2022年河南省安阳市高一下学期期末考试英语试题

2021—2022学年（下）高一年级英语期末考试考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AFollowingdetaileddiscussionswithallpartiesconcerned,theOCAExecutiveBoardannouncedthatithasdecidedtoputoffthe19thAsianGames,whichwasscheduledtobeheldinHangzhoufrom10to25,September2022.Thereare40sportsincludingswimming,archery,athletics,badminton,baseballandsoftball,basketball,boxing,etc.Duringthecompetitiondays,athleteswillcompetefor482goldmedals.Thefirsteventonthescheduleismen’sfootball.Themascots(吉祥物)ofthe19thAsianGamesHangzhou2022areagroupofrobots.ThethreeanimatedcharactersCongcong,LianlianandChenchenhavebecomeincreasinglypopular.TheycanbeseeneverywhereinHangzhou.Themascots’designswereinspiredbyHangzhou’sthreeWorldHeritagesites,namelytheArchaeologicalRuinsofLiangzhuCulture,theWestLake,andtheGrandCanal.TheHangzhouAsianGamesOrganizingCommitteehasworkedwithAlipaytoencouragethepublictodonate(捐献)onekilogramof“energy”theycollectedinagameknownas“AntForest”.Through“AntForest”peopleexchangetheiractualdailyfootstepsforvirtualenergy,whichcanbeusedtoplantrealtreesinChina.Inordertopromote“Zero-wasteAsianGames”,Hangzhouisbuildingzero-wastehotelsfortheAsianCames.Forexample,HangzhouInternationalExpoCentreHotelhasbuiltasetofdrinkablewatersystemtoreplacethebottledwatersupplyinguestrooms.Basedonthestandardoftwobottlesofwaterforeachroom,thedrinkablewatersystemcansavemorethan500bottlesofmineralwaterperdayandthusreduceagreatnumberofplasticbottlesinayear.1.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe19thAsianGamesHangzhou2022?A.Therearethreemascotsdesignedforit.B.Itwilllastmorethan18days.C.Swimmingeventswilltakeplacefirst.D.Morethan500goldmedalswillbeoffered.2.WhyhastheorganizingcommitteeworkedwithAlipay?A.Toraisesomemoney.B.Tocollectsomeenergy.C.Toprotecttheenvironment.D.Toimprovethelocaleconomy.3.HowwillHangzhouInternationalExpoCentreHotelreducethewaste?A.Bycollectingtherubbish.B.Bydonatingbottledwater.C.Bylimitingtheuseofwater.D.Byreducingtheuseofplastic.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了原定于2022年9月10日至25日在杭州举行的第十九届亚运会将会被推迟，同时文章介绍了此次亚运会的运动项目，吉祥物以及此次亚运会为保护环境所做的贡献。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Themascots(吉祥物)ofthe19thAsianGamesHangzhou2022areagroupofrobots.ThethreeanimatedcharactersCongcong,LianlianandChenchenhavebecomeincreasinglypopular.(杭州2022年第19届亚运会的吉祥物是一组机器人。这三个动画人物琮琮、莲莲和宸宸越来越受欢迎。)”可知，杭州2022年第19届亚运会有三个吉祥物，故选A。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“TheHangzhouAsianGamesOrganizingCommitteehasworkedwithAlipaytoencouragethepublictodonate(捐献)onekilogramof“energy”theycollectedinagameknownas“AntForest”.Through“AntForest”peopleexchangetheiractualdailyfootstepsforvirtualenergy,whichcanbeusedtoplantrealtreesinChina.(杭州亚运会组委会与支付宝合作，鼓励公众捐献他们在“蚂蚁森林”游戏中收集的1公斤“能量”。通过“蚂蚁森林”，人们将日常生活中的实际脚印交换成虚拟能量，这些虚拟能量可以用来在中国种植真正的树木。)”可知，杭州亚运会组委会与支付宝合作，能鼓励人们将在游戏中收集的能量捐赠，进而可以在中国种植真正的树木，由此可推知，杭州亚运会组委会与支付宝合作的目的是为了保护环境，故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Forexample,HangzhouInternationalExpoCentreHotelhasbuiltasetofdrinkablewatersystemtoreplacethebottledwatersupplyinguestrooms.Basedonthestandardoftwobottlesofwaterforeachroom,thedrinkablewatersystemcansavemorethan500bottlesofmineralwaterperdayandthusreduceagreatnumberofplasticbottlesinayear.