北京市西城区2023-2024学年高一下学期期末英语试题

北京市西城区2023—2024学年度第二学期期末试卷高一英语2024.7本试卷共16页，共140分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必在答题卡指定区域作答，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第Ⅰ卷（共75分）Ⅰ.听力理解（共三节，22.5分）第一节：（共4小题；每小题1.5分，共6分）听下面四段对话，每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanplantodo?A.Rideabike. B.Buyanelectriccar. C.Usepublictransportation.2.Whendoesthemanwantthewomantotakehervacation?A.Attheendofthemonth. B.Thedayaftertomorrow. C.Nextmonth.3.Wherearethespeakersprobablygoing?A.Theartgallery. B.Thehistorymuseum. C.Theforestpark.4.Whatisthewoman?A.Alibrarian. B.Abookseller. C.Adoctor.第二节：（共6小题；每小题1.5分，共9分）听下面三段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话你将听两遍。听第5段材料，回答第5至第6小题。5.Whenwasthedeadlineforthetermpaper?A.Wednesday. B.Monday. C.Friday.6.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Hewillapologizeinperson.B.Hewillhandinanotherpaper.C.Hewillwriteanemailtoexplain.听第6段材料，回答第7至第8小题。7.Whatisthemandoing?A.Givingsuggestions. B.Offeringaninvitation. C.Askingforinformation.8.Whyisthemanfondofhiking?A.Becauseitincreaseshisphysicalstrength.B.Becauseitenableshimtoexplorebeautyinnature.C.Becauseithelpshimlearnfromexperiencedhikers.听第7段材料，回答第9至第10小题。9.Whathasthewomanbeenbusydoing?A.Preparingforatest. B.Rearrangingherschedule. C.Learningnote-takingskills.10.Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman?A.Shefallsbehindduetolowefficiency.B.Sheoftengoestotheparktorest.C.Sheneedstogetmoresleep.第三节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，共7.5分）听下面一段独白，根据题目要求在相应的横线上写下第11题至第15题的关键信息。每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。TipsonHowtoRelieveStressbyDrawing11withdifferentcolorsorpatterns■Coloryourpictureswith12,excitingcolors■CoverapageinapatternHavefun■Enjoytheprocessof13■14yourworkup;mountitwhereitwillcatchyoureyeKeepadrawingjournal■Keepyourjournalhandy■Givethejournalacertain15Ⅱ.完形填空（共15小题；每小题1.5分，共22.5分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。It’sagiftmorethan50yearsinthemaking.In1972,BarbaraRieco16aheartfeltchildren’sbook.Itwasbasedonatruestory—alittleboyshehadmetwhileshewasateenagerlivinginAppalachiabriefly.ItwasBarbara’sfirstencounterwithpoverty(贫困).Shecamefromamiddle-classfamily.Shegottoseeanothersideoflifethatshe’dheardof,butneverseen.It17herandhadalastinginfluenceonherlife.18herbestefforts,themanuscript(手稿)facedrepeatedrefusalfrompublishers,leadinghertoeventually19herdreamsofbecomingapublishedauthor.Littledidsheknowthat,manyyearslater,hergrandsonwouldturnthosedreamsintoreality.ChadCooper,adesignandproductionprofessionalbasedinNewYorkCity,decidedtogivehisgrandmothertheperfectChristmasgift—the20ofhertreasuredbook.Visitingherfortheholidays,he21tookheroriginalmanuscript,alongwiththeillustrationsshehadanartistdrawyearsago,andturnedthemintoabeautifullyprintedbook.OnChristmasmorning,asBarbara22thecarefullywrappedgift,shewasovercomewithemotion.Themoment,23byChad,quicklybecamepopularwithviewers,andthevideowentviralonline.