安徽省安庆市2024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中试卷含解析

Page202024-2025学年高二英语上学期期中考试其次部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAswecloseoutthefinaldaysofthisyear,treatyourselftoadeliciouslydistractingnewbook—abookthatyoucandipintoandoutofthroughouttheholidays.Readup,restup,andenjoyyourself.YogaforPregnancy,BirthandbeyondAmust-haveguideforyoga-lovingmamas,YogaforPregnancy,BirthandBeyondoffershelpfulrelaxationtechniquesandbreathingexercisesthataretailoredtoeachpregnant(怀孕的)woman.Thebookalsolaysoutvaluabletechniquesforlaborandstayingintouchwithyourbodyasitcontinuouslychanges.MindfulnessActivitiesforKidsWecouldallusealittlemorepeaceinourlives.Uniquelysuitedforchildrenandparentstodotogether,the40mindfulnessexercisesrecommendedhere—frompausingtofullyenjoyatastysandwichtotakingchalkwalktogether—willnotonlyteachchildrencalmandgratitude,butalsobringgrown-upsandtheirlittlesclosertogether.BeforeSheDisappearedFrankieElkinisarecoveringalcoholicwhodevoteshertimetosolvingcoldcases,especiallythoseinvolvingpeopleofcolor.AnewinvestigationbringshertoBoston,searchingforaHaitianteenagerwhodisappearedmonthsago.ButasFrankiestartsaskingquestions,someoneelsewillstopatnothingtokeeptheanswershidden.OakFlatLaurenRedniss'OakFlattellsthestoryofthelandneartheSanCarlosApacheReservationthroughanApachefamilyfightingtoprotecttheland,whichtheU.S.governmentandtwoworld-powerminingenterprisesareattemptingtoseizeanddestroyforitscopperresources.Visuallystrikinganddeeplyreported,OakFlattellsalargerstoryofendlesswestwardexpansionandnativeresistance.1.Whichbookcanhelptoimprovefamilyrelations?A.YogaforPregnancy,BirthandBeyond. B.MindfulnessActivitiesforKids.C.BeforeSheDisappeared. D.OakFlat.2.WhatdoweknowaboutthebookOakFlat?A.ItcentersonanApachefamily'sstruggle.B.It'sabriefaccountofminingenterprises.C.ItsingshighpraiseoftheUSgovernment.D.Itsupportswestwardexpansionandnativeresistance.3.Whoarethetargetreadersofthefourbooks?A.Women. B.Teenagers. C.Grown-ups. D.Pupils.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了四本假期阅读的新书。【1题详解】推理推断题。依据MindfulnessActivitiesforKids部分的“Wecouldallusealittlemorepeaceinourlives.Uniquelysuitedforchildrenandparentstodotogether,the40mindfulnessexercisesrecommendedhere—frompausingtofullyenjoyatastysandwichtotakingchalkwalktogether—willnotonlyteachchildrencalmandgratitude,butalsobringgrown-upsandtheirlittlesclosertogether.(我们都可以在生活中多一点和平。这里举荐的40个正念练习特殊适合孩子和父母一起做——从暂停到充共享受美味的三明治到一起闲逛——不仅会让孩子们冷静和感谢，而且能让成年人和他们的小孩子更密切地在一起)”可知，这本书可以有助于改善家庭关系，故选B项。【2题详解】微小环节理解题。依据最终一段的“LaurenRedniss'OakFlattellsthestoryofthelandneartheSanCarlosApacheReservationthroughanApachefamilyfightingtoprotecttheland,whichtheU.S.governmentandtwoworld-powerminingenterprisesareattemptingtoseizeanddestroyforitscopperresources.(劳伦·雷德尼斯的橡树公寓讲解并描述了圣卡洛斯阿帕奇保留地旁边的土地的故事，一个阿帕奇家族为疼惜这片土地而斗争，美国政府和两家世界电力矿业企业正试图夺取和摧毁这块土地，以获得其铜资源)”可知，OakFlat这部书的故事集中在一个阿帕奇家族的斗争上。故选A项。【3题详解】推理推断题。依据第一段内容“Aswecloseoutthefinaldaysofthisyear,treatyourselftoadeliciouslydistractingnewbook—abookthatyoucandipintoandoutofthroughouttheholidays.Readup,restup,andenjoyyourself.(当我们结束今年最终几天的时候，犒劳自己一本令人欢乐地的消遣新书——一本你可以在整个假期深化阅读和翻阅的书。