(例如，杭州国际博览中心酒店已经建立了一套饮用水系统，取代了客房中的瓶装水供应。根据每个房间两瓶水的标准，饮用水系统每天可以节省500多瓶矿泉水，从而在一年内减少大量的塑料瓶。)”可知，杭州国际博览中心酒店建立饮用水系统，取代了客房中的瓶装水供应，这样能每天节省500多瓶矿泉水，所以说，杭州国际博览中心酒店通过减少塑料的使用来减少浪费，故选D。BAftertheWichitaStateUniversitymen’sbasketballteambeattheteamfromTarletonStateonTuesday,oneplayertookanunusualvictorylaparoundthestadium.DexterDennisstayedafterthegametohelpstaffatKochArenaclean.DennishelpedleadtheShockerstosuccess,buthedidn’tshowoff.Instead,thesoft-spokencollegejuniorfromLouisianadidsomethingveryhumble.Thevideofromthecourtshowshimpickinguprubbishinthestands.Nooneaskedhimtodoit.ThevideowassharedonTwitterbyTaylorEldridge,whocoversWichitaStateathleticsforTheWichitaEaglenewspaper.“Dexterisadifferentkindofguy,”Eldridgetweeted.Thevideoquicklycirculated,whichreceivedmorethan1.5millionviewsandtensofthousandsoflikes.“Wasn’tintroubleoranything.Didn’thaveto.Hejustwantedtohelpoutthecleaningworkers,”Eldridgewroteinanothertweet.“Cleanupcantakeuptothreehoursaftereverygame,”WichitaStateUniversityFacilitiesDirectorDavidGomezsaid.“Seeingastudentathletestayingtohelpisinspiring.”“WehaveseveralpeoplewhohavebeenhereformanyyearsandIknowforsomeofthem,that’sprobablythefirsttimethey’veseensomethinglikethathappen,”saidGomez.“AndIwanttosaythankyouforleadingandshowingusthattherearestillpeopleouttherewhorecognizethehardworkthat’sdonearoundhere.”“It’scrazythatsomeonewhojustplayedthegamehelpscleanupthestadium,”WichitaStatestudentandgolferMaxWojciechowskitoldKWCH.DennisrefusedKWCH’sofferforaninterviewandhasnotrespondedtoCBSNews,butdidaddressthemomentonTwitter.“Didn’tdoitforattention,”Dennistweeted.Heplayedfor30minutesduringthegame,hittingthreeoffourshotsfromthefieldandalsoenteringthetop10alltimeforcareerthree-pointersinShockerhistory,KWCHreports.4.Whatattractedpeople’sattentionaboutDexterDennis?A.Hisbasketballskills. B.Hiswinningthematch.C.Hisspecialappearance. D.Hiscleaningthestadium.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“circulated”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Lostattention. B.Raiseddoubts. C.Becamepopular. D.Gotpermission.6.HowdidDavidGomezreacttoDexterDennis’sbehaviour?A.Hefeltpuzzled. B.Heappreciatedit.C.Heexpressedhisregret. D.Hegavehimaprize.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesDexterDennis?A.Caringandhelpful. B.Creativeandpatient.C.Smartandhardworking. D.Outgoingandhumorous.【答案】4.D5.C6.B7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了大三学生DexterDennis在比赛后留下来帮助工作人员打扫体育场，这一行为引起了人们的关注。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“DexterDennisstayedafterthegametohelpstaffatKochArenaclean.(DexterDennis在比赛结束后留下来帮助科赫球馆的工作人员打扫卫生)”以及第二段中“Thevideofromthecourtshowshimpickinguprubbishinthestands.Nooneaskedhimtodoit.(球场上的视频显示他在看台上捡垃圾。没有人要求他做这件事)”可知，DexterDennis打扫体育场的行为吸引了人们的注意。故选D。【5题详解】词句猜测题。根据画线词后文“whichreceivedmorethan1.5millionviewsandtensofthousandsoflikes”可知，这段视频迅速变得流行，点击量超过150万次，获得了数万个赞。故画线词意思是“变得流行”。故选C。