingin对、、、感兴趣。5.beeasyforsb.todosth.对于某人来说做某事容易。bedifficultforsb.todosth.payattentionto注意，留意。课文原句：Studiesshowthatifyouareinterestedinsomething,yourbrainismoreactiveanditisalsoeasierforyoutopayattentiontoitforalongtime.如果你对学习活动中的一些事情感兴趣的话，那么你的大脑就会更积极活跃并且对你来说长时间保持注意力也很容易。payattentionto（to是介词，接动词+ing））注意，留意：Ihopeyouwillpayattentiontothisproblem.Youmustpayattentiontoyourteacherintheclass.Theypaidattentiontowatchingthescene.他们注意到了观察现场6.connect···with···把···和···联系起来。课文原句：Goodlearnersoftenconnectwhattheyneedtolearnwithsomethinginteresting.好的学习者通常会把他们要学习的东西跟一些有趣的东西联系起来。7.getbored变得厌烦。begoodat擅长→→dowellin在某方面做得好。他们之间可以做同义句转换。thinkof与thinkaboutthinkof想起：Whatgoodlearninghabitscanyouthinkof？thinkabout思考考虑：Goodlearnersthinkaboutwhattheyaregoodatandwhattheyneedtopracticemore.8.课文原句：Practicemakesperfect.知识点：make的用法小结：(1)做；制作；制造:Canyoumakeanymooncakes?(2)使，迫使，令：=1\*GB3①主动句：makesb.dosth.:Idon'tlikemilk,butshemademedrinkit.Don'tmakethebabycryanymore.不要再让那个孩子哭了。Sadmoviesmakemecry.(来自Unit11单元题目)=2\*GB3②被动句：sb.bemadetodosth.:Practicemakesperfect.在主动语态中其后要跟省略to的不定式作宾语补足语，而在被动语态中，to不能省去。如：Shewasmadetowaitforoveranhour.她被迫等了一个多钟头。◆英语中，类似于make这种用法的动词还有let,have,hear,see,watch,notice,feel等。如：Isawhimputthekeyintothekeyhole,turnitandopenthedoor.我看见他把钥匙插进锁孔，转动钥匙，然后打开了门。Shewasseentogointotheclassroom.有人看见她进了教室。=3\*GB3③make作系动词，其后跟形容词作表语：TheawfulpicturesmakeAmyuncomfortable.(选自Unit11SectionB1b)TheloudmuseicmakesAmynevous.关于make的短语：makeamistake犯错误makeatelephonecall打电话makefriendswith与……交朋友makeadecisiontodosth决定做某事。decidetodosth.makeaface做鬼脸makealiving谋生；维持生活makemoney赚钱makeone'sbed铺床；收拾床铺makeone'swayto往……走makesure确信；务必；弄清楚9课文原句：Goodlearnerswillkeeppracticingwhattheyhavelearned.Keep用法小结：(1)用作及物动词：(a).意为保存、保留、保持、留下：Couldyoukeeptheselettersforme,please?I'llkeepaseatforyou.我给你留个座位。Itcanhelptokeepvegetables,fruitandmeatforalongtimeinhotsummer.在炎热的夏天，它有助于蔬菜、水果和肉类长时间保鲜Canyoukeepasecret?你能保守秘密吗？Hekeptallmoneyinthebank.(b).履行（诺言）遵守（法律规则）Everybodymustkeepthelaw(c).意为"照顾、养活、赡养、饲养"等。如Shekepthersisterforaweekwhilehersisterwasill.Ihaveafamilytokeep.我得养活一家人。Theoldmankeptmanyanimalslikedogs,pigs,andcats.(d).经营，管理：Hekeptahotelinthiscity.(e).借：borrow是不可持续动词，当要表达借某东西多久时，就用keep:HowlongcanIkeepthisbook?这本书我可借多长时间？Youcankeepitfortwoweeks.你可以借两周(f).意为"记(日记、帐等)"。如：shekeepsadiaryeveryday.她坚持每天记日记(g).意为"使……保持某种(状态、位置或动作等)"。这时要在keep的宾语后接补足语，构成复合宾语。其中宾语补足语通常由形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词和过去分词等充当。如：Weshouldkeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.(形容词)我们应保持教室整洁干净。