2022年河南省焦作市高一下学期期末考试英语试题

焦作市普通高中2021-2022学年（下）高一年级期末考试英语考生注意：1．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALearntoSwimKnowinghowtoswimpreventsdrowning（溺水）andimprovesyourhealth，fitness，andsafety.TohelpteachNewYorkerstoswim,theNewYorkCityDepartmentofParks&Recreationisofferingswimminglessonstochildren(6to17yearsold)atourindoorpools.CostFreewithanNYCParksRecreationCentermembership.AllLearntoSwimparticipants（参加者），includingchildrenandtheirparents,mustbemembersoftherecreationcenter.AbouttheClasses·Yourchildmustbe6yearsofageonthefirstdayofclassinordertoparticipateintheprogram.Pleasemakesuretobringalegaldocument（法律文件）withthedateofbirthlistedforthechildonthedayofthefirstclass.Documentswillbereturnedafterconfirmationiscompleted.·Thereareclassesattwodifferenttimes:onSaturdays,andafterschoolfrom4:00p.m.to5:00p.m.·AllparticipantsmusttakeawatertestonOctober30forthefallsession（学期），January1forthewintersession,andMarch29forthespringsessiontodetermineclasslevel.Missingthewatertestwillresultinafirstabsence.·Ifachildmissesthewatertestandthefirstdayofclass,theywillbedroppedfromthesession.Participantswhomisstwocontinuousclasseswillbedroppedfromtheprogram.·LevelI:Childrenatthislevellearnbasicskills,suchasgettingintoandleavingthewater,controllingtheirbreath，movingthroughthewaterandwhattodoincaseofanemergency（紧急情况）.·LevelII:Childrenatthislevellearntoswimwithoutassistance.They'llbeabletounderstanddangerouswaterconditionsandhowtohelpaswimmerinawateremergency.21.WhocantakepartinLearntoSwimlessons?A.Alloftheteenagers. B.Membersoftherecreationcenter.C.AnystudentintheNewYorkCity. D.Parentseagertolearnswimming.22.Whatmustparticipantsdobeforeswimminglessons?A.Promisenottomissclasses. B.Handintheirschoolreports.C.Provetheiragewithformalpapers. D.Doawatertestathome.23.Whatwillparticipantslearnaboutbesidesswimming?A.Waystoafterhelpwhenneeded. B.Competitivespirit.C.Theimportanceofteamwork. D.Thevalueofappreciation.BMassimoBotturaisawidelycelebratedcook.Arestaurantheopened27yearsagoinItalyhastwicebeennamedthebestintheworld.Today,Bottura'scookingempirespreadsfromDubai,intheMiddleEast,toBeverlyHills,California.AtRefettorioAmbrosiano,themenuchangesdaily,dependingonwhatcomeswiththemorning'sdelivery.Bydinner，thesesupermarketwasteshavebeentransformed（转化）．The100orsodiners-refuges（难民），thehomeles,andtheunemployed-enjoythemealwithobviouspleasure.Mealsarefreeofchargeforpeopleinneed.Bottura’sRefettoriosarenotrestaurantsthey’reactuallysoupkitchens（施食处）.ButBotturawouldnotcallthemthat.Hethinksofthemasplacesthatshinealightonthedignityoftheirguestswhilefocusingattentiononthefood-wasteproblem.BotturacameupwiththeideaofRefettorioAmbrosianoin2015.Hewantedtoinvitetheworld'sbestcookstocookwithhimforthecity'shomelessandturnedanabandonedtheaterintoadiningroomforpeopleinneed.TurningbasicmaterialsintodeliciousmealsisBottura'smagic.Hesayshisgrandmothertaughthimhowtomake“theoriginalno-wastekitchen".CooksatBottura'srestaurantslearnhisapproachtocooking.Buttheyalsolearnabouthisbeliefinmakingadifferenceinpeople'slives.“Everybodyhastheabilitytocontributetopositivechange.Itstartswithallofus,inourownkitchens,”Botturasays.Itstartsbylookingatanoldcarrotorabrokenpieceofbreadandcatchingashineofgold.