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段““Cleanupcantakeuptothreehoursaftereverygame,”WichitaStateUniversityFacilitiesDirectorDavidGomezsaid.“Seeingastudentathletestayingtohelpisinspiring.”(威奇托州立大学设施主任DavidGomez说：“每场比赛后的清理工作可能需要长达3个小时。看到一个学生运动员留下来提供帮助是令人鼓舞的。”)”可知，DavidGomez对DexterDennis的行为很欣赏。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“DexterDennisstayedafterthegametohelpstaffatKochArenaclean.(DexterDennis在比赛结束后留下来帮助科赫球馆的工作人员打扫卫生)”以及第二段“DennishelpedleadtheShockerstosuccess,buthedidn’tshowoff.Instead,thesoft-spokencollegejuniorfromLouisianadidsomethingveryhumble.Thevideofromthecourtshowshimpickinguprubbishinthestands.Nooneaskedhimtodoit.(Dennis帮助“震撼者”获得了成功，但他从不炫耀。相反，这位来自路易斯安那州的轻声细语的大三学生做了一件非常谦逊的事情。球场上的视频显示他在看台上捡垃圾。没有人要求他做这件事)”可推知，DexterDennis关心他人且乐于助人。故选A。CArecentscientificreportsaysthatmorethanone-fifthoftheworld’sreptiles(爬行动物)arefacedwithextinction.Themainthreat(威胁)toreptilesisthelossoftheirnaturalhomes,ashumanstakeovermoreandmorenaturalareas.Thestudy,writtenby52scientists,isthefirstworldwidemeasurementofhowthreateneddifferentspecies(物种)ofreptilesare.Thenewreporthasshownsomeunhappynews—21%ofallreptilespeciesareindangerofextinction.That’sover1,800speciesinall.Themainreasonwhythesereptilesaredyingoutisthathumansaretakingovermoreandmoreoftheirhabitats—theplaceswheretheynaturallylive.Morelandcontinuestobeclearedtomakeroomforcitiesandtowns.Largeareasoflandarealsobeingclearedsothattheycanbeusedasfarmland.Logging—cuttingdowntreesforwood—isanotherbigthreattoreptilehabitat.Turtlesandcrocodilesareamongthemostthreatenedreptiles.Humansareadirectthreathere,oftenkillingtheseanimalsfortheirskinormeat.Similarworldwidestudiesofbirdsandmammals(哺乳动物)weremademorethantenyearsago.Theauthorsofthereportsayitwashardertocollectthemoneyneededtostudyreptiles.Theybelievethat’sbecausefurryorfeatheryanimalslikemammalsandbirdsaremorepopularwithmostpeople.Butevenifreptilesaren’tconsideredcute,theyplayaveryimportantpartinnature’sfoodchains.Oneserviceperformedbyreptilesthathumansshouldappreciateishelpingcontrolcertainpests,likeinsectsandrats.Weknowwhatmustbedonetoprotectreptiles.BruceYoung,oneoftheleadersofthestudy,says,“Wehaveallthetoolsweneed.”Protectingnaturalareasisatthetopofthelist.Studiesshowthatsavingnaturalareasdoesn’tjustprotectmammalsorbirds,butallkindsofanimals,includingreptiles.Sothetimeisalwaysrighttodotherightthing!8.Whatisthetopreasonforreptiles’dangeroussituation?A.Thelackoffood. B.People’skillingthem.C.Thelossoftheirnaturalhomes. D.People’scuttingdowntrees.9.Whatcanweinferfromparagraph4?A.Reptilesareprettierthanmammals.B.Peoplecaremoreaboutmammalsthanreptiles.C.Mammalsaremoreimportantthanreptiles.D.Reptilesarebetterprotectedthanmammals.10.Whatisthepurposeofthelastparagraph?A.Tosharesomegoodnews. B.Toteachsomeusefulskills.C.Tocallonpeopletotakeaction. D.Togivepeoplesomeconfidence.11.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ReptilesAreatRiskofDyingOut.BANewReportShowedSomeBadNews.C.WhatShouldWeDotoProtectReptiles?D.WhyReptilesAreinDanger?【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一篇研究，研究表明有相当一部分爬行动物濒临灭绝，主要原因在于自然栖息地的丧失；文章还指出爬行动物不如哺乳动物和鸟类受到人类关注，呼吁大家采取行动保护爬行动物。