重庆市中学2024届高三年级下册二诊英语试题 含解析

英语试卷

注意事项：

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干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。

3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

注意，听力部分答题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前,你将有两分钟的时间将答案

转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读

一遍。

1.Whendidthewomanmovetothecity?

A.Aweekago.B.Oneyearago.C.Threeyearsago.

2.Wherearethespeakers?

A.Athome.B.Atabusstop.C.Attheairport.

3.Whatisthewoman?

A.Amanager.B.Areceptionist.C.Acustomer.

4.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?

A.Formanewteam.

B.Changeherattitude.

C.Encourageherpartners.

5.Howdoesthewomansound?

A.Eager.B.Confused.C.Nervous.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中

选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小

题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话,回答第6和第7两个小题。

6.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Movingintoanewhouse.

B.Goingoutforsightseeing.

C.Havinggueststhisweekend.

7.Whatwillthemandotomorrow?

A.Cleanhisgarden.

B.Haveabarbecue.

C.Dosomeshopping.

听下面一段对话,回答第8至第10三个小题。

8.Whatdoestheboyaskthewomantodo?

A.Checkhisreader'scard.

B.Helpfindsomethingtoread.

C.LookforhisstudentIDcard.

9.Onwhichfloorcantheboyfindmusicbooks?

A.The2ndone.B.The3rdone.C.The6thone.

10.Howlongcantheboykeepmagazinesandnewspapersatmost?

A.Forabouttwoweeks.

B.Forabouttwomonths.

C.Foraboutonemonth.

听下面一段对话,回答第11至第13三个小题。

11.Whatdoesthewatchlooklike?

AItsfaceisblack.B.Itsfaceissquare.C.Ithasaleatherwhiteband.

12.WhyisthewatchspecialtoHelen?

A.Ittellstherighttime.

B.Itisworthalotofmoney.

C.Itremindsherofhergrandfather.

13.WhatwillHelendowiththewatch?

A.Sellit.

B.Continuetokeepit.

C.Giveittoherfather.

听下面一段对话,回答第14至第16三个小题。

14.Howdoesthemanreacttohisdaughter'ssmoking?

A.Hedoesn'tknowwhattodo.

B.Hedoesn'tcareaboutitatall.

C.Hedoeshisbesttostophersmoking.

15.Whydoestheman'sdaughtersmoke?

A.Toachieveaslimfigure.

BTobecomeamodeloranactress.

C.Togetmoreattentionfromherparents.

16.Whatisthewoman'sopiniononteenagersSmoking?

A.Smokingadvertisementsshouldbebanned.

B.Disciplinerelatedtosmokingshouldbeestablished.

C.Teenagersshouldrefusetoseethemoviesaboutsmoking.

听下面一段独白,回答第17至第20四个小题。

17.Howmanypeoplediedinalandslidein2003?

A.Abouttwohundred.

B.Overonethousand.

C.Abouttwothousand.

18.Whatdoweknowabouttherecentlandslide?

A.Ithappenednearapool.

B.Itburiedseveralvillages.

C.Itscauseisstillunderdebate.

19.WhathasPhilippinesbannedforseveralyears?

A.Cuttingdowntrees.

B.Usinglandforfarming.

C.Commercialusesofforests.

20.Whatdoesthespeakeradvisetoprotectourenvironment?

A.Growingmoreforests.

B.Choppingdowntheoldforests.

C.Gettingbusyinprotectingourcountry.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

WhatisChina?Chinaisverydiverse.ItnotonlyhasskyscrapersinBeijing,Shanghai,Guangzhouand

Shenzhen,butalsohasvastruralfieldsandtheruralsociety.InSeptember2017,westartedasocialenterprise,

BeyondtheCity,whichconnectsurbanandruralareas：hopingtohelpurbanchildrenexpandtheirruralhorizons

andhelpruralchildrenlearnmoreaboutcareerpossibilities.

WecreatedtheRuralFiledStudyProjectandbrought1000childrenfrommorethan30citiestotheTibetan

areaofGanziplateau,theterracesoftheRedRiverinYunnan,aswellastheancienthuntingtribeofAoluguya.

Insteadoftravelingofteachingasvolunteers,welivedinthelocals'homesandtookcoursesinsocialresearch,

operaperformances,architecturaldesign,etc.

