山东省日照市高三第一次模拟考试英语试卷

2016级高三模拟考试英语本试卷共四部分，共12页。满分150分。考试时间120分钟。注意事项:1.答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2.一、二部分选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。3.三、四部分必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Whydidthemanehomelate?A.Heateoutwithhisfriend. B.Hestudiedatschoo1. C.Hewatchedamatch.【答案】C【解析】【分析】W:Whyareyousolateforhomefromschool,David?M:IwasdoingmyhomeworkatRoger’shouse.ThenwewatchedabitofthesoccermatchonhisnewTV.【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Wherewillthewomanmeetthedriver?A.Nexttothebank. B.Besidethebusstop. C.Oppositethetheater.【答案】C【解析】【分析】W:Hello,IneedataxitopickmeupattheCapitolTheater.M:Theonebesidethebank?Thereisnowheretostopthere.I’llpickyoudirectlyacrossfromtheCapitolTheater.【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】HowlongdidMariastayinFrance?A.Oneyear. B.Twoyears. C.Threeyears.【答案】B【解析】【分析】M:Tellmeaboutwhatyoudidafterhighschool,Maria.W:IgraduatedfromhighschoolwhenIwas18.Iworkedforayear,thenIlivedinFranceuntilIturned21.【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Eatingdessert. B.Readingabook. C.Takingouttherubbish.【答案】B【解析】【分析】W:Didyoutakeouttherubbish,dear?M:No,I’lldoitinonesecond.Letmejustfinishthischapter.W:OK.Afterwards,wecanhavesomedessert.【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Brotherandsister. C.Teacherandstudent.【答案】A【解析】【分析】W:Tim,wouldyouetomybirthdaypartyonSaturday?M:Sure,Mary.Whoelseisinvited?W:Everyoneinourofficeisinvited.【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。第二节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】6.Whichcityisthepackagefrom?A.Chicago. B.St.Paul. C.DesMoines.7.Whatdatewasyesterday?A.December13th. B.December14th. C.December15th.【答案】6.A7.C【解析】W:Hello,CheetahExpressDeliveryService.HowmayIhelpyou?M:Hello.I’mwaitingforapackagesentfromyourofficeinChicago.ThepackagenumberisXYZ9876.W:Isee.MyputersayswesentitonDecember13th,anditwasinDesMoinesonthe14th.YoushouldhavereceiveditinSt.Paulthedayafterthat.M:Thatwasyesterday.Anyideawhathappened?W:Icanfindoutforyou.Inanyevent,itshouldbetherewithinthenextcoupleofdays.Pleaseacceptourapologies,sir.【6题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【7题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatisthewomandoingnow?A.Sellingclothes.B.Selectingadress.C.Bargainingwiththeman.9.Wherewillthespeakersgo?A.Aweddingceremony. B.Abirthdayparty. C.Aconcert.【答案】8.B9.C【解析】W:Ben,ehere.I’mhavingtroublepickingoutadressfortonight.Howaboutthissilverone?M:Idon’tthinkyouneedtowearsomethingthatfancy.W:You’reright.It’snotthatfortable,andwe’regoingtobedancingalotintheconcert.M:Whydon’twegotothemallandgetyousomething?It’syourbirthdaynextweek.W:Ihaveenoughclothes.Here,look!Thisisblack,soitmatchesmyshoes.M:Therearethreelongtearsdowntheback.Itlookslikeyougotattackedbyatiger.W:That’sthestyle.Besides,I’mnotgoingtobetheonlyonewithholesinmyclothingthere.I’llfitrightin.M:Youmakeagoodpoint.