“Thereare8billionpeopleonEarth.Weproduceenoughfoodfor12billionpeople,"MassimoBotturasays.“Everyyear,morethanabilliontonsoffoodendsupwasted.Asaresult,820millionpeopledon'thaveenoughtoeat．Andfoodwasteisresponsiblefor10％ofglobalgreenhouseemissions（排放）．”24.WheredotheRefettorios'mealmaterialscomefrom?A.Socialcontribution. B.Supermarketwastes.C.Governmentsupply. D.Productsmadebythemselves.25.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedpart“shinealightonthedignityof"inparagraph2?A.ignoretheneedof B.focusontherightofC.showrespectfor D.getpraisesfrom26.WhydidBotturadecidetorunRefettorios?A.Tocreatethemostpopularkitchen. B.Toteachhiscookingmagic.C.Toenlargehiscookingempire. D.Tospreadhisideaofsavingfood.27.WhatmayhavecausedthefoodshortageaccordingtoMassimoBottura?A.Thewasteoffood. B.Globalgreenhouseemissions.C.Naturaldisasters. D.Theincreasingworldpopulation.CTheIceCreamMachineisnoordinarytale.It’saflavorful（好味道的）bookmadeupofsixstories，allofwhichhavethesametitle,buteachhasadifferentstorycenteringononesubject,icecream.Oneice-creamstoryfocusesonaboyandhisrobotinthedistantfuture.Anotherisaboutafatheranddaughterwhoinventanice-creammachine.Myfavoritestoryinthebooktalksabouttwosisters,PamandPenelope，whotrytoenteranice-cream-eatingcontest.Thesixstoriesgowithblack-and-whiteillustrations（插图）fromsixdifferentartists.TheIceCreamMachineisinventiveandfun.Itsauthor,AdamRubin,hasalotofexperiencewhenitcomestowritingaboutfood.Hismostfamouschildren'sbookisDragonsLoveTacos.ItwasaNo.1NewYorkTimesbest-seller."Iliketowriteaboutfoodbecauseit'suniversallybelovedbypeopleofalldifferentcultures,”Rubinsays.“It'ssomethingwecanallrelateto.”RubinhopesTheIceCreamMachineinspireskidstowrite.Itsjacketturnsintoanenvelopeinwhichreaderscansendhimtheirstories.Rubinsayswritersshouldwriteaboutthingstheylike.“Ifyou'retryingtowritesomethingthatsomeoneelselikes,youmightnotgetitright.Thennoone'shappy,"hesays.“Butifyoufocusonwritingaboutsomethingthatyoulike,thenit'sfun.Whenitmakesyouhappy,yourwritingwillbringjoy.”IrecommendTheIceCreamMachinetoanyonewholikescreativestorytelling.Thebookgoesdownjustlikeicecream;smooth,enjoyable,andwithapleasantaftertaste.Rubin'sfavoriteflavoroficecream?“Chocolatechip,”hesays.Don'ttellhim,butthebestflavorisactuallybirthdaycake!28.WhydoesAdamRubinlikewritingaboutfood?A.Peoplearoundtheworldshowinterestinfood. B.Manydifferentbooksfocusonfood.C.Foodisthesymbolofdifferentcultures. D.Foodisthematerialbaseofhumanlife.29.WhatdoesAdamRubininspirechildrentowriteabout?A.Somethingconnectedwithfood. B.Whatotherpeoplelike.C.Whathappenstothem. D.Somethingtheyenjoy.30.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheIceCreamMachinefromthetext?A.Ithassixstorieswithdifferenttitles. B.Itcontainsmanycolorfulillustrations.C.ItisaNo.1NewYorkTimesbest-seller. D.Itiswritteninastyleofcreativestorytelling.