2022年青海省海东市高一上学期期末考试英语试题

2021-2022学年青海省海东市高一上学期期末考试英语试题考生注意：1.本试卷共150分。考试时间120分钟。2.请将各题答案填写在答题卡上。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。ATherearemanyfamouslakesinChina.Thefollowingaresomeofthem.WestLake,HangzhouWestLakeisagiftofnature.LocatedinthewestpartofHangzhouandsurrounded(围绕)bygreenhills,thislakeisfamousforbeautifulscenery,alotofhistoricalsitesandnativeproducts.Inaddition,WestLakecanalwaysbeseeninpaintings.KanasLake,XinjiangKanasLakeisoneofthedeepestlakesinChina.Itishometoabout800kindsofplantsandmorethan100kindsofbirds.Surroundedbysnow-cappedmountainsandthickforest,thelaketakesondifferentcolorsindifferentseasons.KanasLakeisalsoamysterious(神秘的)place,andit’ssaidthatlargecreatureshavebeenseeninit.ErhaiLake,YunnanLocatedinthenorthwestpartofDaliCity,YunnanProvince,ErhaiLakeisaplateau(高原)lake.Asthelakehasashapeofanear,itgetsthenameErhai.Called“thepearlonplat-eau”foritsbeautifulscenery,itisalsooneofthemostattractiveplacesinYunnan.YamdrokLake,TibetSurroundedbybeautifulsnow-cappedmountains,thislakeisfedbymanysmallstreams.Withanareaof675squarekilometers,thislakehaslargelakesidegrassland,whichservesashighlandpastures(牧场).Therearelotsoffishlivinginthelake,whicharecaughtbylocalpeople.FromApriltoOctober,fishcaughtinthislakearesoldatthemarketinLhasa.1.Whichlakeispreferredbypaintersaccordingtothetext?A.YamdrokLake. B.KanasLake. C.ErhaiLake. D.WestLake.2.WhatdoKanasLakeandYamdrokLakehaveincommon?ATheyarefedbymanysmallrivers.B.Theycanserveashighlandpastures.C.Theyaresurroundedbysnow-cappedmountains.D.Theyarefamousforalotofstrangeanimals.3.WhydoesErhaiLakegetitsname?A.Itlookslikeanear. B.Itisverybeautiful.C.Itisaplateaulake. D.Ithasmanystories.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国的一些著名的湖泊。【1题详解】推理判断题。根据“WestLake,Hangzhou”部分关键句“Inaddition,WestLakecanalwaysbeseeninpaintings.”（此外，西湖总是可以在画中看到。）可知，西湖总是可以在画中看到，也就是说，画家喜欢画西湖，由此可推断出，画家们喜欢的湖是西湖。故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据“KanasLake,Xinjiang”部分关键句“Surroundedbysnow-cappedmountainsandthickforest,thelaketakesondifferentcolorsindifferentseasons.”（湖被白雪皑皑的群山和茂密的森林所环绕，在不同的季节呈现出不同的颜色。）可知，新疆喀纳斯湖被白雪皑皑的群山所环绕；根据“YamdrokLake,Tibet”部分关键句“Surroundedbybeautifulsnow-cappedmountains,thislakeisfedbymanysmallstreams.”（这个湖被美丽的白雪皑皑的群山环绕，由许多小溪组成。）可知，西藏羊卓雍湖也被白雪皑皑的群山所环绕，由此可知，喀纳斯湖和羊卓雍湖的共同点是它们都被雪山环绕。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据“ErhaiLake,Yunnan”部分关键句“Asthelakehasashapeofanear,itgetsthenameErhai.（由于这个湖有耳朵的形状，所以得名洱海。）可知，洱海之所以有这个名字是因为它看起来像一只耳朵。故选A项。BLivingontheFloridaEmeraldCoast,peopleviewahurricaneasacommonthing.Soitisnotunusualforafamilytohaveseveralfullgascansandbottledwaterstoredintheirhousesallsummer.Thoughunwillingtoevacuatefromahurricane,onSeptember15,myfamilywasforcedtoleaveourhomeformygrandfather'shouseseveralmilesaway.WespenttheearlypartofthateveningwatchingthehurricanedrawcloserontheWeatherChannel.Aroundnineo'clock,aloudsoundshookthehouse,turnedovertheroofandcarrieditoff.Sooncameanindoorrainstorm.Realizingthedamage,mygrandfatherbegantobeafraid.Thestormhadstarted,buthestillranoutintotheheavyrainandwindtoseehowmuchoftheroofwasleft.Wegothimbackinside.Ihadneverseenhimsoscared.Momfinallyaskedhimtoliedowninhisroom.Theleakhadprogressedrapidly.Itsoonbecamearaceagainsttimetoprotectwhatwassaved.Somepeoplemaythinkitnecessarytosavematerialthings,butIhopedtosavethoseitemswithemotionalvalue,suchasthephotos.Istillfearedthestorm,butImorefearedtheinfluenceitbrought.Thenextmorning,itstartedtoclearup.Thankfully,myfamilyweatheredthestorm,thoughthesamecouldnotbesaidforthehouse.Onlythewoodenbeamsremained,butinsidemanyofhisthingsweresafe.MymomandIhadworkedtirelesslythroughthenight.Itwaslate,butwewerestillunwillingtogotobed.Wediscussedtherebuildingofthehouse.Underthebeautifulsky,wesuggestedlookingaftermygrandfathermoreofteninthefuture.Afterthisdisaster,Irealizedthetruththatthehurricaneitselfwasnotsoterribleifwelovedeachother.4.Whydothepeoplestorefullgascansandbottledwater?A.Tosavemuchmoney. B.Towatchahurricaneeasily.C.Toprotecttheirhouseswell. D.Tobepreparedforhurricanes.5.Howdidtheauthor'sgrandfatherfeelduringthehurricane?A.Frightened. B.Surprised. C.Calm. D.Angry.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"weathered"inparagraph5mean?A.Preparedwellfor. B.Waitedpatientlyfor.C.Camesafelythrough. D.Sufferedseriouslyfrom.7.Whatmaytheauthorlearnfromtheexperience?A.Familyloveispowerful. B.Takethingsastheycome.C.Goodhealthisoverwealth. D.Losttimeisneverfoundagain.【答案】4.D5.A6.C7.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家度过飓风的经历，作者也在这次经历中意识到了亲情的珍贵和强大。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“LivingontheFloridaEmeraldCoast,peopleviewahurricaneasacommonthing.Soitisnotunusualforafamilytohaveseveralfullgascansandbottledwaterstoredintheirhousesallsummer.(生活在佛罗里达翡翠海岸的人们认为飓风是一件很平常的事情。因此，一个家庭在整个夏天都有几个装满汽油的罐子和瓶装水，这并不罕见)”可知，人们要储存汽油罐和瓶装水是为了为飓风做好准备。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Realizingthedamage,mygrandfatherbegantobeafraid.(祖父意识到这种损害后，开始害怕起来)”可知，作者的祖父在飓风中感觉害怕。故选A。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Thenextmorning,itstartedtoclearup.Thankfully,myfamily”以及后文“thestorm,thoughthesamecouldnotbesaidforthehouse”可知，第二天早上，天开始放晴，虽然这所房子就不一样了，但值得庆幸的是，作者一家安全度过了这场风暴。故画线词意思是“安全度过”。故选C。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Underthebeautifulsky,wesuggestedlookingaftermygrandfathermoreofteninthefuture.Afterthisdisaster,Irealizedthetruththatthehurricaneitselfwasnotsoterribleifwelovedeachother.(在美丽的天空下，我们建议以后多照顾爷爷。在这场灾难之后，我意识到，如果我们彼此相爱，飓风本身并没有那么可怕)”可推知，作者从这个经历中学到了亲情是强大的。故选A。CNowadays,takingnonoticeofprotectingtheenvironmentleadstoproblemsincludingglobalwarming.Whilediscussingwithmydaughteraboutgoinggreen,IrememberedthedailypracticesinmosthouseholdsinIndia.Whatwedidwasactuallyhelpingourenvironmentandalsoprotectingourresources.Wedidallthisnaturally,withoutevenrealizingitsimportance.Wepreferredreusingpensinthepast.Weusedtohaveballpensusedagainandagainbychangingtherefillsandwealsousedinkpens,whichwererefreshednowandthenbyfillinginkinthemwhenrequired.Therewasnosuchthingasause-and-throwpen.Welovedtheprocessofcleaningthewritinginstruments.However,today,plasticpensthatdonotlastlongarerulingthestationery（文具）shops.Werecycledandreusednewspaperswithoutreallythinkingtwiceaboutit.Newspaperswerekeptcarefullyduringthosedaysbecausetheywereanimportantmaterialusedforpackingandstoring.Todayplasticbagshavebecomeimportant,Allthesematerialspolluteourlandandwaterandpreventallconservation(保护)efforts.Publictransportwasacommonthingintheolddaysanditwassomuchfun.Nowadays.nooneseemstohavethepatiencetotakepublictransportandmanyconsiderittoosillyforthem.Sopeopletaketheircarsouteverydayandpollutetheenvironment,thinkingitmakesthemlookcool.Vehicular(车辆的)pollutionincitiesisthebiggestcontributortoenvironmentalproblems.Iamnotagainsttheusageofmoderntechnologies.Infact,ithashelpedmakeourlifecasier.Whilewecanusethesametechnologytogogreeninsteadofpollutingtheenvironment,weshouldalsogobacktoafewoldtraditionsthatareecofriendly.8.Howmanydailypracticesarementionedinthetext?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.9.Whichofthefollowingmaytheauthoradviseustodo?A.Useplasticbags.B.Gotoschoolbybus.C.Useuse-and-throwpens.D.Thrownewspapersaway.10.Whatdoestheauthorwanttodointhelastparagraph?A.Summarizetheaboveparagraphs.B.Addsomebackgroundinformation.C.Introduceanewtopicfordiscussion.D.Showsomereasonstothereaders.11.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.FollowOldTraditionsB.GoGreenThenandNowC.TheEnvironmentIsWorseningD.ModernTechnologiesAreHarmful【答案】8.C9.B10.A11.B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了无论是过去还是现在，人们都应该保护环境，人们应该回归一些有利于生态的古老传统。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Wepreferredreusingpensinthepast.（过去我们更喜欢重复使用钢笔）”；第三段第一句“Werecycledandreusednewspaperswithoutreallythinkingtwiceaboutit.（我们毫不犹豫地回收和再利用报纸）”和第四段第一句“Publictransportwasacommonthingintheolddaysanditwassomuchfun.（公共交通在过去很常见，而且很有趣）”，可知，课文中提到了三个日常习惯。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中“Publictransportwasacommonthingintheolddaysanditwassomuchfun.（公共交通在过去很常见，而且很有趣）”和倒数第二段中“peopletaketheircarsouteverydayandpollutetheenvironment,thinkingitmakesthemlookcool.Vehicular(车辆的)pollutionincitiesisthebiggestcontributortoenvironmentalproblems.（人们每天把他们的车开出去，污染环境，认为这样看起来很酷。城市里的车辆污染是环境问题的最大诱因）”，可知，作者建议我们“乘公共汽车上学”。故选B。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Iamnotagainsttheusageofmoderntechnologies.Infact,ithashelpedmakeourlifecasier.Whilewecanusethesametechnologytogogreeninsteadofpollutingtheenvironment,weshouldalsogobacktoafewoldtraditionsthatareccofriendly.（我并不反对使用现代技术。事实上，它让我们的生活变得更美好。虽然我们可以用同样的技术来实现绿色，而不是污染环境，但我们也应该回归一些对生态友好的古老传统）”，可知，作者在最后一段“总结以上段落”。故选A。【11题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Nowadays,takingnonoticeofprotectingtheenvironmentleadstoproblemsincludingglobalwarming.Whilediscussingwithmydaughteraboutgoinggreen,IrememberedthedailypracticesinmosthouseholdsinIndia.Whatwedidwasactuallyhelpingourenvironmentandalsoprotectingourresources.Wedidallthisnaturally,withoutevenrealizingitsimportance.（如今，不注意保护环境导致了包括全球变暖在内的问题。在和女儿讨论环保问题时，我想起了印度大多数家庭的日常做法。我们所做的实际上是帮助我们的环境和保护我们的资源。我们自然地做了这一切，甚至没有意识到它的重要性）”和最后一段中“Whilewecanusethesametechnologytogogreeninsteadofpollutingtheenvironment,weshouldalsogobacktoafewoldtraditionsthatareccofriendly.（虽然我们可以用同样的技术来实现绿色，而不是污染环境，但我们也应该回归一些对生态友好的古老传统）”，可知，B项GoGreenThenandNow（过去和现在都要保护环境）为最佳主题。故选B。