Theotherstudentsintheclasskeeptheireyesclosed.(过去分词)班上其他同学都闭着眼睛keep…awayfrom…使什么远离什么。You'dbetterkeepthechildawayfromthefire.(副词)Thebadweatherkeepsusinsidethehouse.(介词短语)坏天气使我们不能出门。keepsb.doingsth.Don'tkeepmewaitingforlong.(现在分词)别让我等太久。(2).用作联系动词，构成系表结构：keep＋表语，意为"保持，继续(处于某种状态)"Youmustlookafteryourselfandkeephealthy.(形容词)你必须照顾好自己，保持身体健康（keephealthy=keepinhealth）Sheknewshemustkeepcalm.她知道她必须保持镇静(3).含keep的其它常用句型：（a）.keep（on）doingsth.意为"继续干某事":Hekeptworkingallday,becausehewantedtofinishtheworkontime.他整天都在不停地工作，因为他想准时完成工作。(b).keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事：Theheavysnowkeptusfromgoingout.大雪使我们不能出去。10.notenoughtodosth.:课文原句：Itisnotenoughtojuststudyhard.仅仅只靠努力是不够的。lookfor寻找lookafter照看照顾takecareof照看照顾takeafter（有血缘关系）的人之间外貌性格相像（遗传像）looklike广泛的人，物，事之间相像。(看上去像)besimilarto一般都是在相近似的物品和情境的对比上11.trytodosth.和trydoingsth.的辨析：trytodosth.努力做某事Trytobehereontimetryone’sbesttodosth.Youmusttryyourbesttofinishyourtest.trydoingsth.尝试做某事Itriedknockingatthedoor,butnobodyanswered.我试着敲了敲后门，但没人回答。SelfCheck练习题一。1.bestressedout有压力的haveatest考试课文原句：Areyoustressedouteachtimeyouhavearest?Whenyouarestressedout,youshouldlistentomusic.I'vebeenstressedoutaboutmyoralexam.我觉得口语考试压力大2.rembertodosth.记得去做某事。remberdoingsth.记得做过某事。课文原句：Rembertotakenotesinclass.类似的短语还有：(1)stoptodo与stopdoingstoptodosth.停止正在做的事情，去做另外一件事。（结果还在做）stopdoingsth停止做某事。（最后结果：没有做事了）stopdoingsth.是停止做某事指停止做原来的事情e.g.Hearingthedoorbell,shestoppedwashingthedishes.听见门铃声，她停止洗碗了。stoptodo是停下（手头的事情）去做另外一件事e.g.Hearingthedollbell,shestoppedtoopenthedor.听见门铃声，她停下手中的活去开门。(2)forgettodo与forgetdoingforgettodo忘记去做某事。(未做)forgetdoing忘记做过某事。(已做)Thelightintheofficeisstilon.Heforgottoturnitoff.办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)Heforgotturningthelightoff.他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作)Don'tforgettocometomorrow.3.bitbybit一点点地；渐渐地Hesavedmoneybitbybituntilhehaveenoughtobuyacar.他一点儿一点儿攒钱直到够买一辆汽车。4.atonce立刻，马上同意短语：rightawayinaminute5.worryabout与beworriedaboutbeworriedabout表示一个状态；而worryabout表示一个动作(1)worryabout担忧，担心。Youdon'thavetoworryaboutme.I'magoodswimmer. 你不用担心我。我水性很好(2)Don'tbeworriedabouttomorrow'stest,youwillpassit.不要担心明天的测试，你会通过的。Heisworriedabouthisson.他为儿子担心。Heisworryingabouthisson.他正担心他的儿子。Heworriesabouthisson.他为儿子担心。练习题二，What’sthematter?同义句转换：What’swrongwithyou?Unit2Ithinkthatmooncakesaredelicious!单元重点：1.宾语从句2.感叹句一。宾语从句（一）概念：在复合句中，由一个句子充当宾语，这个句子就叫做宾语从句。（二）要点：关联词时态语序（三）具体讲解：1.关联词：(1)从句原型是陈述句：that（有时可省略）Ithink(that)Halloweenisafunfestival.Marythinks(that)theteamswerejustfantastic.