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的最后一句“Themainthreat(威胁)toreptilesisthelossoftheirnaturalhomes,ashumanstakeovermoreandmorenaturalareas.”（爬行动物的主要威胁在于，人类不断地占据自然区域，导致这些动物失去了自然栖息地。）可知，导致爬行动物面临险境的最大原因是失去了自然栖息地。故选C项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段的前三句“Similarworldwidestudiesofbirdsandmammals(哺乳动物)weremademorethantenyearsago.Theauthorsofthereportsayitwashardertocollectthemoneyneededtostudyreptiles.Theybelievethat’sbecausefurryorfeatheryanimalslikemammalsandbirdsaremorepopularwithmostpeople.”（十多年前，世界各地均对鸟类和哺乳动物开展了类似的研究。该报告的作者称，筹集爬行动物研究资金会更加困难。他们认为这是因为像哺乳动物和鸟类这样毛茸茸或有羽毛的动物更受大多数人欢迎。）可知，和哺乳动物和鸟类相比，筹集用于研究爬行动物的资金会更难，而且爬行动物也不如哺乳动物和鸟类受欢迎，由此可知，人们更关心哺乳动物，而不是爬行动物。故选B项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Weknowwhatmustbedonetoprotectreptiles.BruceYoung,oneoftheleadersofthestudy,says,“Wehaveallthetoolsweneed.”Protectingnaturalareasisatthetopofthelist.Studiesshowthatsavingnaturalareasdoesn’tjustprotectmammalsorbirds,butallkindsofanimals,includingreptiles.Sothetimeisalwaysrighttodotherightthing!”（我们知道必须要做什么来保护爬行动物。研究负责人布鲁斯·扬说：“所需工具齐全。”保护自然栖息地是首要任务。研究表明，保护自然栖息地不仅仅是保护哺乳动物或鸟类，而是应该保护含爬行动物在内的所有动物。所以只要是做正确的事情，任何时机都正确。）可知，最后一段强调要采取行动保护爬行动物，说明该段目的是呼吁人们采取行动。故选C项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。文章前三段介绍一项研究，研究表明，全球超过五分之一的爬行动物濒临灭绝，主要原因是自然栖息地的丧失——这是由人类活动造成的；第四段指出爬行动物不如哺乳动物和鸟类受到人类关注；第五段呼吁人们要一视同仁，在保护哺乳动物和鸟类的同时，也应采取行动保护爬行动物。所以A项“爬行动物面临灭绝危机”最适合作为文章标题。故选A项。DTeamworkhasbeenbehindsomeofhumans’greatestachievements—theBeatles’biggesthits,puttingamanonthemoon,andthesmartphone.Doesvideointeractiondamagethecreativeprocessthatledtosuchachievements?Yes,accordingtonewresearchpublishedWednesdaythatfoundit’seasiertocomeupwithcreativeideasinperson.It’sananswermanyemployershavebeensearchingforoverthepasttwoyears,asworkingfromhomehasbecomenormalduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.“Wefirstlystartedtheprojectin2016becausewelearnedfrommanagersthatinnovationwasoneofthebiggestchallengeswithvideointeraction,”saidMelanieBrucks,anauthorofthestudy.Bruckssaidshespentfouryearsexploringwhetheritreallyhadanyinfluenceonpeople’sabilitytoproducenewideas.Sheorganized602universitystudentsanddividedthemintopairstoworkontaskseitherinpersonoronline.Thetasksincludedcomingupwithnewusesforeverydaythings.Theperformanceofeachpairwasdeterminedbyhowmanyideastheycameupwithandthevalueoftheirideasasrankedbystudentjudges.Researchersalsofoundthatvirtualparticipantsspentmoretimelookingdirectlyattheirpartner,ratherthanlookingaroundtheroom.What’smore,shesaidpairswhowerevideo-conferencingrememberedlessoftheirsurroundings.“Thisvisualfocusonthescreennarrowscognition.Inotherwords,peoplearemorefocusedwheninteractingonvideo,whichhurtsthebroad,expansiveideaproducingprocess.Objectsintheroomcaninspirenewideaseasierthantryingtoproducetheminheart,”Bruckssaid.JayOlson,ascholaratMeGillUniversityinCanada,saidmanagersshouldn’trushtogetpeoplebackintheofficeoraddmoreface-to-facemeetingsasaresultofthisresearch.