2024年高考英语练习试题及答案（四）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

Whatisbodysurfing?

Bodysurfingisrelatedtoridingonawavewithnohelpfromaidtoolssuchas

asurfboard.That,swhyitiscalledthe“purest“formofsurfing.Infact,itis

oneofveryfewextremesports一freeclimbingandcliffdivingare.others一thatcan

bepracticedusingnothingbutthehumanbody.

Howdoyoudoit?

Tocatchawave,swimtowherethewavesbreakand,asoneapproaches,startswimming

towardsthebeach.Youmusttrytotravelatthesamespeedasthewaveand,ifyou

doitcorrectly,youwillfeelthewaveliftingyouandpushingyouforwards.Then

tryandcutalongthesurfaceofthewave.

Whatdoyouneed?

Itismoreenjoyableandsaferifyouuseflippers(largeflatrubbershoes).This

isbecausetheyenableyoutoswimfasterandsurfalongthemmoreeasily.Awetsuit

isalsoadvisable.Anotheraidisahandboard,amini-surfboardaboutthesizeof

aniron,heldinonehandtospeedupalongthewave.Ifyouareluckyenoughtobe

surfinginwarmwater,makesureyouhaveyourboardshortsattheready.

Unofficialworldchampionship

Bodysurfingisnotaprofessionalsport,butinHawaiithereissuchafestival

calledthePipelineBodysurfingClassiceachyear.Localbodysurferscompeteagainst

athletesfromplacessuchasAustralia,Brazil,JapanorFrance.Famousbodyboarder

MikeStewarthaswontheeventnofewerthan12times,andKellySlater,thegreatest

surferinhistory,hasalsocompeted.

1.Howdoesabodysurfersurfwhileinthesea?

A.Onlyusingthehumanbody.B.Onlyrelyingonasurfboard.

C.Onlyfollowingawave.D.Onlyswimmingalongthebeach

2.Whichcanmakeyousurffaster?

A.Flippersandawetsuit.B.Awetsuitandahandboard.

C.Ahandboardandboardshorts.D.AhandboardandFlippers.

3.WhatcanweknowaboutthePipelineBodysurfingClassic?

A.Itisforlocalbodysurfers.B.ItisheldannuallyinHawaii.

C.Allfamousbodysurfersfavorit.D.MikeStewartattendsiteveryyear.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项非专业的运动一一人体冲浪。

1.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段Bodysurfingisrelatedtoridingonawave

withnohelpfromaidtoolssuchasasurfboard.和thatcanbepracticedusing

nothingbutthehumanbody.可知，人体冲浪是在没有冲浪板等辅助工具帮助的情况

下在海浪上冲浪。故选A。

2.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第三段Itismoreenjoyableandsaferifyouuseflippers

(largeflatrubbershoes).如果你使用脚噗会更舒适、更安全，和Anotheraidis

ahandboard,amini-surfboardaboutthesizeofaniron,heldinonehandto

speedupalongthewave.一只手拿着冲浪板可以加速冲浪。故选D。

3.B【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段Bodysurfingisnotaprofessionalsport,but

inHawaiithereissuchafestivalcalledthePipelineBodysurfingClassiceach

year.在夏威夷每年都会有一个名为管道人体冲浪经典的节日。故选B。

B

PromiseSawyers,a1O-year-oldgirlinNashville,Tenn.,isinspiringpeopleold

andyoungaftermakingavideobeforegoingtoschool“biggerandbetter”with

hernaturalhair,justonedayaftershewasmadefunofforherafro.

PromiseSawyers,motivationalvideowaspostedonlinebyhermomQuiDaugherty,

afterthe5th-gradersecretlyrecordeditonDaugherty'sphone.Init,Sawyers

explainedthatshewasfeeling“sometypeofway“afterherclassmateshadmean

thingstosayaftersheworehernaturalhairthedaybefore.Butshewasdetermined

nottoletitbringherdown,andworeitthesamewaythefollowingday."Don't

allowanyonetostealyourjoy,“Promisesaid."Don'tgivethemthatmuchpower.”