(2)从句原型是一般疑问句whether/if:Iwonderif/whetherthey’llhavetheracesagainnextyear.Benwondersif/whetherAprilisagoodtimetovisitThailand.(3)从句原型是特殊疑问句：whowhatwhichwhenwherehowwhy:Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare?Canyoutellmewhosheis?2.时态：(1).如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?(2)如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.(3).如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.3.宾语从句的语序：宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序。例如：Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.4.宾语从句中whether和if有什么区别whether和if都可以引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。如：Iwonderif/whetherIcangetsomeadvicefromyou.Iaskhimwhether/ifhecancome.但在有些情况下，whether和if的用法有一定区别。(1).whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或ornot直接连用，而if一般不能。如：正：Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.误：Letmeknowifyoucancomeornot.(2).当宾语从句提到句首时，只能用whether引导，而不能用if。正：Whetheritistrueornot,Ican’ttell.误：Ifitistrueornot,Ican’ttell.(3).whether可以引导带to的不定式，if则不能。如：正：Idon’tknowwhethertoaccept(接受)orrefuse（拒绝）.误：Idon’tknowiftoacceptorrefuse.(4).whether及其引导的成分可放在介词之后，作介词的宾语，但if不能。如：正：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.误：IworryaboutifIhurtherfeelings.第(5)点用法区别作为了解，可以不背：(5).whether可以引导从句，作主语、表语或同位语，而if不能。正：Itwasuncertainwhetherhewouldcome.误：Itwasuncertainifhewouldcome.正：HisfirstquestionwaswhetherTomhadarrivedyet.误：HisfirstquestionwasifTomhadarrivedyet.正：Wemustconsiderthequestionwhetherwewilltakethesemeasures.误：Wemustconsiderthequestionifwewilltakethesemeasures.总结：if在宾语从句中不可用的情况：介后ornot,宾、to前，主、表，同位皆不用。5.宾语从句的否定转移主句的谓语动词是：thinkbelieveimaginesupposeconsiderexpectguess等词时，主句的主语是第一人称，时态为一般现在时的时候，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致：Idon’tthinkhewillcometomyparty.而不能说成Ithinkhewon’tcometomyparty.我认为他不会来我的舞会.Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,ishe?我认为那个人不是Jim所杀的,是不是?如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词,其反义疑问句要用肯定形式：Wefindthatheneverlistenstotheteachercarefully,doeshe?我们发现他从来不仔细听老师讲课,是不是?二.感叹句：感叹句是表示说话时的惊异、喜悦、气氛、哀伤等强烈感情的句子。通常由how或what引导，句末用感叹号。1.由what引导的感叹句：(1)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语）！：Whataclevergirlsheis!(2)What形容词+可数名词复数形式（+主语+谓语）！Whatbeautifulflowerstheyare!(3)What形容词+不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！Whatsweet+wateritis!2.由howy引导的感叹句：(1)How+形容词+a/an+可数名词的单数形式（+主语+谓语）！Howusefulasubjecttheyarelearning!(2)How+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）Howhotitistoday!Howdeliciousthemooncakesare!Howfastheruns!