河南省洛阳市高三英语二练试题（含解析）

河南省洛阳市2020届高三英语二练试题（含解析）第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AAreyoudriventocreatechangeinbetteringkids’futures?Hereareafewoptions.EducationGoingafteracareerineducationissometimesoverlooked.Yetteachingisanimportantpathtocreatingchange.Youwilleducatetheyoungmindsresponsibleforthefuture.Inadditiontopresentingbasicschoolsubjects,youcanteachthemtobeleaders.Youcanmotivatethemtowanttomakeadifferencethemselves.Acareerineducationdoesn’thavetomeanleachinginaclassroom.Youcanhelpthemtolearninawaythatworksforthemandbeafriendtothemaswell.SocialworkAsasocialworker,youcandirectlychangethelivesofchildreninneedaswelladvocateforservicesfordrugabusers,familyviolencesurvivors,mentalhealthpatients,andmore.Youwillprovidethemwiththenecessaryresourcestosucceedandadvisethemthroughtrauma(精神创伤),unemployment,educationdifficulties,addictionandpoverty.Manysocialworkersareassociatedwithgovernmentalagencies,buttherearealsojobsinschools,nonprofitorganizationsandhospitals.ChildpsychologyStudyingchildpsychologymayleadtoacareeroption.Psychologistscanprovidesupportforchildrenwithmentalhealthproblemsandgivethemaplacetobeopenabouttheirfeelings.Youmaywishtobeeaschoolpsychologistandguidechildren(andtheirparents)throughtheeducationsystemwhiledealingwithmentalillnessortrauma.Asapsychologist,youwillhelpyourpatientsfindthesourceoftraumaorstressanddiscoverwaysofreducingorremovingtheproblem.Youmayevenconductyourownresearchonnewtreatmentmethods.1.Whicheducationalconceptdoestheauthorsupport?A.Workingwithstudents’groupleaders.B.Teachingchildrenaccordingtotheirinterests.C.Keepingteachingchildrenintheclassroom.D.Encouragingstudentstomakeachangethemselves.2.Whowillsocialworkershelpmostprobably?A.Governmentalofficials.B.Localbusinessagents.C.Childrenwitheducationdifficulties.D.Womensufferingfromfamilyviolence.3.Whichcareermainlydealswithchildrenwithmentalillness?A.Educators.B.Schoolleaders.C.Socialworkers.D.Schoolpsychologists.【答案】1.D2.C3.D【解析】这是一篇应用文。本文讲了三种帮助儿童有更好的未来的途径，分别是教育，社会工作者以及儿童心理学家，分别说明了儿童有什么问题，可以寻求哪些帮助等等。【1题详解】细节理解题。由文章Education部分下的Youwilleducatetheyoungmindsresponsibleforthefuture.Inadditiontopresentingbasicschoolsubjects,youcanteachthemtobeleaders.Youcanmotivatethemtowanttomakeadifferencethemselves.(你要教育孩子们对将来负责。除了给他们提供基本的学校科目外，你可以教他们成为领导，你可以激励他们改变自己)可知，作者支持的观点是，教育孩子自己做出改变。D.Encouragingstudentstomakeachangethemselves.(鼓励孩子自己做出改变)符合以上说法，故选D项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由文章Socialwork部分下的Asasocialworker,youcandirectlychangethelivesofchildreninneedaswelladvocateforservicesfordrugabusers,familyviolencesurvivors,mentalhealthpatients,andmore.(作为一个社工，你可以直接改变有需要的孩子的生活，并提倡为吸毒者、家暴幸存者、心理健康患者等提供服务)可知，作为社工最有可能帮助到的是孩子。C.Childrenwitheducationdifficulties.(有教育问题的孩子)符合以上说法，故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Childpsychology部分下的Asapsychologist,youwillhelpyourpatientsfindthesourceoftraumaorstressanddiscoverwaysofreducingorremovingtheproblem.(心理学家可以为有心理健康问题的儿童提供支持，给他们一个敞开心扉的空间)可知，成为学校心理学家能帮助有精神有疾病的孩子。