【8题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【9题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatwastheboyjustdoing?A.Collectingtheleaves. B.Cuttingthegrass. C.Wateringtheflowers.11.Whatistheboysavingupfor?A.Amotorbike. B.Aputer. C.Acar.12.Whatwillthespeakersdolater?A.Seeamovie. B.Takeawalk. C.Runinthepark.【答案】10.A11.B12.A【解析】W:Hey,Martin.Ijustdidsomerunninginthepark.Whatareyoudoing?M:Therewasawindstormlastnight,soitblewthismesseverywhere.What’sup?W:Ijustwantedtoseeifyou’dliketoseethelatestmoviewithmetonight.Whydoyouhavetodothiskindofwork?M:MyfatherandIhaveadeal.Ihelparoundthehouse,andhepaysme.OnceIgettheseleavesintobags,Ihavetocutthegrass.TomorrowIwillwatertheflowersinthegarden.W:Howlonghaveyouhadthisarrangement?M:SinceIbecameateenager.Ihelphimfixhismotorcycle,too.W:Istheresomethinginparticularyouaresavingfor?Anewcar?M:Ican’taffordanythingtooexpensive,butmyparentssaidtheywouldpayforhalfthecostofalaptop.Myfatherwantsmetoknowthemeaningof“nopains,nogains”.W:That’scool.SoshouldIebacklater?M:Yeah.Letmefinishmyresponsibilitiesfirst,andthenI’llcallyou.【10题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【11题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【12题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】13.Whyisthemantired?A.Heworkedlate.B.Hejustcamebackfromabroad.C.Hehasn’tbeensleepingfortwodays.14.Wherearethespeakers?A.Athome. B.Intheoffice. C.Inthecinema.15.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Sendsomeemails B.Callhisboss. C.WatchTV.16.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Ashowtheybothlike.B.Thedailyworktheydo.C.Thingstheydointheirsparetime.【答案】13.B14.A15.C16.C【解析】M:Hey,Carol.What’snew?W:Notmuch,justcatchinguponaTVshowIliketowatch.Sometimesit’snicetoehomeafteralongdayatworkandrelax.M:Iknowwhatyoumean.Infact,Iwouldn’tmindsomerelaxationtimemyself.W:Youlooklikeyouhadalongday,too.Didyoujustgethomefromwork?M:No,Ijustreturnedhomefromanoverseasbusinesstrip.Ispentthelast24hoursinairportsandonairplanes.Luckily,Ihavethenexttwodaysoff.It’sarareopportunity.W:Sowhatareyougoingtodo,sinceyoufinallyhavetimetoyourself?M:WhenIcan,Iliketogotothebeach.Igoforaswim,dryoff,andlayinthesunwithagoodbooktoread.W:Thatsoundsverypeaceful.It’snicetobealonesometimes.Ofcourse,thereisnothingbetterthanhangingoutwithyourfriends.M:That’strue.Actually,ifyou’renotdoinganythingtomorrow,youcouldeoutwithmeandmyfriends.We’regoingtohavelunch,andthengoseeamovie.W:Iwouldloveto.Idon’tworktomorrow,either.M:Great.Well,I’llletyouwatchyourTVshow.AndI’llgotomyroomtosendsomeemailstomyboss.W:Don’tbesilly.Youworktoohard.Sitdownandwatchtheshowwithme.Relax.M:Iguessthat’sthebestthingtodo.【13题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【14题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【15题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【16题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处有音频，请去附件查看】17.Whattimedidthespeakerexpecttohearthealarm?A.At7:00. B.At8:00. C.At9:00.18.Whichpieceofthespeaker’sclothingwasclean?A.Theshirt. B.Thepants. C.Thetie.19.Wheredidthespeakergofightaftergettingdressed?A.Thekitchen. B.Thebathroom. C.Thebedroom.20.HowdidKarenprobablyfeelintheend?A.Thankful. B.Worried. C.Surprised.