(3)How+主语+谓语！Howtimeflies!总结：1.形容词后有名词用what,形容词后无名词用how.2.总观how和what的六种结构：相同的是:How/what形容词主语谓语不同的是：(1)whata/an形容词:How形容词a/anWhataclevergirlsheis!Howcleveragirlsheis!(2)How+形容词+主语+谓语！Howdeliciousthemooncakesare!Whatdeliciousmooncakestheyare！Howhotitistoday!Howsweetthewateris!Whatahotdayitis!Whatsweetwateritis!3.陈述句改为感叹句陈述句改为感叹句时，常使用“一断二加三换位”的方法：(1)“一断”，即在谓语动词后边断开，把句子分成两部分Sheis~abeautifulgirl.Heworks~hard.(2)“二加”，即如果第二部分的第一个词为形容词、副词，就加上how；如果是名词（词组），就加上what。Sheis~（what）abeautifulgirl.Heworks~(how)hard.(3)“三换位”，即把第一部分与第二部分互换位置，同时把句号换为感叹句。Whatabeautifulgirlsheis!Howhardheworks!2cputon增加（体重），发胖课文原句：I’vputonfivepounds.Puton穿衣服Heputonacoatandranoutofthehouse.拓展：关于穿衣的几种表达：dress给某人穿dressup打扮装饰，穿上盛装，盛装打扮Puton强调穿衣动作wear强调穿什么衣服的样子、状态。In其后跟颜色，表示穿什么颜色的衣服。Heputonacoatandranoutofthehouse.Hedressedhissonacoatandranoutofthehouse.Heworeacoatandranoutofthehouse.Themaninaredcoatranoutofthehouse.2d一，关于in加一段时间的表达：in+一段时间，表示一段时间之后或者一段时间以内。课文原句：I’mgoingtoChiangMaiintwoweeks.考点：针对划线部分提问：HowsoonareyougoingtoChiangMai?Myfatherwillcomebackinthreehours.Howsoonwillyourfathercomeback?拓展：针对划线部分提问，用到howlonghowsoonhowfarhowoftenhowmanyhowmuchhowold:1.howlong:IhavelearnedEnglishfortenyears.HowlonghaveyoulearnedEnglish?Thisriverisabouttenkilometerslong.Howlongisthisriver?2.howsoon:Jimwillreturnintwoweeks.HowsoonwillJimreturn?3.howfar:Hisschoolistwokilometersawayfromhishome.Howfarishisschoolfromhishome?4.howoften:TomwatchesTVtwiceaweek.HowoftendoeshewatchTV.拓展：对“次数”提问用howmanytimes。如：HehasbeentoEnglandtwice.→HowmanytimeshashebeentoEngland?5.Howmany:Therearesevendaysinaweek.Howmanydaysarethereinaweek?TherearefiftystudentsinClass1.HowmanystudentsarethereinClass1?6.howmuchShespenttenyuanonthebook.Howmuchdidshespendonthebook?7.howold:Herbrotherisfiveyearsold.Howoldisherbrother?=What’sherbrother’sage?二.besimilarto的用法:1.besimilarto一般都是在相近似的物品和情境的对比上:课文原句：Iwonderifit`ssimilartotheWaterFestivaloftheDaipeopleinYunnanProvince.我想知道泰国泼水节和中国云南省傣族泼水节是否相似。Myproblemsaresimilartoyours.我的问题与你的类似2.takeafter（有血缘关系）的人之间外貌性格相像（遗传像）Hetakesafterhisfather,adrunkard.[`drʌŋkəd].他就像他父亲一样，醉汉一个。3.looklike广泛的人，物，事之间看起来相像。(指样子看起来像)：(1)Helookslikeadoctorwhenhewearsawhiteuniform.Thecontour[`kɔntuə]轮廓ofthatmountainlookslikeadragon龙拓展：looklik的其他用法：(2)询问某人长什么样：Whatdoesyoursisterlooklike?你的姐姐长什么样？注意：What`syoursisterlike?（belike问性格）你姐姐怎样？你姐姐是怎样的人？Whatdoesyoursisterdo?你姐姐是做什么的？