DSome128babysquidsfromHawaiiareinspaceforastudy.ThebabyHawaiiansquidscomefromtheUniversityofHawaii'sKewaloMarineLaboratory.Theyareabout7.6centimeterslong.ThereareplentyofthesetinyanimalsinHawaiianwaters.ThesquidswillcomebacktoEarthinJuly.TheyrodeonaSpaceXspacecraftalongwiththousandsofkilosofsuppliesfortheInternationalSpaceStationonJune3.JamieFosterisconductingthestudyasaresearcherattheUniversityofHawaiiwiththehelpofDr.MargaretMcFall-Ngai,amemberoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.TheHonoluluStar-Advertisernewspapersreportedthatshestudieshowspaceflightaffectsthesquids.Theresearch,startedin1989,canhelpscientistslearnabouthumanhealthduringlongtripsinspace.Squidshavearelationshipwithnaturalbacteriathathelpthemcontroltheirgivingofflight.Margaretsaid,“Whenastronautsareinlowgravity,theirbodies'relationshipwithbacteriachanges.Bacteriaareveryimportanttothehumanbodyandhealth.Therelationshipofhumanswithbacteriaisdisturbedinlowgravity,andJamiehasshownthatitistrueinsquids,"saidMargaret."And,becauseit'sasimplesystem,shecangettothebottomofwhathappens."“Asastronautsspendmoreandmoretimeinspace,theirimmunesystemsdon'tfunctionwell,”Jamiesaid."Theirimmunesystemsdon'trecognizebacteriaeasily.Theysometimesgetsick.Understandingwhathappenstothesquidsinspacecouldhelpsolvehealthproblemsthatastronautsface."Shesaid,"Theimmunesystemdoesnotworkproperlyonlongspaceflights.IfhumanswanttospendtimeonthemoonorMars,wehavetosolvehealthproblemstogetthemtheresafely.”12.What'sthepurposeoftheresearch?A.Toknowthesituationinspace. B.Tostudysquids'livingconditions.C.Tocheckastronauts'immunesystems. D.Tohelpsolveastronauts'healthproblems.13.Whydothesquidsbecometheobjectoftheresearch?A.Theyhavearelationshipwithspace.B.Theycancontroltheirgivingofflight.C.Theyhavesomethingincommonwithpeople.D.Theycansolvetheproblemsofnaturalbacteria.14.WhatisMargaret'sattitudetotheresearch?A.Uncaring. B.Positive. C.Uncertain. D.Curious.15.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inanovel. B.Inahistorybook. C.Inatravelbrochure. D.Inasciencemagazine.【答案】12.D13.C14.B15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员通过研究鱿鱼在太空中的反应来帮助解决宇航员健康问题。介绍了选择鱿鱼作为研究目标的原因以及这一研究的重要意义。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Theresearch,startedin1989,canhelpscientistslearnabouthumanhealthduringlongtripsinspace.(这项研究始于1989年，可以帮助科学家在太空长途旅行中了解人类健康)”以及倒数第二段中“Understandingwhathappenstothesquidsinspacecouldhelpsolvehealthproblemsthatastronautsface.(了解这些鱿鱼在太空中情况可能有助于解决宇航员面临的健康问题)”可知，这项研究的目的是帮助解决宇航员健康问题。故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Squidshavearelationshipwithnaturalbacteriathathelpthemcontroltheirgivingofflight.Margaretsaid,“Whenastronautsareinlowgravity,theirbodies'relationshipwithbacteriachanges.Bacteriaareveryimportanttothehumanbodyandhealth.Therelationshipofhumanswithbacteriaisdisturbedinlowgravity,andJamiehasshownthatitistrueinsquids,"saidMargaret."And,becauseit'sasimplesystem,shecangettothebottomofwhathappens."(鱿鱼与自然细菌有关系，帮助它们控制自己的发光。Margaret说：“当宇航员处于低重力状态时，他们的身体与细菌的关系发生了变化。细菌对人体和健康非常重要。在低重力环境下，人类与细菌的关系被打乱了，杰米已经证明了这在鱿鱼身上是正确的，而且，因为这是一个简单的系统，她可以了解到底发生了什么。”)”可推知，鱿鱼会成为研究的对象因为他们与人有共同之处。故选C。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Understandingwhathappenstothesquidsinspacecouldhelpsolvehealthproblemsthatastronautsface.