Unit5一般现在时的被动语态课件人教版九年级英语全册

语法归纳---被动语态主动句：He

plants

trees

inspring.被动句：Trees

areplanted

byhim

inspring.

主动句：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.

被动句：English

isspoken

bymanypeople.CREATIVEYourneedsfor..被动语态语态是用来表示主语和谓语之间的关系。英语中有两种语态，一种是主动语态，表示主语是动作的执行者；另一种是被动语态，表示主语是动作的承受者，若要特别强调动作的执行者时，句子后边需接by...，译为“被(由)……”。

被动语态通常由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有时态、人称、数的变化。PeoplegrowteainHangzhou.

Teaisgrown

bypeopleinHangzhou.Ibreakthewindow.

Thewindowisbroken

byme.Icatchseveralbirds.

Severalbirds

arecaught

by

me.Miss.Liteachesmetousethecomputer.

Iam

taughttousethecomputerbyMiss.Li.Shedrinksthreecupsofwatereveryday.Threecupsofwater

aredrunk

byhereveryday.Teaisgrown

bypeopleinHangzhou.Thewindowisbroken

byme.Severalbirds

arecaught

by

me.Iam

taughttousethecomputerbyMiss.Li.Threecupsofwater

aredrunk

byhereveryday.Teaisn’tgrown

bypeopleinHangzhou.Thewindowisn’tbroken

byme.Iam

not

taughttousethecomputerbyMiss.Li.Severalbirds

aren’tcaught

by

me.Threecupsofwater

aren’tdrunk

byhereveryday.16:00pmTeaisgrown

bypeopleinHangzhou.Thewindowisbroken

byme.Iam

taughttousethecomputerbyMiss.Li.

Isteagrown

bypeopleinHangzhou?Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.

Isthe

window

broken

byyou?Yes,itis./No,itisn’t.

Are

youtaughttousethecomputerbyMiss.Li?

Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.Severalbirds

arecaught

by

me.Threecupsofwater

aredrunk

byhereveryday.

Are

severalbirdscaughtbyyou?

Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.

Are

threecupsofwaterdrunkbyhereveryday?

Yes,theyare./No,theyaren’t.一般现在时的被动语态：am/is/are+动词的过去分词结构例句肯定句主语+am/is/are+动词的过去分词+其他.ThekiteismadebyLily.否定句主语+am/is/are+not+动词的过去分词+其他.Thekiteisn’tmadebyLily.一般疑问句Am/Is/Are+主语+动词的过去分词+其他?肯定回答:Yes,主语+am/is/are.否定回答:No,主语isn’t/aren’t.

No,I’mnot.IsthekitemadebyLily?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+am/is/are+主语+动词的过去分词+其他?Whatisthewindowmadeof?People

speak

French

in

many

countries.

French

isspoken

bypeoplein

many

countries.Women

often

talk

about

clothes

and

foods.

Clothes

and

foods

are

oftentalkedabout

bywomen.WuChengenwritesthefamousnoveltheJourneytotheWest.ThefamousnoveltheJourneytotheWest

iswritten

byWuChengen.Wecleanourclassroomeveryday.

Ourclassroomiscleaned

everydaybyus.主动结构：Mydadbuysmeatoybear.被动结构：Iambought

atoybear

bymydad.(间接宾语作主语)

Mydadbuysatoybearforme.Atoybear

isboughtformebymydad.(直接宾语作主语)主动结构：Mariashowsmesomephotos.被动结构：IamshownsomephotosbyMaria.(间接宾语作主语)

Mariashowssomephotostome.SomephotosareshowntomebyMaria.(直接宾语作主语)1.

含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可将主动句中的直接宾语或间接宾语变为被动句中的主语。

如果把主动句中的直接宾语(指物)变为被动句中的主语，则需在间接宾语(指人)前加适当的介词to或for。常接to的动词有give,tell,lend,show,pass,hand等；

常接for的动词有buy,get等。被动结构：主语(sb.)+bedone+直接宾语(sth.)+bysb.

主语(sth.)+bedone+to/for+间接宾语(sb.)+bysb.Lilyoftentellsstoriestome.

Storiesare

oftentold

tomebyLily.Myfriendgivesmeanotebookasthebirthdaygift.

Iam

oftentold

storiesbyLily.

Anotebookisgiventome

asthebirthdaygiftbymyfriend.

Iamgivenanotebook

asthebirthdaygiftbymyfriend.IlendsomemoneytoMr.Smith.Somemoney

islenttoMr.Smith.byme.

Mr.Smith.

islentsomemoneybyme.【典型例题】Myunclepreparesmeasilverring.

(asilverring作主语)______________________________________Asilverringispreparedformebymyuncle.①We

all

callthe

boy

LiHua.

→The

boy

iscalled

LiHua

(by

us

all).

②Weseetheboysleeping.

→The

boy

isseensleeping

(by

us).

③The

teacher

asks

the

students

to

come

early.

→The

students

areasked

to

come

early

(by

the

teacher).

2.

复合宾语的被动语态

（考点）

主动句中在感官动词“一感觉(feel)”、“两听(hear,listento)”、“三使(make,let,have)”、“四看(see,watch,look,notice)”help(半帮助，因为后面的to可要可不要)等后跟省略to的不定式,变为被动句时,应加上不定式符号to。She

makes

her

daughter

play

the

piano

every

day.