故选C项。BI’vespenttwodecadesobservingwhatmakespeopleluckyandtryingtohelppeopleincreasetheirluck.Iteachentrepreneurship(社会学).Weknowmanynewenterprisesfail,andinnovators(创业者)needluck.Withmystudents,Ispendmuchtimeencouragingthemtogetoutoftheirfortzoneandtakesomerisks.Idothismyselfallthetime.Aboutadozenyearsago,duringaflight,Idecidedtotakealittlerisk.Istartedaconversationwiththemansittingnexttome.Iintroducedmyself,andIlearnedthathewasapublisher.Ilearnedallaboutthefutureofthepublishingindustryandweexchangedcontact(联系)information.Soaboutthreequartersthroughthenight,Idecidedtotakeanotherrisk.IshowedhimabookplanIwasdoinginmyclass.Althoughhewasverypolite,hesaiditwasn’trightforus.Acoupleofmonthslater,ItoldhimIwasdoingaprojectontransformingthebook,thefutureofpublishingandinvitedhimtoetomyclass.Sohegladlycametomyclass.Wehadagreatexperience.Afewmonthslater,Iwrotetohimagain,sendingabunchofvideoclips(剪辑)fromanotherprojectmystudentshadmade.Hewassostrickenbyoneofthemthathethoughttherewasabookinit.Iwasalittlebithurt,butitwasallright.SoIinvitedhimandhiscolleaguestohavelunchtogether.Later,oneofhiseditorsaskedmeifIhadconsideredwritingabook.AndIpulledouttheexactsameplanIhadshowedhisbossayearearlier.Withintwoyears,mybookhadsoldoveramillioncopies.4.Wecaninferfromtheauthor’sexperienceontheplanethat.A.thepublisherwasstrickenbyhisbookB.thatwashisfirstexperiencebyplaneC.thefirstriskduringthenightdidn’tworkoutD.theexperiencemadehimtransformhisbook5.Whydidtheauthorsendthestudents’videoclips?A.Tohavetheirbookpublished. B.Tohelptoincreasehisluck.C.Toassesstheirwritingskills. D.Tohelpthemseetheirstrength.6.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.TaketheLead B.EverythingisPossibleC.WininDanger D.LuckandRisk7.Whatdoestheauthorthinkresultedinhisluck?A.Publishingbooks. B.Aseriesofsmallrisks.C.Beingturneddownfrequently. D.Meetingwiththestrangerontheplane.【答案】4.D5.B6.D7.B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述作者近二十年一直在研究使得人们幸运的是什么，并且帮助他人增加幸运的机会。作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的Acoupleofmonthslater,ItoldhimIwasdoingaprojectontransformingthebook,thefutureofpublishingandinvitedhimtoetomyclass.(几个月后，我告诉他我正在做这本书的改造工作，关于未来的出版，并邀请他来我的课堂)可知，飞机上的经历，让作者决定改造他的书。D.theexperiencemadehimtransformhisbook(这个经历让他改造自己的书)符合以上说法，故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的Soaboutthreequartersthroughthenight,Idecidedtotakeanotherrisk.IshowedhimabookplanIwasdoinginmyclass.(过了大约四分之三的夜晚，我决定再冒一次险。我给他看了我在课堂上做的读书计划)及Afewmonthslater,Iwrotetohimagain,sendingabunchofvideoclips(剪辑)fromanotherprojectmystudentshadmade.Hewassostrickenbyoneofthemthathethoughttherewasabookinit.(几个月后，我又给他写了一封信，把学生们做的另一个项目的一些视频剪辑发给了他。他被其中一本书深深地打动了，以为里面有一本书)可推测，作者把学生的视频剪辑和书一起寄过去的目的是帮助增加自己的运气。B.Tohelptoincreasehisluck(为了帮助增加他的运气)符合以上推测，故选B项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是一段的I’vespenttwodecadesobservingwhatmakespeopleluckyandtryingtohelppeopleincreasetheirluck.和二段的Withmystudents,Ispendmuchtimeencouragingthemtogetoutoftheirfortzoneandtakesomerisks.Idothismyselfallthetime.