4.besimilarto,takeafter,looklike,之间相互转换：Heissimilartohismother.Hetakesafterhismother.Helookslikehismother.5.similar相似和same相同Same前要加定冠词the:Asimilarmistake相似的错误thesamemistake相同的错误Thebrotherslookverysimilar.Iaminthesameclasswithhim.Same的拓展：thesameas相同bedifferentfrom不同thesameas:Thispenisthesameasmine.Thispenisdifferentfrommine.Ihavethesamelonghairasmysister.Saltisthesamecolorassnow.3a一，短语：intheshapeof是···的形状课文原句：MooncakesareintheshapeofafullmoonontheMid-Autumnnight.月饼是中秋晚上月亮的样子。二，短语：1,plantodosth.计划做某事。课文原句：HouYiplannedtodrinkitwithChane`e.2,refusetodosth.拒绝做某事课文原句：Chang`erefusedtogiveittohimanddrankitall.3,flyupto···飞到···地方课文原句：Shebecameverylightandflewuptothemoon.4,layout摆开，布置课文原句：Hequicklylaidoutherfavoritefruitsanddessertsinthegarden.注意：lay(放置)laidlaidlayout摆开布置Lie(存在，平躺，处于)laylain5，asaresult结果4b一，短语：givesth.tosb.=givesbsth.takeout取出课文原句：Americanchildrenoftengivegiftstotheirparentsortakethemoutforlunchordinner.Americanchildrenoftengivetheirparentsgifts.联想，关于take的短语：Takeaway拿走takeafter长得像takepartin参加takeoff起飞/脱下takecareof照看照顾takeiteasy放松别紧张takeaphoto/takephotos照相takenotes记笔记takesb./sth.to某地：带某人或某物去某地二，关于spend的用法;（花钱买东西的表达：spendcosttakepayfor）1.spendtime/moneyonsth.Ispenttenyuanonthepen.Ispenttwohoursonthismathproblem.2.spendtime/money(in)doingsth.花钱，时间做某事。Theyspenttwoyears(in)buildingthisbridge.Ispent40minutes(in)doingmyhomework.3.spentmoneyforsthIspenttenyuanforthepen.拓展：1,take类似的用法：花时间，钱做某事。(1),Howlongwillittakeyoutodoyourhomeworkeveryday?每天做作业要花费你多长时间？Itake40minutestodomyhomeworkeveryday.=Ittakesmy40minutestodomyhomeworkeveryday.(2),花钱买东西:Itusuallytakesher20yuantobuybookseveryweek.每周买书通常要花费她20元钱。=Shetakes20yuantobuybookseveryweek.2.cost的类似用法：物作主语，表示某物价值多少钱。costcost(过去式)cost(过去分词)(1)Thepencoststenyuan.(2)Thepencostsme10yuan.(3)也可表示做某事要花多少时间(初中少见这种用法):Doingmyhomeworkcostme40minutes.3.pay的类似用法：paypaid(过去式)paid(过去分词)payfor付钱(1)payforsth.(2)paymoneyforsth.Ineedtogetsomemoneytopayforsummercamp.Mybrotherpaidfortheshoes.Ipaidtenyuanforthepen.Unit2IthinkthatmooncakesaredeliciousSectionB1c一.短语：1.turnon打开turnoff关闭turnup调高，调大turndown调低，调小课文原句：Theyturnoffthelightsandlightcandles.2.dressup装饰，打扮，穿上盛装，盛装打扮。dressupas装扮成···课文原句：Littlekidsandevenparentsdressupasghostsorblackcats.Youdonotneedtodressupfordinner.你不必为了晚宴盛装打扮WeshalldressthehallupfortheNationalDay.我们要把大厅布置一新过国庆节。Motherlovedtodressmeup.妈妈喜欢装扮我3.playatrickonsb.戏弄捉弄某人；开某人的玩笑，欺骗某人。课文原句：Kidswillplayatrickonyouifyoudon`tgivethematreat.联想：telljokes讲笑话：Whenamupset,theycantelljokesforme拓展：关于joke的短语：telljokesonsb=telljokesaboutsb,讲关于某人的笑话。IwilltellyousomejokesaboutJack.我给你们讲几个关于杰克的笑话。