DaughertysaysthatPromisehasbeensurroundedbythattypeofpositivityher

wholelife.She'salwaystaughtherdaughterto“meetanegativewithapositive”,

evenwhensomebodyistryingtobringherdown.Andalthoughthisexampleseemslike

oneofthemoredisheartening(令人气馁的)onesthatPromisehasfacedafterstarting

atanewschool,hervideoprovedthatshetookhermom'sadvicetoheart.

Now,nearly2millionviewslater,peopleeverywherearerespondingtothevideo.

“Wehadnoideatheimpactthatitwasgoingtomakeandtheamountofmessages,“

Daughertysaid."It'smadeahugeimpactbehindthescenesthathasblessedme

personally.”

DaughertyjokesthatPromisedoesn'tunderstandhowinfluentialherwordsare.

Instead,the10-year-oldisjustexcitedaboutthemillionsofviews.

“Ijusttellhernottofocusonthenumbers,??Daughertysays."Let'sfind

awaywecanbeimpactfulbehindthisandmakeaninfluenceandinspirepeople.That,s

allwewant.”

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"afro”inParagraph1referto?

A.Ahairstyle.

B.Adisability.

C.Anattitude.

D.Avideo.

5.WhatdidPromisedecidetodoafterbeingteasedbyherclassmates?

A.Seeksomeadvicefromhermother.

B.Makeherselflookbiggerandbetter.

C.Recordhersadnessonvideosilently.

D.Keepwearingthesamehairtoschool.

6.WhatwillDaughertyadvisePromisetodowhenthere,ssomethingdisheartening?

A.Switchtoanewstart.

B.Lookonthebrightside.

C.Makenecessarychanges.

D.Shareherjoywithothers.

7.HowdidDaughertyfeelaboutpeople'sresponsetothevideo?

A.Embarrassed.B.Worried.

C.Confused.D.Surprised.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。10岁的小女孩PromiseSawyers天生拥有蓬松发型，

这使她在学校里遭到了同学的取笑。Promise并没有因此而闷闷不乐，而是用阳光的心态应

对一切，坚守自己的快乐。她的视频激励了很多人。

4.A【解析】词义猜测题。联系画线词所在句中的“withhernaturalhair"和第二段第二

句“Init,Sawyersexplainedthatshewasfeeling'sometypeofway'after

herclassmateshadmeanthingstosayaftersheworehernaturalhairtheday

before.”可知，同学们嘲笑的是她的头发。由此可推知，afro指的是一种发型。故选

Ao

5.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句uButshewasdeterminednottoletitbring

herdown,andworeitthesamewaythefollowingday.“可知，Promise被同学

们嘲笑后，决定第二天仍然保持着同样的发型去上学。故选D。

6.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段第二句"She'salwaystaughtherdaughterto'meet

anegativewithapositive’,evenwhensomebodyistryingtobringherdown.”

可知，Daugherty一直教女儿在遇到令她沮丧的事情时用积极乐观的心态去面对。由此

可推知，当女儿遇到令人气馁的事情时，Daugherty会建议她去看到阳光的一面。故选

Bo

7.D【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段中Daugherty所说的wWehadnoideatheimpactthat

itwasgoingtomakeandtheamountofmessagesv可知，她此前没有料想到这个

视频能引起如此大的反响。由此可推知，她对人们对该视频的反应感到吃惊。故选D。

C

Mostsquirrelsdon'thibernate（冬眠）.Instead,theystorefoodforthecold

seasonandspendthewinterintheirnests.Butthe13-linedgroundsquirrel,one

speciesofsquirrelintheU.S.Midwest,isnotthecase.Forupto8months,thetiny

mammalswon'teatordrinkanythingatallandtheheartrate,metabolism（新陈代

谢），andbodytemperaturedramaticallydropduringtheirlongrest,whichissimilar

tobearsandotherhibernatinganimals.

Tofindouthowthehibernatingsquirrelsholdbacktheirthirst,apowerfulforce

thatcouldpotentiallywakethemup,andresearchersmeasuredthebloodfluidofdozens

ofsquirrels.Generally,ahighbloodconcentration（血液浓度）makesanimals,

includinghumans,feelthirty.Thesleepingsquirrels!bloodconcentrationwaslow,

preventingthemfromwakingupforadrink.Evenwhenresearcherswokeupthetorpid

squirrels,theywouldn'tdrinkadropuntiltheteamartificiallyincreasedthe

concentrationoftheirbloodserum.