阅读，休息，好好玩玩)”并对比选项可推断，文章是写给成年人的。故选C。BValerieBolducisexploringapathunderafour-lanehighwaytofitwildlifecameras,whenshegetsstuckinthemud.“Iamreallystuck,”saystheroadecologystudent,tryingtopullherfeetoutofastreambedthattravelsthroughtheconcreteculvert(涵洞)ofQuebecRoute117.“Idonotwanttobeadeergoingthroughthat.”Bolduc’sdilemmamakesevidenttherisksforwildanimalsusingthesamepath.Awarmingclimateispushingmanyanimalstomigratetowardhigherlatitudes(纬度)toremainwithintheirdesirableenvironments,butthatcomeswithrisksastheycrossdangerousareas,suchashighways.IneasternCanada,Bolducandotherresearchersandconservationistsaretryingtopreservesafecorridors(走廊)forwildlife.Themotion-activatedcamerastheyhavebroughtwillrecordwhichspeciesareusingthetunnels.Anoutward-facingcamerawillidentifywhatanimalsapproachbutdonotenter,perhapspreventedbytrafficnoise,thetunnel’ssizeorotherfactors.BolducexplainsthatthishighwayrunningthroughsouthernQuebecseparatesaseriesofCanadiannationalandregionalparksoneitherside,alongwiththeiranimalpopulations.“It’ssuperimportant,”shenotes,“becausetheanimalswanttomovenorthandtheyencountertheseandthencantheymovethrough?Willtheygethitbyacar?We’llneedtofigurethatout.Andweneedtohelpthem,atleastIwanttohelpthem.”Afterfinishingfittingtheircamerasonthenorthboundsideofthehighway,Bolducandherteamdecidetheyneedanalternatepathtotheothersidetoavoidanothermisfortuneinthemud.“We’regenerallytryingtobesafe,”Bolducsays,“butfortheanimals,thisistheirlife!”4.WhatcanwelearnfromBolduc’sexperienceofbeingtrapped?A.Itisdifficulttofitwildlifecameras.B.Sheisoutofluckduringtheexploration.C.Roadconditionsofthehighwayareunexpected.D.Itisdangerousforwildanimalstocrossthisarea.5.Whatdotheseanimalsmovetohigherlatitudesfor?A.Lesstrafficnoise. B.Warmerclimate. C.Safecorridors. D.Favorableenvironments.6.Whatfunctionisexpectedofthewildlifecameras?A.Torecordthechangesintrafficflow. B.Tofigureoutdifficultieswildanimalsface.C.Totrackanimalsinandaroundthetunnels. D.Tophotographthelivingenvironmentofwildanimals.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HighTechProtectsWildlife B.AnimalMigrationIsunderThreatC.EcologistsFeartheFutureofWildlife D.ResearchersSeekPathsforAnimalstoMigrate【答案】4.D5.D6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲的是ValerieBolduc及其他探讨人员通过安装动态摄像机为动物迁徙找寻路径。【4题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段的“Bolduc’sdilemmamakesevidenttherisksforwildanimalsusingthesamepath.(Bolduc的两难境况清晰地说明白野生动物走同一条路的风险。)”可知，我们能从博尔达克被困的阅历中学到野生动物穿过这个地区是紧急的。故选D。【5题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段的“Awarmingclimateispushingmanyanimalstomigratetowardhigherlatitudestoremainwithintheirdesirableenvironments,butthatcomeswithrisksastheycrossdangerousareas,suchashighways.(气候变暖正迫使很多动物向高纬度地区迁徙，以留在它们志向的环境中，但这也伴随着风险，因为它们要穿过紧急的地区，比如高速马路。)”可知，这些动物迁移到高纬度地区是为了有利的环境。故选D。【6题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段的“Themotion-activatedcamerastheyhavebroughtwillrecordwhichspeciesareusingthetunnels.Anoutward-facingcamerawillidentifywhatanimalsapproachbutdonotenter,perhapspreventedbytrafficnoise,thetunnel’ssizeorotherfactors.(他们带来的动态摄像机将记录哪些物种正在运用隧道。一个朝外的摄像头将识别哪些动物靠近但没有进入，或许是因为交通噪音、隧道大小或其他因素。)”