可知，本文主要讲述作者近二十年一直在研究使得人们幸运的是什么，并且帮助他人增加幸运的机会。作者一直鼓励学生走出舒适区并做出一些冒险，而作者本人也一直坚持这样做。D.LuckandRisk(运气和冒险)可以作为本文标题，故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段的Aboutadozenyearsago,duringaflight,Idecidedtotakealittlerisk.(大约12年前，在一次飞行中，我决定冒一点险)及第三段的Soaboutthreequartersthroughthenight,Idecidedtotakeanotherrisk.(所以，过了大约四分之三的夜晚，我决定再冒一次险)和第三段的Afewmonthslater,Iwrotetohimagain,sendingabunchofvideoclips(剪辑)fromanotherprojectmystudentshadmade.Hewassostrickenbyoneofthemthathethoughttherewasabookinit.(几个月后，我再次写信给他，把一堆我学生做的另一个项目的视频剪辑寄给他。他被其中的一个深深感动了，认为可以写一本书)可知，出版商拒绝之后，作者一直没有放弃，冒着拒绝的风险提升幸运的机会，最终成功的出版了这本书。由此推测，作者认为是一些小的冒险让他成功了。B.Aseriesofsmallrisks(一系列小的冒险)符合以上说法，故选B项。COnwinter,afisherman—JimSavage—wasbravingthefreezingtemperatureswhenhenoticedababydolphinstrugglingtofreeherselffromanotherfisherman’straps—thenetting.Jimspoketoherandshecalmeddownashecutherfreefromtheline.Seeingshewastootiredtoswimaway,hecalledtheWildlifeConservationmissionandtheyrescuedthedolphin,namedherWinterandtookherbacktothecentertogettreatment.Winterwasplacedinaholdingtankandtheteamputafeedingtubeinherthroat.Soon,though,Winterlearnedhowtoeatfromabottle.ButthelinewrappingaroundWinter’stailhadcausedhertailtofalloffpiecebypiece.Eventuallyallthatwasleftwasafleshystump(残肢).ThoughWinterdideventuallystarttoswim,shetaughtherselfanentirelyoriginalway—toswinghertailstumpfromsidetosidelikeafish.Shelearnedverywellandlearnedhowtotrustandlovethepeoplewhocaredforher.Andshemadeanewnonhumanfriend—Panama,anotherrescueddolphin.Thetwobecamelifelongfriends,pletelyinseparable.Buthertrainerswereworried,heroriginalmovingwaypreventedherfromgrowingproperly.ThenKevinCarroll,adolphinloverandmakerofprostheticlimbs(假肢)forpeople,steppedin.Withateamofexperts,vets,andtrainers,KevindevelopedanewtailforWinter.Winterwasretrainedtousethedevice(装置)toswimproperly,butwithlotsofhardworkshedidit!Wordaboutthedisableddolphingotitandeveryonecouldrelatetothedolphin.Nowsheseemstoconnectwitheveryonefromadultswithprosthesestoalittlegirlwhodidn’twanttowearherhearingaiduntilshemetWinter.8.WhatmadeWintercalmdown?A.Thenetting.B.Jim’swords.C.Therescueteam.D.Thenewtail.9.WhydidJimphonetheWildlifeConservationmission?A.Tocurethebabydolphin.B.Todealwiththefishingnet.C.Torescuetheotherfisherman.D.Tolookatthebabydolphin.10.Whatmadethetrainersworried?A.Winter’srelationshipwithPanama.B.Winter’spopularitywithvisitors.C.TheeffectofthedamageonWinter.D.Winter’smovingstylelikeotherdolphins.11.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheouteoftheevent?A.It’sbeautiful.B.It’scontroversial.C.It’shumorous.D.It’sdiscouraging.【答案】8.B9.D10.C11.A【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一只受伤的小海豚在一个渔民和野生动物保护中心的帮助下获救，并通过自己的努力学会用假尾巴游泳，给人们带来鼓励和帮助的故事。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的Jimspoketoherandshecalmeddownashecutherfreefromtheline.(吉姆对她讲话，她平静了下来，他把她从绳子上救下来)可知，吉姆的话让她平静了下来。B.Jim’swords.