2024年广东省英语中考总复习被动语态讲义

被动语态

知识点考查题型具体考查内容

一般现在时的被动语态//

(2023)33.invited,areinvited,wereinvited

一般过去时的被动语态语法选择(2022)37.ask,asked,wereasked

(2021)39.areinviting,areinvited,wereinvited,wereinviting

一般将来时的被动语态//

含情态动词的被动语态//

—概念:主语是动作的承受者；动作的执行者一般由by引出，by意为“被，由”,

有时亦可省略

被动语态-----般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+过去分词

--------------般过去时的被动语态：was/were+过去分词

―L构叫------般将来时的被动语态：will/shall/begoingto+be+过去分词

——含情态动词的被动语态（了解）：情态动词+be+过去分词

基础练习

被动语态的构成与基本用法

被动语态由“be动词+过去分词”构成，其中be动词有时态、人称和数的变化。

用法例句

不清楚动作的执行者是谁Thewindowintheclassroomwasbrokenyesterday.

没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁Thesebooksarewrittenespeciallyforchildren.

强调或突出动作的承受者Johnisaskedtomakeaspeechbyhisteacher.

※拓展

1.有些及物动词或动词短语不能用于被动语态：last,have,own,belongto...

2.不及物动词或动词短语没有被动语态：happen,takeplace,appear...

3.系动词主动形式表被动含义：look,feel,sound,smell,taste...如：Thedishtastesgood.

4.有些动词的主动形式亦可表被动含义：sell,write,act,drive...如：Thiskindofskirtsellswell.

5.在主动语态中不带“to”的动词不定式，在被动语态中要加“to”o常见的有感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice等以及使役动词let,make,have。

如：TheteachermadeTomcleanthefloor.（变为被动语态）-*Tomwasmadetocleanthefloor.

一般现在时的被动语态

肯定式am/is/are+过去分词Thewindowiscleanedonceaweek.

否定式am/is/are+not+过去分词Thewindowisnotcleanedonceaweek.

疑问式将am/is/are提前+过去分词Isthewindowcleanedonceaweek?

()1.(2023)可目匕)Breakfasteverydayforpeopleagedover60forfreeinthisvillage.

A.providesB.provided

C.isprovidedD.wasprovided

（）2.（2023才勿州）Sandturnstoglasswhenitbylightning.

A.hitsB.ishit

C.ishittingD.willbehit

（）3.（2023成者R）AgreatnumberofbeautifulflowersonthesecondringroadinChengduthesedays.

A.plantB.areplantedC.areplanting

一般过去时的被动语态

肯定式was/were+过去分词Thewindowwascleanedonceaweeklastterm.

否定式was/were+not+过去分词Thewindowwasnotcleanedonceaweeklastterm.

疑问式将was/were提前+过去分词Wasthewindowcleanedonceaweeklastterm?

）4.（2023怀化）Thecakebythehungrystudentsquicklyyesterday.

A.eatsB.iseatenC.waseaten

）5.（2023岳阳）ThepandaYaYabacktoChinaonApril27th,2023.

A.isbroughtB.wasbroughtC.willbebrought

）6.（2023安徽）Computershavehadagreatinfluenceonlearningmethodssincetheyintoschools.

A.introduceB.introduced

C.areintroducedD.wereintroduced

一般将来时的被动语态

肯定式will/shall/begoingto+be+过去分词Thewindowwillbecleanedonceaweeknextterm.

否定式will/shallnot/benotgoingto+be+过去分词Thewindowwillnotbecleanedonceaweeknextterm.

将will/shall提前+be+过去分词/将be提前+goingto+be+过去

疑问式Willthewindowbecleanedonceaweeknextterm?

分词

）7.（2023连云港）Tomaketheenvironmentmuchbetter,moretreesnextyear.

A.plantB.willplant

C.areplantedD.willbeplanted

（）8.（2023天津）Somephotosofthemoon________intheSpaceClubnextweek.

A.showsB.isshowing

C.wereshownD.willbeshown

含情态动词的被动语态

肯定式情态动词+be+过去分词Thewindowcanbecleanedonceaweek.

否定式情态动词+not+be+过去分词Thewindowcannotbecleanedonceaweek.

疑问式将情态动词提前+be+过去分词Canthewindowbecleanedonceaweek?

）9.（2023新疆）Hanfuloverswalkingdownthestreetinmanycities.

一Well,wearinghanfuhelpstounderstandtheChineseculture.

A.canbefoundB.canfind

C.mustbefoundD.mustfind

提升练习

被动语态在语法选择中的运用

（2023广东）|Heandhisparents133toaFamilySpaceCamp.Theyhadatasteofwhatitwasliketotravel...

