在线网课知道《Environmental Biotechnology（哈尔滨工业大学）》单元测试考核答案

绪论单元测试1.【多选题】(3分)正确答案：ABDWhichofthefollowingsayingarecorrect（）.A.Empiricismisveryimportantinenvironmentalbiotechnologybesidestheprinciplesofmicrobiologyandengineering.B.Quantificationanalysismakesprocessesreliableandcost-effective.C.Molecularbiologyisthesubstitutefortraditionalmethodsinexploringmicrobialcommunities.D.Microbiologicaltreatmenttechnologiesdevelopedatthebeginningofthe20thcentury,suchasactivatedsludgeandanaerobicdigestion,remainmainstaystoday.第一章测试1.【多选题】正确答案：ACThebasicreactionsinvolvedinbacterialgrowth,including（）.A.cellsynthesisreactionsB.energy-consumingreactionsC.energy-producingreactionsD.fermentationreactions2【单选题】(2分)Inmicrobialmetabolism,NO3-andSO42-canbeusedaselectronacceptorsin（）.A.theabsenceofoxygenB.theabsenceofenzymesC.theabsenceofATPD.inthepresenceofcytochromes3【单选题】(2分)fs0+fe0=（）.A.2B.1C.1.1D.0.94【判断题】Theamountofdonorusedforenergyproductionforcellssynthesisrelatedtobothenergyrequiredforcellsynthesisandenergyreleasedfromdonoroxidation.()A.错B.对5【判断题】ThenetyieldYnwillsometimesequalstotrueyieldY.()A.对B.错第二章测试1【单选题】(2分)Whichofthefollowingistherightdefinitionof‘safetyfactor’inengineering?（）A.θxmin/θxB.θx/θxminC.θx/[θxmin]limD.S0/Smin2【判断题】Thedecayofactivebiomassisafirst-orderfunction,includingthefractionfortruerespirationandforinert.()A.对B.错3【判断题】Solidsretentiontimeorsludgeageisthereciprocalofthenetspecificgrowthrate.()A.对B.错4【判断题】UAPisbiodegradedconsiderablyfasterthanisBAP.()A.错B.对5【判断题】Thetrueyieldcannotbeestimatedfromexperiments.()A.错B.对第三章测试1【单选题】(2分)Theidealizedbiofilmhavingthefollowingpropertiesexcept().A.Aneffectivediffusionlayerofthickness<emLrepresentsexternalmass-transportresistance.B.Thebiofilmhasauniformbiomassdensity.C.Mass-transportresistanceisnotimportanttothebiofilm.D.HasalocallyuniformthicknessofLf.2【单选题】(2分)Thefollowingdescriptionofthefundamental“law”ofthesteady-statebiofilmiscorrect.()A.Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitareaperhour(YJT)isjustbalancedbythelosses.B.Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitarea(YJ)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitareab’XfLf.C.Thegrowthofnewbiomassperunitareaperhour(YJT)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitareab’XfLf.D.Thegrowthofnewbiomass(<emYJ)isjustbalancedbythelossesperunitareab’XfLf.3.【多选题】正确答案：ABCDThemodelofasteady-statebiofilmrequiressimultaneoussolutionof().A.mass-balanceforsubstrateinthebiofilm.B.mass-balanceforactivebiomassinthebiofilmC.mass-balanceforsubstratetransporttothebiofilm.D.boundaryandcontinuityconditions.4.【多选题】正确答案：ABCDThefollowingfiguresshowsthat().A.JandXfLfincreasesverysharplyasSincreasesslightlyaboveSmin.B.ForverylargeS,theslopeofJversusSdeclinesgraduallyandeventuallyapproachesthelimitingcaseofone-half-orderkinetics,orJ=k1/2S1/2.C.ForSlargeenough,J(andXfLf)increasesforlargerS,becausethesubstrateconcentrationsinsidethebiofilmriseinresponsetoahigherS.D.AtsomeA.错B.对6【判断题】Twobiofilmshavingthesamephysicalthickness,shouldhavesimilarA.对B.错7【判断题】Thefundamentalunderstandingofasteady-statebiofilmisthatthebiomassperunitsurfacearea(XfLf)isconstantintime,andthebiomassatanyonelocationisatsteadystate.A.错B.对8【判断题】S*minrepresentsthegrowthpotentialinthesteady-state-biofilmmodel,andS*minmuchlessthan1.0indicatesthenetpositivegrowthismuchgreaterthantheloss.()A.错B.对9【判断题】K*comparesexternalmasstransporttothemaximumutilizationrate.K*lessthan1meansthatthesubstrateutilizationiscontrolledbyexternalmasstransport.()A.错B.对10【判断题】Fordeepbiofilm,ithasthemaximumfluxintothebiofilm.()A.错B.对第四章测试1.【多选题】正确答案：ABCWhichofthefollowingshouldbebalancedinamodel?()A.elementsB.chargesC.CODD.componentsinmole/L2【判断题】Anabolismisrelatedtotherateofsubstrateuptakebyayield.()A.对B.