可知，野生动物摄像机的功能是用来追踪隧道内外的动物。故选C。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“ValerieBolducisexploringapathunderafour-lanehighwaytofitwildlifecameras,whenshegetsstuckinthemud.(瓦莱丽·博尔达克正在四车道高速马路下探究一条小路，以便安装野生动物摄像机，这时她被困在了泥里。)”和第三段的“IneasternCanada,Bolducandotherresearchersandconservationistsaretryingtopreservesafecorridorsforwildlife.(在加拿大东部，Bolduc和其他探讨人员以及自然资源疼惜主义者正在努力为野生动物疼惜平安的走廊。)”可知，本文主要讲的是ValerieBolduc及其他探讨人员通过安装动态摄像机为动物迁徙找寻路径，因此最好的题目是D选项“ResearchersSeekPathsforAnimalstoMigrate(探讨人员为动物迁徙找寻路径)”，故选D。CWe’veallbeentoldthatdifferenttypesoffruitsandvegetableshavedifferentbenefitsthathelpusmaintainourhealth.Anewinternationalstudyhasfoundthateatingonefruitregularlycanhelpreducetheriskofcancer,amongthosepeoplewhohaveahighriskofdevelopingcertaincancers.Theresearchwhichfollowedalmost1000patientswithLynchsyndrome-ageneticconditionthatmakespeoplepredisposedtoorangeofcancersfoundthataregularintakeofresistantstarch(抗酶解淀粉)couldhaveamajorpreventativeeffectontheriskofcancer.Here’swhatyouneedtoknowabouthoweatingbananascanhelpreduceriskofcancer.Resistantstarchisatypeofcarbohydrate(碳水化合物)whichfeedsbeneficialgutbacteria.Itisfoundingreenbananas.Byeatinggreenbananasyourbodygetsaregulardoseofresistantstarchwhichhasbeenfoundtoreduceriskofcancersinsomepartsofthebodybymorethanhalf,accordingtothenewresearch.Thestudy,whichwaspublishedinCancerPreventionResearch,wasledbyexpertsattheUniversitiesofNewcastleandLeeds.Itfoundthatresistantstarch,iftakenregularlyforanaverageoftwoyears,hadapositiveeffectonsomecancers,whichcanbedifficulttodetect.JohnMather,aprofessoratNewcastleUniversityexplained:“Resistantstarchactsineffect,likedietaryfibreinyourdigestivesystem.Thistypeofstarchhasseveralhealthbenefitsandfewercaloriesthanregularstarch.”Besidesgreenbananas,resistantstarchisalsofoundinfoodssuchaspeas,oats,cereal,beansandotherstarchyfoods.Youcanalsotakeresistantstarchasapowdersupplement.Intermsofbananas,expertsrecommendthateatingonebananadailyistheequivalentofonedoseofresistantstarch.Thetrickistoeatthebananasbeforetheybecometooripeorsoft.8.Whichofthefollowingcanpreventtheriskofcancer?A.Carbohydrate. B.resistantstarch.C.dietaryfibre. D.gutbacteria.9.Whatdidthenewresearchfind?A.Eatinggreenbananasregularlycouldserveasapowersupplement.B.Eatinggreenbananasregularlycouldreduceriskofcancers.C.Eatingbananasregularlycouldimprovelifeexpectancy.D.Greenbananaswouldhavefewercalories.10.WhataspectdoesJohnMather’sresearchprobablyfocuson?A.humannutrition. B.plantsformation.C.herbalmedicine. D.weightcontrol.11.Accordingtothetextwhatwouldtheexpertssuggestpeopledo?A.Takemoregreenbananas.B.Reducecaloriesanddietaryfibre.C.Keepregularintakeofresistantstarch.D.Detecthiddencancersearlier.【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了青香蕉对防治癌症的作用。【8题详解】微小环节理解题。依据其次段“Theresearchwhichfollowedalmost1000patientswithLynchsyndrome-ageneticconditionthatmakespeoplepredisposedtoorangeofcancersfoundthataregularintakeofresistantstarch(抗酶解淀粉)couldhaveamajorpreventativeeffectontheriskofcancer.Here’swhatyouneedtoknowabouthoweatingbananascanhelpreduceriskofcancer.(这项探讨跟踪了近1000名林奇综合征(一种使人简洁患癌症的遗传疾病)患者，发觉定期摄入抗性淀粉对癌症风险有重要的预防作用。