→Her

daughter

ismade

to

play

the

piano

every

day

(by

her).

She

helpshersistercleanthewashroom.

→Hersister

ishelpedto

cleanthewashroom

(by

her).

句型转换。1.Lucy'smotheroftenmakesherreadEnglishaloudathome.(改为被动语态)Lucyisoftenmade______________Englishaloudathome.2.Ioftenseehimplayfootballafterschool.(改为被动语态)Heisoften____________playfootballafterschool.toreadseen

to3.Theboyisseen_____computergamesinthenetbar. A.play

B.played C.playing

D.toplayD4.Thebossinthisfactory（工厂）makestheworkersworkfor12hoursaday.

(改为被动语态)Theworkers_____made_____workfor12hoursadaybythebossinthisfactory.areto3.

“动词+介词/副词”构成的短语动词，变成被动句时，要把它们作为整体看待，介词或副词不可与动词拆开或漏掉。如look

at,

look

for,

look

after,

take

care

of,

take

off等。1.Theylookafterthebabies.→Thebabiesarelookedafter

(bythem).2.Theytakegoodcareofthebabiesinthehospital.→Thebabiesaretakengoodcareof

inthehospital(bythem).SolidProject’sSPECIALFEATURES“Nemoenimipsamvoluptatemquiavoluptassitaspernaturautoditautfugit”二、被动语态的用法(主要用于以下几种情况)1.

强调动作的承受者。Thisnovelislikedbymostyoungpeople.2.

不知道动作的执行者或者没有必要提及执行者。Thebookiswrittenforchildren.3.

在科技论文中，强调客观事实。

When

it

is

cold

enough,

water

will

beturnedintoice.

4.

有些动词习惯上常用被动语态。NewYorkisthoughttobethebusiestcity.SolidProject’sSPECIALFEATURES“Nemoenimipsamvoluptatemquiavoluptassitaspernaturautoditautfugit”教材中与被动语态相关的一些短语/句型:短语：getdressed(穿衣)gethurt(受伤)getlost(迷路)getmarried(结婚)becoveredwith(被…覆盖)bemadeof（由…制成）（看得出原材料）bemadeby（由某人制造）

bemadefrom（由…制成）（看不出原材料）bemadein（由某地制造）

beusedfor（被用于…）

beusedtodo（被用于做...）句型:Itissaidthat...（据说…）

Itishopedthat...（希望…）Itisreportedthat...（据报道…）Itiswellknownthat...(众所周知...)Itisbelievedthat...（人们认为）SolidProject’sSPECIALFEATURES“Nemoenimipsamvoluptatemquiavoluptassitaspernaturautoditautfugit”1.动词open,read,sell,write,lock,clean,wash,cut,burn,drive等作不及物动词，且它们的主语为物时。

writewell/smoothly写起来顺滑

readwell读起来朗朗上口

washwell/easily很容易洗sellwell卖得好，畅销

Theclothwasheswell.2.“主语+连系动词+表语”的句子无被动语态（系动词主表被）。

Oh,themilktastesstrange.

3.beworthdoing中，形容词worth(意为“值……”)；doing表示被动意义。This

book

is

so

good

that

it

is

worth

reading.

这本书很好，值得读两遍。

4.want/need/require＋doing相当于want/need/require＋tobedone，tobedone是不定式的被动结构。Theredflowerneedswatering.=Theredflowerneedstobewatered.5.therebe句型没有被动语态。1.Onourfarm,thetealeaves________byhandwhentheyareready.A.pick B.picked C.arepicked D.werepicked2.—People________totaketheirtemperaturesbeforetheygointothesupermarketduringtheCOVID-19pandemic(新冠疫情).—Ithinkit’sagoodwaytoprotectourselves.

A.areaskingB.areasked C.asked D.askCBSolidProject’sSPECIALFEATURES“Nemoenimipsamvoluptatemquiavoluptassitaspernaturautoditautfugit”3.Withdoublereductionpolicy(双减政策),students________lesshomeworknowsothattheyhaveenoughtimetotakepartinmoreactivities.A.willgive B.weregiven C.aregiven4.Chinese________bymoreandmorepeopleintheworld.A.

speak B.

speaks C．isspeaking D．isspoken

5.—ManyDIYcards_______tomothersonMother'sDayeveryyear.—Howcreative!

A.issendingB.aresendingC.issentD.aresentCDDSolidProject’sSPECIALFEATURES“Nemoenimipsamvoluptatemquiavoluptassitaspernaturautoditautfugit”6.—MumcouldIwatchthemovieTheBattleatChangjinLaketonight?—Ofcourse,ifyourhomework______.

A.finishes B.finished C.wasfinished D.isfinished7.Chineseastronauts______asheroes.Wealllookuptothem.

A.areregardedB.regard C.regardedDASolidProject’sSPECIALFEATURES“Nemoenimipsamvoluptatemquiavoluptassitaspernaturautoditautfugit”8.—Moreandmorehigh-technologyproducts______inChina.—Yes.Ourcountryisbecomingstrongerandstronger.

A.ismakingB.aremakingC.ismadeD.aremade9.Alotofbirds______innatureparkseveryyear.

A．protectB．isprotected