Next,theresearcherswantedtoknowhowthesquirrels'bloodconcentration

droppedsolow.Perhapsthesquirrelsdrankalotofwaterbeforehibernationto

dilute（稀释）theirblood,theresearchersthought.Butwhentheyfilmedsquirrels

preparingfortheirwintersnooze,theyfoundtheanimalsactuallydranklesswater

thantheynormallydid.

Instead,chemicaltestsrevealedthesquirrelsregulatetheirbloodconcentration

bygettingridofelectrolytes（电解质）likesodiumandotherchemicalslikeglucose

andureaandstoringthemelsewhereinthebody（possiblyinthebladder）,the

researchersreportedlastmonthinCurrentBiology.Thefindingcouldalsoexplain

howotherhibernatinganimalsstaycontainingwater.

Thisnewknowledgemightonedayhelphumanswithconditionssuchasdiabetes（糖

尿病），orastronautswhohavelaunchedonlongspaceflights.Unfortunately,evenif

peoplecanfigureouthowtodroptheirbloodconcentration,it'sunlikelythey’11

everbeascuteassleepingsquirrels.

8.Whatdoweknowaboutthe13-linedgroundsquirrels?

A.Theydon'thibernatelikemanyothersquirrels.

B.TheyareendangeredspeciesintheU.S.Midwest.

C.Theycanliveformonthswithoutwaterduringhibernation.

D.Theirheartruleandbodytemperatureareextremelyabnormal.

9.Thehibernatingsquirrelsdon'feelthirstybecauseoftheir.

A.highbloodconcentrationB.lowbloodconcentration

C.lowbodytemperatureD.highheartrate

10.Hibernatingsquirrelsadjusttheirbloodconcentrationsby.

A.Drinkingmuchwaterbeforehibernation

B.Noteatinganythingduringhibernation

C.Drinkinglesswaterthantheynormallydo

D.Removingcertainchemicalsandstoringthemsomewhere

11.Whatistheauthor?sattitudetowardsthenewfindings?

A.ObjectiveB.Positive

C.DisappointingD.Uncaring

【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种冬眠的松鼠，地松鼠。它以将电解质从血

液中换到其他地方储存的方式来降低血液浓度，而这项发明可能用于治疗糖尿病等人类疾病。

8.C【解析】细节理解题。由第一段Forupto8months,thetinymammalswon'teator

drinkanythingatall可知，地松鼠可以多达8个月不吃不喝。即地松鼠冬眠时可以

数个月不喝水。故选C。

9.B【解析】推理判断题。由第二段ahighbloodconcentration（血液浓度）makesanimals,

includinghumans,feelthirty可知血液浓度高促使动物包括人类感到口渴，由此可

以推断出冬眠的松鼠不口渴是因为血液浓度低。故选B。

10.D【解析】细节理解题。由倒数第二段chemicaltestsrevealedthesquirrelsregulate

theirbloodconcentrationbygettingridofelectrolytes（电解质）likesodiumand

otherchemicalslikeglucoseandureaandstoringthemelsewhereinthebody

可知，化学测试表明松鼠调节血液浓度是通过将电解质转移至身体其他部位储存的方式

进行的，即移走某种特定的物质即电解质，并储存到其他地方。故选D。

11.B【解析】观点态度题。由最后一段可知这项发现可以用来治疗糖尿病或者帮助长时间在

太空站的宇航员，有实际运用的价值，即作者对此持积极态度。故选B。

D

Whatinspireskidstobecreativeandpursueacademicexcellence?Someteachers

userewardsinrecognitionofstudents'effortorachievement,givingthemprizes,

medals,certificates,ormoney.

Psychologiststakeoppositeviewsofhowexternalrewards,fromwarmpraiseto

coldcash,affectmotivationandcreativity.Behaviorists,whostudytherelation

betweenactionsandtheirconsequences,arguethatrewardscanimproveperformance

atworkandschool.Cognitiveresearchers,whostudyvariousaspectsofmentallife,

believethatrewardsoftendestroycreativitybyencouragingdependenceonapproval

andgiftsfromothers.