Also,weinitiatedtheCityCareerPlanningProjectandbroughtmorethan100ruralchildrenfromdeepwithin

themountainsofLiangshantoShanghaitostudycoursesaboutcareerplanninganddevelopment,soastohelpthem

tounderstandallwalksoflifeandgettoknowarealcitylife.Wetryourbesttohelpthemavoidthefateofdropping

outwhentheystillhavethechancetochoose.

Additionally,weestablishedtheCareerConnectionWorkshop,attemptingtobringqualityeducationandcareer

coursesinfirst-tiercitiestochildrenintownsandsmallcities,connectingtextbookknowledgewithfuturecareers

andofflineclasseswithonlineresources.Evolvingfromthisplatform,wearenowembarkingonthepathtolaunch

theDigitalSkillsExchangeWorkshopswithinthenexttwoyears.

BeyondtheCityiscommittedtobuildmutualtrustandconnectionbetweenurbanandruralareas,addressing

inequalitiesandlayingthefoundationsforamoreequalworld.

1.WhatdidthecitychildrendointheRuralFiledStudyProject?

A.Theylearnedhunting.B.TheytravelledinYunnan.

C.Theyvolunteeredtoteach.D.Theytookvariouscourses.

2.Whichofthefollowinghelpsaruralchildexplorearealurbanlife?

A.TheRuralFiledStudyProject.B.TheCityCareerPlanningProject.

C.TheCareerConnectionWorkshop.D.TheDigitalSkillsExchangeWorkshops.

3.WhatistheprimarygoalofBeyondtheCity?

A.Toobserveinequalitiesineducation.B.Toofferchildrenmorejobopportunities.

C.Toexposechildrentotheirlocalcultures.D.Tobridgethegapbetweencitiesandvillages.

【答案】l.D2.B3.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了“超越城市”这个项目的内容和主要的目标。

【1题详解】

细节理解他。根据第二段"Insteadoftravelingofteachingasvolunteers,welivedinthelocals'homesandtook

coursesinsocialresearch,operaperformances,architecturaldesign,etc."（我们没有去旅行，也没有去支

教，而是住在当地人家里，学习社会调查、歌剧表演、建筑设计等课程）可知，在农村实地考察项目

中，城市的孩子能够上各种各样的课程。故选D项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段“Also,weinitiatedtheCityCareerPlanningProjectandbroughtmorethan100rural

childrenfromdeepwithinthemountainsofLiangshantoShanghaitostudycoursesaboutcareerplanningand

development,soastohelpthemtounderstandallwalksoflifeandgettoknowarealcitylife."（我们还启动

了城市职业生涯规划项目，将100多名来自凉山深山的农村儿童带到上海，学习职业生涯规划与发展课

程。从而帮助他们了解各行各业，了解真正的城市生活。）可知，城市职业生涯规划帮助农村孩子探索真

实的城市生活。故选B项。

【3题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一■段“InSeptember2017,westartedasocialenterprise,BeyondtheCity,whichconnects

urbanandruralareas：hopingtohelpurbanchildrenexpandtheirruralhorizonsandhelpruralchildrenlearn

moreaboutcareerpossibilities."（2017年9月，我们创办了连接城乡的社会企业“超越城市”，希望帮

助城市孩子拓展农村视野，帮助农村孩子了解更多的职业可能性。）可知，根据最后一段“Beyondthe

Cityiscommittedtobuildmutualtrustandconnectionbetweenurbanandruralareas,addressinginequalitiesand

layingthefoundationsforamoreequalworld.（“超越城市”致力于在城市和农村地区之间建立相互信

任和联系，解决不平等问题，为更平等的世界奠定基础。）可知，“超越城市”的主要目标是弥合城乡之

间的差距。故选D项。

B

Whafsthetruthofjoy?IwasobsessedwiththisquestionwhenIwasyoung.However,eversinceIstarted

myownfamily,thisquesthasbeenburiedundermyworkloadsanddailychores.

In2008,MemorialDayweekendpromisedtodeliverbeautifulweather-notalwaysthecaseatthattimeof

year,soIdecidedtospendthatSaturdayshoppinganddoonebigcleaning,startingwiththegarage.Ourtwo-car

garage,asalways,wasfullofstuff.Boxespiledoneontopofanother,bikescrossedtogether.Agardenhose（软

水管）satinacorner.Wehadtoturnsidewayswhengettinginandout.Iplannedtopulleverythingoutonthe

driveway,hosedowntheentiregarage,andafteritwasdry,puteverythingbackmoreorganized.