Ijustplayedsomejokesonhim,nobigdeal.我只是对他恶作剧而已，没什么大不了的。telljokestosb=tellsbjokes,给某人讲笑话。Letmetellsomejokestothegirls.我去给姑娘们讲些笑话4.treatsb.款待某人givesb.atreat款待某人课文原句：Kidswillplayatrickonyouifyoudon`tgivethematreat.Hedoesn`ttreatothersnicely.他从不热情友好的款待他人。（选自2b）2b一.Usefulexpressions:1.thetruemeaningofChristmas圣诞节的真谛2.give···to···：giveloveandjoytopeoplearoundus3.peoplearoundus我们周围的人4.named/called叫什么名字的某人某物：课文原句：ItisaboutanoldmannamedScroogewhoneverlaughsorsmiles.5.peopleinneed需要帮助的人二.hatetodosth.与hatedoingsth.hatetodosth.（一次性的）hatedoingsth.（经常性的）Ihatetodancewithyoutoday.Ihatedancingwithyou.三.usedto,beusedtodo,与beusedtodoing的区别：1，usedto过去常常做某事：Heusedtogotothelibraryinsummerholidays.。Iusedtogetupearlyandtakeanhour'swalkbeforebreakfast.我过去常常起床很早并且在早餐前散步一小时。2.beusedtodosth.(1)主语是物的时候：被用于做某事：Thegoldisusedtomakeamedal.这金子是用来做奖牌的。Computersareusedtodomanythingsforpeoplenow.现在计算机被用来做许多事情。(2)主语是人的时候：：sb.beusedtodosth某人习惯于某事的状态Hewasusedtothecoldweatherafterhelivedtherefortwoyears．在那里住两年后，他已习惯了寒冷的天气。Heisusedtohardwork．他习惯于艰苦工作。还可是：sb.getusedtodosth某人变得习惯某种状态：Ithinkitisabitdifficultforyoutogetusedtothehumidweatherhere．我想，让你习惯于这里潮湿而炎热的天气有点困难。3.beusedtodoing习惯于做某事Heisusedtogettinguplate.他习惯早上起得很晚。Sheisn’tusedtolivinginthecountrysidenow.她不习惯在乡下生活拓展：get/becomeusedtodoing变得习惯做某事。Ihavegotusedtohavinganappleeverymorning.我已经习惯每天早上吃一个苹果了。You'llsoongetusedtolivinginthecountry．很快你就会习惯于住在乡下了。四.remind的用法：remindsbofsth使某人想起某事Itremindsmeofmybestfriend.它让我想到了我最好的朋友。remindsbtodosth提醒某人做某事Pleaseremindmetofinishmywork.请提醒我完成工作。五。几个相像的单词：expect期望，指望，预料，期待，认为expertn.专家adj.熟练的，老练的，内行的。explain解释，说明complain抱怨expressionn.表达Selfcheck一.易混辨析：between与among课文原句：ThisholidayisalwaysonaSundaybetweenMarch22ndandApril25th.这个节日总是在3月22日至4月25日之间的一个周日。Between介词，（表示位置）在···中间；介于···之间；（表示时间）在···之间，在···中间。I’musuallyfreebetweenTuesdayandFriday.①among指三者或三者以上之间，其宾语通常是一个表示笼统数量或具有复数（或集合）意义的名词或代词。Theyhidthemselvesamongthetrees.②betweeen主要指两者之间，其宾语往往是表示两者的名词或代词，或者是有and连接的两个人或物herewasafightbetweenthetwoboys.=3\*GB3③among还看了用来表示一个比较的范围，常与最高级连用。Sheisthetallestamongtheclassmates.二.Notonly•••butalso•••课文原句：Notonlydopeoplespreadthemaroundindifferenthidingplacesforanegghunt,buttheyalsogiveoutthesetreatsasgifts.人们不禁会把鸡蛋分散地藏在不同的地方来玩寻蛋游戏，而且还会把它们作为礼物分发出去。1.Notonly···butalso···是一个并列连词，在句中连接两个并列对等的成分。Shenotonlyplayswell,butalsowritesmusic.Wegotherenotonlyinwinter,butalsoinsummer.在使用notonly...butalso...时还应注意以下几点：①当notonly...butalso...连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数原则上与其临近的主语保持一致。Notonlyyoubutalsoheisw