“Thisisprobablythenicestthinganyone’severdoneformeinmyentirelife,”Barbarasaysinthevideo.Chad’s24actdidn’tjustendwiththesurprise.Healsoincludeda(n)25tothebookonAmazon,makingitaccessibletothepublic.The26wasnothingshortofamiracle(奇迹)—withindays,Barbara’s27bookskyrocketedtothetopofthebestsellerlist.Astheworld28thisunexpectedChristmasmiracle,BarbaraRieco’sbook,now29byanewgenerationofreaders,continuestospreadjoyandinspiration,provingthatsometimesthemostextraordinary30aretheonesweneverknewweneeded.16.A.edited B.adapted C.penned D.translated17.A.worried B.touched C.supported D.challenged18.A.Despite B.Through C.Without D.For19.A.takeon B.liveupto C.holdonto D.setaside20.A.promotion B.revision C.publication D.recommendation21.A.curiously B.secretly C.calmly D.shyly22.A.bought B.held C.opened D.showed23.A.photographed B.filmed C.written D.described24.A.respectful B.faithful C.thankful D.thoughtful25.A.link B.introduction C.approach D.guide26.A.comment B.impression C.response D.prediction27.A.once-forgotten B.badly-needed C.well-known D.fully-prepared28.A.accepts B.presents C.ignores D.celebrates29.A.sold B.donated C.rated D.loved30.A.videos B.gifts C.belongings D.materials阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourBestCityWalksintheUSWisdomTreeHikeinLosAngelesThisisprobablythemostpopularcitywalkinLA—ajourneytotheonlytreetosurvivethe2007Barhamfire.TheWisdomTreeisatthetopofBurbankPeak,whichgivesyougreatviewsalloverLosAngeles.Thewalk:HeadupWonderViewDrivefromLakeHollywoodDrive,andyouwillreachagateattheendofthepavedarea.Afteryoupassthrough,you’llgettoawide-openareaandthetrailtotheWisdomTreeistoyourright.SoHo/TriBeCaWalkingTourinNewYorkCityHeadingdowntoSoHoandTriBeCawillgiveyouthefeelingofbeinginanothercitywithinNYC.Thesmallsidestreetshideinterestingbuildingsanduniqueshops,aswellashistoricspots.Thewalk:HeadsouthfromtheBroadway-LafayetteStreetsubwaystation,andgetlostamongtheartgalleries,withafirstsweetstopattheMuseumofIceCream.Next,explorethePrinceStreetshops,thenheadeasttoGreeneStreet.Here,youcanfindsomeofthefinestexamplesofcast-ironarchitectureinthecity.TheBoardwalkTrailinAustinInAustin,you’llbecharmedbyart.TheBoardwalkTrailaimstobuilda7,250-footwalkwayfilledwithworksofartandfantasticviewsofthecity.Don’tmissthe36bronzebeltsdesignedbyartistKenLittle,withcountrymusicsonglyricswrittenoneach.Thewalk:YoucanaccesstheBoardwalkTrailfromseveralpoints.Thefulltrailis10mileslong,whereyoucanenjoythepeacefulwatersideviewsandtheskylineofAustinatsunset.ArtWalkinDenverDenverisagreatdestinationinitself,withlotsofculturalattractions,livemusicandexcellentrestaurants.Thecity’sArtDistrictonSantaFe(ADSF)hasadelightful2.7-milepaththatleadsyoutoartgalleriesandexcellentfoodanddrinkstops.Thewalk:FromthecharmingVictorianhousewhereyoucanadmiretheviolinsandguitarshandcraftedbyartists,makeyourwaynorthtotheSunkenGardens,thenthestreetsbusywithartgalleriesandshops.EveryfirstFridayofthemonth,theADSFputsonanorganizedArtWalkonSantaFeDrive.Artlovershaveanopportunitytoconnectandsharetheexperienceofimmersing(使沉浸)themselvesinDenver’sartscene.31.Whichcitywalkcanofferabird’seyeviewofacity?A.ArtWalkinDenver.B.TheBoardwalkTrailinAustin.C.WisdomTreeHikeinLosAngeles.D.SoHo/TriBeCaWalkingTourinNewYorkCity.32.WhatdothecitywalksinAustinandDenverhaveincommon?A.Visitorscanenjoylivemusic.B.Visitorscanappreciateartworks.C.Visitorscanenjoypeacefulwatersideviews.D.Visitorscanappreciatehand-mademusicalinstruments.33.Whereisthispassageprobablytakenfrom?A.Atouristbrochure. B.Anartreview.C.Anenvironmentaljournal. D.Ageographytextbook.BThefirsttimeTerryattendedameetingoftheTahquamenonSportsmen’sClub,theymadehimvicepresident—andhewasn’tevenamember.Byhissecondvisit,thefewmembersleftinthedyingorganizationhadputhiminchargeofthewholething.Theclubbeganinthe1920s.Backthen,huntingandfishingwerepastimesinruralareas.Theculture,however,isdifferentnow.WhenTerrytookoverthecentury-oldclub,itwasonitslastlegs.Onlyacoupledozenmembersremained,andmostwereolderthanitsnew68-year-oldpresident.Theywerenolongerdoingthethingsthey’dbeenknownfor.Worstofall,theirfamousfishingtacklepartyhadbeencanceledtwice,oncejustbecausetheysimplydidn’thaveenoughmemberstopullitoff.Hewantedtopushhardtokeeptheorganizationgoing,becauseitisoneofthethingsthatmakeuptheheartandsoulofNewberry.Hehadtolookfornewmembers.Heneededtobroadentheclub’sofferingstoattractyoungerpeople.Morethananythingelse,hehadtomakesurethetacklepartyforkidstookplaceonceagain.Littlebylittle,Terry’seffortsworked.Peoplebeganaskingaboutmemberships.Somesentcontributions.Othersofferedtheirtime.Alocalcompanydonatednewsidingfortheclubhouse.Someoneelsesaidtheywouldputanewroofonit.Someonecameandmowedthelawn(草坪)whenitgotlonginthesummer.Othersclearedthesnowinthewinter.Allovertown,peopleandbusinessespromisedtohelptheclubsurviveandsucceed.OnthedayoftheannualKidsTackleParty,hundredsofkidsandtheirfamiliesappeared.Terrystartedtheeventwithaspeech.Alocalfishingexpertgavetipsonhowtocatchfish.Then,oneatatime,eachofthe245kidswascalledbyname,andeveryoneofthemgotafishingpoleandatacklebox.Ittookmorethanthreehourstogetthrougheveryonewhoshowedup.Itwasabigevent,onethatcameclosetodying,butwasfinallyback.Terryfoughttokeeptheclubandpartyforkids,alongtimetraditionintheNewberrycommunity,going.Traditionsaredyingthesedays,buthewasabletogetpeopletoholdontothisone.34.WhenTerrytookovertheclub,________.A.hewastheyoungestmember B.huntingwasapopularpastimeC.thecultureoftheclubremained D.theclubwasstrugglingtosurvive35.Tokeeptheorganizationgoing,whatdidTerryputatthetopofhisto-dolist?A.Broadeningpeople’smindsinNewberry.B.Searchingforhelpfromhisneighborhood.C.Ensuringthereturnofthetacklepartyforkids.D.Offeringappealingactivitiestoattractnewmembers.36.Whatdidthetownspeopledotohelptheclub?A.Theygrewgrass. B.Theyremovedthesnow.C.Theydonatedfishingpoles. D.Theyfixedtheclubhouseroof.37.Whatcanwelearnfromthestory?A.Interestdoesnotlie. B.Thediscoveryoftraditionmatters.C.Sometimeshardworkdoesn’tpayoff. D.Aheroshowsupduringchallengingtimes.CInthe1970s,agorilla(大猩猩)knownasKokobecameworld-famouswhenscientiststaughthertousehumansignlanguagetocommunicatewithpeople.Therewerenumerousattemptsinthemid-1900stoteachhumanlanguagetononhumans,suchasKoko.Butwhatweshouldhavebeenthinkingaboutwastheirabilitiestoengageincomplexcommunicationontheirowntermsinsteadoftryingtoteachananimaltotalktousinhumanlanguage.Todayscientistsaretryingtofigureouthowlivingthingsalreadyshareinformationusingtheirparticularmethods.Thisnewfieldofstudyisknownasdigitalbioacoustics,anditinvolvesusingtoolstounderstandtheproductionofsoundsandtheireffectsonlivingthings.Scientistsinthisfieldareusingsensors,whicharedevicesthatpickupandrecordinformationonphysicalorchemicalconditions.Somearealsousingartificialintelligence(AI)technology,anapproachthatusesalgorithms(算法).ThesamealgorithmsthatweuseintoolssuchasGoogleTranslatetotranslatedocumentscanalsobeusedtofindpatternsinnonhumancommunication