Withthemorningmovingalong,thepossibilitytofinishthecleaningwithinthedaybegantolooklessand

lesslikely.IrecalledhowIhadbeenfeelingdiscontentedlatelywhiletakingcareofourstuff.Herewasyet

anothertime!ThenmyneighborJune,whowasworkinginheryard,heardmysighandsaidjokingly,“Thejoy

ofhomeownership,huh?ThafswhymydaughterkeepstellingmeIdon'tneedtoownallthisstuff.”

Idon'tneedtoownallthisstuff.

AsIturnedtolookatthefruitsofmymorninglabor,Ibegantorecognizethesourceofmyfeelingsforthe

firsttime.Itwaspiledupinmydriveway.AsIsurveyedthepileImade,theanswertotheobsolete（被遗忘的）

questioncametolight:Thereismorejoytobefoundinpossessinglessthanwecaneverfindpossessingmore.

Iraninsidethehouseandfoundmywifeupstairscleaningthebathtub.Stilltryingtocatchmybreath,tlsaid,

“Kim,you'llneverguesswhatjusthappened.Junesaidwedon'tneedtoownallthisstuff!”

Andinthatmoment,aminimalistfamilywasbom.

4.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheto-be-cleanedgarage?

A.Spaciousandwell-lit.B.Neatlylabeledandsorted.

C.Disorderedandjam-packed.D.Narrowandweather-beaten.

5.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthor'srecentexperiencewithstuffcleaning?

A.Hewentthroughunaccountablefrustration.B.Hefiguredouthisdisinterestincleaning.

C.Heinitiateditandenjoyedtheprocess.D.Helostpatienceandrushedtotheend.

6.WhatdidJuneimplybysaying“Thejoyofhomeownership,huh”?

A.Thepleasureofpossessingahome.B.Thesignificanceofowningafamily.

C.Theconvenienceofhavingagarage.D.Thedemandsofmaintainingahouse.

7.Whydidtheauthorstartaminimalistfamily?

A.Hefavoredlivingwithahandfulofpeople.B.Hewantedtoquitbeingaslaveofstuff.

CHeconsideredcleaningawasteoftime.D.Hefiguredoutthejoyofownership.

【答案】4.C5.A6.D7.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者清理车库付出了很多努力，从中意识到拥有更少的东西

比拥有更多的东西更快乐，于是决定做一个极简主义家庭。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“Ourtwo-cargarage,asalways,wasfullofstuff.Boxespiledoneontopofanother,

bikescrossedtogether.Agardenhose（软水管）satinacorner.Wehadtoturnsidewayswhengettinginandout.I

plannedtopulleverythingoutonthedriveway,hosedowntheentiregarage,andafteritwasdry,puteverything

backmoreorganized.（我们的车库只有两辆车，和往常一样，堆满了东西。箱子一个叠一个，自行车交叉

在一起。一根花园水管放在角落里。进出的时候我们不得不侧着身子走。我打算把车道上的所有东西都

拿出来，用水管冲洗整个车库，等车库干了，再把所有东西放回去）”可推知，待清洁的车库混乱和拥

挤。故选C。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“Withthemorningmovingalong,thepossibilitytofinishthecleaningwithintheday

begantolooklessandlesslikely.IrecalledhowIhadbeenfeelingdiscontentedlatelywhiletakingcareofour

stuff.（随着时间的推移，在一天内完成清洁工作的可能性越来越小了。我回忆起最近在处理我们的东西

时，我是如何感到不满的）”可推知，作者最近清理物品经历了难以解释的挫折。故选A。

[6题详解】

推理判断题。根据划线词后文"That'swhymydaughterkeepstellingmeIdon'tneedtoownallthisstuff.（这

就是为什么我女儿一直告诉我，我不需要拥有所有这些东西）”以及上文作者为了清理车库，维护房子付

出了很大努力，可推知，琼说“拥有房子的快乐”意思是维护房子的需求。故选D。

[7题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第三段"AsIsurveyedthepileImade,theanswertotheobsolete（被遗忘的）question

cametolight:Thereismorejoytobefoundinpossessinglessthanwecaneverfindpossessingmore.（当我审视