33.A.invitedB.areinvitedC.wereinvited

★Stepl判断主语与谓语之间的关系是主动还是被动。

【思路点拨】分析句子结构可知，句子的主语是“Heandhisparents”，谓语动词是“invited”，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，表示“被邀请”，应用

被动语态（bedone）。故排除A选项。

★Step2判断被动语态的时态和数的变化（遵循主谓一致的原则）。

【思路点拨】根据语境及下文中的动词“had”可知，此处应用一般过去时，再结合Step1可知，此处应为一般过去时的被动语态，be动词用were,

排除B选项。故选C。

课后练习

一'单项填空

（）1.（2023徐州）TheMonkeyKingisatraditionalChinesecharacter.Itbypeopleofallages.

A.islovedB.wasloved

C.willloveD.isloving

（）2.（2023江西）HouYimagicmedicineforshootingdowntheninesuns,butthenPangMengtriedtostealit.

A.givesB.hasgiven

C.gaveD.wasgiven

（）3.（2023盘锦）Itisreportedthat6Gtechnologywidelyinashorttime.

A.uesdB.willuse

C.isusedD.willbeused

（）4.（2023重庆二模）一WhereisJane?Ididn'tseeheranywhere.

一ShetoHelen，sbirthdayparty.ButI'mnotsure.

A.mayinviteB.isinvited

C.maybeinvitedD.mustbeinvited

（）5.（2023厦门二模）一AcoffeeculturalfestivalonMay18inXiamen.Didyouattendit?

一Certainly.Ourshopevensharedhowtomakesoapswithcoffeewaste.

A.heldB.washeldC.washolding

二、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空

1.（2023包头三模改编）Asweknow,about70percentoftheearth，ssurface（cover）withwater.

2.（2023南京二模）Therewerefewtreesbefore,andwe（hit）bysandstormsseriouslyinspring.

3.（2023才勿州二模）TolearnEnglishwell,studentsshouldbe（encourage）tospeakasmuchaspossible.

4.（2023无锡三模）Don'tworryaboutyourson.He（remind）totakethemedicineafterhewakesup.

5.Anelderlycoupleandachild（notice）toenterthebuildingjustnow.

三、小语篇特训（核心素养：文化意识）

PanYunfengisabambooweaver（编织者）inHangzhou,ZhejiangProvince.Hehasbeenknowntopeoplesincehisshortvideosofmakingobjectsoutof

bamboo.Thesevideos]ontheInternetnow.Inthemostpopularvideo,Panmadeapotbrushoutofbamboo.

)1.A.areseenB.sawC.wereseen

Pan2tobeabambooweaverinhisteenageyears.Hefoundthehandworkwaslesspopularwhenhewasreadytowork.Bambooobjectscan_3

bymachines.Havingdifficultyinmakingalivingwithhisskills,Panlefthisvillageandbecameaworkerinthe1990s.

()2.A.trainsB.wastrainedC.istrained

()3.A.makeB.bemadeC.made

In2019,hedecidedtolearnhowtomakevideosandsellbambooproductsonline.Unexpectedly,hisvideos4acrosstheworld.Moreandmorepeople

fellinlovewiththistraditionalart.Pan5tomakenewobjectsoutofbambooaswell.

Panishopefulaboutthetraditionalbambooweavingart.Hehopestherewillbemorepeopleloving,learningandpassingdownit.

()4.A.spread

B.arespread

C.werespread

()5.A.wasencouraged

B.willbeencouraged

C.encourages

四、语法选择

(2023陕西改编)DearHelenKeller,

MynameisAmeliaGrant.Ilive]asmallcity.There,myfatherhasanoilfactory.Attheageofeight,somethingterriblehappenedwhileIwas

playingnearanoilwell.Itmademelosemostofmyhearing.

()1.A.inB.onC.at

Alot2formesincethen.Foronething,Icannothearmusiclikebefore.Iusedtolovelisteningtomymothersingsongs.WhenIfirstlostmyhearing,

IwassadthatIcouldneveragainhearmymothersing.ButnowIputmyeartoherchest3thevibrations(震动)ofhervoice.Now,Ifeelmusicinsteadof

hearingit.

()2.A.changedB.willchangeC.haschanged

()3.A.feelB.tofeelC.feeling

Also,Ihavetogoto4differentschoolinanothercity-TexasSchoolfortheDeaf.Itisover3005awayfrommyhometown.Theteachers

therearekind,6Icanonlyseemyparentsduringholidays.Imissthemverymuch.

During7lastwinterholiday,mydaddygavemeabookyouwrote,TheStoryofMyLife.Fromit,Ilearnedalotab