“Iwouldn’twanttoseeacompanydoubletheirin-personmeetingshopingtoimprovetheirinnovation,ifthisalsomeansdoublingthecommutetimeresultinginlesshappy—andperhapslesscreative—employees.”12.Whathavemanyemployersbeenwondering?A.Whatleadstocreativeideas. B.Whatdamagesourcreativity.C.Whethervideomeetingsinfluencecreativity. D.Whetherface-to-facemeetingsaremoreeffective.13.Whatweretheuniversitystudentsaskedtodointheexperiment?A.Findsomesolutions. B.Presentnewideas.C.Showartistictalents. D.Makeeverydaythings.14.Whathurtspeople’sproducingideasaccordingtoMelanieBrucks?A.Focusingonthescreen. B.Communicatinginperson.C.Lookingaroundtheroom. D.Doublingthecommutetime.15.What’sJayOlson’sattitudetoaddingmorein-personmeetings?A.Worried. B.Unsupportive. C.Uncaring. D.Hopeful.【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了视频会议会影响创造力，介绍了研究开展的过程以及人们对此的看法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Doesvideointeractiondamagethecreativeprocessthatledtosuchachievements?(视频互动是否破坏了创造这些成就的过程？)”以及第三段“It’sananswermanyemployershavebeensearchingforoverthepasttwoyears,asworkingfromhomehasbecomenormalduringtheCOVID-19pandemic.(这是过去两年来许多雇主一直在寻找的答案，因为在新冠肺炎大流行期间，在家工作已经成为常态)”可知，许多雇主想知道视频会议是否会影响创造力。故选C。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thetasksincludedcomingupwithnewusesforeverydaythings.(这些任务包括想出日常用品的新用途)”可知，大学生在实验中被要求提出新的想法。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Thisvisualfocusonthescreennarrowscognition.Inotherwords,peoplearemorefocusedwheninteractingonvideo,whichhurtsthebroad,expansiveideaproducingprocess.(这种对屏幕的视觉聚焦缩小了认知。换句话说，人们在与视频互动时更专注，这损害了广泛的想法产生过程)”可知，梅勒妮·布鲁克斯认为，盯着屏幕伤害了人们产生想法。故选A。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“JayOlson,ascholaratMeGillUniversityinCanada,saidmanagersshouldn’trushtogetpeoplebackintheofficeoraddmoreface-to-facemeetingsasaresultofthisresearch.(加拿大梅吉尔大学学者JayOlson说，根据这项研究，经理们不应该急于让员工回到办公室，也不应该增加更多面对面的会议)”可推知，JayOlson不支持增加更多的面对面会议。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。996isatermtodescribeworkingshiftsthatstartfrom9amto9pm,6daysaweektotalling72hoursperweek.Anemployeehastostayintheofficeuntillateintheevening.___16___Rather,itisanunwrittenrule.The996workcultureismostseeninbigtechcompanies.Thereareotherformsofworkculture,suchas8106(from8amto10pm,6daysperweek),997(from9amto9pm,7daysperweek).However,the007workcultureisthemoststriking.Underthisworkculture,anemployeewouldhavetoworkfrom0amto0pm7daysperweek.___17___Lyingflatliterallymeans“lyingdownandresting”.AsanInternetbuzzword,itmeans“Idon’twanttofight”.Tomanypeople,itmeansnotfollowingtheunwrittenrulesoffast-pacedsociety,suchasnotbuyingahousenoracar,notmarrying,nothavingchildren.___18___Intheworkplace,itisrefusingtobecomeamachineforotherstomakemoney.Someworkersrefusetoacceptthe996workculture.___19___Apartfromworkingandsleeping,theyarenotabletodootheractivitiesastheyarestuckatworkandfeelconstantlytiredandpressured.By“lyingflat”,theyareabletoshowtheirdisagreementwiththeworkculture.