自己堆成的那堆东西时，那个过时的问题的答案浮现了出来：拥有更少的东西比拥有更多的东西更快

乐）”可推知，作者建立一个极简主义家庭是因为不想再做物质的奴隶了。故选B。

C

In1835,WilliamTalbotfinallysucceededinproducingaphotographofhiscountryhouse.Hedeclaredthat

hiswasthefirsthouseeverknowntohavedrawnitsownpicture.Thedrawingwasformed“bytheactionoflight

uponsensitivepaper.Photographyofferednaturea"pencil”topaintherselfthroughoptical（光学的）and

chemicalmeansalone.

Bythemid-nineteenthcentury,peoplenolongerneededtohireadraftsmantodrawdetailedimagesbecause

theprocesscouldbecompletedinstantlywithacamera.Advocatesforthetechnologystatedthatnotonlywasit

moreprecisethanthehumanhand-itwasfasterandcheaper.

Theremovalofhumanfallibilityinthecreatingprocesswasoneofphotography'sbiggestsellingpoints,but

thisalsostarteddebatesaboutthenewmedium'simplicationsforvisualculture.Couldimagesmadelargelybya

machinebeconsideredart?Ifso,wheredidhumancreativityfitinthisprocess?

Asthetwenty-firstcenturybecomesincreasinglyautomated（自动化的），moreandmorepeopleattemptto

identifywherehumanagencyexistsinthetechnologicallydrivenworld.Imagesgeneratedwithartificial

intelligencebycompanieslikeOpenAIarestimulatingquestionslikethosethatemergedwiththecomingofthe

photograph.Bytypingasentence,userscangeneratetcnew^^imagescomposedfromimagescollectedacrossthe

internet.TheresulthasbeenafloodofAi-generatedimagesinplacesthatarepreviouslyuniquetohumanauthors.

Paintingcompetitions,commercialgraphicdesignandthefashionofportraiture（肖像）haveallsincecollided

withthetechnologyintroublingways.

Thefineartswerethoughttobeafinalhold-outofhumancreativity,butthesurprisinglyhighqualityofAI-

generatedimagesisproducingdeeperquestionsaboutthenatureoforiginality.Ifthehistoryofphotographytells

usanything,ifsthatthedebatewon'tbesettledquickly,straightforwardlyorbytheinstitutionswetypically

associatewithculturalgatekeeping.

8.WhydidTalbotdeclarethathishousehaddrawnitsownpicture?

A.Todownplayhumanfactorsinthecreation.B.Toinvestigateasupernaturalphenomenon.

C.Toshowhisadvancedknowledgeinscience.D.Todemonstratethebeautyofhiscountryhouse.

9.Whatdoestheword"it"underlinedinparagraph2referto?

A.ThephotoofTalbofshouse.B.Theimagebyadraftsman.

C.Thetechnologyofacamera.D.Thepapersensitivetolight.

10.WhatdoOpenAIandcamerashaveincommon?

A.Theyimprovethetasteofbeauty.B.Theyadvocatefashiondesigns.

C.Theychallengehumanagency.D.Theyproduceoriginalimages.

11.Whatdidtheauthorindicatebyreferringtothehistoryofphotography?

A.Culturalgatekeeperswillsolvetheissueastheydid.

B.Ai-generatedimageswillgothroughasimilardebate.

C.Thenatureoforiginalitywillbeheldinhumanhands.

D.ThefineartswillincludephotographyandAIimages.

【答案】8.A9.C10.C11.B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能可以代替人类进行作画，其出现引起了人们的讨论

类似于当初摄影的出现。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段"Hedeclaredthathiswasthefirsthouseeverknowntohavedrawnitsownpicture.

