高考英语重点语法考点动词的时态解析

动词的时态(Tenses)他昨天来了.他已经来了.他明天来.

Hecameyesterday.Hehascome.Hewillcometomorrow.汉语借助词汇手段而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发生；而英语主要通过谓语动词时态变化来表现。任何句子都要先注意时态.

一般过去时(TheSimplePastTense)一般现在时(TheSimplePresenttense)一般将来时(TheSimpleFutureTense)现在进行时(ThePresentContinuousTense)过去进行时(ThePastContinuousTense)现在完成时(ThePresentPerfectTense)过去完成时

(ThePastPerfectTense)过去将来时(TheSimplePastFutureTense)将来进行时(TheFutureContinuousTense)现在完成进行时(ThePresentPerfectContinuousTemse)

Howdidyouspendyourchildhood?(3sentencesormore,使用实意动词和系动词,注意动词形式变化)Example:I_______(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriends.Wealways________(play)footballandbasketballtogetherandwe_______(not)havesomuchhomeworktodoasnow.We_____(be)happyatthattime.

spentplayeddidn’twere一般过去时(TheSimplePastTense)1.结构:谓动用动词过去式，即：

主语+did+...否定句：主语+didn't+do+...2.用法:在过去时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去时间的时间状语连用。如yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,in1982等。

规则动词变过去式/过去分词pack---________carry---________marry---________plan---__________chat---__________like---________use---________packedcarriedmarriedplannedchattedlikedusedHowisyourdailylifeasahighschoolstudent?(3sentencesormore,使用实意动词和系动词,注意动词形式变化)二.一般现在时(ThePresentIndefinite)IstudyhardeverydayandIgetalongwellwithmyclassmates,butsometimesImissmyfamily.1.结构:主语为第三人称单数,谓语动词要变化,其余人称用原形.句型1：I/You/We/They+do+...句型2：He/She/It/Tom+does+...否定句：I/You/We/They+don't+do...否定句：He/She/It/Tom+doesn't+do...2.用法:1)经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用，如often/usually,every…,sometimes,at…,onSunday。2)表示不受时间限制的科学事实或客观真理。Theearthmovesaroundthesun.

3)表示已安排或计划好将来必定会发生的动作或存在的状态,一般用于be,come,go,start,begin,leave,arrive,return等动词中，常与时间状语连用．如：

Themeetingstartsat2:00p.m.

动词第三人称单数形式的构成Dadsaidtome,“Iwillbuyacomputerforyouifyoucanpasstheexam.”Dadtoldme(that)he________(buy)acomputerformeifIcouldpasstheexam.

wouldbuy犹如pictureHowwillyouspendyourSpringFestivalholiday?Iwill…I’mgoingto…

三.一般将来时(TheSimpleFutureTense)will/shall/begoingtodo

2.be+todo，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。Wearetohaveanexamthisweek.3.beabouttodo,表示马上做某事,不能与明确表示将来的时间状语连用.HeisabouttoleaveforBeijing.四.过去将来时(ThepastfuturesimpleTense)1.用法:

过去将来时表示立足于过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句中.2.结构:would/should+do...否定句:would/should+not+do...Theboypromisedhewouldworkhard.ItoldmyparentsIshouldreturnearly..2).其他形式．was(were)goingtowas(were)to+动词原形was(were)aboutto单句语法填空1.Thecurtainsareabouttoopen,andinafewminutestheactionanddialogue

(tell)youthestory.2.Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit__(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,cyclingorswimming.3.We

(hire)ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshakybutdidthejob.2.AlbertEinsteinwasbornin1879.Asachild,fewpeopleguessedthathe

(be)afamousscientistwhosetheories

wouldchangetheworld.willtellishiredwouldbeWhataretheydoingnow?Theyarehavingaclass.五.现在进行时(ThePresentContinuousTense)2.用法：1)表示现在(指说话时)正在发生的事情。WearehavingEnglishclassnow.1.结构:be(am,are,is)+doing...2)表示目前这段时间内正在进行的动作,但说话时动作未必正在进行。SheislearningpianounderMr.Smith.否定句:be(am,are,is)+not+doing...3)现在进行时用来表示按计划即将发生的动作,多用于表示移动的动词,如:come,go,start,arrive,leave,stay.I’mleavingtomorrow.Areyoustayingheretillnextweek?进行时态动原变现在分词的变化规则try---________see---________regret---________ban---________hate---__________wake---_________die---________lie---________tryingseeingregrettingbanninghatingwakingdyinglyingOnFebruary4,2022,the24thOlympicWinterGameswasopeninginBeijing.Whatwereyoudoingonthatday?六.过去进行时(ThePastContinuousTense)1.结构：was/were+doing...否定句：was/were+not+doing...2.用法:表示过去某时或某段时间正在进行的动作或状态。常用的时间状语:attenyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when…,while…七.将来进行时(ThefuturecontinuousTense)1.用法:

将来进行时表示将来某一时刻或某段时间里正在进行的动作,常与一些标志性的时间状语连用.2.结构:肯定：will/shall+be+doing否定：will/shall+not+bedoingDuringtheepidemic,theywillbestayingathomeforamonth.Don'tcallmenextThursdaymorning.Iwillbehavingclassesatthattime.单句语法填空1.She

(play)withthecellphonewhenherbosswalkedintotheoffice.2.NextFridayIwillgotoanotherconcert.They

(play)somethingbyMozartatthattime.3.—Hi,let’sgoskating.—Sorry,I’mbusyrightnow.I

(fill)inanapplicationformforanewjob.wasplayingwillbeplayingamfillingEnglish,boringorfunny?Q1:HowoldwereyouwhenyoufirststartedlearningEnglish?Q2:HowlonghaveyoulearntEnglish?A:WehavelearntEnglishformanyyearssincewewere6yearsold.八.现在完成时(ThepresentPerfectTense)1.结构:have(has)+过去分词否定句：have(has)+not+过去分词2.用法:1).现在完成时表示过去某一时间开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态,通常用于延续性动词.常与表示延续性的时间状语连用,如:sofar,uptonow,recently,inthepast6years,since…,for…等等．IhavelivedinZhuhaifor3years.2).表示发生在过去的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常用的时间状语有:just,already,yet,ever,never,once等等.Wehavefinishedourlunchalready.Haveyouevertriedthismethod?比较一般过去时与现在完成时1).一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态,不涉及对现在的影响；现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作或状态一直延续到现在,或强调过去的事情对现在的造成的影响。

MyfamilylivedinZhuhaitenyearsago.

（现在不在珠海了)

MyfamilyhavelivedinZhuhaifor10years.(目前还在珠海)

2).过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与不确定的或包括现在在内的时间状语连用，或无时间状语.IstudiedinZhongshanuniversityin2020.(2020年表示具体的过去时间）IhavestudiedinZhongshanUniversitysince2020.(since2020表示从2020年至今,包括现在在内)Ihavejustboughtanapartment.(just表示不确定的时间状语）注意：非延续性动词的否定形式可以与表示延续时间的状语连用。即动作不发生的状态是可以持续的。Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.（）Ihaven'treceivedhisletterforalmostamonth.（）✔✘比较since和forsince+时间点,用来说明动作起始时间for+时间段,用来说明动作延续时间长度。Ihavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.九.过去完成时

(ThepastperfectTense)结构:had+过去分词否定：had+not+过去分词

概念：表示在过去的某一时间以前已经完成的动作。----|--------------|---------|-----------|--->过去之前

过去现在将来Yougraduated(毕业)fromJuniorMiddleSchoolinJuly2009.Youhadstayedtherefor3yearswhenyougraduated.Whenthepolicearrived,thethieves_________(runaway).WhenIcameintotheclassroom,mydearstudents__________(begin)reading.hadrunawayhadbegun十.现在完成进行时(Thepresentperfectcontinuoustense)结构:have/has+been+现在分词

概念：常用来表示开始于过去的某一时间，一直延续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作或者表示到目前为止的一定时间里在反复进行的动作。eg.Theyhavebeendoingresearchinthisfieldforover20years.单句语法填空1.Beforegettingintothecar,IthoughtI

(learn)theinstructor’sorders,butonceIstartedthecar,mymindwentblank.Iforgotwhathe

(say)tomealtogether.2.Beingraisedinafamilyofteachers,I

(get)plentyofchancestoconnectmyselfwithliteraturesinceayoungage.3.I

(expect)togetthefirstprizeinthecontestbuttheresultmademedisappointed.4.—WhereisPeter?Ican’tfindhimanywhere.—Hewenttothelibraryafterbreakfastand

hasbeenwritinghisessaythereeversince.hadlearnthadsaidhavegothadexpectedJennyJenny__(be)aforeigngirl.She______(come)fromtheUnitedStates.Look,she_________(draw)picturesinthelivingroom.Twoyearsago,herparents______(move)toChina.Jenny________(nothave)anyfriends,soshe____(feel)lonely.Butnow,she____(have)manyChinesefriendsand______(study)withthemeveryday.Jenny________(visit)hergrandparentsintheUnitedSt