(吉姆的话)符合以上说法，故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的Seeingshewastootiredtoswimaway,hecalledtheWildlifeConservationmissionandtheyrescuedthedolphin,namedherWinterandtookherbacktothecentertogettreatment.(看到她累得游不动了，他打给野生动物保护中心，他们救了这只海豚，给她取名为冬天，并带她回到治疗中心接受治疗)可推测，吉姆打给野生动物保护中心是让他们来看这只海豚。D.Tolookatthebabydolphin.(来看这只小海豚)符合以上说法，故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Eventuallyallthatwasleftwasafleshystump(残肢).ThoughWinterdideventuallystarttoswim,shetaughtherselfanentirelyoriginalway—toswinghertailstumpfromsidetosidelikeafish.(但是，缠在冬天尾巴上的鱼线使她的尾巴一片片地脱落了。最终，冬天开始了游泳，但她自学了一种完全独创的方法——像鱼一样左右摆动尾巴)第四段的Buthertrainerswereworried,heroriginalmovingwaypreventedherfromgrowingproperly.(但她的训练员很担心，她最初的移动方式妨碍了她的正常生长)可知，训练员担心小海豚的伤最终会对她的生长造成影响。C.TheeffectofthedamageonWinter.(受伤给冬天造成的影响)符合以上说法，故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段的Nowsheseemstoconnectwitheveryone—fromadultswithprosthesestoalittlegirlwhodidn’twanttowearherhearingaiduntilshemetWinter.(现在，她似乎和每个人都有了联系——从戴着假肢的成年人到直到遇到冬天才戴上助听器的小女孩)可知，Winter这只海豚带给了许多人鼓励和帮助。由此推测，作者认为这件事情的结局是美好的。故选A项。DPlasticistheworkhorsematerialofthemoderneconomy(经济).Lightweightanddurable,it’sbeenusedtomakeavastnumberofproductssinceitsintroductionover100yearsago.However,astudycarriedoutbytheWorldEconomicForum,theEllenMacArthurFoundationandMcKinseypanyshowedthestatusofthebreakdownintheglobalplasticsystem.Afull32%ofthe78milliontonsofplasticpackagingproducedannuallyislefttoflowintoouroceans.TheOceanCleanup,astartupfoundedin2013,isthebrainchildofBoyanSlat,whocameupwiththeideaforthepanywhenhewasjust17yearsold.Sincethen,it’sreceivedmorethan$2millioninfunding(基金).Thepanyplanstousealargearray(列阵)thatwillbefixedtothebottomofthePacificOcean.Thiswillhavearmsthatspreadoutover100km,gettingalloftheplasticgarbagepushedintoitsnets.Thisisthencollectedbya10,000metrecubecontainerthatwillbeemptiedmonthly.Mostrecently,theOceanCleanuplaunchedateamofexplorersaboardaspeciallyrefittedC130Herculesaircraftheavilyloadedwithspecializedsensorequipment.Itdiscoveredthattheproblemwasworsethanexpectedwithanabundanceofplasticsmeasuringupto1.5macrossandatahigherdensitythanpreviouslythought.Theorganizationwillcontinuetopilotthearrayandwillstartcleaningthepilebeforetheendofthedecade.Oncetheplasticisout,whatshouldwedowithit?Thefoundation(基金会)hopesthattheplasticfromtheoceanwillhaveamercialvaluewhichcanhelptofundtheproject.Oceanplasticisnoteasytouse,it’smixedbynatureconsistingofeverythingfromintactPETbottlestomicroplastics.However,someoftheworld'sbiggestpaniesalsoseethechancetomarketoceansplasticproducts.Transformingtoday’splasticseconomyfromitspresentform(takemakewaste)toazerowastecirculareconomy(takemaketakemake)isadifficultchallenge.However,withcooperativeactionfromproducers,recyclers,governmentsandconsumersalikeandcontinuinginnovation(革新)itcanbedone.12.What’sBoyanSlat’sideaabout?A.Awaytocollectoceanplasticwaste.B.Anewproductmadeofoceanplastic.C.Amachinetorecycleplasticgarbage.D.Anorganizationtoresearchintoplastic.