Thedrawingwasformed“bytheactionoflightuponsensitivepaper.Photographyofferednaturea"pencil”to

paintherselfthroughoptical（光学的）andchemicalmeansalone.（他宣称他的房子是已知的第一个自己画房子

的房子。这幅画是“光在感光纸上的作用”形成的。摄影为大自然提供了一支“铅笔”，仅通过光学和

化学手段为自己作画）”可知，塔尔博特宣称他的房子画了自己的画是为了淡化创作中的人为因素。故选

Ao

【9题详解】

词句猜测题。本艮据第二段“Bythemid-nineteenthcentury,peoplenolongerneededtohireadraftsmantodraw

detailedimagesbecausetheprocesscouldbecompletedinstantlywithacamera.（至Ij19世纪中期，人们不再需

要聘请绘图员来绘制详细的图像，因为这个过程可以用相机立即完成）”以及划线词后文“moreprecise

thanthehumanhand-itwasfasterandcheaper可知,照相机的技术不仅比人手更精确，而且更快、更便

宜。故划线词指的是“照相机的技术”，故选C。

【10题详解】

细节理角窣题o本艮据倒数第二段“Asthetwenty-firstcenturybecomesincreasinglyautomated（自动化的）,more

andmorepeopleattempttoidentifywherehumanagencyexistsinthetechnologicallydrivenworld.Images

generatedwithartificialintelligencebycompanieslikeOpenAIarestimulatingquestionslikethosethatemerged

withthecomingofthephotography随着二^世纪变得越来越自动化，越来越多的人试图确定人类在技术

驱动的世界中的作用。OpenAI等公司用人工智能生成的图像引发了一些问题，就像照片出现时出现的那

些问题一样）”可知，OpenAI和相机的共同之处在于都挑战了人类的作用。故选C。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Ifthehistoryofphotographytellsusanything,ifsthatthedebatewon'tbesettled

quickly,straightforwardlyorbytheinstitutionswetypicallyassociatewithculturalgatekeeping.（如果说摄影的

历史告诉了我们什么，那就是这场争论不会很快、直截了当地得到解决，也不会由我们通常与文化把关

联系在一起的机构来解决）”可推知，作者提到摄影的历史是想说明人工智能生成的图像将经历类似的辩

论。故选B。

D

Inordertomeetgrowingfoodproductionandenergyneedsinlow-andmiddle-incomecountries,solar-

poweredgroundwaterirrigation（灌溉）israpidlygainingground.Morethan500,000solarpumps（泵）havebeen

setupinsouthAsiaoverthelastfewyearsandamajorexpansionisplannedacrosssub-SaharanAfrica.

DustinGarrick,professorintheSchoolofEnvironment,ResourcesandSustainability,alongwithan

internationalteam,examinedthetrendtowardsolarpumpsasaclearopportunityforboostingagriculturalyields

andreducingpoverty,buttheopportunitycomeswithrisks.

Whilereplacingelectricorgaspumpswithsolar-poweredirrigationholdsthepromiseofreducingcarbon

emissions（排放），itisnotguaranteed.Farmerswhohaveaccesstothesepumpsmayexpandproductionofcrops

ordiversifyintootheractivities,whicharenotemissionsneutral.Solarpumpswillincreasegroundwaterpumping

efficiency,whichmaybedesirableinregionsthatsupportsuchincreases,butthiscouldworsengroundwater

lesseninginregionsthatarealreadystressed.Thecheapcleanenergyofsolarpumpsmayleadtoincreased

groundwaterdevelopment,withoutnecessarilydecreasingoverallemissions.

Despitethesechallenges,theclean-energyboostcanserveasastimulusforpositivechangeinwaterand

energymanagementbutwillrequireenhancedregulationandplanninginbothlow-andhigh-incomesettings.

Garrickandhisteamadvocateforimproveddatacollectioninitiatives,withashiftfromseparatedtointegrated

approaches.Theysuggestusingtechnologytomeasurewaterpumpingandcollectingremotelysenseddatato

monitorlandusechanges.Aswell,regulatoryimprovementsarecrucial,withmountinglimitsforcarbon

emissionsandgroundwaterlesseningestablishedatvariouslevels.

Withgroundwatermanagementalreadyadifficultchallenge,wemustactfasttounderstandtheimplications

ofthecleanenergyboostandpovertyreductionactstoavoidthesegainsbeingwonawaybywellsrunningdry.

Therapidadoptionofsolarirrigationintensifiestheurgency,demandingadaptationfromgovernmentsand

institutionstosailthroughthesecomplexities.

12.Accordingtoparagraph3,thereisaconflictbetween.

A.poorfarmersandsolar-poweredirrigationB.humanconsumptionandcleanenergylimits

C.cropdiversityandcropproductionexpansionD.pumpingefficiencyandgroundwaterexhaustion

13.WhatdidGarrickandhisteamsuggestforapositivechange?