关于吃香蕉如何帮助降低癌症风险，以下是你须要知道的。)”可知，抗性淀粉才是削减癌症概率的关键。故选B。【9题详解】微小环节理解题。依据第三段“Byeatinggreenbananasyourbodygetsaregulardoseofresistantstarch,whichhasbeenfoundtoreduceriskofcancersinsomepartsofthebodybymorethanhalf,accordingtothenewresearch.(依据这项新探讨，通过吃青香蕉，你的身体会获得确定量的抗性淀粉，这种淀粉被发觉可以将身体某些部位的癌症风险降低一半以上。)”可知，新的探讨是常常食用青香蕉可以削减得癌症的概率。故选B。【10题详解】推理推断题。依据第四段的JohnMather的发言“Resistantstarchactsineffect,likedietaryfibreinyourdigestivesystem.Thistypeofstarchhasseveralhealthbenefitsandfewercaloriesthanregularstarch.(抗性淀粉的作用就像消化系统中的膳食纤维一样。这种淀粉对健康有很多好处，而且比一般淀粉的热量更低。)”可推断，他的探讨领域与人体养分有关。故选A。【11题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数其次段“Besidesgreenbananas,resistantstarchisalsofoundinfoodssuchaspeas,oats,cereal,beansandotherstarchyfoods.Youcanalsotakeresistantstarchasapowdersupplement.(除了绿香蕉，抗性淀粉还存在于豌豆、燕麦、谷物、豆类和其他淀粉类食物中。你也可以服用抗性淀粉作为粉末补充剂。)”和最终一段“Intermsofbananas,expertsrecommendthateatingonebananadailyistheequivalentofonedoseofresistantstarch.Thetrickistoeatthebananasbeforetheybecometooripeorsoft.(就香蕉而言，专家建议每天吃一根香蕉相当于一剂抗性淀粉。窍门是在香蕉太熟或太软之前吃。)”可推断，抗性淀粉并不只存在于青香蕉中，因此保持确定的抗性淀粉摄入才是预防癌症的关键。故选C。DResearchersreportedablindmanwhohadreceivedageneofalight-sensingproteincannowseeandtouchobjectswiththehelpofspecialgoggles(护目镜).Hisvisiongainsaremodest—hecannotseecolorsordistinguishfacesorletters.Butifthetreatmenthelpsotherstudyparticipants,itmayofferadvantagesoverothervisiontechnologiesforseverelyblindpeople.Forscientists,theresultisamilestone:thefirstpublishedreportofusingarelativelynewtechnologycalledoptogenetics(光遗传学)totreatadiseaseinpeople.“It’snotthekindofvisionpeopledreamof,butit’sabigstep,”saidJeanBennettoftheUniversityofPennsylvania.Optogeneticsuseslighttocontrolneurons.Scientistsaddthegenetoalight-sensitiveproteincalledopsin(视蛋白)fromalgaeorbacteriaandthenshinelightonthecelltocausetheopsintochangeshape,whichswitchestheneuron’sactivityonoroff.Sinceitwasdevelopednearly20yearsago,optogeneticshasmostlybeenusedasatooltotreatanimals,braindiseases.ButresearchershopeitcanonedaytreatdiseasessuchasParkinson’sdiseaseandblindness.“Theeyeisthesimplestplacetostartbecauseitissmallandeasytoaccess,”saidBotondRoska,aphysician-scientistattheUniversityofBase.Thepatientsinthestudyhavelosttheretinalphotoreceptorcells(视网膜感光细胞)thatusehumanopsinstoturnlightintoelectricalsignalsrelayedtothebrain.Buttheireyesstillhavethecellsthatroutethesesignalstothebrainviatheopticnerve.Thatmeansthepatientscouldpotentiallygainvisionbygivingthesecellsanewkindofopsin.12.Whatcanweknowabouttheresultfromparagraph2?A.Ithasshortcomingsbutisimportant.B.Itcanbeusedtotreatblindpeoplenow.C.Itistheconclusionofpreviousresearch.D.Itisawaytohelppeoplebecomemodest.13.Whichisthekeytothetreatment?A.Newgoggles. B.Suitableopsin.C.Naturalproteins. D.Retinalphotoreceptorcells.14.Whatcanweinferaboutoptogeneticsfromthetext?A.Itcanbenefitbothhumansandanimals.B.Scientistshaveneverfocusedonitbefore.C.Ifhasbeenusedtotreatanimals’blindness.D.Patientsshouldknowsomethingaboutit.15.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.AReportonaNewProteinB.WaystoHelpPatientsStayHealthyC.ResearchersFindBlindnessCanBeCuredD.ATreatmentHelpsBlindMenRegainSomeVision【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.D【解析】【分析】本文是说明文。