.JeremyofTelAvivUniversitystudiednearlytwodozenEgyptianfruitbatsfortwoandahalfmonthsandrecordedtheirvocalizations.Histeamadaptedavoice-recognitionprogramtostudy15,000ofthesounds.Thealgorithmmatchedspecificsoundswithspecificthingsthebatsweredoing.Usingthisprogram,theresearcherswereabletoclassifymostofthebats’sounds.Jeremyandotherresearchershavefoundthatbatshaveamuchmorecomplexlanguagethanwepreviouslyunderstood.Batsargueoverfood;theydistinguish(区分)betweengenderswhentheycommunicatewithoneanotherandtheyhaveindividualnames,or“signaturecalls”.That’sagreatexampleofhowAIisabletofindthesepatternsfrominformationgatheredbysensorsandmicrophones.AIrevealsthingsthatwecan’thearwithourhumanearsalonebecausemostbatcommunicationhappensaboveourhearingrange,andbecausebatsspeakmuchfasterthanwedo,wehavetoslowitdowntolistentoit.Sowecannotlistenlikeabat,butourcomputerscan.Andourcomputerscanalsospeakbacktothebatbyproducingspecificpatterns.Digitalbioacousticsislikeanamazinghearingaid.Itletsuslistentoanimalswithbothourdigitallyenhanced(增强的)earsandourimagination.Thisisslowlyopeningourmindsnotonlytothewonderfulsoundsthatnonhumansmake,buttoafundamentalsetofquestionsabouttheso-calleddividebetweenhumansandnonhumans,aswellasourconnectiontootherspecies.It’salsoopeningupnewwaystothinkaboutprotectinglivingthingsandourrelationshipwiththeplanet.It’sprettymeaningful.38.Regardingscientists’effortstoteachanimalshumanlanguage,theauthorfeels________.A.negative B.unconcerned C.uncertain D.supportive39.Scientistsindigitalbioacousticsaretryingtostudy________.A.howanimalsusedifferenttoolstoshareinformationB.howanimalsareaffectedbytheproductionofsoundsC.howanimalsaretaughttotalkinhumansignlanguageD.howanimalscommunicatewithoneanotherusingsounds40.WhatcanwelearnaboutAIappliedindigitalbioacoustics?A.Itpairscertainanimals’soundswiththeirbehaviors.B.Itslowsdownanimals’soundswithinhumans’hearingrange.C.Itadaptsvoice-recognitionprogramstoanalyzeanimals’sounds.D.Ittranslatesspecificnonhumansoundpatternsintohumanlanguage.41.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormayagreethat________.A.animalscanbeclassifiedaccordingtotheirsoundpatternsB.scientistsneedtokeepstudyinghowanimalsproducesoundsC.digitalbioacousticsmayinspirehumanstorethinktheirrelationshipwithanimalsD.thefocusofdigitalbioacousticsshouldbethedividebetweenhumansandnonhumansDMostofusdon’thaveanymemoriesfromthefirstthreetofouryearsofourlives.Andwhenwedotrytothinkbacktoourearliestmemories,it’softenunclearwhethertheyaretherealthingorjustrecollectionsbasedonphotosorstoriestoldtousbyothers.Thephenomenon(现象),knownas“childhoodamnesia”,hasbeenpuzzlingpsychologistsformorethanacentury—andwestilldon’tfullyunderstandit.Atfirstglance,itmayseemthatthereasonwedon’trememberbeingbabiesisthatbabiesdon’thaveafullydevelopedmemory.Butbabiesasyoungassixmonthscanformbothshort-termmemoriesthatlastforminutesandlong-termmemoriesthatlastweeks.Inonestudy,six-month-oldswholearnedhowtopressabuttontooperateatoytrainrememberedhowtoperformthisactionfortwotothreeweeksaftertheyhadlastseenthetoy.Preschoolerscanremembereventsthatgoyearsback.Ofcourse,memorycapabilitiesattheseagesarenotadult-like.Infact,developmentalchangesinbasicmemoryprocesseshavebeenputforwardasanexplanationforchildhoodamnesia.Thesebasicprocessesinvolveseveralbrainregionsandincludeforming,maintainingandthenlaterretrieving(检索)thememory.Forexample,thehippocampus,thoughttoberesponsibleforformingmemories,continuesdevelopinguntiltheageofseven.Thetypicalboundaryfortheoffsetofchildhoodamnesia—threeandahalfyears—changeswithage.Childrenandteenagershaveearliermemoriesthanadultsdo.Thissuggeststhattheproblemmaybelesswithformingmemoriesthanwithmaintainingthem.Butthisdoesnotseemtobethewholestory;languagealsoplaysarole.Fromtheagesofonetosix,childrenprogressfromtheone-wordstageofspeakingtobecomingfluentintheirnativelanguage(s),sotherearemajorchangesintheirverbal(言语的)abilitythatoverlapwiththechildhoodamnesiaperiod.Thisincludesusingthepasttense,andmemory-relatedwordssuchas“remember”and“forget”.It’struetosomeextentthatachild’sabilitytoverbalizeaboutaneventatthetimethatithappenedpredictshowwelltheyrememberitmonthsoryearslater.Onelabgroupconductedthisworkbyinterviewingyoungchildrenbroughttoaccidentandemergencydepartmentsforcommonchildhoodinjuries.Thoseover26months,whocouldverbalizeabouttheeventatthetime,recalled(回忆起)ituptofiveyearslater,whilethoseunder26months,whocouldnottalkaboutit,recalledlittleornothing.Evenifwecan’tclearlyrememberspecificeventsfromwhenwewereveryyoung,theiraccumulation,however,leaveslastingtracksthatinfluenceourbehavior.Thefirstfewyearsoflifeareforgettableandyetpowerfulinshapingtheadultsthatwebecome.42.Accordingtothepassage,childhoodamnesiarefersto________.A.inabilitytorecallearlychildhoodexperiencesB.difficultychildrenhaveformingmemoriesC.concernaboutthetruthofearlymemoriesD.lossofmemoryabilitiesinthechildhood43.Whatdothewords“overlapwith”underlinedinParagraph4probablymean?A.Havealotincommonwith. B.Happenatthesametimeas.C.Playanimportantrolein. D.Arecloselyrelatedto.44.WhatmaytheresultsoftheinterviewmentionedinParagraph5suggest?A.Childrenstarttoformlong-termmemoriesat26months.B.Children’sabilitytorecallspecificeventsincreaseswithage.C.Preverbalmemoriesmaybelostiftheyarenottranslatedintolanguage.D.Injuriesprobablyinfluencehowwellchildrenverbalizeaboutevents.45.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.Childhoodamnesia:HowmemoryworksinkidsB.Thebrainandmemory:HowmemoriesareformedC.Verbalability:WhyitmattersinthememoryprocessD.Theforgottenchildhood:Whyearlymemoriesdisappear第Ⅱ卷（共65分）Ⅰ.选词填空（共7小题；每小题2分，共14分）用方框中单词的适当形式完成下列句子，每个单词只能用一次。observe harm likely independencesurvivor promise normal46.Theworkersarebuildingsheltersforthousandsofearthquake_____________.47._____________,ittakesthreeorfouryearstocompletetheoperacourse.48.Hewasvotedthemost_____________newactorforhisremarkableperformanceinthemovie.49.Althoughhesometimesspeaksverydirectly,hisintentionsare_____________—hejustwantstohelpothers.50.A(n)_____________organizationisonethatcontrolsitsownoperation.51.Thetwosidesare_____________toreachanagreement,becauseneitherofthemiswillingtogivein.52.The_____________oftheuniversemakesusrealizehowsmallandinsignificantweare.Ⅱ.语法填空（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）在未给提示词的空白处填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。