(了解这些鱿鱼在太空中的情况可能有助于解决宇航员面临的健康问题)”可推知，Margaret对研究持积极态度。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“JamieFosterisconductingthestudyasaresearcherattheUniversityofHawaiiwiththehelpofDr.MargaretMcFall-Ngai,amemberoftheNationalAcademyofSciences.TheHonoluluStar-Advertisernewspapersreportedthatshestudieshowspaceflightaffectsthesquids.Theresearch,startedin1989,canhelpscientistslearnabouthumanhealthduringlongtripsinspace.(JamieFoster是夏威夷大学的一名研究人员，在美国国家科学院成员MargaretMcFall-Ngai博士的帮助下进行了这项研究。据《檀香山星报》报道，她研究太空飞行如何影响乌贼。这项研究始于1989年，可以帮助科学家在太空长途旅行中了解人类健康)”结合文章主要说明了研究人员通过研究鱿鱼在太空中的反应来帮助解决宇航员健康问题。介绍了选择鱿鱼作为研究目标的原因以及这一研究的重要意义。可推知，文章可能选自一本科学杂志。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Thethoughtofanaturaldisastercanbefrightening,butyoucanprepareyourselfandyourfamilywithanemergencykit.Thoughyoumaynotknowwhatkindofdisasterwillstrikeorwhen,___16___.●Packa3-daysupplyoffoodandwater.Choosefooditemswithalongshelflife,whichdon’trequirerefrigerationorlittlecooking,suchascannedgoodsandpackageditems,incaseyoudon’thavepowerduetoadisaster.Besides,Store1gallon(3.8L)ofwaterperperson(andperpet)perday.___17___,sobesuretoincludeplentyofpurified(净化的)waterinbottles.●___18___.Packemergencyblankets.sleepingbags,andatentortwoincaseyoucan’tstayinyourhome.Amultipurposetoollikeaknifeandawhistlewouldalsobehandytohaveinyourkit.●Packelectronicsandbatteries.Intheeventofabigdisaster,besuretohaveseveralflashlights,anAM/FMradio,andextrabatteries,___19___.●Includemedicineandafirstaidkit.Prescriptionandover-the-countermedicinesshouldbeincludedinyourkit.___20___.Packextraglassesandanyothermedicalsuppliesthatmaybeneeded,likehearingaidswithextrabatteries.A.herearesometipsforyouB.AddshelterandsafetysuppliesC.It’sbesttostoreenoughwaterfor2weeksD.TapwatermaybeunsafetodrinkintheeventofadisasterE.you’llbereadyforanemergencyifyoutakethetimetogetwellpreparedF.Addabasicfirstaidkitcontaininginstanticepacks,bandages,scissorsandsoonG.becauseyourlandline,cellphonewillprobablynotworkduringanaturaldisaster【答案】16.E17.D18.B19.G20.F【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了应对自然灾害，你可以为自己和家人准备一个应急包，并介绍了应急包中应该备有什么物品。【16题详解】根据上文“Thethoughtofanaturaldisastercanbefrightening,butyoucanprepareyourselfandyourfamilywithanemergencykit.(想到自然灾害可能会令人恐惧，但你可以为自己和家人准备一个应急包。)”可知，你可以准备一个应急包；而空前“Thoughyoumaynotknowwhatkindofdisasterwillstrikeorwhen,(虽然你可能不知道什么样的灾难会在什么时候发生，)”的逗号暗示，所选选项的首字母不需要大写；并且空处再次说明做好准备的必要性。选项E“you’llbereadyforanemergencyifyoutakethetimetogetwellprepared(如果你花时间做好充分准备，你就能应对紧急情况)”首字母没有大写，且内容上承上启下。故选E。【17题详解】根据上文“Besides,Store1gallon(3.8L)ofwaterperperson(andperpet)perday.(此外，每人(每只宠物)每天需储存1加仑(3.8升)的水。)”下文“sobesuretoincludeplentyofpurified(净化的)waterinbottles.(所以一定要在瓶子里放足够的纯净水。)”可知，一定要准备足够的水，并保证水的安全性。选项D“Tapwatermaybeunsafetodrinkintheeventofadisaster(如果发生灾难，自来水可能不安全，不能饮用)”符合上下文内容。故选D。【18题详解】空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文“Packemergencyblankets.sleepingbags,andatentortwoincaseyoucan’tstayinyourhome.Amultipurposetoollikeaknifeandawhistlewouldalsobehandytohaveinyourkit.(装上紧急毯子，睡袋和一两个帐篷，以防你不能呆在家里。像刀和哨子这样的多功能工具放在你的工具箱里也很方便。)”可知，本段讲的是带上安全用品。选项B“Addshelterandsafetysupplies(带上遮蔽物以及安全用品)”与本段大意一致。