科学家们发觉了一种新疗法，给盲人带来了福音。【12题详解】推理推断题。依据其次段“Hisvisiongainsaremodest—hecannotseecolorsordistinguishfacesorletters.Butifthetreatmenthelpsotherstudyparticipants,itmayofferadvantagesoverothervisiontechnologiesforseverelyblindpeople.Forscientists,theresultisamilestone:thefirstpublishedreportofusingarelativelynewtechnologycalledoptogenetics(光遗传学)totreatadiseaseinpeople.”（他的视力增长平平——看不清颜色，辨别不出面孔和字母。但假如这种疗法能帮助其他探讨参与者，那么它可能会为重度盲人供应比其他视觉技术更好的优势。对科学家来说，这一结果是一个里程碑:首次发表了一份运用名为光遗传学的相对较新的技术治疗人类疾病的报告）由此可知，光遗传学疗法的治疗效果是有限的，但它是首次被报道用来治疗人类的疾病，因此这个探讨的结果有不足但也很重要。故选A项。【13题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“Scientistsaddthegenetoalight-sensitiveproteincalledopsin(视蛋白)fromalgaeorbacteriaandthenshinelightonthecelltocausetheopsintochangeshape,whichswitchestheneuron’sactivityonoroff”（科学家们将这种基因添加到一种来自藻类或细菌的光敏蛋白质视蛋白中，然后将光线照耀到细胞上，使视蛋白变更形态，从而开启或关闭神经元活动）和最终一段“Thepatientsinthestudyhavelosttheretinalphotoreceptorcells(视网膜感光细胞)thatusehumanopsinstoturnlightintoelectricalsignalsrelayedtothebrain.Buttheireyesstillhavethecellsthatroutethesesignalstothebrainviatheopticnerve.Thatmeansthepatientscouldpotentiallygainvisionbygivingthesecellsanewkindofopsin.”（探讨中的患者已经失去了视网膜感光细胞，这些细胞利用人类视蛋白将光转化为电信号传递给大脑。但他们的眼睛照旧有细胞通过视神经将这些信号传送到大脑。这意味着患者可以通过给这些细胞一种新的视蛋白来获得视力）由此推断出，视蛋白是限制神经元和传输电子信号的关键。故选B项。【14题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“Sinceitwasdevelopednearly20yearsago,optogeneticshasmostlybeenusedasatooltotreatanimals,braindiseases.ButresearchershopeitcanonedaytreatdiseasessuchasParkinson’sdiseaseandblindness.”（自近20年前开发以来，光遗传学主要被用作治疗动物和大脑疾病的工具。但探讨人员希望有一天它能治疗帕金森病和失明等疾病。）可知，光遗传学已经被用来治疗动物的脑部疾病。现在它又可以用来复原盲人确定的视力。因此光遗传学能造福人类和动物。故选A项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。依据第一段“Researchersreportedablindmanwhohadreceivedageneofalight-sensingproteincannowseeandtouchobjectswiththehelpofspecialgoggles”（探讨人员报告说，一名植入了感光蛋白基因的盲人现在可以借助特殊的护目镜看到和触摸物体）由此可知，文章讲解并描述了一个接受了光感蛋白基因的盲人现在可以在特殊护目镜的帮助下复原确定的视力。所以短文的最佳标题为“一种帮助盲人复原视力的治疗方法”。故选D项。其次节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。CayceZavagliaisanartistwithauniquetransformationtoherwork.____16____Paintingwithtinyneedlesisnotasfastaspaintingwithabrush.____17____Ittakestwomonths-nearly200hourstocompleteaportrait.____18____Onceshedecides,sheinvitesthatpersontoherstudioandtakeshundredsofphotographs.Shestudiesthewaythelightfallsacrosstheperson'sface.Aftermanyhoursofstudyingthephotos,shechoosestheperfectoneforherportrait.Next,sheenlargesthephotoonacanvas(画布).Then,shematchesthecolorsinthephotoandthestitchingbegins.Caycestartswiththehairandforehead,thenmovesontotheshouldersandclothing,andfinallytheface.Thehumanfaceiswhatshemostenjoyscreatinginherart.____19____Inaportraitofherbabydaughter,theskinappearssoftandsmooth.Inaportraitofherdad,thestitchesshowawrinkledandagingface.Caycebelieveshersuccessdependsonthreethings:herchoiceofcolors,thelengthanddirectionofthestitches,andherabilitytomaketheportraitlooktrue.Shelovesthesurprisewhenpeopleviewherart.Fromadistance,peoplebelievetheportraitsarepainted.