Thelatterviewhasgainedmanysupporters,especiallyamongeducators.Butthe

carefuluseofsmallmonetary（金钱的）rewardssparkscreativityinprimaryschool

children,suggestingthatproperlygivenstimuli（刺激）indeedencouragecreativity,

accordingtoastudyintheJuneJournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology.

“Ifkidsknowtheyrreworkingforarewardandcanfocusonarelatively

challengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,nsaysRobertEisenbergerofthe

UniversityofDelawareinNewark."Butit'seasytokillcreativitybygivingrewards

forpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchdesireforrewards.n

Ateacherwhocontinuallydrawsattentiontorewardsorwhohandsouthighgrades

forordinaryachievementendsupwithstudentslackingincreativityandmotivation,

Eisenbergersays.Asanexampleofthelatterpoint,heparticularlymentionsgrowing

effortstotightengradingstandardsandadoptfailinggradesatmajoruniversities.

Inearliergrades,theuseofrewardingsystem,inwhichstudentshandle

challengingproblemsandreceiveperformance-basedpointstowardvaluedrewards,

showspromiseinraisingeffortandcreativity,Eisenbergerclaims.

12.Psychologistsaredividedintheirattitudestoward.

A.thechoicebetweenspiritualencouragementandmonetaryrewards

B.theamountofmonetaryrewardsforstudents1creativity

C.therelationshipbetweenactionsandtheirconsequences

D.theeffectsofexternalrewardsonstudentsfperformance

13.WhichofthefollowingdoesNOTbelongtoexamplesofuexternalrewards”?

A.Tomreceivedacertificateforwinningaspeechcompetition.

B.MarywaspraisedbytheteacherformakingprogressinEnglish.

C.Jackymadegreateffortstoenteramajoruniversity.

D.Johnwasofferedafreesummercampduetohishardwork.

14.Whichofthefollowingcanbestraisestudents!creativityaccordingtoRobert

Eisenberger?

A.Assigningthemtaskstheyhavenotdealtwithbefore.

B.Assigningthemtaskswhichrequirecreativity.

C.Givingthemrewardstheyreallydeserve.

D.Givingthemrewardstheyhopefor.

15.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatmajoruniversitiesaretryingtotighten

theirgradingstandardsbecausetheythink.

A.rewardingpoorperformancemaykillthecreativityofstudents

B.punishingstudentsismoreeffectivethanrewardingthem

C.failingunmotivatedstudentshelpsimprovetheiracademicstandards

D.discouragingstudents,expectationofeasyrewardsisimportant

【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了心理学家对外部奖励对学生成绩的影响的

态度有分歧。而教育工作者则认为适当的外部奖励刺激确实能激发创造力，但是如果给予表现

不好的学生奖励则可能会扼杀创造力。

12.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhow

externalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationand

creativity.（心理学家对外部奖励（从温暖的表扬到冷冰冰的现金）如何影响动机和创

造力持相反的观点）可知，心理学家对外部奖励对学生成绩的影响的态度有分歧。故选

Do

13.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Psychologiststakeopposingviewsofhow

externalrewards,fromwarmpraisetocoldcash,affectmotivationand

creativity.（心理学家对外部奖励（从温暖的表扬到冷冰冰的现金）如何影响动机和创

造力持相反的观点）可知，外部奖励包括表扬到现金。分析选项可知C选项“杰克努力

进入一所重点大学。”并不属于“外部奖励”的例子。故选C。

14.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段"Ifkidsknowthey'reworkingforarewardandcan

focusonarelativelychallengingtask,theyshowthemostcreativity,"says

RobertEisenbergeroftheUniversityofDelawareinNewark."Butit'seasyto

killcreativitybygivingrewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuch

desireforrewards."（位于纽瓦克的特拉华大学的RobertEisenberger说：“如果孩

子们知道他们是为了奖励而工作，并且能够专注于一个相对有挑战性的任务，他们就会

表现出最大的创造力。”“但如果对表现不佳的学生给予奖励，或者对奖励的渴望太强

烈，就很容易扼杀创造力。”）提到孩子们是为了获得奖赏而从事一项具有挑战性的工

作时创造力最强，而如果对那些表现不好的学生也给予奖赏则会扼杀创造力，可见

RobertEisenberger观点是给他们应得的奖励。故选C。

15.A【解析】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中"Butit'seasytokillcreativitybygiving