A.Integratingdatacollectionandregulation.B.Improvingcarbonemissionmonitoring.

C.Separatingdataforlandusechanges.D.Establishinggroundwaterlevels.

14.Whatdoestheauthorproposethereadersdo?

A.Performastheauthoritiessuggest.B.Actbasedonfurtherunderstanding.

C.Quickentheadoptionofsolarirrigation.D.Challengethegroundwatermanagement.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.TheComplexitiesofAdoptingSolarPumps

B.Solar-PoweredIrrigation:Farmers5NewFuture

C.ThePromiseandRisksofSolar-PoweredIrrigation

D.BalancingCleanEnergyBoostandPovertyReduction

【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了太阳能灌溉正在普及，以及其中存在的机会和风险。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段aSolarpumpswillincreasegroundwaterpumpingefficiency,whichmaybedesirable

inregionsthatsupportsuchincreases,butthiscouldworsengroundwaterlesseninginregionsthatarealready

stressed.（太阳能水泵将提高地下水的抽水效率，这在支持这种增加的地区可能是可取的，但这可能会使已

经受到压力的地区的地下水减少情况恶化）”可知，抽水效率与地下水枯竭之间存在冲突。故选D。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Garrickandhisteamadvocateforimproveddatacollectioninitiatives,witha

shiftfromseparatedtointegratedapproaches.Theysuggestusingtechnologytomeasurewaterpumpingand

collectingremotelysenseddatatomonitorlandusechanges.Aswell,regulatoryimprovementsarecrucial,with

mountinglimitsforcarbonemissionsandgroundwaterlesseningestablishedatvariouslevels.（Garrick和他的团

队提倡改进数据收集计划，从分离的方法转变为集成的方法。他们建议使用技术来测量抽水和收集遥感

数据来监测土地利用的变化。此外，监管方面的改进也至关重要，对碳排放的限制越来越多，在各个层

面上都建立了地下水减少的限制）”可知，Garrick和他的团队建议整合数据收集和监管。故选A。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"Withgroundwatermanagementalreadyadifficultchallenge,wemustactfast

tounderstandtheimplicationsofthecleanenergyboostandpovertyreductionactstoavoidthesegainsbeingwon

awaybywellsrunningdry.（由于地下水管理已经是一项艰巨的挑战，我们必须迅速采取行动，了解促进清

洁能源和减少贫困法案的影响，以避免这些成果因水井干涸而失去）”可知，作者建议读者在进一步了解

的基础上采取行动。故选B。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一■段“Inordertomeetgrowingfoodproductionandenergyneedsinlow-andmiddle­

incomecountries,solar-poweredgroundwaterirrigation（灌溉）israpidlygainingground.（为了满足低收入和中

等收入国家不断增长的粮食生产和能源需求，太阳能地下水灌溉正在迅速普及）”结合文章主要说明了太

阳能灌溉正在普及，提到了其中存在的机会和风险。可知，C选项“太阳能灌溉的前景和风险”最符合文

章标题。故选C。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

Self-disciplinecanbedifficulttodevelop,butitisworththeeffort.Itmakeslifeeasierandmoreenjoyableby

helpingyouachieveyourgoalsandmanagestress.Forenhancedself-discipline,trythesetips.

Practicedelayedsatisfaction.Delayedsatisfactionistheabilitytochoosetodosomethingthatwillbenefityou

inthelongterm,evenifitmeansgivingupsomethingmoreimmediate.Thisisagreatwaytoimproveyourself­

discipline.16.

Focusononethingatatime.Whenyouhavemultiplethingsonyourplate,itcanbehardtostayfocused.To

buildupself-discipline,youmustresisttheurgetodoeverythingatonce.17.Thiswillhelpyoustayon

trackandcompleteyourtaskswithoutfeelingoverpressured.

Repetitionandconsistencyarekey.18Themoreyouuseit,themoreeffectiveitbecomes.Whenyou

aretryingtodevelopself-disciplineinoneareaofyourlife,startslowlyandgraduallyincreaseyoureffortsover

time.

Celebrateyoursuccesses.Everytimeyouachieveagoalormakeachange,celebratethefactthatyouhave

madeprogress.19.sodon'tbetoohardonyourselfwhenitfeelslikenothingishappening.Rewarding

yourselfforevensmallachievementscanhelpyoufeelgoodaboutyourselfandencourageyoutokeepgoing.