故选B。【19题详解】根据段首句“Packelectronicsandbatteries.(封装电子产品和电池。)”可知，本段和电子产品相关；以及空前“Intheeventofabigdisaster,besuretohaveseveralflashlights,anAM/FMradio,andextrabatteries,(在发生大灾难的时候，一定要有几个手电筒，一个AM/FM收音机，和额外的电池，)”中的逗号可知，空处单词首字母无需大写。选项G“becauseyourlandline,cellphonewillprobablynotworkduringanaturaldisaster(因为你的座机、手机在自然灾害中可能无法工作。)”解释了带电池、手电筒和收音机的原因。故选G。【20题详解】根据段首句“Includemedicineandafirstaidkit.(包括药品和急救箱。)”可知，本段与急救相关；空前“Prescriptionandover-the-countermedicinesshouldbeincludedinyourkit.(你的药箱中应该包括处方药和非处方药。)”建议读者备上药；而空后“Packextraglassesandanyothermedicalsuppliesthatmaybeneeded,likehearingaidswithextrabatteries.(带上额外的眼镜和其他可能需要的医疗用品，比如带额外电池的助听器。)”也建议带上一些应急用品。选项F“Addabasicfirstaidkitcontaininginstanticepacks,bandages,scissorsandsoon(准备一个基本的急救箱，里面有速冻冰袋、绷带、剪刀等)”也和急救相关，与上下文意一致。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onthemorningofmy60-year-oldday,Idecidedtocompleteatleastoneactofkindnessforeachcomingday.Unexpectedly,Ididtwo____21____ontheday.Thismorning,Ichoseasmalllocalcoffeeshop____22____largeonewithcrowdedcustomers.Iwantedtopayforsomeone’s____23____.Knowingthatcash(现金)wouldn’tbe____24____,Ibuyagiftcard.Igaveittothe____25____andsuggestedwhatshemightdowithit.Thenthisafternoon,while____26____inlineatthecasher’sinthesupermarket,Inoticedanelderlyladybehindmewithafewcakes.Iaskedifshe’dletme____27____them.InaheavyGermanaccent(口音),shesmiledbut____28____.Ididn’twanttoforceit,andI____29____toherwhatIwasdoing.Shesaidshehadonlybeenhereforacoupleofdays,butwouldn’tforgetallthe______30______thatshewasseeing!Andthatgaveme______31______tosticktomythought.ThesecondonehappenedwhenIwalkedbackhome.I______32______atthecrossroadandtheyellowlightsbeganto______33______.WhenIstartedtocrosstheroad,Ifeltacarwasn’tgoingto______34______,soIhadto.The______35______thenhadherwindowdown,saying,“I’msorry.”Ijustsaid“that’s______36______,”insteadofofferingherafew“unspeakablewords”.Itseemedlikea______37______reaction(反应)forme,notaforced______38______,whichmademefeel______39______.Everyactofkindnessyouhaveforotherswould______40______youthebestoftheworld.21.A.absolutely B.exactly C.suddenly D.closely22.A.asfor B.exceptfor C.ratherthan D.morethan23.A.bill B.ticket C.super D.book24.A.required B.accepted C.checked D.given25.A.waiter B.teacher C.expert D.athlete26.A.riding B.smiling C.talking D.standing27.A.payfor B.adaptto C.applyfor D.takeaway28.A.agree B.argued C.answered D.refused29.A.promised B.explained C.chatted D.shouted30A.bravery B.memory C.pressure D.kindness31.A.hope B.freedom C.patience D.help32.A.balanced B.moved C.waited D.sat33.A.break B.flash C.drop D.shake34.A.drag B.cross C.stop D.leave35.A.repairman B.policeman C.passer-by D.driver36.A.right B.all C.OK D.impossible37.A.natural B.strange C.surprising D.quick38.A.belief B.performance C.chance D.response39.A.anxious B.confident C.good D.special40.A.limit B.return C.tell D.support【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.B25.A26.D27.A28.D29.B30.D31.A32.C33.B34.C35.D36.C37.A38.D39.C40.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲了作者在同一天做的两件好事。【21题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：没想到，当天正好做了两件好事。