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“density”inParagraph4?A.Flexibility. B.Thickness.C.Width. D.Strength.14.Whatdosomebiggestpaniesexpectoftheoceanplastic?A.It’llbeturnedintotreasure. B.It’llsponsorthefoundation.C.It’llcooperatewiththegovernment. D.It’lltaketheformoftakemakewaste.15.Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A.Adiary. B.Aguidebook.C.Anovel. D.Amagazine【答案】12.A13.B14.A15.D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是现代塑料经济对海洋造成的危害，以及现在的治理方案。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段的ThepanyplanstousealargearraythatwillbefixedtothebottomofthePacificOcean.Thiswillhavearmsthatspreadoutover100km,gettingalloftheplasticgarbagepushedintoitsnets.(该公司计划用一个固定在太平洋底部的很大的列阵。这些列阵有可以伸长到100千米的手臂，能把所有的塑料垃圾都推到网里面)可知，BoyanSlat的想法是关于如何收集海洋里面的塑料垃圾。A.Awaytocollectoceanplasticwaste.(一个收集海洋塑料垃圾的方法)符合以上说法，故选A项。【13题详解】词义猜测题。根据第四段的Itdiscoveredthattheproblemwasworsethanexpectedwithanabundanceofplasticsmeasuringupto1.5macrossandatahigherdensitythanpreviouslythought.可知，它发现这个问题比预期的糟糕，因为垃圾的厚度高达1.5米，比之前想的density要高。根据句意，猜测划线部分的意思是“厚度”。B.Thickness.(厚度)符合以上猜测，故选B项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段的Thefoundation(基金会)hopesthattheplasticfromtheoceanwillhaveamercialvaluewhichcanhelptofundtheproject.(基金会希望来自海洋的塑料垃圾会有一个商业价值，它可以资助该项目)和However,someoftheworld’sbiggestpaniesalsoseethechancetomarketoceansplasticproducts.(然而一些世界级的大公司也看到了这个出售海洋塑料垃圾的机会)可知，一些世界级的大公司期待海洋塑料垃圾，是因为它有商业价值。A.It’llbeturnedintotreasure.(它会被变成值钱的东西)符合以上说法，故选A项。【15题详解】推理判断题。本篇文章讲述的是现代塑料经济对海洋造成的危害，以及现在的治理方案。由此推测，本文很有可能出现在和环保相关的杂志上。D.Amagazine(杂志)符合以上推测，故选D项。根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Areyouoneoftheincreasingnumberofstudentswhoarestrugglingforcollegeeducationonline?Followthesetipstohelpyoubeasuccessfulonlinelearner?Manystudentsassumethatonlineclassesrequirelessworkandareeasierthantraditionalclasses.___16___Arrangementaccordingtoclassscheduleisimportant.Logontoyourcourseaccordingtotherequiredschedule.Manageyourtimejustasyouwouldinatraditionalcourse.___17___Youmaynotbeabletoturninpapers,viewvideos,orparticipateingroupsifyoudon'thavethepropertechnology.MakesurethatyouhavetheproperInternetconnectionandsoftwareprogramsinstalled(安装).Duringclass,youareadvisedtobefocused.Readandpracticeeverything.___18___Don’trunthroughacourseskippingvideos,animations(动画),andungradedselfassessmentactivities.Befortablemunicatingthroughtext.Mostmunicationinanonlinecourseoccursthroughthewrittenword.Discussionboardposts,writtenassignments,andemailareallmonmodesofmunicationinonlinecourses.___19___Bepreparedtoreadandwritealotinonlinecourses.Remembertobeactive.Ifyouhavequestionsordon’tunderstandanassignment,tellyourinstructor.___20___Don’twaituntilafteryou’veturnedinanassignmenttolettheinstructorknowthatyouhavestruggled.Ifyouemailorcalltheinstructorbeforeanassignment,quiz,orexam,you’llpreventthestruggle,andavoidhavingyourgradesuffer.A.Gothrougheveryscreen.B.OnlineclassesrequirelessworkC.You’llunderstandtheinstructorbetter.D.Besureyouhavetherequiredsoftwareandhardware.E.Yourinstructorcanhelpyoubetterifyoutellhimorher.F.Inreality,they’redesignedjustasdemandingastraditionalcourses.G.Thisisdifferentfromtraditionalclasses,wherealotofmunicationisoral.