2025版新教材高中英语Unit1PeopleofAchievementSectionⅣ写作指导提能作业新人教版选择性必修第一册

UNIT1SectionⅣⅠ.阅读理解(2024·江苏省苏州市下学期高一模拟预料)DrPaulFarmer,whodiedunexpectedlyattheageof62inRwanda,wasoneofthemostextraordinarypeopleIhaveeverknown.Asco­founderoftheglobalhealthorganizationPartnersinHealth,Paulspentmorethan30yearschangingthewayhealthcareisdeliveredinthepoorestplacesonearth.Alongtheway,hisfinemind,bigheart,andcontinuousdrivetodogoodinspiredcountlessotherstofollowhisexample.WhilestillastudentatHarvardMedicalSchoolinthe1980s,Paulandhiscolleaguesopenedaone­roomclinicinremoteCange,Haiti,wheretheynotonlycaredforlocals,buttrainedateamofhealthworkerstoservethesurroundingareas.Helivedthereinasimplehomewithconcretefloors,andnohotwater,notsodifferentfromtheadaptedbushegrewupinwithhisparentsinFlorida.Withinafewyears,theclinic'sworkgainedworldwidenoticeforbringingtuberculosis(肺结核)undercontrolinthearea.Today,PartnersinHealthoperates16healthinstitutionsinHaiti,andemploysalocalstaffofnearly7,000.Theyalsooperatein11othercountries,includingRwanda,wheretheypartneredwiththegovernmenttorebuildthenation'shealthsystem.Millionsofpeopleareservedeveryyear,mostofwhomliveonlessthanafewdollarsaday.I'mhonoredtohaveworkedcloselywithPaul.For20years,Iwatchedhimmakeadifferenceinthepoorestplaces,eveninthefaceofdysfunctional(功能失调的)politicsandviolence.Paul'spassingisahugelosstotheworld.Buthisvoicestillringsinourears.Allourlivesarepassing,butthepurposeoflivinglasts:toliftothersandenablethemtoliveandworkjustashedid—withlove,gratitude,andjoy.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了全球卫生组织健康合作伙伴的联合创始人Paul(保罗)在海地坎盖创办诊所，限制住了肺结核，并变更了最贫困地区医疗服务方式的故事。1．Whatcanweknowabouttheclinic？DA．Itcatchesimmediateworldwideattention.B．ItislocatedinPaul'shometown.C．Itisco­foundedbyPaulandthelocals.D．Ittreatspatientsandtrainshealthworkers.解析：微小环节理解题。依据第三段中的“Whilestill...surroundingareas.”可知，诊所不仅治疗当地的病人，还培训了一批医疗工作者。故选D。2．WhydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinParagraph4？DA．Toadvocatecross­bordercooperation.B．ToindicatethedifficultiesPaulfaces.C．Toraisepublicconcernaboutglobalhealth.D．TohighlightPaul'scontributionstoglobalhealth.解析：推理推断题。依据第四段可知，本段讲解了Paul限制住了肺结核，并为其他国家人民服务。由此可推知，作者提及那些数据是想进一步突出Paul在面临困难时仍为全球卫生事业做出宏大的贡献。故选D。3．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesPaul？BA．Carefulandgraceful.B．Kindandinfluential.C．Stubbornandsympathetic.D．Aggressiveandadventurous.解析：推理推断题。依据其次段“Alongtheway...tofollowhisexample.”可知，Paul怀抱善意为贫困人群带去了健康医疗的同时，也猛烈影响着多数的人。由此可推知，Paul是一个和善又具有极强影响力的人。故选B。4．WhatdoesPaul'sstoryteachus？CA．Wellbegunishalfdone.B．Toliveinthemomentcounts.C．Lifeislimited,yetkindnesslasts.D．Healthmattersmorethanwealth.解析：推理推断题。通读全文，尤其依据最终一段中的“Allour...withlove,gratitude,andjoy.”可推知，通过Paul为全球卫生事业做出贡献的故事，文章主要是想教会我们生命有限，但关爱他人却是永恒的这个道理。故选C。Ⅱ.七选五依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(2024·全国甲卷)TricksToBecomingAPatientPersonHere'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There'soneanswer.1.G.IntheDigitalAge,we'reusedtohavingwhatweneedimmediatelyandrightatourfingertips.However,researchsuggeststhatifwepracticedpatience,we'dbeawholelotbetteroff.Hereareseveraltricks.●Practicegratitude(感谢)Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.2.E.“Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself­control，”saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.●MakeyourselfwaitInstantgratification(满足)mayseemlikethemost“feelgood”optionatthetime,butpsychologyresearchsuggestswaitingforthingsactuallymakesushappierinthelongrun.Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.3.B.Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.You'llsoonfindthatthemorepatienceyoupractice,themoreyoustarttoapplyittoother,moreannoyingsituations.●4.C.Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself,“5.F.”You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.A．FindyourcausesB．StartwithsmalltasksC．AccepttheuncomfortableD．AllthisaddsuptoastateofhurryE．ItcanalsohelpuspracticemorepatienceF．Thisismerelyuncomfortable,notintolerableG．They'reallsituationswherewecouldusealittleextrapatience文章大意：这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了变得耐性的一些方法。解析：1．依据上文“Here'sariddle:Whatdotrafficjams,longlinesandwaitingforavacationtostartallhaveincommon?There'soneanswer.(这里有一个谜语：交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期起先有什么共同之处？答案只有一个)”可知，本句说明上文谜语的答案，结合“交通堵塞、排长队和等待假期”这些状况可知都须要耐性。故G选项“在这些状况下，我们都须要一点额外的耐性”符合语境，故选G。2．依据上文“Thankfulnesshasalotofbenefits:Researchshowsitmakesushappier,lessstressedandevenmoreoptimistic.(感恩有许多好处：探讨表明，感恩让我们更快乐，压力更小，甚至更乐观)”以及后文“‘Showingthankfulnesscanfosterself­control，'saidYeLi,researcherattheUniversityofCalifornia.(加州高校的探讨员叶丽说：‘表达感谢可以培育自我限制实力。')”可知，上文提到了感恩的诸多好处，可知本句接着说明感恩的好处：它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐性。E选项中It指代上文Thankfulness。故E选项“它还可以帮助我们练习更多的耐性”符合语境，故选E。3．依据上文“Andtheonlywayforustogetintothehabitofwaitingistopractice.(我们养成等待习惯的唯一方法就是练习)”以及后文“Putoffwatchingyourfavoriteshowuntiltheweekendorwait10extraminutesbeforegoingforthatcake.(把你最宠爱的节目推迟到周末再看，或者多等10分钟再去吃蛋糕)”可知，后文列举的事情都是日常的小事，说明要从小事起先练习等待，故B选项“从小任务起先”符合语境，故选B。4.依据本段内容“Somanyofushavethebeliefthatbeingcomfortableistheonlystatewewilltolerate,andwhenweexperiencesomethingoutsideofourcomfortzone,wegetimpatientaboutthecircumstances.(我们中的许多人都认为舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，当我们阅历舒适区之外的事情时，我们会对环境失去耐性)”可知，本段提到了舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，结合前文的小标题都是祈使句可知，本段的主旨与接受不舒适相关，C选项中uncomfortable对应后文comfortable。故C选项“接受不舒适”符合语境，故选C。5．依据上文“Youshouldlearntosaytoyourself(你应当学会对自己说……)”以及后文“You'llthengraduallybecomemorepatient.(然后你会慢慢变得更有耐性)”结合本段主要说明的是不舒适的状态，可知，本句为对自己所说的话与接受不舒适相关，故F选项“这仅仅是不舒适，而不是无法忍受”符合语境，故选F。Ⅲ.完形填空阅读下面短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(2024·湖北省黄石一中高一下学期期中)ZhangGuimei,whohas1.Aher40yearstoeducationinaChina'ssouthwesternarea,isa“mother”andheadmasterwhohasignited(点燃)thehopesofmanygirlswiththelightof2.C.At17,sheleftherhometownHeilongjiangforYunnanProvince.WhileteachinginHuapingcounty,shesawmanygirls3.Dofschoolduetopoverty.Itsaddenedherverymuchandmadeher4.Bthataneducatedfemaleisabletochangethesituationofpovertyinafamilyandeventhefate(命运)ofthreegenerations.In2002,Zhangwas5.Dtobuildafreeall­girlshighschool,inthehopeofchangingthefutureofthegirlsinthemountainsandliftingthemoutofpoverty.In2007,Zhang6.BareportinBeijingatthe17thCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)NationalCongress.Herreport“Ihaveadream”madeherdreamofbuildingafreeall­girlshighschool7.Ctoall.Ayearlater,Zhang'sschoolwas8.A,becomingthefirstfreeall­girlshighschoolinChina.Beforeitwassetup,lessthan50percentofthestudentsinHuapingtookhighschoolentranceexams.However,thefigure9.Dtoover90percentlastyear.Inthepast,ruralgirlsinthecountyoftenhadnochoicebutto10.Catayoungage.Today,an11.Bnumberofthemaregoingtohighschoolsforeducation.Duringthepast13years,theschoolhashelpedover1,800students12.Dtheirdreamsofgoingtouniversities.Duetoherselflesswork,Zhangwas13.ACPC'stophonorJuly1MedalattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing.Attheceremony,shesaid：“ThethingswehavedonearewhatmanyCPCmembersaredoingeveryday.14.CI'mstillcapable,Iwillstandintheclassroomtogivemyall,whichIwillneverever15.A”sheremarked.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“七一勋章”获得者之一张桂梅老师。这位孩子们眼中的“妈妈”“燃灯校长”一生致力于华坪女高的教化事业。1．A.contributed B．appliedC．belonged D．responded解析：依据后文“her40yearstoeducation”可知，此处指为教化事业贡献了40年。contribute...to意为“把……贡献给”。故选A。2．A.lantern B．fireworkC．education D．