A.absolutely绝对地；B.exactly确切地、正是地；C.suddenly突然地；D.closely密切地。下文“Thesecondonehappened”可知，作者今天正好做了两件好事。故选B。【22题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：今天早上，我选择了一家当地的小咖啡店，而不是顾客拥挤的大咖啡店。A.asfor至于；B.exceptfor除了；C.ratherthan而不是；D.morethan多于。上文“Ichoseasmalllocalcoffeeshop”可知，作者选了小的咖啡馆，而没有选大的拥挤的咖啡馆。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想支付某人的账单。A.bill账单；B.ticket票；C.super管理人；D.book书。上文“payfor”可知，作者准备要付账单。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道不接受现金，我买了一张礼品卡。A.required需要；B.accepted接受；C.checked检查；D.given给予。下文“Ibuyagiftcard”可知，作者之所以买礼品卡，没有付现金，是因为现金不被接受。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我把它给了服务员，并建议她可以用它做什么。A.waiter服务员；B.teacher老师；C.expert专家；D.athlete运动员。上文“Iwantedtopayforsomeone’s”可知，作者准备要付钱，所以应该是把钱或者东西给服务员。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后今天下午，我在超市的收银台排队时，注意到我身后有一位老太太拿着几块蛋糕。A.riding骑马；B.smiling微笑；C.talking说话；D.standing站立。下文“inlineatthecasher’sinthesupermarket”可知，作者在站着排队付钱。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我问她是否让我付钱。A.payfor支付；B.adaptto适应；C.applyfor申请；D.takeaway带走。上文“Iwantedtopayforsomeone’s”和“atthecasher’s”可知，作者准备要为别人付钱，作者现在在收银处，应该是给那些蛋糕付钱。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：带着浓重的德国口音，她微笑着拒绝了。A.agree同意；B.argued争论；C.answered回答；D.refused拒绝。下文“but”可知，对方笑了，但是又拒绝了。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想勉强，我向她解释了我在做什么。A.promised承诺；B.explained解释；C.chatted闲聊；D.shouted大喊。下文“whatIwasdoing”可知，为了不引起误会，作者这里向她解释他在干什么。故选B。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说自己才来了几天，却不会忘记看到的一切善意！A.bravery勇敢；B.memory记忆；C.pressure压力；D.kindness善良。上文语境“作者想帮她付蛋糕的钱”和下文“thatshewasseeing”可知，这时作者想帮她，所以她看到的肯定是一种善行。故选D。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这给了我坚持我的想法的希望。A.hope希望；B.freedom自由；C.patience耐心；D.help帮助。上文“wouldn’tforgetallthekindness”可知，她懂得感恩，这给了作者信心。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在十字路口等待，黄灯开始闪烁。A.balanced平衡；B.moved移动；C.waited等待；D.sat坐。下文“atthecrossroad”可知，作者在十字路口等红绿灯。故选C。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在十字路口等待，黄灯开始闪烁。A.break中断；B.flash闪光；C.drop滴；D.shake摇。上文“theyellowlights”可知，此时黄灯开始闪烁。故选B。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我开始过马路时，我觉得汽车不会停下来，所以我不得不停下来。A.drag拖拽；B.cross交叉；C.stop停止；D.leave离开。下文“soIhadto”可知，我不得不停下来，是因为有一个车不打算停下来。故选C。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后司机把她的车窗放下，说：“对不起”。A.repairman修理工；B.policeman警察；C.passer-by过路人；D.driver司机。上文语境“作者在过马路”和下文“hadherwindowdown”可知，司机从车内把车窗摇下来。故选D。【36题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只是说“没关系”，而不是给她几句“难言之语”。A.right对的；B.all全部的；C.OK好的；D.impossible不可能的。下文“insteadofofferingherafew‘unspeakablewords’”可知，作者并没有说过分的话，而是原谅了这个司机，that’sOK(没关系)。故选C。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说似乎是一种自然的反应，而不是强迫性的反应，这让我感觉很好。A.natural自然的；B.strange奇怪的；C.surprising令人惊讶的；D.quick快的的。下文“notaforcedresponse”可知，这对作者来说不是强迫的反应，而是一种自然的反应。故选A。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说似乎是一种自然的反应，而不是强迫性的反应，这让我感觉很好。A.belief信念；B.performance性能；C.chance机会；D.response反应。上文“likeanaturalreactionforme”可知，对作者来说这是一种自然的反应，而不是一种强迫的反应。故选D。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这对我来说似乎是一种自然的反应，而不是强迫性的反应，这让我感觉很好。A.anxious着急的；B.confident自信的；C.good不错的；D.special特别的。