2023年1月研究生英语学位考试真题及答案

PartIListeningComprehensionSectionA(1Pointeach)1.A.Hispaperhasbeenpublishedwiththehelpofhisadviser.B.Hispaperhaswonanawardwiththehelpofhisadviser.C.Hispaperhasbeenrevisedbyhisadviser.D.Hispaperhasgottheapprovalfromhisadviser.2.A.Tomisterriblyill.B.Tomisinlowspirits.C.Tomisbad-tempered.D.Tomisnervousatthemoment3.A.Hesawhisbossinpersonforthefirsttime.B.Heisnowcomplaininginadifferentway.C.Hehasmadehisbosschangehisattitude.D.Hehaschangedhisopinionofhisboss.4.A.Hewasnotfondoftheconcert.B.Hedidn'tliketheteaofferedattheconcert.C.Heleftearlytohavesometeawithsomebodyelse.D.Hedoesn'twanttotellthewomanwhyhewasnotthere.5.A.Healwayslooksdownuponothers.B.Healwayslowersthevalueofothers.C.HealwaysjudgespeoplebytheirappearanceD.Heisalwaysreluctanttotakenewcomers.6.A.Sheisalwaysstupid.B.Sheisalwaysconcentrated.C.Sheisalwayscareless.D.Sheisalwaysabsent-minded.7.A.Shewantstoleaveawayout.B.Shedoesn'ttrustherboss.C.Shewantstorepayherboss.D.Shewantstostaywithherbossaslongaspossible8.A.Sheshouldletherdaughterdecide.B.Sheshouldchoosewhattheteacherisinterestedin.C.Sheshouldmakethesamechoiceastheotherparents.D.Sheshouldchoosewhatsheisinterestedin.9.A.Shefeltverycoldbecauseoftheweather.B.Shewasfrightenedbythescene.C.Shesentthetwoboystothehospital.D.Shewenttohelptheinjuredimmediately.Mini-talkone10.A.Hewentmountainclimbing.B.Hewentcamping.C.Hewenttoaparty:D.Hewenttoaconcert.11.A.Hewaslostintheforest.B.Hewascaughtinanaturaldisaster.C.Hewaswokenupinthemiddleofthenight.D.Heburnedhisdinner.12.A.Becauseitwastoonoisy.B.Becausehewantedtojointheparty.C.Becausehewastootired.D.Becauseheturnedonsomemusic.Mini-talkTwo13.A.Theymaybeoverweight.B.Theymayearnlessmoney.C.Themaysufferfromseriousdiseases.D.Theymayhavelastingdamageintheirbrain.14.A.Improvingchildren'snutritionintheircountry.B.Providingtheirpeoplewithcleanerconditions.C.Improvinghealthcarefortheirpeople.D.Providingtheirpeoplewithbettereducation.15.A.Preschoolperiod.B.Teenageperiod.C.Betweenbirthand15yearsold.D.Betweenpregnancyandtwoyearsold.SectionC(1pointeach)16."Facebook"and"MySpace"aresomeofthemostpopularblogsitesfor_______________.17.Blogsofferyoungpeopleaplacetoshowtheirwritingsand______________.18.Personalinformationputsteenagersatriskofbeingsoughtoutbydangerouspeoplewho______.19.Whenteenagersincludeinformationontheirblogsthatcanbeseenasathreattootherstheycan___________________.20.Parentsareadvisedtoreadtheirchildren'sblogstomakesuretheyarenotgivingout__________.PARTIIVOCABULARY(10minutes,10points)SectionA(0.5pointeach)21.Thecitywasvirtuallyparalyzedbythetransitstrikeforbetterwages.A.subjectivelyB.imaginablyC.positivelyD.practically22.Inspiteofthetaxingbusinessschedule,hemanagedtotakesometimeoffforexercise.A.imposingB.demandingC.compulsoryD.temporary23.Thecourtheldtheparentsaccountablefortheminorchild'sactsofviolence.A.responsibleforB.indifferenttoC.desperateforD.involvedin24.Thevisitorswereimpressedbythefacilitiesplannedandprogrammedintermsoftheirinterrelationships.A.inunitsofB.withreferencetoC.inaspectsofD.onconditionof25."Thereisaweirdpowerinaspokenword,"JosephConradoncesaid.A.mightyB.prospectiveC.oddD.formidable26.Povertyandinadequatehealthcaretaketheirtollonthequalityofacommunity'shealth.A.destructionB.contributionC.chargeD.origin27.Thisoldmanhadtroubleexpressingtheattachmenthefeltwhenarrivingathisnativetown.A.hospitalityB.affectionC:appealD.frustration28.Ifyoubecomereconciledtoyourlot,youwillnevergetanewstartinlife.A.submissiveB.resistantC.tolerableD.committed