midnight解析：依据前文“her40yearstoeducation”可知，此处指用教化之光点燃了许多女孩的希望。故选C。3．A.figureout B．setoutC．carryout D．dropout解析：依据后文“ofschoolduetopoverty”可知，许多女孩因为贫困而辍学。dropoutofschool意为“辍学”。故选D。4．A.grateful B．awareC．concerned D．curious解析：依据后文“thataneducatedfemale...ofthreegenerations”可知，她意识到一个受过教化的女性可以变更一个家庭的贫困状况，甚至是三代人的命运。故选B。5．A.addicted B．shockedC．likely D．determined解析：依据后文“tobuildafree...themoutofpoverty”可知，张桂梅决心建立一所免费的女子中学，希望变更山区女孩的将来，帮助她们摆脱贫困。故选D。6．A.replaced B．deliveredC．disguised D．represent解析：依据后文“areportinBeijingatthe17thCommunistPartyofChina(CPC)NationalCongress”可知，此处指作报告，应用动词deliver。故选B。7．A.limited B．faithfulC．known D．typical解析：依据前文“Herreport‘Ihaveadream'madeherdreamofbuildingafreeall­girlshighschool”可知，她的报告使她建立一个免费的全女生中学的幻想众所周知。故选C。8．Apleted B．appointedC．announced D．confirmed解析：依据后文“becomingthefirstfreeall­girlshighschoolinChina”可知，此处指建成了中国第一所免费的女子中学。故选A。9．A.dropped B．divedC．walked D．jumped解析：依据前文“lessthan50percentofthestudentsinHuapingtookhighschoolentranceexams”以及后文“toover90percent”可知，学校的建成让参加中考的人数猛增。故选D。10．A.retire B．performC．marry D．leave解析：依据前文“Inthepast,ruralgirlsinthecountyoftenhadnochoicebutto”可知，在过去，农村的女孩往往没有选择，只能早点结婚。故选C。11．A.existing B．increasingC．individual D．equal解析：依据前文可知，参加中考的人数增加，他们中越来越多的人进入中学接受教化。故选B。12．A.remove B．repeatC．refuse D．realize解析：依据后文“theirdreamsofgoingtouniversities”可知，此处指实现上高校的幻想。故选D。13．A.awarded B．arrangedC．achieved D．attracted解析：依据后文“CPC'stophonorJuly1MedalattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing”可知，此处指张被授予七一奖章。故选A。14．A.Aswellas B．AssoonasC．Aslongas D．Asfaras解析：此处是指只要可以，张桂梅就会站在讲台上，奉献她的全部。aslongas“只要”。故选C。15．A.regret B．ensureC．forgive D．imagine解析：依据前文可知，此处指张桂梅为教化事业奉献终身，且永不后悔。故选A。Ⅳ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2024·全国甲卷)Avisually­challengedmanfromBeijingrecentlyhiked(徒步)40daystoXi'an,asafirststep1.tojourney(journey)theBeltandRoadroute(路途)byfoot.Onthe1,100­kilometerjourney,themanCaoShengkang，2.wholosthiseyesightattheageofeightinacaraccident,crossed40citiesandcountiesinthreeprovinces.InspiredbytheBeltandRoadForumforInternationalCooperation3.held(hold)inBeijing,Caodecidedtocovertheroutebyhikingasatribute(致敬)totheancientSilkRoad.4.Afriendofhis,WuFan,volunteeredtobehiscompanionduringthetrip.CaoandWualsocollectedgarbagealongtheroad,inordertopromoteenvironmental5.protection(protect).Caobelievesthiswillmakethehikingtripevenmore6.meaningful(meaning).Thetwoofthemcollectedmorethan1,000plasticbottlesalongthe40­dayjourney.Inthelastfiveyears,Cao7.haswalked(walk)through34countriesinsixcontinents,andin2016,hereachedthetopofKilimanjaro,Africa's8.highest(high)mountain.Now,CaohasstartedthesecondpartofhisdreamtowalkalongtheBeltandRoadroute.Heflew4,700kilometers9.fromXi'antoKashgaronSept.20,10.planning(plan)tohikebacktoXi'aninfivemonths.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲解并描述的是一个失明的北京男子曹盛康徒步旅行一带一路的事情。解析：1．考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填tojourney。2．考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合及句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为CaoShengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。3．考查非谓语动词。句意：受到在北京实行的“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛的启发，曹确定徒步穿越这条路途，以向古代丝绸之路致敬。分析句子可知，本句已有谓语动词decided，所以hold应用非谓语动词形式，hold与cooperation之间为逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，作后置定语，表被动。故填held。4．考查冠词。句意：他的一位挚友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。依据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个挚友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。5．考查名词。句意：曹和吴还沿路收集垃圾，以促进环境疼惜。依据句意和空前的形容词environmental可知，此处应用名词protection作宾语，protection表示“疼惜”时，是不行数名词。故填protection。6．考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。7．考查动词时态。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。依据时间状语inthelastfiveyears可知，此