【答案】16.F17.D18.A19.G20.E【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何成为一个成功的在线学习者提供了一些建议。【16题详解】上文Manystudentsassumethatonlineclassesrequirelessworkandareeasierthantraditionalclasses.(很多学生认为在线学习要求的工作更少，比传统课程更容易)与F.Inreality,they'redesignedjustasdemandingastraditionalcourses(事实上，它们和传统课程一样要求很高)承接自然，上下文构成明显的转折关系，traditionalclasses和traditionalcourses是关键词，故选F项。【17题详解】根据MakesurethatyouhavetheproperInternetconnectionandsoftwareprogramsinstalled(确保你有网络连接和安装了相应的软件程序)可知，本段主要讲述要有适当的网络和软件程序，D.Besureyouhavetherequiredsoftwareandhardware.(确保你有要求的软件和硬件)可以作为本段中心句，故选D项。18题详解】上文Duringclass,youareadvisedtobefocused.Readandpracticeeverything.(在上课期间，你应该集中注意力，阅读和练习每一个知识)与A.Gothrougheveryscreen.(浏览每一个视频)承接自然，上下文都是关于上网课要集中注意力，不要错过任何一个环节，everything和everyscreen是关键词，故选A项。【19题详解】上文Discussionboardposts,writtenassignments,andemailareallmonmodesofmunicationinonlinecourses.(讨论版帖子、书面作业和电子邮件都是在线课程中常见的交流方式)与G.Thisisdifferentfromtraditionalclasses,wherealotofmunicationisoral.(这与传统课堂不同，传统课堂上很多交流都是口头上的)承接自然，选项中的this指代上文所说的几种在线课程交流方式，munication是关键词，故选G项。【20题详解】上文Ifyouhavequestionsordon’tunderstandanassignment,tellyourinstructor.(如果你有问题或不理解作业，告诉你的老师)与E.Yourinstructorcanhelpyoubetterifyoutellhimorher.(如果你告诉她/他，你的指导老师可以更好地帮助你)承接自然，instructor是关键词，故选E项。第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给出的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。OnaDecembermorningin1951,MalonelefthishomeindowntownSt.John’sinNewfoundland,tobuysomebutterforhismother.Whenhe____21____thecornertoCentralStreet,hesaw____22____ingfromoneofhisthreestoreyhouses.Awomanatitswindow____23____,“Savethechildren!Savethechildren!”Malone____24____towardtheburninghouse,throughthefrontdoorandupaflightof____25____,wherehefoundafiveyearoldgirl.“Igrabbed(抓住)thechild,”hesays,“butshe____26____,‘No,no,mysister!You’vegottogetmysister!’”Malone____27____feltpelled(必须)tocrossthehallandchecktheotherbedroom.Hereachedunderthebedandfoundthegirl’s____28____,silentthreeyearold____29____.Asthe______30______intensified(增强),Malonecarriedthechildrensafelyouttothestreetandthewaitingpeople.Thenhe______31______pushedoff—hewaslatefor______32______thebutterforhismom!Overtheyears,Malonethoughtaboutthefireandthechildrenhehad______33______andwonderedwhathadhappenedtothegirls.Maloneandhiswife,Liz,spentfour______34______inOntariountillastOctober,whenthey______35______toNewfoundland.ThecouplesettledinConceptionBaySouth,30kilometersfromSt.John’s,inahouse______36______thewater.Shortlyaftertheymovedin,twooftheirnewneighbors______37______withahousewarming______38______—frozencodandsaltfish.MaloneandLizinvitedFowlerandherhusbandinfora______39______,whichishowMaloneandFowler,whoarebothintheirseventies,______40______aconnection.21.A.made B.got C.turned D.cut22.A.fog B.smoke C.steam D.water23.A.spoke B.whistled C.whispered