【答案】17.A18.C19.B20.A【解析】IusuallysetmyalarmonehourbeforeIstartwork,buttodayitstartedringingat9:00.Iwasalreadyanhourlateforwork!Irushedintothekitchenandturnedonthecoffeemaker,andhitmybigtoeonachair.ThenIwentbacktomyroomandlookedinmycloset.Ihadnocleanclothesforwork,soIputonmyshirtandpantsfromthedaybefore.Atleastmytiewaswashed.Next,Ihadtobmyhairandbrushmyteeth.Butinmyhurry,Iknockedmytoothbrushinthetoilet!Ilookedinthemirrorandmadeadecision:Thinkpositive,andfocusontherestoftheday.Andyouknowwhat?Ihadaproductivedayatwork,andfinishedeverythingIneededtodoearlyintheday.Duringlunch,InoticedmycolleagueKarenlookedsad.WhenIaskedherwhatwaswrong,shesaidshewashavingabadday.Shewasworriedthatshewouldhavetostaylate,andwouldmissherdaughter’sschoolplay.Itoldhermystoryandshelaughed.ThenIhelpedherfinishherworksoshecouldleaveontime.Shehuggedmeandthankedme,anditmademefeelgood.Lookingback,Ithinkitwasagreatday!【17题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【18题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【19题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。【20题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AIttakesaspecialpersontotravelwithkids—aparent.Childrenhavetheirownneeds.Theirideaofavacationismore“adventurous”thanaparent’s.Theyneedconstantinspirationandtheycangetastiredastheyaretiring.MakesureyouhaveplentyofroomwhiletravelingIfyouaredriving，，youmightbemoreofa“car”type，andyoumighthaveresistedbuyingamini—vansofar.Butpickuparentalvanforthevacationjusttogivethekidsalittlemoreroomforfighting.Acmodationsalongthewaycanbetricky.Usuallyitinvolvesacrowdedmotelforjustlongenoughtosleep，thenbackinthecrowdedcar.Thisisnotanybody’sideaofahomeawayfromhome.Anacmodationalternativeistocamp，butnoteveryoneenjoysagoodearlymorningwakeupwrestlewithabearasmuchasIdo，soamotelmightberequired.Makesureyouhaveplentyofroomwhenyou“getthere”Assumingyouareactuallyheadingforadestination，makesuretohavelotsofroomwhenyougetthere.Thispartiseasy.Butitrequiresthinkingoutsidethebox.Forgethotels，motels，andinns.Lookforprivaterentalhomes.ProbablythebiggestdestinationforfamiliesisWaltDisneyWorldinFlorida.Goodnews—Orlando，Kissimmeeandthesurroundingareaisfullofprivatevacationhomesforrent.InFloridatheycallthemvacationvillas，andtheyofferallthespaceofhome.Bepreparedfor“childrenbeingchildren”eventsSometimes，stresshitsyoufrombehindwhentheunexpectedhappens.Likeacutorascrape…orachildgettingsick.SharonBaillietoldmethatiswhyshetellsallhervillarentalguestswherethefirstaidcasecanbefound，andexactlywheretogoformedicalattention.Thisisparticularlyhelpfulforhermanyguestsfromabroad，whoareunfamiliarwiththeUShealthcaresystem.Bookingticketstothemeparksandmakingreservationsforjustabouteverythinginadvancemakesthetriplessstressful.Tryhavingyourchildrenbabysat.Hirealocalbabysitteronceortwice.VacationHomeownerscansetthisupforyou，andsomehotelsmightbewillingto，too.21.Wheredoestheauthorprefertorestonthewaytothedestination?A.Inacamp. B.Inaminivan. C.Atamotel. D.Inacar.