___20___Manyofthemfeelthattogetagoodjobandagoodsalary,itisnecessarytoworkhard.Theybelievelyingflatisnotasolutionforthem.A.Theylikeworkinglonghours.B.It’shumannaturetolikelivingincomfort.C.However,notalltheyoungpeoplelikelyingflat.D.The996workingsystemisnotaformalpolicyinacompany.E.Thismeansheorshewouldhavetobeavailableonlineallday.F.Theythinktheycannotbalancetheirworkandlifeatthesametime.G.Andtosomeitmeansnotconsuming(消费)andhavingtheloweststandardofliving.【答案】16.D17.E18.G19.F20.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了公司996、007等工作制以及“躺平”的含义，还举出了人们对“躺平”的不同看法。【16题详解】下文“Rather,itisanunwrittenrule.”（确切地说，这种工作制是不成文的规定。）为设空处提供更确切的信息，即996工作制是不成文规定，由此可知，前面讲的是D项“996工作制不是一项正式的公司政策。”下文的“it”指代的是D项的“996workingsystem”。所以D项符合题意。故选D项。【17题详解】上文“Underthisworkculture,anemployeewouldhavetoworkfrom0amto0pm7daysperweek.”（在这种企业文化下，员工不得不从当日0点一直工作到次日0点，一周七天不休息。）讲的是007工作制所对应的员工具体工作时长，E项“这意味着员工一整天都得在线”则解释了上文提到的007工作制意味着什么，其中“beavailableonlineallday”与上文“workfrom0amto0pm”一致。所以E项符合题意。故选E项。【18题详解】上文“Tomanypeople,itmeansnotfollowingtheunwrittenrulesoffast-pacedsociety,suchasnotbuyingahousenoracar,notmarrying,nothavingchildren.”（对许多人而言，躺平意味着不遵循快节奏社会的这项不成文规定，比如不买房，不买车，不结婚生子。）讲的是躺平在许多人眼中的含义。下文“Intheworkplace,itisrefusingtobecomeamachineforotherstomakemoney.”（在工作语境下，躺平即拒绝成为为他人赚钱的机器。）讲的是躺平在工作语境下的含义。上下文讲的都是躺平的含义，说明设空处也是介绍躺平的含义，G项“对某些人而言，躺平意味着不消费，生活水平最低”介绍的是一部分人对躺平的理解，符合题意。故选G项。【19题详解】上文“Someworkersrefusetoacceptthe996workculture.”（一些工作者拒绝接受996工作文化）指出有些人反对996加班文化，F项“他们认为自己无法同时平衡工作与生活”指出了上文有些人反对996的原因，其中“They”指代上文的“Someworkers”，F项引出下文“Apartfromworkingandsleeping,theyarenotabletodootheractivitiesastheyarestuckatworkandfeelconstantlytiredandpressured.”（除了工作和睡觉以外，值得注意的是，他们还做其他活动，因为他们被困在工作中，经常感到疲惫和压力。）所以F项符合题意。故选F项。【20题详解】下文“Manyofthemfeelthattogetagoodjobandagoodsalary,itisnecessarytoworkhard.Theybelievelyingflatisnotasolutionforthem.”（他们当中许多人觉得为了能够有高薪的好工作，必须得努力工作。他们认为躺平并不能解决他们的问题。）讲的是有些人认为躺平不能解决问题，而且努力工作是必要的，由此可知，设空处首先指出有些人反对躺平，下文是对设空处的具体阐述，则C项“然而，不是所有的年轻人都喜欢躺平的”符合题意。故选C项。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Manypeopleholdseveraljobsthroughouttheirlife.Thisisvery___21___nowadays.ButamaninBrazilhasstayedatone___22___longerthananyoneelseintheworld.WalterOrthmann,100,___23___theGuinnessWorldRecordforworkingatthesamecompanyfor84yearsandninedays.Orthmann’s___24___startedwhenhewasjust15yearsold.He___25___IndustriasRenauxS.A.in1938,workingasashippingassistantatthetextilecompany.Asachild,hewasalways___26___tolearn,buthadtostartworkingtohelp___27___hisfamily,wholivedinBrusque.There,Orthmanncontinuedtolovelearningandgotpromotedtoasalesposition,andthenamanager.Thecompanyhasalso___28___overthepast84years,which___29___Orthmannthemostimportantpartofthebusiness:Stayup-to-dateand____30____todifferentcontexts.Hisrecord-breakingcareerwas____31____byGuinnessWorldRecordsonJanuary6,2022.Hesaiditwasan____32____,oneheneverimaginedachieving.Hisprofessional____33____istoworkinanareawhereyoufeelactive.Orthmannturned100yearsoldonApril19and____34____withcoworkers,friendsandfamily.Heexerciseseverydayandisalso____35____fit.So,hestillgoestohisfavoriteplaceeveryday:theoffice.His84-year-longcareerwasperhapsachievedbyhisabilitytoliveinthe____36____.“Idon’tdomuchplanning,nordoI____37____yesterday,”hesaid.