D.yelled24.A.raced B.drove C.flew D.jogged25.A.roads B.stairs C.streams D.mountains26.A.screamed B.relieved C.plained D.interrupted27.A.temporarily B.originally C.properly D.suddenly28.A.disappointed B.excited C.frightened D.calmed29.A.sister B.baby C.cousin D.neighbor30.A.sense B.flames C.relationship D.abilities31.A.sympathetically B.selflessly C.roughly D.regretfully32.A.lightingup B.takingup C.holdingup D.pickingup33.A.met B.rescued C.raised D.recalled34.A.years B.stages C.decades D.months35.A.returned B.left C.immigrated D.contributed36.A.storing B.obtaining C.refreshing D.overlooking37.A.stoppedby B.passedby C.stoodby D.putby38.A.party B.part C.image D.gift39.A.ball B.check C.chat D.match40.A.lost B.discovered C.advocated D.created【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.B26.A27.D28.C29.A30.B31.C32.D33.B34.C35.A36.D37.A38.D39.C40.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了Malone几十年前在给母亲买黄油的时候突遇大火并成功救出两个孩子，多年之后再次回到儿时住处见到了两个“新邻居”并建立了失散多年的联系。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当拐过中央大街的弯时，他看到浓烟从他家三层房中的一个冒出。A.made制作；B.got得到；C.turned转；D.cut切。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语turnacorner“拐弯”，故选C项。22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.fog雾；B.smoke烟；C.steam水蒸气；D.water水。根据下文的Malone____4____towardtheburninghouse可知，房子着火了，故此处用“烟”符合语境和逻辑，故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在窗户边上的女人大声叫喊到：“救救孩子！救救孩子！”A.spoke讲话；B.whistled吹口哨；C.whispered轻声说；D.yelled大叫。根据下文的Savethechildren!Savethechildren!可知，此处用“大叫”符合语境，故选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Malone跑向正在燃烧的房子，穿过前门，迅速爬上楼梯，在那儿他发现了一个五岁的小女孩。A.raced跑；B.drove开车；C.flew飞；D.jogged慢跑。结合上下文可知，此处用“跑”表示当时的情况很危急，故选A项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.roads路；B.stairs楼梯；C.streams溪流；D.mountains山。根据上文的oneofhisthreestoreyhouses.可知，此处用“楼梯”符合语境，故选B项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我抓住了这个孩子”他说“但是，她尖叫说‘不，不，我的妹妹！你要救我的妹妹！’”。A.screamed尖叫；B.relieved缓解；C.plained抱怨；D.interrupted打断。根据下文的No,no,mysister!You‘’vegottogetmysister!可知，此处用“尖叫”符合语境，能够表现出小女孩担心自己的妹妹，故选A项。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Malone突然感觉到必须去检查一下其他房间有没有人。A.temporarily暂时；B.originally最初；C.properly适当地；D.suddenly突然。结合上下文可知，此处是指听了小女孩说自己的妹妹还在里面，Malone突然有了要查看其它地方有没有人的想法，故选D项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他伸手到床底下，发现了这个女孩受到惊吓沉默不语的妹妹。A.disappointed失望的；B.excited兴奋的；C.frightened害怕的；D.calmed冷静的。结合常识可知，小孩在那种情况下都会害怕得连话都说不出，故选C项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.sister妹妹；B.baby婴儿；C.cousin表妹；D.neighbor邻居。根据上文的You’vegottogetmysister!可知，此处用“妹妹”符合语境，sister是原词复现，故选A项。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着火焰flames越发强烈，Malone赶紧把俩孩子救了出来，带到街上的人群中。A.sense感觉；B.flames火焰；C.relationship关系；D.abilities能力。根据上文的Malone____4____towardtheburninghouse可知此处用“火焰”符合语境，故选B项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后他飞快地转身离开——因为他给妈妈买黄油已经迟到了。A.sympathetically同情地；B.selflessly无私地；C.roughly粗暴地；D.regretfully遗憾地。根据下文的hewaslatefor____12____thebutterforhismom!