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Bookingticketsinadvance. B.Hiringababysitter.C.Makingreservationsaheadoftime. D.Lookingforatourguide.23.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Tointroducewaysoftravelling.B.Toadvertisevacationhomesfortourists.C.Toreducethestresswhiletravelingabroad.D.Toshowhowtotravelfortablywithkids.【答案】21.A22.B23.D【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了如何和孩子们一起舒适地旅行。【21题详解】推理判断题。根据Makesureyouhaveplentyofroomwhiletraveling部分的Anacmodationalternativeistocamp，butnoteveryoneenjoysagoodearlymorningwakeupwrestlewithabearasmuchasIdo，soamotelmightberequired.（一种住宿选择是露营，但并不是每个人都像我一样喜欢早起与熊搏斗，所以可能需要一个汽车旅馆）可推知，在去目的地的路上作者更愿意在帐篷里休息。故A选项正确。【22题详解】代词指代题。根据划线词前文Hirealocalbabysitteronceortwice.（雇用一两次当地的保姆）及划线词所在句VacationHomeownerscansetthisupforyou，andsomehotelsmightbewillingto，too.（度假屋的主人可以为你安排这个，一些酒店可能也愿意）可知，this指的是雇用当地保姆这件事。故B选项正确。【23题详解】写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了如何和孩子们一起舒适地旅行。故D选项正确。【点睛】代词指代题要求同学们根据语境的逻辑关系、判断画线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象，包括考查it（指动物，无生命的事物、特定的事件或人），they/them(指代人、物、事件的复数名词)，he/she等人称代词的指代意义，以及指示代词this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意义，考查同学们对文章中叙述特定的人，物，事件的认知能力。解答这类题时，同学们要认真阅读画线词所在句和前后临近句的内容，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，理清来龙去脉和前后的因果关系，从而准确推断其指代的对象。例如，在第2小题中，要结合划线词所在句的前文，才能理清this指代的对象。仅凭this所在句是无法推理出其指代意义的。我们根据划线词前文Hirealocalbabysitteronceortwice.（雇用一两次当地的保姆）及划线词所在句VacationHomeownerscansetthisupforyou，andsomehotelsmightbewillingto，too.（度假屋的主人可以为你安排这个，一些酒店可能也愿意）可知，this指的是雇用当地保姆这件事。故B选项正确。BThesearchengineGooglecelebratedonThursdaythe110thbirthdayofthefirstNativeAmericanwomanengineer.GooglehonoredMaryRosswithaspecialGoogleDoodleonitshomepage.RosswasbornonAugust9，1908，inthestateofOklahoma.ShewasthegreatgranddaughterofJohnRoss，thelongest—servingchiefoftheCherokeeNation.Herworkisconsideredimportanttotheearlystagesoftheageofspacetravel.Rossshowedspecialabilitiesinmathandsciencefromanearlyage.Asastudent，shedevelopedaninterestinaviation，orthepracticeofflyingaircraft.Shewentontoearnamaster’sdegreeinmathematicsfromColoradoStateTeachersCollege，nowcalledtheUniversityofNorthernColorado.DuringWorldWarII，RossbeganworkingfortheLockheedAircraftCorporationasamathematician.SheearnedaspecialcertificationinthefieldfromtheUniversityofCaliforniain1949.RosswaslaterchosentojoinLockheed’stop—secretSkunkWorksteamthatworkedonaircraftdesigns.Thenamereferstoagroupthatispermittedtoworkindependentlyonadvancedprojects.Shewastheonlyfemaleengineeramongtheteam’s40members.Earlyon，sheresearcheddefensesystems.Bythelate1950s，herworkcenteredonsatellitesandaseriesofspacerocketscalledAgenda.Therocketswereextremelyimportantinthe1960sduringtheApollomoonprogram.Rossalsohelpeddevelopearlydesignideasforspacetravelbetweenplanets，includingflybyspaceflightstostudyVenusandMars.RossretiredfromLockheedin1973.ButshecontinuedtogivetalksathighschoolsandcollegestoencouragemorewomenandNativeAmericanstostudyengineering.Shediedin2008，afewmonthsbeforeher100thbirthday.ManycelebratedRoss’lifeonsocialmedia.TwitteruserAaronPerez，forexample，wrote:“MaryRosswasanengineerwhopioneeredinthefieldofsatellites.Ineverwouldhaveknownifitwasn’nengineersdeservemorerecognition.”24.WhydidGooglecelebrateMaryRoss’110thbirthday?A.Sheinventedanewflyingaircraft.B.Shehadbeenagreatdesignerever.C.Shecontributedalottospacetravel.D.Shegotamaster’sdegreeinmathematics.25.WhatdidMaryRossdointhemiddleof20thcentury?A.SheworkedonAgenda.B.Shegavetalksathighschools.C.Shehelpedwomenstudyengineering.D.SheplannedtheApollomoonprogram.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeMaryRoss?A.Caringandcautious. B.Talentedandcreative.C.Generousandpatient. D.Courageousandoptimistic.27.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A.Socialmediaisverypopularintheworld.B.EveryTwitteruserthinkshighlyofMaryRoss.C.Moreattentionshouldbepaidtowomenengineers.D.Manhasmadegreaterprogressinspacetechnology.【答案】24.C25.A26.B27.C【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。谷歌搜索引擎周四纪念了美国第一位原住民女工程师诞辰110周年。谷歌在其主页上为玛丽•罗斯（MaryRoss）做了一个特殊的谷歌徽标涂鸦。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Herworkisconsideredimportanttotheearlystagesoftheageofspacetravel.（她的成就被认为对太空旅行时代的早期阶段至关重要的）可知，谷歌庆祝玛丽·罗斯110岁生日，因为她为太空旅行做出了很多贡献。故C选项正确。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的Bythelate1950s，herworkcenteredonsatellitesandaseriesofspacerocketscalledAgenda.（20世纪50年代后期，她的工作集中于卫星以及一系列被称为Agenda项目的太空火箭上）可知，在20世纪中期，玛丽•罗斯致力于Agenda项目。故A选项正确。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的Rossshowedspecialabilitiesinmathandsciencefromanearlyage.（罗斯从小就在数学和科学方面展现出特殊能力）及下文对玛丽•罗斯所取得的成就的介绍可知，玛丽•罗斯是一位有才华和创造力的杰出工程师。故B选项正确。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Ineverwouldhaveknownifitwasn’tforthedoodle.Womenengineersdeservemorerecognition.（如果不是谷歌徽标涂鸦，我永远不会知道这些。女性工程师应该得到更大认可）可推知，我们应该更多地关注女工程师。故C选项正确。【点睛】细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。此外，在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决细节理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。以本文第2小题为例，本题运用定位法：我们根据题干中WhatdidMaryRossdointhemiddleof20thcentury?，其关键词是themiddleof20thcentury，从而直接定位到含有themiddleof20thcentury的同义词意的文段——倒数第三段中的Bythelate1950s，herworkcenteredonsatellitesandaseriesofspacerocketscalledAgenda.（20世纪50年代后期，她的工作集中于卫星以及一系列被称为Agenda项目的太空火箭上）可知，在20世纪中期，玛丽•罗斯致力于Agenda项目。故A选项正确。CAnunconventionalnewinitiative(首创)inCanadawillsoonallowdoctorstoprescribearttotheirpatients—bygivingthemfreeaccesstoalocalmuseum.WanderingthroughtheMontrealMuseumofFineArts(MMFA)，thesepatientsandtheirlovedoneswillbeabletofeasttheireyesonthepeacefulcollectionsofart.Theinitiativeisthefirstofitskindintheworld.Andwhileyoucertainlycan’treplaceaconventionaltreatmentwithacoupleofpaintings，theideaisforsuch“prescriptions”toassistaperson’scurrenttreatmentplan.Underthenewprogram，membersoftheFrancophoneAssociationofDoctorsinCanada(MFDC)willbeabletohandoutupto50prescriptionsfortheirpatients.Theseprescriptionswillbeavailableforthosewithawiderangeofmentalandphysicalillnesses，andeachofthemwillallowtwoadultsandtwochildrentovisitthemuseumforfree.