rewardsforpoorperformanceorcreatingtoomuchdesireforrewards."（"但

如果对表现不佳的学生给予奖励，或者对奖励的渴望太强烈，就很容易扼杀创造力。”）

可知，如果一个老师对表现不好的学生也给予奖赏就会导致学生缺乏创造力，故从文章

中可以推断，各大大学正试图提高他们的评分标准，是因为他们认为奖励不好的表现可

能会扼杀学生的创造力。故选A。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。

Ashighschoolstudents,wemustspendthevastmajorityofourtimeinclassand

readingbooks.16.Withoutafriend,ourworldwouldbeawilderness.Whatkindof

friendsshouldwepick?Whatarethedosanddon'tsoffriendship?Herearesomeof

myopinions.

17.Wemayconsiderdifferentpeoplewemeeteverydaytobeniceandfeellike

makingfriendswiththem.However,notallgoodpeoplearematchesforus.Ratherthan

makefriendswiththepopularstudents,weshouldspendtimewiththosewehavethings

incommonwith,orwhowillbetheretolistentous.Moreover,weshouldbecareful

aboutstudentswithmanybadhabits,sincetheycouldpassthosehabitsontous.

Beingtolerantisagoodidea.Nooneisperfect.18.Therefore,weshouldtry

tounderstandourfriendsandbepatientwiththemwhentheymakemistakessincewe're

allonajourneytobeingbetterpeople.Gradually,ourfriendshipswilllastlonger

andbecomemoresolid.

Behonest.19.However,it'sbettertobehonestwithfriends,totellthemwhat

isbotheringusandseektheiradvice.Beinghonestwillnotannoyyourfriends,but

itwillbringyouandyourfriendclosertogether.

Weneedtobeopen-minded.Listentoothers'ideas,whetheryouagreewiththem

ornot,andbehappytomakefriendswithyourfriends'friends.20.

A.Wemustbecareful.

B.Weneedtobewell-informed.

C.Asissaid,honestyisthebestpolicy.

D.Afriendwithoutfaultswillneverbefound.

E.Nonearesodeafasthosewhowillnothear.

F.Still,spendingtimewithfriendsisalsonecessaryandgoodforus.

G.Wealltendtoshowourpositivesidetofriendsandhideourtruefeelings.

【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了四点作者对于拥有好友的观点和看法，如应

该谨慎地交朋友；应该接受朋友的缺点；对朋友最好诚实；保持开放的心态倾听别人的想法等。

16.F根据前句Ashighschoolstudents,wemustspendthevastmajorityofourtime

inclassandreadingbooks.作为高中生，我们必须把大部分时间花在上课和读书上，

和后句Withoutafriend,ourworldwouldbeawilderness.没有朋友，我们的世界

将是一片荒野。可知，此句为承上启下句，花时间和朋友在一起也是必要的，对我们有好

处。故选F。

17.A此处为本段的主题句。根据后文However,notallgoodpeoplearematchesforus.

并不是所有

的好人都适合我们，和Moreover,weshouldbecarefulaboutstudentswithmanybad

habits,sincetheycouldpassthosehabitsontous.我们应该小心有很多坏习惯

的学生，因为他们会把这些习惯传给我们。可知，我们必须小心（交友）。故选A。

18.D根据前句Nooneisperfect.人无完人，可知，没有缺点的朋友是永远找不到的。故

选Do

19.G根据本段主题句Behonest.对朋友诚实，和后句的转折However,it'sbettertobe

honestwithfriends,totellthemwhatisbotheringusandseektheiradvice.然

而，最好对朋友诚实，告诉他们是什么困扰着我们，并征求他们的意见。可知，我们都倾

向于向朋友展示我们积极的一面，隐藏我们的真实感受。故选G。

20.E根据前句Listentoothers'ideas,whetheryouagreewiththemornot,andbe

happytomakefriendswithyourfriends'friends.倾听他人的想法，不管你是否

同意他们的观点，并乐于和你朋友的朋友交朋友，可知，要乐于倾听。故选E。

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的

最佳选项。

OvertwoweeksagoIwasstandingonthesummitofMountQomolangma.Itwasthe

topofmanyyears'hardwork,andthe21ofachildhooddream.