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.MyFavoriteStoryinaBook B.SixFlavorsinOneBookC.TheBestFlavorofIceCream D.TheWriterofNo.1Best-sellerDMachinelearningisawayofteachingcomputerstodotasks.Inthepast,todoanything,computersdependedondetailed,step-by-stepinstructionswrittenbyaperson.Butwithmachinelearning,computerspickupnewskillsontheirown,usingexamplesorexperience.Thismakesmachinelearningapowerfulformofartificialintelligence,orAI.AIistheabilityofamachinetothinkorlearnlikeaperson.Alsystemspowermanykindsofmachines-fromsmartphonestorobots.Thereareafewtypesofmachinelearning.Themostcommonissupervised（监督的）learning.Inthismethod，acomputerisfedlotsofsortedtrainingdata（数据）.Forexample，itmaylookatmanyphotosofdogs.Eachphotomightbesortedbythedog'skind.Bystudyingthosephotos,thecomputerlearnswhateachkindofdoglookslike.Then,thecomputercanpickoutdogkindsinnew,unsortedphotos.Themoredatathecomputerstudies,thebetteritgetsatitstask.Anotherimportantkindofmachinelearningisreinforcement（强化）learning.Usingthistypeoflearningissortofliketrainingyourdogtodoatrick（把戏）.Thecomputerlearnstoachievesomegoalbyinteractingwithitsenvironment.Whenthecomputermakesachoicethatbringsitclosertoitsgoal,itgetsavirtualreward.Throughtrialanderror,thecomputerlearnstomakebetterchoices.ThistypeofmachinelearninghashelpedcomputersmasterdifficultgameslikeGoandStarCraftII.Ithasalsobeenusedtoteachself-drivingcarshowtogetaround.Machinelearninghashelpedcreatetechnologyallaroundus.Itpowerslanguagetranslatorsandsearchengines.Whenyourstreamingservicesrecommendnewshowsyoumightlike,that'smachinelearningatwork.Machinelearningsystemsalsoorganizepostsinsocialmediafeeds.Theyevenhelpjudgediseases,Inmanyways,theproblem-solvingpowerofmachinelearningisreshapingtheworld.32.Whatcanweknowaboutmachinelearningfromthetext?A.Itdirectscomputerstofollowprograms. B.Itmakescomputersrunundernocontrol.C.Itisaformofartificialintelligence. D.Itisakindoffunctionofallcomputers.33.Howcancomputersleanbetterinsupervisedlearning?A.Bystudyingasmuchdataaspossible. B.Byfollowingstep-by-stepinstructions.C.Bytellingdifferencesbetweendogkinds. D.Bymakingasmanyattemptsaspossible.34.Whatdocomputerslearninreinforcementleaming?A.Doingtricks. B.Settinggoals. C.Makingchoices. D.Simplifyingsteps.35.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetomachinelearning?A.Uncaring. B.Doubtful. C.Unclear. D.Supportive.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoCreateYourOwnFamilyTraditionsSometimeswefollowcertainfamilytraditionsbecausewesimplyhavenothingelsetoputinitsplace.However,whentherearechangesinthefamily,itforcesustoexamineouroldtraditions.Sohowdoyoufindnewtraditionstointroduce?36There'snopointthrowingthebabyoutwiththebathwater,sothinkofanytraditionsfromyourpastthatyoudowanttocarryon.Youcanpickoutthebestandleavethoseyouarenotsofondofbehind.Tailor（制定）aroundyourfamily＇slikesandinterests.Itisasure-firewaytoensureeveryoneisgoingtoenjoythemselvesandmaybeevencontinuethetradition.Whateveryourfamilyenjoy,youcanpersonalizeyourtraditiontoinvolvetheelementsthatthewholefamilyenjoy.37Searchtheworldforideas.38_Itdoesn'tmeanyoucan'tadoptaforeignideajustbecauseitisn'tyourculture.Nomatterwhattheforeigntraditionsare,there'snoreasonwhyyoucan'tmakethemyoursalso.Dowhatyourfriendsdo.Onewaytofindideasistoaskfriendswhattheydo.39Andtheconversationwiththemcouldevenbringaninvitationtojointhemintheirtraditions.40Findingtherighttraditionsthatworkforyourfamilycantakesometimetofigureout.Forittobecomeatradition