“Byofferingfreeadmissiontoasafe，welingplace，arelaxingexperience，amomentofrelief，andanopportunitytostrengthentieswithlovedones，MMFA—MFDCMuseumPrescriptionscontributetothepatient’swellbeingandrecovery，”explainsanewsconferencefromtheMMFA.Itmaylookalotlikeamarketingeffortforthemuseumbutthere’salsoincreasingevidencethatthedisplayofvisualart，especiallyifit’sshowingnature，canhavepositiveeffectsonhealthoutes.Insomeways，thebenefitsoflookingatartappearalittlesimilartophysicalactivity.Asystematicreviewofclinicalarttherapy(疗法)foundthatvisualarthassignificantandpositiveeffectsondepression，anxiety，mood，andselfesteem.Findingsliketheseareslowlygainingattractioninthemedicalmunity，makingartworkahigherpriority(优先)inhospitalsaroundtheworld.IntheUS，nearlyhalfofallhealthcareinstitutionshavereportedincludingartinhealthcareprogramming，thspacesdedicated(专用的)toarttherapyandalsoamedicalconsultationroom，theMMFAalreadyprovidesservicesforpeoplewithmentalhealthissues，eatingdisorders，andAlzheimer’sdisease，justtonameafew.28.HowwillsomeCanadiandoctorstreattheirpatients?A.Introducingfineartstotheirpatients.B.Feastingtheminapeacefulandwelingplace.C.KeepingthempanythroughtheMontrealMuseum.D.Givingthemaprescriptiontoaccessalocalmuseumforfree.29.MMFAthinksthenewinitiativeinCanadacanbe_______.A.ahelpwithpatients’recovery B.achancetomakefriendsC.thebestoptionforthetreatmentplan D.asubstituteforconventionaltreatment30.Whydoesthemuseumjoinintheprogram?A.Tomakevisualartknowntothepublic. B.Topromotethemuseumintomarket.C.Tostrengthentieswithdoctors. D.Toadvancethescienceofmedicine.31.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A.Fineartswilltaketheplaceofmedicine.B.Artistsrarelysufferfromsomementaldiseases.C.Morethan50prescriptionsareavailableforpatients.D.ArtwillbeincludedinCanadiandoctors’prescriptions.【答案】28.D29.A30.B31.D【解析】本文为说明文。加拿大一项非常规的新举措不久将允许医生给病人开艺术处方——让他们免费进入当地的博物馆，这些处方将用于那些有广泛的心理和生理疾病。文章介绍了这一新举措.【28题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的AnunconventionalnewinitiativeinCanadawillsoonallowdoctorstoprescribearttotheirpatients—bygivingthemfreeaccesstoalocalmuseum.（加拿大一项非常规的新举措不久将允许医生给病人开艺术处方——让他们免费进入当地的博物馆）可知，一些加拿大的医生可以给他们的病人开一张免费进入当地博物馆的处方。故D选项正确。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中的MMFA—MFDCMuseumPrescriptionscontributetothepatient’swellbeingandrecovery（MMFAMFDC博物馆处方有助于患者的健康和康复）可知，MMFA认为加拿大的新举措可以帮助病人恢复健康。故A选项正确。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中的Itmaylookalotlikeamarketingeffortforthemuseum（它可能看起来很像博物馆的营销努力）可推知，博物馆加入该计划，是为了推动博物馆进入市场。故B选项正确。【31题详解】主旨大意题。全文介绍了加拿大一项非常规的新举措——允许医生给病人开艺术处方——让他们免费进入当地的博物馆。由此可知，艺术将被包括在加拿大医生的处方中。故D选项正确。