上文“likeanaturalreactionforme”可知，这是作者自然的、发自内心的反应，让作者感觉良好。故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：你对他人的每一次善举都会回报你世界上最好的东西。A.limit限制；B.return返回；C.tell告诉；D.support支持。上文语境“老妇人拒绝作者帮她付款的行为，但她会记得作者的善意”和上文“Everyactofkindnessyouhaveforothers”可知，做好事会有回报，即你对别人做的好事都会得到回报。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。RecentlysomeAmericanscientistshavegiven____41____usefulpieceofadvicetopeopleinindustrializedcountries.Theysaypeopleshouldeatmoreofthesamekindoffood____42____(eat)byhumanslivingmorethan10,000yearsago.Thescientistssaythathumanlifehaschanged____43____(great).Ourbodieshavenotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyle,____44____hasledtonewkindsofsicknesses.Theywerenotknowninancienttimes.Nowadaysthey____45____(call)“diseasesofcivilization(文明)”.Manycancersanddiseasesofthebloodsystemareexamplesofsuchdiseases.Thescientistsnoteachangeinfoodisoneofthemain____46____(different)betweenlifeinancienttimesandthattoday.StoneAgepeople____47____(hunt)wildanimalsfortheirmeatthathadmuchlessfatthandomestic(驯养的)ones.Theyatealotoffreshwildvegetablesandfruits.Buttoday,weeatalargeamountofhigh-fatfood.____48____addition,weeatsixtimesmoresaltthanancientpeopledidandweeatmoresugaraswell.Peopletodayprobablydon’twanttolivelikeancientpeople.Butthescientistssaythatwewouldbemuch____49____(healthy)ifweeatmuchthesamewayastheancientpeopledid,____50____(cut)theamountoffatty,saltyandsweetfood.【答案】41.a42.eaten43.greatly44.which45.arecalled46.differences47.hunted48.In49.healthier50.cutting【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了一些美国科学家给工业化国家的人们提出了一条有用的建议:人们应该多吃一万多年前人类吃的同类食物,并分析其原因。【41题详解】考查冠词。句意：最近，一些美国科学家给了工业化国家的人们一条有用的建议。设空处后为可数名词的单数，表泛指，应用不定冠词，useful发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们说，人们应该多吃一万多年前人类吃的同类食物。设空处在在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语food之间是逻辑的被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式。故填eaten。【43题详解】考查副词。句意：科学家们说，人类生活已经发生了巨大的变化。设空处前为动词，设空处应为副词修饰动词。故填greatly。【44题详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们的身体已经无法应对这些生活方式的改变，这就导致了新的疾病。设空处引导非限制性的定语从句，先行词为“Ourbodieshavenotbeenabletodealwiththesechangesinlifestyle（我们的身体无法应对这些生活方式的变化）”，故填which。【45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：现在它们被称为文明疾病。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语they之间是被动关系，结合时间状语nowadays（现在），可知句子的时态为一般现在时，设空处为一般现在时的被动语态，句子的主语为they,结合主谓一致。故填arecalled。【46题详解】考查名词。句意：科学家们指出，食物的变化是古代和现代生活的主要差异之一。oneof+名词的复数（…其中之一）。设空处应为名词的复数的形式。故填differences。【47题详解】考查动词时态。句意：石器时代的人们猎杀野生动物是为了获取比家养动物脂肪少得多的肉。设空处在句中作谓语，根据StoneAge（石器时代），可知时态为一般过去时。故填hunted。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：此外，我们吃的盐比古人多六倍，我们吃的糖也更多。inaddition另外，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填In。【49题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：但是科学家们说，如果我们像古人那样吃东西，减少高脂肪、咸的和甜的食物，我们会更健康。设空处前为be动词，设空处应为形容词作表语，根据前面的much，可知设空处为比较级。故填healthier。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意见上题解析。设空处在句中作非谓语，和句子的逻辑主语theancientpeople之间是逻辑的主动关系，应用现在分词作状语。故填cutting。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处,多者（从第11处起）不计分Asastudent,Ihaddifficultyimprovemymathforalongtime.ButIdidn'twanttogiveup.Idecidedto