错3【判断题】NitriteisincludedinASM1.()A.对B.错4【判断题】Hydrolysisisusuallysimulatedviafirstorderkinetic.()A.错B.对5【判断题】BothanoxicandaerobicgrowthofheterotrophsareconsideredinASM1.()A.对B.错第五章测试1.【多选题】正确答案：ABCSecondaryconsumersintheactivatedsludgesysteminclude:().A.prokaryotesB.predatorsC.chemolithotrophicbacteriaD.heterotrophicbacteria2【单选题】(2分)Whichoneofthefollowingisthemostpopularreactorconfigurationsbeingusedinwastewatertreatmentthesedays().A.ModifiedAerationB.CompletelymixedC.ConventionalAerationD.Stepaeration3【单选题】(2分)TheconventionalactivatedsludgesystemcouldremoveBOD5andsuspendedsolids(SS)by()percentormoreformunicipalsewagetreatment.A.75B.90C.80D.854【判断题】Foraconventionaldesignfortheactivatedsludgetreatmentofdomesticsewage,theF/Mratiosuggestedis0.25to0.5kgBOD5perdayperkgMLSS.（）A.对B.错5【判断题】Inmostsituations,theelectrondonor,ortheBOD,isratelimitingformicroorganismreproductionandgrowth.（）A.对B.错第六章测试1.【多选题】正确答案：ABWhatisthepurposeoftheeffluentrecyclelineintwo-phasesystemoffluidized-bed?()A.controltheupwardflowvelocityB.supportoxygenbyoxygenatorsystemC.increasethebedturbulenceD.controltheBODloadingininfluent2.【多选题】正确答案：BCDInbiologicalcontactors(RBC),thepercentsubmergenceistoohighandmightleadto().A.lowerCODineffluentB.highersuspendsludgeC.oxygendeficitD.odor3【判断题】Themicrobialpopulationinbiofilmandactivatedsludgearedifferentinspeciesowingtothedifferencesinthemicroorganismaccumulatedformation,althoughtherearesameelectrondonorsandacceptors.()A.错B.对4【判断题】Thechangingofinfluent(Q)isusuallycontrolledtochangthesurfaceloadingoftricklingfiltersandbiologicaltower.()A.对B.错5【判断题】Themediumwillnotmoveextensivelywhenitisuniforminfluidized-bedreactor.()A.对B.错第七章测试1.【多选题】正确答案：ACDAdvantagesofanaerobictreatmentinclude().A.Highorganicloadingispossible.B.Highremovalefficiencywithdilutewastes.C.Produceusefulendproducts.D.Lowproductionofwastebiologicalsolids.2.【多选题】正确答案：ABCDThesuccessfulstart-upandoperationofananaerobicsystemrequires:().A.Beginwithasmuchgoodanaerobicseedaspossible.B.Bringthesystemtotemperature.C.Fillthedigesterwithseedandwater.D.AddbufferingmaterialintheformofchemicaltoprotectagainstpHdrop.3.【多选题】正确答案：ABCDPossiblemethodstocontroltoxicityinanaerobictreatments:().A.Thetoxicityofsulfidecanbereducedbygasstrippingfromthereactor.B.MaintainingalowerpHcanreduceammoniatoxicity.C.Thetoxicityofsomeheavymetalscanberemovedbyadditionofsulfide.D.Thetoxicityoflong-chainfattyacidscanbereducedbycalcium.4【单选题】(2分)Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseaboutthecharacteristicsofbaffledreactor:().A.OvercomethebiosolidslossfromtheUASBsystem.B.Wastewatermovesupwardanddownward.C.Designloadingtypicallyisintherangeof4to15kgCOD/m3-d.D.Arecyclelinecanbeaddedtoremovebiosolidsfromthelastchamberandreturnthemtothefirst.5【单选题】(2分)Estimatingthemethaneproductionofanaerobictreatmentprocessforwastewatercontaining1.0Mglucose:().A.2.64mol.B.0.24mol.C.2.4mol.D.3.36mol.6.【多选题】正确答案：BDTheprocessofanaerobictreatmentcanbebrokenintowhichofthefollowingsteps:().A.Theorganicacidsarethenpartiallyusedbyarchaelmethanogenstoconvertthemintomethane.B.Theconversionoftheorganicacidsandhydrogenintomethane.C.Thesimplecarbohydratesandacidsareutilizedtoobtainenergyforgrowthbyfermentingbacteria.D.Hydrolysisandfermentationofcomplexorganicmatterintosimpleorganicacidandhydrogen.7【单选题】(2分)AnabsoluteminimumA.10day.B.5day.C.20day.D.15day.8.【多选题】正确答案：ACDThecontentsofthedigestercanbeheatedthrough:().A.Heatexchangerslocatedinsidethedigester.B.Directheatingthereactor.C.Injectedsteamthroughlancesordiffusers.D.Pumpingbackwarmedsludgethroughexternalheatexchangers9.【多选题】正确答案：ADTheprimarydesigncriterionofCSTRcontains:().A.Detentiontime.B.Themethane-gasyield.C.Thenetsludgeproduction.D.Thevolatile-solidsloadingrate.10【判断题】Theroutinemeasurementofvolatileacidconc