DWeoftenseekfoodafterfocusedmentalactivity，likepreparingforanexam.Researchersguessthattoomuchthinkingconsumesalotofenergyfromthebrain.Sothebrain，sensingthatitmaysoonrequiremorecaloriestokeepgoing，apparentlyleadstobodilyhunger，andeventhoughtherehasbeenlittlephysicalmovement，weeat.Theresearchersnotethattiringactivitybothincreasestheamountofbloodsugarandlactate(乳酸盐)circulatinginthebloodandincreasesbloodflowtothehead.Becausethebrainusessugarandlactateasfuel，researcherswonderediftheincreasedflowoffuel—richbloodduringexercisecouldfeedaworn—outbrainandreducetheurgetoovereat.Thirty—eighthealthycollegestudentswereinvitedtodeterminetheirfitnessandmetabolic(新陈代谢，theysatquietlyfor35minutesbeforebeinggivenasmuchoftheirfavoritepizzaastheywanted.Atalaterdate，thevolunteersreturnedandspent20minutesmakingselectionsfromcollegeandgraduateschoolentranceexams.Next，halfthestudentssatquietlyfor15minutes，beforebeinggivenpizza.Therestofthevolunteersspentthose15minutesdoingintervalsonatreadmill(跑步机)twominutesofhardrunningfollowedbyaboutoneminuteofwalking，repeatedfivetimes.Thesestudentswerethenallowedtogorgeonpizza，too.Butbyandlarge，theydidnotovereat.Whentheresearchersfactoredin(将……作为因素考虑)thecaloriesburntonrunning，theydeterminedthatthosestudentsactuallyconsumed200fewertotalcaloriesaftertheirbrainworkoutsthantherestingstudents.Theresearchersdonotknowiftherunnersconsumedextracaloriesatdinner.Theyalsocannottellwhetherothertypesofexercisewouldhavethesameeffectasrunning，althoughtheresearcherssaytheysuspectthatifanactivitycausessomeonetobreakintoasweat，itshouldalsoincreasebloodsugarandlactate，feedingthebrainandweakeninghungerscall.32.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Weeatformorephysicalmovements.B.Abusybraincanmakeonehungry.C.Energyfromthebraincan’tbeusedup.D.Anexamresultsincaloricconsumptionmost.33.Whatcanaphysicalmovementdo?A.Increasebloodflow. B.Increasetheamountofbloodsugar.C.Urgeonetoeatmore. D.Makethebraintied.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“gorgeon”inparagraph5mean?A.Eat. B.Purchase. C.Taste. D.Obtain.35.Whatdotheresearcherswanttoknowfromthestudy?A.Whetherbrainusessugarandlactateasfuel.B.Whetherbraincanbetiredduringexercise.C.Whetherexercisecanreduceeatingdesire.D.Whetherexerciseincreasesbloodsugar.【答案】32.B33.A34.A35.C【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。研究人员猜测，过多的思考消耗了大脑的大量能量，这显然会导致身体饥饿。研究人员指出，疲劳的活动不仅会增加血液中循环的血糖和乳酸的含量，还会增加流向头部的血液流量。由于大脑使用糖和乳酸作为燃料，研究人员想知道，在运动过程中增加的富含燃料的血液流量，是否能让疲惫的大脑得到补充，并减少暴饮暴食的冲动。文章介绍了这项研究。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的Researchersguessthattoomuchthinkingconsumesalotofenergyfromthebrain.Sothebrain，sensingthatitmaysoonrequiremorecaloriestokeepgoing，apparentlyleadstobodilyhunger（研究人员猜测，过多的思考消耗了大脑的大量能量。因此，大脑感觉到它可能很快就需要更多的卡路里来维持运转，显然会导致身体饥饿）可知，忙碌的大脑会让人感到饥饿。故B选项正确。【33题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的Theresearchersnotethattiringactivitybothincreasestheamountofbloodsugarandlactate(乳酸盐)circulatinginthebloodandincreasesbloodflowtothehead.（研究人员指出，疲劳的活动不仅会增加血液中循环的血糖和乳酸的含量，还会增加流向头部的血液流量）可知，身体运动能增加血液流动。故A选项正确。【34题详解】词义猜测题。根据第五段中的Next，halfthestudentssatquietlyfor15minutes，beforebeinggivenpizza.（接下来，一半的学生安静地坐了15分钟，然后吃披萨）及划线词句中的too可知，这些学生也可以吃披萨。根据下文Butbyandlarge,theydidnotovereat.（总的来说，他们没有吃得太多）也可得知，划线词意为“吃”。故A选项正确。