“AllI____38____isthatyouneedtobe____39____forwhatyouhavenow.Hereandnowiswhat____40____.So,let’sgotowork!”21.A.formal B.special C.common D.strange22.A.hospital B.farm C.school D.company23.A.set B.affected C.won D.noticed24.A.interest B.job C.education D.struggle25.A.led B.entered C.organized D.introduced26.A.surprised B.stressed C.eager D.afraid27.A.protect B.support C.comfort D.recognize28.A.searched B.suffered C.changed D.recovered29.A.taught B.awarded C.promised D.spared30.A.refer B.turn C.move D.adapt31.A.confirmed B.ignored C.provided D.considered32.A.adventure B.order C.agreement D.honour33.A.advice B.solution C.purpose D.decision34.A.traveled B.celebrated C.competed D.argued35.A.usually B.gradually C.mentally D.regularly36.A.past B.present C.country D.society37.A.imagine B.prepare C.experience D.regret38.A.careabout B.lookinto C.takeover D.comeacross39.A.anxious B.known C.thankful D.ready40.A.exists B.counts C.remains D.indicates【答案】21.C22.D23.A24.B25.B26.C27.B28.C29.A30.D31.A32.D33.A34.B35.C36.B37.D38.A39.C40.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了巴西百岁老人84年在同一个公司工作，成“最强打工人”。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这在当今是很常见的。A.formal正式的；B.special特别的；C.common普遍的；D.strange奇怪的。根据上文“Manypeopleholdseveraljobsthroughouttheirlife.”可知一辈子做几份工作是很常见的事情。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但巴西有一个人在一家公司工作的时间比世界上任何人都长。A.hospital医院；B.farm农场；C.school学校；D.company公司。根据后文“workingatthesamecompanyfor84years”可知，指在同一家公司工作。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年100岁的WalterOrthmann在同一家公司工作了84年零9天，创造了吉尼斯世界纪录。A.set设置；B.affected赢得；C.won赢得；D.noticed注意到。根据后文“theGuinnessWorldRecord”指创造吉尼斯世界纪录应用动词set。故选A。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Orthmann的工作在他15岁时就开始了。A.interest兴趣；B.job工作；C.education教育；D.struggle努力。根据后文“IndustriasRenauxS.A.in1938,workingasashippingassistantatthetextilecompany”可知说明的是工作开始的时间。故选B。25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：1938年，他进入IndustriasRenauxS.A.，在一家纺织公司担任航运助理。A.led带领；B.entered进入；C.organized识别；D.introduced介绍。根据后文“IndustriasRenauxS.A.in1938,workingasashippingassistantatthetextilecompany”指进入IndustriasRenauxS.A.这家公司。故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个孩子，他总是渴望学习，但不得不开始工作，以帮养家糊口，他们住在布鲁斯克。A.surprised惊讶的；B.stressed焦虑的；C.eager渴望的；D.afraid害怕的。根据后文“tolearn,buthadtostartworking”可知他渴望学习，但不得不开始工作。故选C。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一个孩子，他总是渴望学习，但不得不开始工作，以帮养家糊口，他们住在布鲁斯克。A.protect保护；B.support支持；C.comfort安慰；D.recognize识别。根据后文“hisfamily”可知要工作养活家人，故选B。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司在过去84年里也发生了变化，这教会了Orthmann关于商业最重要的一点：与时俱进，适应不同的环境。A.searched寻找；B.suffered遭受；C.changed改变；D.recovered恢复。根据后文“overthepast84years”以及常识，公司在过去84年里也发生了变化，故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司在过去84年里也发生了变化，这教会了Orthmann关于商业最重要的一点：与时俱进，适应不同的环境。A.taught教学；B.awarded奖励；C.promised承诺；D.spared饶恕。根据后文“Orthmannthemostimportantpartofthebusiness”指该公司在过去84年里也发生了变化，这教会了Orthmann关于商业最重要的一点：与时俱进，适应不同的环境。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：该公司在过去84年里也发生了变化，这教会了Orthmann关于商业最重要的一点：与时俱进，适应不同的环境。A.refer涉及；B.turn转弯；C.move移动；D.adapt适应。