,itneedstobecontinuedyearafteryear.So,beforeyoumakethefinaldecision,tryitoutforfitforafewyearsandthinkabouthowitwillworkinthefuture.A.Keepitachievableforthelongterm.B.Takethebestoftheold,andleavetherest.C.Takeinspirationfromyourfamilymembers.D.Therearedifferentculturesandtraditionsaroundtheworld.E.Soitdoesn'tmatterifitlooksdifferenttootherfamilies.F.However,familytraditionsmeansomethingspecialtoyourfamily.G.Generally,theycouldhelpcomeupwithlocalactivitiesandsuggestions.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。JoeWhaleisknownworldwideforhisblack-and-whitedoodles（涂鸦）andwallpaintings.Nicknamedthe“DoodleBoy”,hehasmorethan100,00041onInstagram.Joe,whois12yearsold,livesinEngland.Hehasbeen42artsincehewasasmallchild.“Ialways43ontheblackboard,whichmademy_44_angry,andbroughtmemuch45.SonowIjustdoafewinschool.”Joetoldmeinarecentinterviewbyvideo.Fortunately,hisparentsrecognizedhis 46 andsignedhimupforanartclub.Whentheartclub_47someofJoe'sdoodlesonInstagram,alocal 48 askedJoe'sdadifhecoulddoodleontheirwall.Itprovedtobeareal49tocustomers.“Iwasn’treally＿50＿paintingonatallladder（梯子），soittookmeabout12hoursto＿51 doitall,”Joesaid.Hedevelopedhispaintingfurther,ashis_52_increasedwitheverydoodlehemade.Joehassomefavorite53＿inhisartwork，includingaliens（外星人）andmonsters．Ifhegets54，heuseshissurroundingsforinspiration.Joe55allkidstohavefunwithart.Hethinksthatit's_56_totrustyourownheart,evenifyouare57.“Ifyou'redoodling,becreative,”Joesaid.“Mostimportantly,havefundoingwhatyou58.”Joeistheillustrator（插画家）ofanewplayful59 byEricLupercalledBadFood:GameofScones.Thebookis_60withJoe'sblack-and-whitedoodles.41.A.strangers B.workers C.followers D.customers42.A.caringabout B.longingfor C.passingdown D.cheeringfor43.A.climbed B.wrote C.exercised D.drew44.A.friends B.teachers C.neighbors D.trainers45.A.trouble B.fortune C.help D.pleasure46.A.talent B.achievement C.mistake D.difficulty47.A.doubted B.sold C.received D.posted48.A.government B.restaurant C.scientist D.fan49.A.shock B.attraction C.failure D.relief50.A.concernedabout B.afraidof C.usedto D.tiredof51.A.naturally B.sincerely C.actually D.briefly52.A.curiosity B.bravery C.chance D.skill53.A.characters B.rules C.dreams D.aims54.A.delighted B.bored C.stuck D.defeated55.A.warns B.encourages C.persuades D.requires56.A.easy B.formal C.original D.important57.A.pickedup B.laughedat C.dependedon D.watchedover58.A.love B.imagine C.remember D.miss59.A.game B.movie C.novel D.toy60.A.marked B.covered C.mixed D.filled第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。TheHighTemperaturesinAntarctica（南极洲）VostokstationisaRussianweatherstationinAntarctica.It'sfamous61havingthecoldesttemperatureeverrecordedonEarth:-89.2℃.ButlastFriday,Vostokset 62 newrecord,thistimeforitswarmestMarchtemperatureever:-18℃.Thatmaynotsoundverywarm,butit's15°℃warmerthanaverage.OtherareasinAntarcticawereeven_63_(hot).Anearbyweatherstationwas37℃higherthanaverage.Some64(place)inAntarcticawereexpectedtobeasmuchas50℃warmerthannormal.Ascientist,_65_studiesweatherinAntarctica,saidthetemperatureshad_66(complete)changedourexpectationsabouttheAntarcticclimatesystem.Atthistimeofyear,Antarcticaislosing25minutesofdaylighteve