29.Thelittlegirlfeltincreasinglyuneasywhilewaitingforhermotheratthebus-stop.A.difficultB.excitedC.relievedD.restless30.Ahighofficialislikelytowinrespectandtrustifhecansticktohisprinciples.A.turntoB.addtoC.keeptoD.leadtoSectionB(0.5pointeach)31.Toachievesustainabledevelopment,theofresourcesisassumingnewimportance.A.conservationB.reservationC.exhaustionD.devastation32.Thesaleofalcoholicbeveragesis________tothoseabove21insomeregions.A.confinedB.inhibitedC.obligedD.restricted33.Theimportanceofprotectingrainforestsfromhumaninvasionisincreasinglyrealizedbydevelopinganddevelopedcountries_______.A.bothB.eitherC.alikeD.apart34.Beforethe1980s,theideaofhealthinsurancewasquite_______tothoselivinginthemainlandofChina.A.overseasB.abroadC.foreignD.offshore35.Thegovernmentisexpectedtomakenewlegislationsto______foreigninvestmentinrealestate.A.manipulateB.regulateC.dominateD.prevail36.Despitethesuspect's________tobeinnocent,thereiscompellingevidencethathewasinvolved.A.convictionB.assertionC.accusationD.speculation37.Formanycountries,beingpartofaglobalsupplychainislikestrikingoil--oilthatmaynever____.A.runoutB.workoutC.turnoutD.callout38.Havingbeenanofficesecretaryforsomeyears,shealways_______choresinaresponsibleway.A.goesonB.goesforC.goeswithoutD.goesabout39.Withoutclearguidelines______,executivesofhospitalsaresometimesatalossaboutwhattodo.A.inorderB.inplaceC.inneedD.introuble40.Theageofothertreesisvariouslyestimatedas______fromtwohundredtoeighthundredyears.A.changingB.differingC.varyingD.rangingPARTIIICLOZETEST(10minutes,10points,1pointeach)Everyyear,asthepriceofgoodsrises,theinflationrefusesto(41)evenfromthehigheducationalinstitutions.IntheUS,accordingtoa2023surveybytheCollegeBoard,(42)atstateuniversitiesrosebyanaverageof7.1percentannually,afterayearwheninflationgrewmuchless.Atprivateschoolsitwasup5.9percent.Thesurveywhich(43)morethan3,000collegesanduniversitiesdidnotprovideclearreasonsforthecontinuedincreases.Itdidsaythatthepriceofgoodsandservicesatuniversitieshaverisenrapidly.Someofthefastestgrowthhasbeeninemployeehealth(44),andprofessionalsalaries.Livingexpensesoncampushavealso(45).AttheuniversityofSouthernCaliforniastudentdininghall,abuffetmealcost$5.50in2023.Butnowit's$9.TheUSgovernmentoftenprovides(46)assistancetostudents'lunchinprimaryandhighschools,butthesefavorablepoliciesusuallydon'tSomestudentssaidthefoodoncampusissometimesevenmoreexpensivethanthatatrestaurants(48)campus.Tocompensatetheriseintuitionandlivingexpenses,thefederalandstategovernments(49)universitiesandprivatesourceshaveprovided(50)forstudents.Ofallthefulltimeundergraduatesabout62percenthaveagrantcovering30-50percentoftheirtuition,accordingtotheCollegeBoard.41.A.stayawayB.standoutC.stepdownD.setoff42.A.faresB.paymentC.chargesD.tuition43.A.attendedB.coveredC.includedD.composed44.A.welfaresB.advantagesC.benefitsD.goods45.A.rolledupB.goneupC.satupD.takenup46.A.managementB.economicC.policyD.financial47.A.applytoB.suitforC.adjusttoD.gearfor48.A.inB.toC.offD.over49.A.aswellasB.thesameasC.asfarasD.suchas50.A.graspsB.grainsC.groundsD.grantsPARTIVREADINGCOMPREHENSION(45minutes,30points,1pointeach)PassageOneDidyourmumanddadgotouniversity,ordidtheyleaveschoolandgostraighttotheJobCentre?Theeducationalexperienceofparentsisstillimportantwhenitcomestohowtoday'sstudentschooseanareaofstudyandwhattodoaftergraduation,accordingtoTheFuture-trackresearchintheUK.TheresearchwasdonebytheHigherEducationCareersServiceUnit.Itplanstofollowuniversityapplicantsforsixyearsfrom2023throughtheirearlycareers.Thefirstyear'sfindingscomefromastudyof130,000universityapplicants.Theyshowsignificantdifferencesinprospectivestudents'approachtohighereducation,dependingonwhethertheirparentsgotdegrees(second-generationapplicants)ordidn't(first-generationapplicants).First-generationapplicantsweremorelikelytosaythattheircareerandemploymentprospectswereuppermostintheirmindsindecidingtogotouniversity.Aboutone-fifthofthisgroupgave"toenablemetogetagoodjob"astheirmainreasonforchoosingHE.And37percentsaidthatadegreewas"partofmycareerplan".Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhouseholdwherefinancesarestretchedmayfindtheideaoflearningforitsownsaketobealuxury.Thisexplainstheexplosioninvocationalcourses.AtPortsmouthUniversity,first-yearstudentKimBurnett,19,saysthatshespecificallychoseherdegreeinhealthresearchmanagementandpsychologytogetasecure,well-paidjob.HarrietEdge,20,studyingmedicineatManchesterUniversity,also"Medicineisoneofthosefieldswhereit'sprettylikelyyou'llgetajobattheend.That'sabigplus,asthedebtlevelsafterfiveyearsofstudyaregoingtobefrightening,"shesays.Manyexpertsbelievethatthissituationaffectsthosewithnofamilytraditionofhighereducationfarmorekeenly.Thefactthat26percentofrespondentssaidthattheyneededmoreadviceimpliesthatsomestudentsmayendupfeelingthattheirhighereducationinvestmentwasnotworthwhile.Forthosewithgraduateparents,thislackofguidancemay,theresearcherssuggest,belessofaproblem."But,forthosewithouttheadvantages,lackofaccesstocareerguidancebeforeapplyingforhighereducationleavesthemexposedtomakingpoorerchoices,"thesurveyconcludes.51.Themainideaofthepassageisthat_________.A.parents'experiencesaremoreimportantfortheirchildren'seducationB.parents'careersarevitallyimportantfortheirchildren'sdegreesC.students'approachtohighereducationcorrelateswiththeirparents'educationalexperienceD.students'careerandemploymentprospectsaredecidedbytheirparents52."HE"inthe4thparagraphprobablyrefersto__________.A.healtheducationB.higheremploymentC.HarrietEdgeD.highereducation53.Ayoungpersoncomingfromanon-professionalhousehold____________.A.islesslikelytogetfinancialaidtogotouniversityB.ismorelikelytochoosevocationaleducationC.maythinklearningforpleasureisagoodideaD.maychoosetostudyforaprofessionaldegree54.InwhichofthefollowingaspectsdoKimBurnettandHarrietEdgehaveincommon?A.Theybothchosetheirmajorsbecauseoftheirfamilyinfluence.B.Theyareboththefirst-yearstudentsinuniversity.C.Bothoftheirparentslackcollegedegrees.D.Bothofthemchosedegreesforjobsecurity.55.Itisimpliedthat____________.A.thecostofadegreeinmedicineisveryhighB.highereducationinvestmentinmedicineisnotworthwhileC.astudentwithoutfamilymedicaltraditionislesslikelytochoosemedicineD.medicineisafieldwhereeverydegree-holdercangetajob56.Thosewithgraduateparentsmay_________.A.makepoorerchoiceswhenchoosingtheirmajorsB.makebetterchoiceswhenapplyingforhighereducationC.notneedcareerguidancebeforegraduationD.havenoproblemsinapplyingforacollegePassageTwoLastmonth,thepublicaddresssystematEarl'sCourtsubwaystationinLondonwasorderedtogetthenoisedown.Passengers,itseems,hadhadenoughofbeingtoldtheblindinglyobvious:"Standbackorthetrainwillrunyouover.""Don'tleanonthedoors.""Standbackfromtheopeningdoors.""Dothis.""Don'tdothat."Bossinessisnotjustaural.Itisalsowritten.Asacommuter,I'mcontinuallybombardedbynoticesoncarwalls."Pleasetakeyourfeetofftheseat.""Pleaseturndownyourpersonalstereo."AndwhenIdrivepastthelocalprimary,asignflashes:"School.Slowdown!"ThepresumptionbehindthesesignsisthatBritonsmusthaveeverythingspelledoutbecausewearetow,uncivilizedpeoplewhowereraisedbywolves.Britaindidn'tusetobesobossy.WhenIwasaboy,forinstance,thelocalcinemaputawarningonscreenbeforewesettleddowntowatch."Don't,"itsaid,"makenoises."Inthosedays,longbeforemobilephones,itwastheonlybossinesswesawinthecinema.Sincethen,bossinesshasbecomemorecommonplace.Television,thatstrongestguidetopublicmoralsandlifestylesinthiscountry,isalivewithdominantpeople.Onscreen,weseehealthexpertsholdingsomepoorwoman'sbreastsanddemandingthatshegetinshape.Cookingprogramstellusnottothinkofleavingtoastcrumbsonthekitchentable.ThereisnopointinblamingTVforthisnewbossiness.Wewanttobebossed.Wehavebehavedbadlyandnowweyearntofeelthewhiptocorrectus.OnJuly1,smokingwillbebannedinpublicplacesinEngland.Mylocalgovernmenttoldchurchesinthearealastweekthatno-smokingpostersmustbeprominentlydisplayedbychurchentrances.Ilovethis:thegovernmentsarebossingpeopletomakethemmorebossy.Theyareinsistingthatprieststelltheircongregations(教区旳教民)whattodo.Mylocalgovernmentisn'ttheonlysourceofbossiness.Ifinditeverywhere.Buttheriseinbossinessdoesnotseemtohavebeenaccompaniedbyariseinsociallywell-adjustedbehavior.Infact,theopposite.Perhapsthisisbecause,ifyoufeelasthoughyouaretreatedwithcontempt,youwillrespondwiththesame.57.ThecaseatEarl'sCourtsubwaystationshowsthat_________.A.itisverynoisyinpublicplacesB.itisnecessarytowarnthepassengersoftheirsafetyC.peoplehaverealizedtheimportanceofpublicorderD.peoplehavebeentiredofbeingbossed58.ItispresumedthatbossinessiseverywherebecauseBritons__________.A.needtobebossedtobehavethemselvesB.wanttoberemindedofhowtobehavewellC.musthaveeverythingspelledoutD.areraisedinuncivilizedsociety59.Itissuggestedinthepassagethat____________.A.nowBritonsbehavemuchbetterthantheydidinthepastB.inthepastBritonsbehavedmuchbetterthantheydonowC.thedominantpeopleonscreenshouldbeblamedforthenewbossinessD.televisionhasmisguidedthepublicmoralsandlifestylesinBritain60.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Televisionshouldplayaroleinenhancingpublicmorals.B.Thelocalgovernmenthasgotinvolvedinthechurchactivities.C.Thegovernmentswanttomakethemselvesmoreauthoritativebybossingpeople.D.Theriseinbossinesshashelpedtheimprovementofpeople'sbehavior.61.Theauthorwritesthispassageina_________.A.funnytoneB.criticizingtoneC.friendlytoneD.radicaltone62.Whatistheappropriatetitleofthispassage?A.BritishPeopleHaveHadEnoughBossinessAroundB.BritishPeopleWanttoBeBossedC.BossinessinGreatBritain:ItsPastandPresentD.BossinessinGreatBritainShouldBeIgnoredPassageThreeItbeganasjustanotherresearchproject,inthiscasetoexaminetheeffectsofvariousdrugsonpatientswithaseveremooddisorder.Usinganadvancedbrainscanningtechnology--theclumsilynamedecho-planarmagneticresonancespectroscopicimaging(磁共振光谱成像)procedure,orEP-MRSI--researchersatBoston'sMcLeanHospitalscannedthemedicatedandun-medicatedbrainsof30peoplewithbipolardisorderinordertodetectpossiblenewtreatmentsforthemorethan2millionAmericanadultswhoButsomethingunexpectedhappened.Apatientwhohadbeensodepressedthatshecouldbarelyspeakbecameebullientafterthe45-minutebrainscan.Thenasecondpatient,whoseemedincapableofevenasmile,emergedactuallytellingjokes.Thenanotherandanother.Wasthissomecoincidence?AimeeParow,thetechnicianwhomadetheseobservationsdidn'tthinkso.Shementionedthepatients'strikingmoodshiftstoherbossandtogethertheycompletelyrefocusedthestudy:toseeiftheelectromagneticfieldsmightactuallyhaveacurativeeffectondepressivemood.Asitturnsout,theydid.AsreportedlastmonthintheAmericanJournalofPsychiatry,23ofthe30peoplewhowerepartofthestudyreportedfeelingsignificantlylessdepressedafterthescan.Themostdramaticimprovementswereamongthosewhoweretakingnomedication.Theresearchersarecautious.SaysBruceCohen,McLean'spresidentandpsychiatristinchief:“Iwanttoemphasizethatwearenotsayingthisistheanswerbutthisisacompletelydifferentapproachintryingtohelpthebrainthananythingthatwasdonebefore."It'sacompletelydifferentapproachbecauseofthewaythemagnetismisappliedtothebrain.Butit'sanexampleofnewresearchonanoldidea:thatthebrainisanelectromagneticorganandthatbraindisordersmightresultfromdisorderinmagneticfunction.Theideahashugeappealtopsychiatristsandpatientsalike,sinceformanypeoplethesideeffectsofpsychiatric(精神旳)drugsarealmostasdifficulttomanageasthediseaseitself.And30percentofthenearly18.8millionpeoplewhosufferfromdepressiondonotrespondtoanyoftheantidepressantsavailablenow.Peoplewithotherseverementaldisordersmightbenefitaswell.Andwhilenoonefullyunderstandsexactlywhyorhowthebrainrespondsasitdoestoelectricalcurrentsandmagneticwaves,fascinatingnewresearchisofferingsomepossibleexplanations.63.Thefirstparagraphdescribesaprojectaimedatfinding____________.A.whohasbipolardisorderB.whatimprovespeople'smoodsC.whethermagneticscanningisatreatmentD.howsomepatientsrespondtosomedrugs64.Whatdoesthepassagesayaboutbipolardisorder?A.Itmainlyaffectsmales.B.Itmaycausedrugaddiction.C.Itisamentalproblem.D.Itishardtodetect.65.Theword"ebullient"inParagraph2canbebestreplacedby________.A.considerateB.quietC.excitedD.sorrowful66.Theresearchers'attitudetowardthenewfindingcanbedescribedas_________.A.confusedB.amusedC.carefulD.skeptical67.ThenewfindingissignificantbecauseitshowsthatelectromagneticfieldsmayA.treatmentaldisordersB.causementaldisordersC.increasetheeffectivenessofsomedrugsD.reducetheeffectivenessofsomedrugs68.Thepassagemainly_________.A.reportsadiscoveryB.challengesadiscoveryC.explainstheproblemswithadiscoveryD.describesthebackgroundofadiscoveryPassageFourMykidstellmethatIam"so20thcentury",whichtroublesme.Apersonlikestofeelthatheis"withit",asweusedtosayinthe20thcentury.SoIhavebeenthinkinghowImightchangemyselfintoatrue21st-centuryman.Clearly,inmyadvancedstateofageIwouldbefoolishtoattemptsomewildleapintothecontemporaryfashion.Andanyway,mydistinctivetasteattractsmuchfavourablecomment.Butifmyclothingistoocharacteristictochange,perhapsIshoulddosomethingaboutmylifestyle.SolastweekItookmyselftotheNECfortheSmartHomeShowwhichis"theexhibitiondedicatedtoallthelatesttrendsinsmarthometechnology".Itwasashock.HowcouldIhavelivedforhalfacenturywithoutafingerprint-operatedfrontdoor?("Neverlockyourselfoutofyourhomeagain!")Orvacuumcleanersthatsuckduststraightintoadustbin,viaasystemofpipesinyourhousewalls?(Allyouhavetodoisrebuildyourentirehome.)Orautomaticgardensprinklerswhicharesosmartthattheyturnthemselvesoffwhenitstartstorain?Ofcourse,youcouldjustlookoutofthewindow,observethatit'srainingandturnthemoffyourself,butthatwouldbeso20thcentury.Besides,thosewerejustthesimplerthings.Forthetruesmart-homeowner,aplasma(等离子)TVfireplaceisamust.Atfirstglanceit'sjustanelectricfirewithamantelpiece，butpressyourremoteandagiantTVscreenrisesfromthemantelpiece."Thieveswon'tevenknowit'sthere,"aspokesmanclaimed.Justaswell.At£5,280，itwouldbeapitytohaveitbroken.Buttherealrevolutionhashappenedinthebathroom.Neveragainneedyoufeelcutofffromworldeventsasyougoaboutyourwashing.ForgetthemirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens.They'reoldhat