____20____A.Shemakessurethepersonlooksstraightintoher.B.Thebiggestchallengeismakingtheskinlookreal.C.Insteadofpaintingwithabrush,shesewswithaneedle.D.Cayce'sfirststepisdecidingwhowillbeintheportrait.E.Shelovescreatingportraitsofherfamilyandclosefriends.F.Itrequiresalotofpatience,foryouoftenhavetorethreadyourneedle.G.Butwhentheytakeacloserlook,theyseetheportraithasbeenembroidered.【答案】16.C17.F18.D19.B20.G【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一位用针作画的艺术家CayceZavaglia，包括她作画的方式，对自己画的看法，以及人们对画的感觉。【16题详解】依据上文“CayceZavagliaisanartistwithauniquetransformationtoherwork.（CayceZavaglia是一位艺术家，她的作品有着独特的变更）”和下文“Paintingwithtinyneedlesisnotasfastaspaintingwithabrush（用细针作画不如用刷子作画快）”可知，上文提到了CayceZavaglia作画的变更，下文则说用针作画比较慢。由此可知，CayceZavaglia的变更是用针作画。C项“她不是用刷子画画，而是用针”符合文意，needle是关键词。故选C。【17题详解】依据上文“Paintingwithtinyneedlesisnotasfastaspaintingwithabrush（用细针作画不如用刷子作画快）”和下文“Ittakestwomonths-nearly200hourstocompleteaportrait.（完成一幅肖像画须要两个月——近200个小时）”可知，用针作画须要花大量时间。由此推知，空处承接上文，说明为什么用针作画很慢。F项“这须要很大的耐性，因为你常常要重新穿针”符合文意，下文是对空处内容的进一步说明。故选F。【18题详解】依据下文“Onceshedecides,sheinvitesthatpersontoherstudioandtakeshundredsofphotographs.（一旦她确定了，她会邀请那个人到她的工作室，拍上数百张照片）”结合倒数一二段提到的作画步骤推知，设空处应陈述Cayce作画的第一步——确定画谁。D项“Cayce的第一步是确定谁将出现在画像中”符合文意，选项中的deciding呼应下文的decides。故选D。【19题详解】依据上文“Caycestartswiththehairandforehead,thenmovesontotheshouldersandclothing,andfinallytheface.Thehumanfaceiswhatshemostenjoyscreatinginherart.（Cayce从头发和前额起先，然后是肩膀和衣服，最终是脸。在她的艺术中，人的脸是她最宠爱创建的）”和下文“Inaportraitofherbabydaughter,theskinappearssoftandsmooth.Inaportraitofherdad,thestitchesshowawrinkledandagingface.（在她的小女儿的肖像中，皮肤显得松软光滑。在她父亲的肖像中，缝线显示出皱纹和苍老的脸）”可知，上文提到了Cayce创作的部位，下文则提到不同的肖像皮肤有不同的表现形式。由此推知，空处应陈述皮肤在创作中具有挑战性。B项“最大的挑战是让皮肤看起来真实”符合文意，skin是关键词，下文是对空处内容的举例说明。故选B。【20题详解】依据上文“Fromadistance,peoplebelievetheportraitsarepainted.（从远处看，人们认为画像是画的）”可知，上文描述了人们从远处看画的感觉，由此推知，空处承接上文，描述人们从近处看画的感觉。G项“但是当他们细致看的时候，他们看到画像是绣出来的”符合文意，选项中的closer对应上文的fromadistance，且they指代上文的people。故选G。【点睛】第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Sheisoverahundredyearsold,butshehasn’tletthatstopherfromworking.Attheageof102,RomayDavis___21___drivesherselftothegrocerystoreeachdayfor___22___.Now,duringBlackHistoryMonth,Davisishonoredforher___23___withagrant(拨款)namedafterher.ThroughtheRomayDavisGrantProgram,charitieswillreceive___24___inthefightforracialequalityandsocial___25___.Davisis___26___ofhegrantinhernameassheisapioneerherself.Sheservedinthefirstall-blackWomen’sArmy___27___overseasduringWorldWarⅡ.Thenafterthewar,shestartedher___28___infashionasadesignerinNewYorkfor30years.Throughoutherlife,she’salso___29___othermilestonesincludingamaster’sdegree,ablackbeltinTaekwondo(跆拳道)andmore.She___30___forthefirsttimein1982.Afterherhusbanddiedin2001,she___31___togobacktoworkandwas___32___byagrocerystorein2001.In2024,Romay___33___herbirthday.