Ihavebeenoverwhelmedbythetideofgoodwilland22.Butonething

hasbecome23apparent.Manypeoplehaveconstantmisunderstandingsabout

MountQomolangma.Intheir24.Qomolangmahas25hercrown.

Shehasbecomeamountainsynonymouswithdeath,exploitationand26

ThemostcommonquestionIgetaskedis：”Isit27inrubbish?”AsaUnited

Nationspatron（资助人）ofthewilderness,oneofmyrolesisto28back

fromtheEarth'sremainingwildernessesandtoactasa29forthewild.

IclimbedQomolangmaexpectingarubbishdumpbutwhatIfound30me：I

31sawanylitter,fromtheairporttothesummit.

TheNepalesehave32somehugeclean-upcampaignsinrecentyears,perhaps

toimprovetheirreputation,butalsoinresponsetosometragicnaturaldisasters.

Thegovernment33anumberofrequirementsincludingthateachclimber

34anadditional8kgoflitter（notincludingtheirown）andincentives（激

励）forSherpas（夏尔巴人）of$2perkiloofrubbishcleaned.

Theresultshavebeen35.ThecountrylanesofGreatBritainhavemore

rubbishthanthe36tobasecamp；despitethe100,000footfallsIsaw

oneofthecleanest,tidiestwildernesstrailsIhaveencountered.

Ihavespenttimeinmanyoftheworld'spopularwildernesslocationsandIwould

sayNepalshouldbe37.Itisanexampleofmanrepairingthe38he

hasdone.Asourfocusturnstotheoceansandtheseeming1v39taskof

repairingourmarinehabitat,wecouldlookatQomolangmaasafine40of

turningbacktheclock.

21.A.realizationB.motivationc.connectionD.schedule

22.A.respondB.protectionC.changeD.support

23.A.strangelyB.naturallyC.increasinglyD.easily

24.A.symptomsB.mindsC.storiesD.permits

25.A.lostB.fedC.countedD.saved

26.A.adventureB.pollutionC.settlementD.choice

27.A.coveredB.seizedC.foundD.poured

28.A.expectB.appreciateC.applyD.report

29.A.planB.titleC.voiceD.lesson

30.A.surprisedB.servedC.forcedD.stressed

31.A.silentlyB.eagerlyc.franklyD.hardly

32.A.challengedB.conductedc.observedD.qualified

33.A.appealedtoB.takeninC.dependedonD.putforward

34.A.shareB.confirmC.removeD.bear

35.A.selectiveB.familiarC.impressiveD.repairable

36.A.realityB.trailC.opportunityD.league

37.A.vitalB.proudC.simpleD.unique

38.A.conclusionB.convenienceC.arrangementD.damage

39.A.impossibleB.necessaryC.unusualD.extra

40.A.contentB.directionC.exampleD.situation

【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者登上珠穆朗玛峰的故事。在作者以前的

印象中，珠峰充满着死亡、开发和垃圾。亲历之后，作者对珠峰的印象大为改观，并盛赞当地

政府的一些做法，呼吁人们效仿，使世界环境变得更美好。

21.A考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是多年努力的结果，也是一个儿时梦想的实现。A.

realization实现；B.motivation动机;C.connection连接;D.schedule日程表。作者经

过多年的努力，终于登上珠峰，说儿时的梦想得以实现(realization)。故选A。

22.D考查名词词义辨析。句意：我被善意和支持的潮水淹没了。A.respond答复；B.

protection保护；C.change改变；D.support支持。根据前面的goodwill可知，该空与

其意义相近，故选support,表示作者得到很多善意和支持。故选D。

23.C考查副词词义辨析。句意：但有一件事变得越来越明显。A.strangely奇怪地；B.

naturally自然地；C.increasingly不断增加地；D.easily容易地。在得到大量支持之际，

有一件事情变得日益(increasingly)明显。因为一直以来，人们对珠峰就有误解，并且这种

误解至今存在于很多人心目中。故选C。

24.B考查名词词义辨析。句意：在他们的心目中，珠穆朗玛峰已经失去了她的王冠。A.