Surroundyourselfwithsupportivepeople.Ifseasiertodevelopself-disciplineifyouarearoundpeoplewho

believeinyourabilitytosucceed.Beingaroundnegativepeoplecanpreventyoufromseeingthevalueofdiscipline

andthepossibilityofsuccess.20,whichwillencourageandmotivateyoutokeeppushingthroughtough

times.

A.Self-disciplineislikeamuscle

B.Itcanteachyoutofocusonthebiggerpicture

C.Thesecrettomasteryisthewillingnesstoinnovate

D.Whenyousetagoalthatistoohigh,itcanbedifficulttosticktoit

E.Thatiswhyit'scrucialtoputyourselfinagrowth-mindedenvironment

F.Instead,prioritizeyourtasksandhandlethembasedontheirimportance

G.Rememberthatself-disciplineisnotsomethingthatcomesnaturallytoeveryone

【答案】16.B17.F18.A19.G20.E

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何提高自律能力，提出一些建议。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Delayedsatisfactionistheabilitytochoosetodosomethingthatwillbenefityouinthelongterm,

evenifitmeansgivingupsomethingmoreimmediate.Thisisagreatwaytoimproveyourself-discipline.（延迟满

足感是一种选择做一些对你长期有益的事情的能力，即使这意味着要放弃一些更直接的事情。这是提高

自律的好方法。）”可知，上文提到了延迟满足的好处，空处承接上文，进一步对其好处进行解释说明，

B项中的"it"指代上文的“delayedsatisfaction??。B项：Itcanteachyoutofocusonthebiggerpicture.（它

可以教会你关注大局。）符合语境。故选B。

【17题详解】

根据上文“Whenyouhavemultiplethingsonyourplate,itcanbehardtostayfocused.Tobuildupself­

discipline,youmustresisttheurgetodoeverythingatonce.（当你有很多事情要做的时候，你很难保持专注。

为了建立自律，你必须抵制一次做所有事情的冲动。）"和下文"Thiswillhelpyoustayontrackand

completeyourtaskswithoutfeelingoverpressured.（这将帮助你保持正轨，完成任务而不会感到压力过

大。）”可知，空处和上文形成转折关系，说明不要一次做所有的事情，而是应该将任务按照轻重缓急排

歹U。F项：Instead,prioritizeyourtasksandhandlethembasedontheirimportance4相反，把你的任务按轻重

缓急排列。）符合语境。故选F。

【18题详解】

根据下文“Themoreyouuseit,themoreeffectiveitbecomes.（你用得越多，它就变得越有效。）“可知，空

处说明自律就像肌肉一样，用的越多，越有效。下文中的“it”指代A项中的“muscle”。A项：Self­

disciplineislikeamuscle.（自律就像肌肉一样。）符合语境。故选A。

19题详解】

根据下文“sodon'tbetoohardonyourselfwhenitfeelslikenothingishappening.（所以，当你觉得什么者B没

有发生的时候，不要对自己太苛刻。）”可知，空处和上文形成因果关系，并且上文说明不要对自己太苛

亥！1的原因。G项：Rememberthatself-disciplineisnotsomethingthatcomesnaturallytoeveryone.（记住,自律

不是每个人都能自然而然地具备的。）符合语境。故选G。

【20题详解】

根据上文"It'seasiertodevelopself-disciplineifyouarearoundpeoplewhobelieveinyourabilitytosucceed.

Beingaroundnegativepeoplecanpreventyoufromseeingthevalueofdisciplineandthepossibilityof

success.（如果你周围的人都相信你有能力取得成功，你就更容易养成自律的习惯。和消极的人在一起会让

你看不到自律的价值和成功的可能性。）”可知，上文提到了环境对于养成自律习惯的重要性。E项：

Thatiswhyit'scrucialtoputyourselfinagrowth-mindedenvironment.（这就是为什么把自己放在——个成长的

环境中是至关重要的。）符合语境。故选E。

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Asmysonenteredadolescence,wespentmostofourtimeinseparaterooms.Iknowit's21for

teenagerstoshutthemselvesaway,butsometimesIfindmyselftryingtothinkupwaysto22himoutofhis

bedroom.

23bythisdesire,Ib