“AsforRomay,weareallmovedbyherlife-long___34___andstrongworkethic(职业道德),which___35___otherstobetheirbest,”saidherboss.21.A.often B.still C.never D.sometimes22.A.work B.shopping C.leisure D.fun23.A.jobs B.books C.stores D.contributions24.A.criticism B.support C.opposition D.information25.A.justice B.skill C.life D.development26.A.fond B.aware C.worthy D.sure27.A.required B.rooted C.punished D.stationed28.A.style B.career C.study D.adventure29.A.missed B.found C.planned D.achieved30.A.fought B.succeeded C.retired D.failed31.A.refused B.feared C.mentioned D.decided32.A.hired B.met C.paid D.offered33.A.celebrated B.passed C.interviewed D.employed34.A.sympathy B.independence C.devotion D.dream35.A.inform B.inspire C.advise D.force【答案】21B22.A23.D24.B25.A26.C27.D28.B29.D30.C31.D32.A33.A34.C35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章将述了RomayDavis的个人阅历以及所取得的成就，她激励着其他人做到最好。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：102岁高龄的RomayDavis照旧每天开车去杂货店上班。A.often常常；B.still照旧；C.never从不；D.sometimes有时。依据前文“Sheisoverahundredyearsold,butshehasn’tletthatstopherfromworking.”可知，Romay虽然年岁已高，但是没有停下工作，所以是任然每天开车去杂货店上班。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：102岁高龄的RomayDavis照旧每天开车去杂货店上班。A.work工作；B.shopping购物；C.leisure休闲；D.fun乐趣。依据前文“Sheisoverahundredyearsold,butshehasn’tletthatstopherfromworking.”可知，Romay没有停下工作，所以是照旧每天开车去杂货店上班。故选A项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，在黑人历史月期间，Davis因她的贡献而受到表彰，一项拨款以她的名字命名。A.jobs工作；B.books书籍；C.stores商店；D.contributions贡献。依据上文“Davisisbeinghonoredforher”以及下文“sheisapioneerherself”可知，Davis因她的贡献而受到表彰。故选D项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过RomayDavis资助支配，慈善机构将在争取种族同等和社会正义的斗争中得到支持。A.criticism指责；B.support支持；C.opposition反对；D.information信息。依据“ThroughtheRomayDavisGrantProgram”以及“inthefightforracialequality”可知，慈善机构通过罗梅·戴维斯资助支配应是在争取种族同等中获得支持符合语境。故选B项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过RomayDavis资助支配，慈善机构将在争取种族同等和社会正义的斗争中得到支持。A.justice正义；B.skill技能；C.life生活；D.development发展。依据“racialequality”可知，空处和种族同等并列，意思相近，结合选项，应是社会正义符合语境。故选A项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Davis是名副其实的，因为她自己就是一个开拓者。A.fond宠爱的；B.aware有意识的；C.worthy值得的；D.sure确定的。依据“assheisapioneerherself”可知，她自己就是一个开拓者，所以Davis名副其实。故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其次次世界大战期间，她在第一支驻扎于海外的全黑人女兵部队服役。A.required须要；B.rooted(使)生根；C.punished惩处；D.stationed使驻扎。依据前文“Sheservedinthefirstall-blackWomen’sArmy”以及后文“overseas”结合选项，可知，应是军队驻扎在海外符合语境。故选D项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：斗争结束后，她在纽约起先了30年时尚设计师生涯。A.style风格；B.career职业生涯；C.study学习；D.adventure冒险。依据后文“asadesignerinmodelinNewYorkfor30years.”可知，她成为设计师，起先了自己的时尚生涯。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的一生中，她还取得了其他里程碑，包括硕士学位，跆拳道黑带等等。A.missed错过；B.found发觉；C.planned支配；D.achieved取得。依据“includingamaster’sdegree,ablackbeltinTaekwondo(跆拳道)andmore.”可知，在她的一生中，她还取得了其他里程碑式的成就。故选D项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1982年，她第一次退休。A.fought打仗；B.succeeded胜利；C.retired退休；D.failed失败。依据下文“gobacktowork”可知，她重回工作，所以此处是说她在1982年第一次退休。故选C项。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2001年丈夫去世后，她确定重返工作岗位，并于2001年被一家杂货店聘用。A.refused拒绝；B.feared胆怯 ；C.mentioned提及；D.decided确定。依据上文“Afterherhusbanddiedin2001”以及后文“gobacktowork”可知，2001年丈夫去世后，应是她确定重返工作岗位符合语境。故选D项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2001年丈夫去世后，她确定重返工作岗位，并于2001年被一家杂货店聘用。A.hired雇佣；B.met见面；C.paid支付；D.offered供应。依据上文“gobacktowork”可知，她确定重返工作岗位，所以此处是说她被一家杂货店聘用。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2024年，Romay庆祝了她的生日。A.celebrated庆祝；B.passed通过；C.interviewed面试；D.employed雇佣。