【35题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中的Becausethebrainusessugarandlactateasfuel，researcherswonderediftheincreasedflowoffuel—richbloodduringexercisecouldfeedaworn—outbrainandreducetheurgetoovereat.（由于大脑使用糖和乳酸作为燃料，研究人员想知道，在运动过程中增加的富含燃料的血液流量，是否能让疲惫的大脑得到补充，并减少暴饮暴食的冲动）可知，研究人员想从这项研究中知道，运动是否能降低食欲。故C选项正确。【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义：运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。在第3小题中，考生可以根据第五段中的Next，halfthestudentssatquietlyfor15minutes，beforebeinggivenpizza.（接下来，一半的学生安静地坐了15分钟，然后吃披萨）及划线词句中的too可知，这些学生也可以吃披萨。根据下文Butbyandlarge,theydidnotovereat.（总的来说，他们没有吃得太多）也可得知，划线词意为“吃”。故A选项正确。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Penguinsareflightlessbirdsthatspendhalftheirtimeonlandandhalfinthewater.___36___Theyhavedarkandwhitefeathers，andtheirwingshaveevolvedintoflippers(脚蹼).Mostpenguinsfeedonfish，squidandotherformsofsealifecaughtwhileswimming.___37___Theyaremostlyfoundingroupsthatincludethousandsofpenguins.Penguinseachhavetheirownuniquematingcall，andtheyusethattolocatetheirmateandchicksinsuchalargegroup.AlthoughalmostallpenguinspeciesarenativetotheSouthernHemisphere,theyarenotfoundonlyincoldAntarctica.___38___Severalspeciesareevenfoundinthetemperatezone,andonespecies，theGalátpagospenguin，livesneartheequator(赤道).Unfortunately,manypenguinspeciesworldwidearefacingthreats.Thebiggestisclimatechangeandglobalwarming.Astheearthwarmsup，thesheetsoficehavemelted，andthealgae(藻类)thatgrowundertheicedecrease.Thealgaeareeatenbytinycreaturescalledzooplankton.Whenthereisadropinzooplankton,itaffectsthefishthatdependonit.___39___Anothermajorthreatisfromoilspills.Ifcoatedwithoil,penguinscannotfloatorswiminwater.Also,ifoilisswallowed,penguinswilldiefrompoison.___40___A.Thesebirdsareverysocial.B.Infact,onlyafewofthemlivesofarsouth.C.Penguinsarehighlyadaptedforlifeinthewater.D.Thebiggestthreatforpenguinsesfromhumans.E.Theyhaveatendencytoliveinamunitytogether.F.Asaresult，penguinshavelessfishtoeatandthusstarve.G.Othersincludeoverfishing，illegaleggharvesting，andnaturalenemies.【答案】36.C37.A38.B39.F40.G【解析】本文为说明文。文章介绍了企鹅的习性和种类，介绍了目前面临的威胁。【36题详解】根据下文Theyhavedarkandwhitefeathers，andtheirwingshaveevolvedintoflippers.（他们有黑色和白色的羽毛，翅膀已经演变成脚蹼）可知，C项“企鹅非常适应水中的生活”符合此处语境。故C选项正确。【37题详解】根据下文Theyaremostlyfoundingroupsthatincludethousandsofpenguins.（它们大多生活在包括数千只企鹅在内的群体中）可知，A项“这些鸟很合群”符合此处语境。故A选项正确。【38题详解】根据上文theyarenotfoundonlyincoldAntarctica.（它们并不只存在于寒冷的南极洲）及下文Severalspeciesareevenfoundinthetemperatezone,andonespecies，theGalátpagospenguin,livesneartheequator.（在温带甚至发现了几种企鹅，其中一种加拉帕戈斯企鹅生活在赤道附近）可知，B项“事实上，它们中只有少数住在如此遥远的南方”符合此处语境。故B选项正确。【39题详解】根据上文Whenthereisadropinzooplankton,itaffectsthefishthatdependonit.（当浮游动物减少时，它会影响到依赖它的鱼类）可知，F项“结果，企鹅吃的鱼少了，因此饿死了”符合此处语境。故F选项正确。【40题详解】根据上文Unfortunately,manypenguinspeciesworldwidearefacingthreats.Thebiggestisclimatechangeandglobalwarming.（不幸的是，世界上许多企鹅物种都面临着威胁。最大的问题是气候变化和全球变暖）及Anothermajorthreatisfromoilspills.（另一个主要威胁来自石油泄漏）可知，G项“其它（的威胁）包括过度捕捞、非法采卵和天敌”符合此处语境。故G选项正确。第三部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Teny