根据上文“Thecompanyhasalso____overthepast84years”以及后文“todifferentcontexts”指适应不同的环境，故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：2022年1月6日，吉尼斯世界纪录确认了他打破纪录的职业生涯。A.confirmed确认；B.ignored忽视；C.provided提供；D.considered考虑。根据下文“byGuinnessWorldRecords”指吉尼斯世界纪录确认了他打破纪录的职业生涯。故选A。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说这是一种荣誉，一种他从未想过会获得的荣誉。A.adventure冒险；B.order命令；C.agreement协议；D.honour荣誉。根据后文“oneheneverimaginedachieving”可知这是一种他从未想过会获得的荣誉。故选D。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的专业建议是在你感觉活跃的地方工作。A.advice建议；B.solution解决方案；C.purpose目的；D.decision决定。根据后文“toworkinanareawhereyoufeelactive”可知，在你感觉活跃的地方工作是他对工作的建议。故选A。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Orthmann在4月19日迎来了100岁生日，和同事、朋友和家人一起庆祝。A.traveled旅行；B.celebrated庆祝；C.competed竞争；D.argued争论。根据上文“Orthmannturned100yearsoldonApril19”指庆祝一百岁生日。故选B。【35题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他每天锻炼身体，精神也很健康。A.usually通常；B.gradually逐渐地；C.mentally心理；D.regularly定期地。根据上文“Heexerciseseverydayandisalso”可知他身体健康，精神也很健康。故选C。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他长达84年的职业生涯可能是靠他活在当下的能力取得的。A.past过去；B.present目前；C.country国家；D.society社会。根据后文“forwhatyouhavenow”可知他是个活在当下的人，故选B。【37题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我没有做太多的计划，也不后悔昨天，”他说。A.imagine想象；B.prepare准备；C.experience经历；D.regret后悔。上文提到他活在当下，所以不后悔昨天，故选D。【38题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我只关心你要对你现在所拥有的心存感激。A.careabout关心；B.lookinto调查；C.takeover接管；D.comeacross偶遇。上文提到了他不在乎的事情，后文是他所在乎的，故选A。【39题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我只关心你要对你现在所拥有的心存感激。A.anxious焦虑的；B.known已知的；C.thankful感谢的；D.ready准备好的。根据后文“forwhatyouhavenow”指对现在拥有的心存感激。故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此时此刻才是最重要的。A.exists存在；B.counts重要；C.remains仍然是；D.indicates表明。Orthmann认为要活在当下，所以此时此刻才是最重要的。故选B。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。Forthefifthyearinarow,Finlandistheworld’s___41___(happy)country,accordingtoWorldHappinessReportrankingsbased___42___(large)onlifeevaluations(评估)fromtheGallupWorldPoll.TheNordiccountryand___43___(it)neighborsDenmark,Norway,SwedenandIcelandallscoreverywellonthemeasuresthereportuses___44___(explain)itsfindings.Thesemeasuresincludehealthylifeexpectancy,GDPpercapita,socialsupportintimesoftrouble,andhighsocialtrust,generosityinacommunity___45___peoplelookaftereachotherandfreedomtomakekeylife___46___(decision).DenmarkcomesinatNo.2inthisyear’srankings,___47___(follow)byIcelandatNo.3.SwedenandNorwayaretheseventhandtheeighthrespectively(分别地).Switzerland,theNetherlandsandLuxembourgtakeplaces4through6,___48___IsraelcominginatNo.9andNewZealandroundingoutthetop10.Anotherbrightpointinthisyear’sreportisthatworryandstresswentdowninthepandemic’ssecondyear.“Fortheyoung,lifesatisfactionhasfallen,whileforthoseover60,ithasrisen,”accordingtothereport.JohnHelliwell,oneofthereport’sthreefoundingeditors,admitsthatthere’sasensethatcrisesbringouteitherthebest___49___theworstinsocieties.“Butingeneral,peoplearetooworriedaboutthegoodwillinthesocietiestheylivein,sowhentheactualdisaster____50____(happen)andtheyseeotherpeoplerespondingpositivelytohelpothers,itwillraisetheiropinionbothofthemsel