依据后文“herbirthday”结合选项可知，应是“庆祝生日”符合语境。故选A项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：“至于Romay，我们都被她毕生的奉献和猛烈的职业道德所感动，这激励着其他人做到最好，”她的老板说。A.sympathy怜悯；B.independence独立；C.devotion奉献；D.dream幻想。依据下文“strongworkethic(职业道德)”以及上文“Now,duringBlackHistoryMonth,Davisishonoredforher3withagrant(拨款)namedafterher.”可知，我们都被她毕生的奉献精神和猛烈的职业道德所感动。故选C项。35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“至于Romay，我们都被她毕生的奉献和猛烈的职业道德所感动，这激励着其他人做到最好，”她的老板说。A.reminds提示；B.inspires激励；C.advises建议；D.leads引导。依据上文“weareallmovedbyherlife-long14andstrongworkethic(职业道德),”可知，她毕生的奉献和猛烈的职业道德，依据常识，这些品质会激励他人。故选B项。其次节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。OneveryThursdaynight,psychologistMaudLehanneleadstwoofFrance’sfavoritepastimes:coffeedrinkingandthe“talkingcure”.Theretheylearntoget___36___touchwiththeirtruefeelings.Lehanne’spsychologycafeistryingtohelpthecity’stroublesomeneighborhoodcafes.Inthepastfewyears,Parisiancafes___37___(become)victimsduetochangesintheFrenchlifestyle-longerworkinghours,afast-foodboomandayoungergeneration’sdesiretospend___38___(they)timeathome.Luckily,dozensofnewthemecafesappear___39___(change)thesituation.Cafesfocusingonpsychology,history,andengineeringarecatchingon,___40___(fill)tableswellintotheevening.Thecity’s“psychologycafes”,___41___offergreatcomfort,areamongthemostpopularplaces.Middel-agedhomemakers,retirees,andtheunemployedcometosuchcafestotalkaboutlove,___42___(angry),anddreamswithapsychologist.“There’s___43___strongneedinParisforcommunication,”saysMaurice,acaferegularwhoworksasareligiousinstructorinanearbychurch.“Peoplehavefewrealfriends.Whatthey___44___(real)needistoopenup.”Lehannesaysshe’dliketoseepsychologycafesalloverFrance.“Ifpeople___45___(have)normallives,thesecafeswouldn’texist,”shesays.【答案】36.in37.havebecome38.their39.tochange40.filling41.which42.anger43.a44.really45.had【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了巴黎的心理咖啡馆的变更状况。【36题详解】考查介词。句意：在那里，他们学会接触自己的真实感受。此处是固定搭配：getintouchwith意为“和…接触”。故填in。【37题详解】考查动词时态。句意：在过去的几年里，由于法国人生活方式的变更——工作时间的延长、快餐的兴起以及年轻一代希望呆在家里——巴黎的咖啡馆成了受害者。分析知空处为谓语动词，时间状语Inthepastfewyears意为“在过去的几年里”常常和现在完成时连用，句子主语Parisiancafes为复数，所以空处应填havebecome。故填havebecome。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：在过去的几年里，由于法国人生活方式的变更——工作时间的延长、快餐的兴起以及年轻一代希望呆在家里——巴黎的咖啡馆成了受害者。结合句意及空后的名词time可知应填形容词性物主代词，作定语。故填their。【39题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：幸运的是，几十家新的主题咖啡馆好像变更了这种状况。此处是固定搭配：appeartodo意为“好像做了某事”。故填tochange。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：专注于心理学、历史和工程学的咖啡馆也起先流行起来，始终到晚上都济济一堂。分析句子结构及句意可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，句子主语Cafes与fill之间为主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，作状语。故填filling。【41题详解】考查定语从句。句意：这座城市的“心理咖啡馆”供应了极大的舒适，是最受欢迎的地方之一。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Thecity’s“psychologycafes”，从句缺主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：中年家庭主妇、退休人员和失业者来到这里，与心理学家探讨爱、生气和幻想。结合句意空处应填名词形式anger，与空前的love以及空后的dream并列作宾语。故填anger。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：“在巴黎，人们对沟通有着猛烈的需求，”莫里斯说，他是一家咖啡馆的常客，在旁边的一座教堂担当宗教化师。表示“一种需求”应用不定冠词，且strong的发音是辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。【44题详解】考查副词。句意：