2024贵阳中考英语二轮复习 专题一 第2讲 情态动词（课件）

形式多变的动词专题一

课标知识导图1

满分突破3

即时训练4第2讲情态动词

贵阳考情概览2课标知识导图贵阳考情概览课标知识考查角度考查词情态动词基本用法(5年4考)can(2020.42，2022.36);may(2023.32);mustn't(2022.44)满分突破1考向情态动词的基本用法(5年4考)情态动词含义及用法例句can(2020.42，2022．36)表示能力，意为“能，会”。可与beableto相互转化(2020.42，2022.36)。Icansay“nihao”indifferentlanguages.表示请求、允许，意为“可以”，多用于口语中。Canyougivemeahand?Ilostmywayhere.情态动词含义及用法例句can't表示能力，意为“不能，不会”。Icanplaythepiano,butIcan'tsingordance.[人教七(下)Unit1P88]表示拒绝对方的请求或者不同意/不允许，意为“不可以”。Youcan'ttakethebookoutofthelibrarywithoutpermission.情态动词含义及用法例句could

can的过去式，意为“能，会”，表示过去的能力。Althoughthelittlegirlwasyoung,shecouldeatbyherself.在疑问句中表示委婉的请求。Couldyoutakeamessageforme？couldn'tcould的否定式，意为“不能，不会”。Hecouldn'tspeakFrenchfluently.情态动词含义及用法例句must表示主观看法，意为“必须，一定”。Youmustcleanyourbedroomeveryday.[人教九(全)Unit7P52]mustn't(2022.44)must的否定式，意为“一定不要，禁止”。Youmustn'tpickflowersinthegarden.情态动词含义及用法例句may(2023.32)表示请求、许可，意为“可以”(2023.32)。MayIplayoutsidealone？用于祈使句，表示祝福和祝愿，用法和wish相似。Mayyouhaveanicetrip!might

may的过去式。SheworriedthatImightbeangry.表示请求、许可，语气比may更委婉。MightIaskyouaquestion？情态动词含义及用法例句need意为“必须，需要”，主要用于否定句和疑问句中。NeedIgiveyouanexample？needn't意为“不需要，没必要”。—MustIarriveattheairportaheadoftime?—No,youneedn't.should/oughtto

意为“应该”，表示要求和命令，也可以表示劝告或建议。Yououghttogiveupsmoking.表示征询意见，常用于疑问句中。ShouldItakemytemperature？[人教八(下)Unit1P2]情态动词含义及用法例句shouldn't意为“不应该”。Weshouldn'tdependsomuchonourparents.[鲁教九(全)Unit9P66]hadbetter意为“最好”。多用于第二人称，否定形式为hadbetternot。Youhadbetternotbelateforschool.[译林牛津八(上)Unit4P48]情态动词含义及用法例句haveto意为“不得不”，多表示客观必要。Ihavetostudyforamathtest.don'thaveto意为“不需要”，回答must提问的问句。—Mustwefinishthetasknow?—No,youdon'thaveto.拓展

(1)由must引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用“Yes,主语＋must/haveto.”；否定回答常用“No,主语＋needn't/don'thaveto.”，不能用mustn't回答。(2)回答用could提问的一般疑问句，用can而不用could。2考向情态动词表推测(近6年未考查)情态动词含义及用法例句can't表示否定推测，语气强烈。意为“一定不，不可能”，可能性几乎为零。Dannycan'tbeplayingontheplayground.Isawhiminthelibraryjustnow.[冀教九(全)Unit4P62]could表推测，意为“有可能，也许”，语气缓和，较委婉。Itcouldbeagirl'sroombecauseit'sverytidy.情态动词含义及用法例句must表示非常有把握的肯定推测，100%的可能性，意为“一定，肯定”。Theymustbeverytiredafteralongwalk.may意为“有可能，也许”，用于肯定句，表示把握不大的推测。Theplanemaybeputoffbecauseoftheterribleweather.maynot表示否定推测，语气不确定，意为“可能不”。ItmaynotbeMary'sschoolbag.Shedoesn'tlikeblack.情态动词含义及用法例句might表推测，意为“有可能，也许”，可能性低于may，语气缓和，较委婉。Shemighthavegonetothelibrary.Shelikesreadingintheafternoon.拓展

(1)表示肯定推测的情态动词有：must>could>may＞might(按语气强弱)。(2)表示否定推测的情态动词有：can't>maynot(按语气强弱)。即时训练1.(2020贵阳42题)WiththehelpofAirClassroom，students________keeplearningevenwithschoolclosed.A.can B.must C.should2.(2023贵阳32题)“Dad,mybikeisbroken.________Iuseyours？”“Sure!It'sinthebackyard.”A.Must B.Should C.May微语境夯基AC3.(2022贵阳36题)“Excuseme,couldyoutellmewhereIcanbuyaguidebook？”“Sorry,I'mnewhere.You________askthepolicemanoverthere.”A.shall B.can C.must4.(2022贵阳44题)Lookatthesign“Nosmoking”.You_______smokeinpublic.A.mustn't B.needn't C.wouldn'tBA语篇提能

Passage1当断不断，反受其乱Tomlivedwithhisgrandfather,whoisregardedasthewisestmaninthevillage.Manypeople1.________gotohisgrandfather'shouseforadviceorhelp.外文素材选自OneStoryADay

Book10A.may

B.could

C.couldn't

D.hadto

E.would

F.must

G.needEOneday,Tomandhisgrandfathersawthreemenwalkingtogether.Theymetasingle­log(独木)bridgehalfway,belowwhichtherewasadeepriver.Ifsomeonefallsintoit,he2.________losehislife.A.may

B.could

C.couldn't

D.hadto

E.would

F.must

G.needAThefirstmandidn'thesitate(犹豫)tosteponthebridgeandhe

3.____________makeittotheothersideoftheriver.Thesecondmancameclosetothebridge.

Whenseeing

thedeep

river,

hedoubtedifhe

4._____________makeamove.Encouragedbythefirstman,heputhisfeetonthebridge.Finally,hegottotheothersidesafely.Thethirdman5.___________be

brave

enough.

His

whole

body

was

shaking.A.may

B.could

C.couldn't

D.hadto

E.would

F.must

G.needFBCButhe6.________bebravetocrosstheriverasitwasgettingdarkandthereweresomehungrywolvesbehindhim.Onlyafterfewsteps,hefellintotheriver.SeeingthesurprisedlookonTom'sface,Grandfathersaidsoftly,“When

in

difficulties,the

more

time

you

hesitate,thehigher

priceyou'llpay.”A.may

B.could

C.couldn't

D.hadto

E.would

F.must

G.needD

Passage2农场劳动记Myparentsrunafarmandwealllivethere.Weliveahappylife.Ilovespendingtimeplayingonthefarm.SometimesI1.________helpthemdosomework.SometimesIjustwatchthemdosomefarmwork.Onemorning,Ifoundmyparentswerenotathome.Iguessedthey2.________beworkingonthefarm.SoIwenttohelpthem.外文素材选自ReadingWondersA.couldB.mustC.shouldD.mayE.canF.needn'tG.mustn'tEBThoughitwascloudyanddarkintheearlymorning,myparentshadstartedworking