53.Ilikebigparties_____________youcandance,havefunandmeetnewpeople.54.Doyouknowthereason_____________fruitandvegetablesareoftenplacedatasupermarketentrance?55.Thetrees_____________(blow)downinlastnight’sstormhavebeenmovedofftheroad.56.Itisagreed_____________backgroundknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinreading.57.Producingapaperbag_____________(use)fourtimesasmuchenergyasproducingaplasticone.58._____________they’llflytoInnerMongoliahasn’tbeendecided.59.Someonlinecoursesarefreeandopentoanyone,_____________(give)learnersanywherethechancetostudyatanytime.60.Thewomanwroteathank-youlettertothesoldierby_____________shewasrescued.61.Iwashavingdinnerwhenthephonerang,soIstopped_____________(answer)it.62.Thosewholiketeaching_____________theyhaveacquiredshowbetterunderstandingandabilitytorememberknowledge.Ⅲ.完成句子（共5小题；第63、64题每题2分，第65、66、67题每题3分，共13分）根据括号中所给提示完成下列句子。63.我们要提高人们的环保意识。（raiseawareness）_______________________________________________________________________________________________64.你不应该试图自己解决这个难题。（attemptto）_______________________________________________________________________________________________65.由于你们的帮助，我们提前完成了任务。（thanksto）_______________________________________________________________________________________________66.如果你需要更多的信息，请不要犹豫与我联系。（nothesitatetodo）_______________________________________________________________________________________________67.通过反思考试中的错误，Mike在英语方面取得了很大的进步。（reflecton）_______________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅳ.阅读表达（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）阅读下面的短文和问题，根据短文内容，在相应题号后的横线上写下相关信息，完成对该问题的回答。答语要意思清楚，结构正确，书写工整。Isitatree?Isitabear?Ifyou’relookingatatreeintheshapeofabear,it’satopiary.Atopiaryisatreeorbushthatistrainedintoashape.Topiariesareakindofsculpture.Growingtopiarygardentakesbothtimeandskill.Thefirstthingatopiarygardenerdoesismakeadrawing.Thedrawingshowstheformthegardenerwouldlikeatreeorbushtotake.Thegardenerthenchoosesthebushforthetopiary.Itmaybeonethathasjustbeenplantedoronethatisalreadyinplace.Specialbushesareusedfortopiaries.Thesebushesareyew,privet,orboxwood.InJuneoftheplant’sfirstyear,thegardenerlooksfornewleaves.Whentheleavesgrow,itistimetoshapethebottomofthebush.Thegardenershapesthebottomofthebushforaboutfiveyears.Thetopisnottrimmedduringthistime.Inthefifthyear,thebushgrowstallenoughforshaping.That’swhenthegardenerbeginstoshapethewholebush.Sometimesbranchesarebent(使弯曲)toformashape.Thegardenertiesthebranchesinplace.Onceatopiaryhasbeenstarted,itneedscareallyear.Insummeritmustbeclippedmanytimestokeepitsshape.Thiscuttingalsohelpsthebushgrow.Inwinterthebushesdon’tgrow.Thegardenershavetobrushsnowofftheplants.Snowcanhurttheflatpartsoftheplants.Topiarygardeningisaveryoldart.TheRomansdiditinthefirstcentury.Inthesixteenthcentury,peopleinEuropelikedtopiariestoo.TheDutchandFrenchgrewveryprettytopiariesintheirneatgardens.Inthelate1600s,topiarieswerealsogrowninAmerica.Today,thereisatopiarygardeninWilliamsburg,Virginia.It’smuchlikeagardenthatgrewtherehundredsofyearsago.68.Whatisatopiary?(不多于13个单词)_______________________________________________________________________________________________69.Whendoesthegardenerbegintoshapethewholebush?(不多于4个单词)_______________________________________________________________________________________________70.Whatcaredoesatopiaryneedinsummer?(不多于12个单词)_______________________________________________________________________________________________71.Whatdoyouthinkoftopiarygardening?Pleaseexplainwhy.(单词数不限)___________________________