.Thebuzzinbathroomsnowisallaboutheatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.Enough!Iwasconvinced:Iwantasmarthome.There'sonlyoneproblem:Thecost.Youarelookingat£18,000to£25,000foranaveragehome.Hmm.Iwon'tbeenteringthe21stcenturyjustyet,then.69.Tobe"21stcentury",theauthordecidedto___________.A.movetoanewhouseB.changethewayhelivedC.improvehisdressingstyleD.talkinthemosttrendyfashion70.Theauthor'scommentonthevacuumcleanerimpliesthat___________.A.hebelievedthatitwasuselessB.hewantedtopurchaseonehimselfC.hehatedtocauseinconvenienceD.hethoughtthatitwasnotworththeeffort71.Whatisthemostrevolutionarysmarthometechnologyaccordingtotheauthor?A.TheplasmaTVfireplace.B.Theautomaticgardensprinkler.C.MirrorsthatturnintoTVscreens.D.Heatedtowel-racksthatturnintoTVs.72.TheSmartHomeShow__________.A.seemedtoogoodtobetrueB.wasatrueeye-openerfortheauthorC.leftanegativeimpressionontheauthorD.appealedlesstothemiddle-andold-aged73.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbuyingthesmarthomeproducts?A.Hewasinterested,butfoundthemtooexpensive.B.Hewasfascinated,anddeterminedtobuythem.C.Hewasn'tattracted,andwouldn'tbuythem.D.Hewasn'tsure,sohewouldratherwaitandsee.74.Whichofthefollowingwordscouldbestdescribetheauthor'stone?A.Overstated.B.Objective.C.Ironic.D.Passionate.PassageFiveNeverbeforehasflyingbeensocontroversial.Inthespaceoftwoyears,theenvironmentaldamagedonebyplaneshasgonefrombeingsomethingquietlydiscussedbyscientistsandcommittedenvironmentalists,toaheadline-grabbingissuenoonecanignore.Eventhosewhoflyonceortwiceayearonholidaycan'thelpbutfeelagrowingsenseofguilt,whilethoseoptingfortripsbycar,trainorferryhaveaself-righteousspringintheirsteps.Now,however,thebacklashisbeginning.Thetourismandaviationindustriesaremobilizing,andpointingoutsomeawkwardfacts.Didyouknowthatsomeferriesemitfarmorecarbondioxidethansomeplanes'?Thatdrivingcanreleasetwiceasmuchcarbonasflying?AnewreportfromBalpa,thepilot'sunion,evenclaimsthatplanescanbebetterthantrain.WhiletherearethecampaignerswhoplottheircampatHeathrowtoprotesttheairtravel,inKenyaplansarebeingdrawnupforaverydifferentcamp.LookingoutfromacliffoverthedesertsofSamburulandisastunninghotel,theO1MaloEco-Lodge.Revenuefromthesmallnumberofvisitingtouristshasallowedthe5,000acresaroundittobetransformedfromover-grazedcattleranchtoaconservationsite.MoreimpressivestillistheO1Maloeyeproject.Upto80percentofadultsintheareasuffersightloss,sotheO1MaloTrustrunsregularsurgicalcamps,bringingdoctorsfromtheUKtotreatthem.InJanuary,thecampgave102peoplebacktheirsight."It'sverysimple--allofourvisitorsflyhere,"saidJuliaFrancombe,thefounder."Iftheystoppedcoming,itwouldkillus."Onethingonwhichallsidesagreeisthataviationisbooming,soitbecomescrucialtodevelopnewandlesspollutingaircraft.Airbus'sclaimthatitcansavetheworldwiththeA380maybefar-fetched,butits"gentlegiant"planeisfarmoreefficientandquieterthanthoseof20yearsago.Someenvironmentalists,however,scorntheseadvances,sayingsuchmeasuresarea"delusion.""Theaviationindustryislikelytovastlyoverstatethegainsthatcanbemadefromtechnologicalimprovementsbutsadlyaclimatefriendlyplaneisn'tonthehorizon,"saysEmilyArmisteadofGreenpeace.Sothequestionis:whodoyoubelieve?75.Pollutioncausedbyplanesusedto_____________.A.beheatedlydebatedinthescientificcommunityB.beacontroversialissuenoonecouldignoreC.drawlittleattentionamongthegeneralpublicD.divertpeople'sattentionfrommoreimportantissues76.Comparedwithpeoplewhofly,thosewhochoosecarsortrainsfortravel_________.A.feelequallyguiltyofcausing