symptoms症状；B.minds头脑；C.stories故事；D.permits允许。介词短语inone'sminds

意为“在……的心目中”。故选B。

25.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：在他们的心目中，珠穆朗玛峰已经失去了她的王冠。A.lost

失去;B.fed喂食;C.counted数;D.saved保存。根据下文语境中的Shehasbecomeamountain

synonymouswithdeath,exploitation可知,珠峰风光不再，即它失去了(lost)王冠。故选

Ao

26.B考查名词词义辨析。句意：在很多人的印象中，珠峰充满着死亡、开发和污染(pollution)。

A.adventure冒险；B.pollution污染；C.settlement解决；D.choice选择。下文多次提

到人们清理垃圾的事情,所以此处选pollution。故选B。

27.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：我被问到的最常见的问题是：“它被垃圾覆盖了吗？"A.

covered覆盖；B.seized抓住；C.found发现；D.poured倾倒。根据上文语境提到的人们

对珠峰的印象不好可知，作者经常被问的一个问题就是：珠峰是不是被垃圾覆盖(covered)?

故选Ao

28.D考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的一个任务就是向联合国汇报(report)地球上剩下的荒野

的状况。A.expect期盼；B.appreciate欣赏；C.apply应用；D.report汇报。作为受联

合国资助的登山者，作者的一个任务就是向联合国汇报(report)地球上剩下的荒野的状况。故

选D。

29.C考查名词词义辨析。句意：并且为此荒野发声。A.plan计划；B.title头衔；C.voice

声音；D.lesson教训。动词短语actasavoicefor...意为"作为的代言人“，作者

想为大自然发声。故选C。

30.A考查动词词义辨析。句意：我爬珠穆朗玛峰，以为会有一个垃圾场，但我的发现让我惊

讶。A.surprised吃惊；B.served服务；C.forced迫使；D.stressed着重。作者的想象

与真实情况截然不同，故让作者大为吃惊(surprised)。故选A。

31.D考查副词词义辨析。句意：从机场到山顶，我几乎看不到任何垃圾。A.silently默默

地；B.eagerly渴望地；C.frankly坦率地；D.hardly几乎没有。由后面语境提到的垃圾

清理情况可知，作者从机场到山顶几乎没有(hardly)看见垃圾。故选D。

32.B考查动词词义辨析。句意：尼泊尔人近年来进行了一些大规模的清理运动。A.

challenged挑战；B.conducted实施；C.observed观察；D.qualified合格。这里指最近

几年，尼泊尔人开展垃圾清理运动。conductcampaigns意为“开展活动”。故选B。

33.D考查动词短语词义辨析。政府提出了许多要求，句意：A.appealedto呼吁；B.taken

in吸收;C.dependedon依靠;D.putforward提出。尼泊尔政府对登山者也提出了(putforward)

一些要求。故选D。

34.C考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个登山者清除额外的8公斤的垃圾(不包括自身的)。A.

share分享；B.confirm证实；C.remove清除；D.bear忍受。这些要求包括清除(remove)

额外的8公斤垃圾，不包括自己的垃圾。故选C。

35.C考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果令人印象深刻。A.selective可选择的；B.

familiar熟悉的；C.impressive印象深刻的；D.repairable可修缮的。这些措施产生的结

果给人们留下了非常深刻的印象(impressive)。故选C。

36.B考查名词词义辨析。句意：英国乡间小路上的垃圾比通往大本营的小道还多。A.reality

现实；B.trail小道；Copportunity机会；Dleague同盟。与通往登山大本营的小道(trail)

相比，英国的村间小道的垃圾都比这里多。尽管有成千上万的脚步走过，作者看到了一条他遇

到过的最干净、最整洁的荒野小径。下一句aIsawoneofthecleanest,tidiestwilderness

trailsIhaveencountered.??中的trails是提示。故选B。

37.B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我认为尼泊尔应该感到自豪。A.vital极重要的；B.proud

骄傲的；C.simple简单的；D.unique独特的。根据作者的描述可知，尼泊尔政府采取了很

多清理垃圾的举措，效果明显，故应该引以为豪(proud)。故选B。

38.D考查名词词义辨析。句意:这是一个人类弥补他所造成的伤害的例子。A.conclusion

结论；B.convenie