可知，此处用“快速离开”符合语境，选项中roughly“粗暴地”可以表达此意，故选C项。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：同上。A.lightingup照亮；B.takingup占据，从事；C.holdingup举起；D.pickingup买。根据上文的MalonelefthishomeindowntownSt.John’sinNewfoundland,tobuysomebutterforhismother.可知，此处用“买”符合语境，pickup和buy是同义词复现，故选D项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多年后Malone想起了那场火和他曾经救的那个孩子，想知道那个小女孩怎么样了。A.met遇见；B.rescued营救；C.raised举起，养；D.recalled回忆起。根据上文的Savethechildren!Savethechildren和Malonecarriedthechildrensafelyouttothestreetandthewaitingpeople.可知，此处用“营救”符合语境，rescue和save是同义词复现，故选B项。【34题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Malone和他的妻子在安大略住了四十多年，去年十月他们返回了Newfoundland。A.years几年；B.stages阶段；C.decades几十年；D.months几个月。根据上文的OnaDecembermorningin1951,MalonelefthishomeindowntownSt.John’sinNewfoundland,可知，此处用“40年”符合语境，故选C项。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.returned返回；B.left离开；C.immigrated移民；D.contributed贡献。根据上文的OnaDecembermorningin1951,MalonelefthishomeindowntownSt.John'sinNewfoundland,可知Malone的家乡在Newfoundland可知，此处用“返回Newfoundland”符合语境，故选A项。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：夫妻两在ConceptionBaySouth安定下来，这个地方离圣约翰有30公里远，现在定居的房子可以俯瞰湖水。A.storing储存；B.obtaining获得；C.refreshing使……清醒；D.overlooking俯瞰。根据上文的ConceptionBaySouth可知，他们现在定居的地方有湖，故推测他们住的房子可以俯瞰湖水，故选D项。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们搬进来没多久，两个新邻居来拜访，带来了乔迁礼物——冻鳕鱼和腌鱼。A.stoppedby顺便拜访；B.passedby经过；C.stoodby支持，袖手旁观；D.putby把……放在一边。根据文化常识可知，一般新到的邻居都会去拜访周围的邻居，故选A项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.party派对；B.part部分；C.image形象；D.gift礼物。根据下文的frozencodandsaltfish.可知，此处用“礼物”符合语境，故选D项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Malone和妻子邀请Fowler和她的丈夫进来闲聊，这就是他们如何发现Malone和Fowler，他们都70多岁，有一个联系。A.ball跳舞；B.check检查；C.chat闲聊；D.match比赛。结合上下文可知，此处是指夫妇邀请邻居进屋闲聊，故选C项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A.lost丢失；B.discovered发现；C.advocated倡导；D.created创造。结合上下文可知，此处是指在聊天时，Malone和Fowler发现原来他们通过那场火灾建立了联系，故选B项。【点睛】解决完形填空的方法之一是利用复现原则，包括原词复现，同义词复现，反义词复现等。本篇有几处使用了复现原则，例如：第9小题的答案sister是上文You’vegottogetmysister!的原词第13小题答案rescue是上文Savethechildren!Savethechildren中save的同义词复现第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面的材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。I’venoticedmanypeoplehavingacold,andit'snotevenofficiallyfallyet.Whydoesthecoldoccurmorefrequentlyduringthefallandwinter___41___(month)?It’sactuallynotthecoldweather____42____(it)thatcausesthecold.Butrather,itismostlikelytobecausedbypeoplespending___43___(much)timeindoorsclosetoeachother,makingthespreadofgerms(微生物)morereadily.Thisisanotherreason___44___childrenindaycareorschoolaremorelikelytopickupthecold.WhenIworkedinadoctor’sclinicafewyearsback,itwasoneofthe____45____(lead)reasonstovisitthedoctorinfallandwinter.1billionpeoplesufferfromthecoldeachyear.Asaresult,school____46____(absent)isfrequentlyreported,witharound22milliondaysannually.Howcanyouavoidgettingacold?Amongthemonly___47___(recognize)tips,washingyourhandsis____48____mostimportantone.Thecoldisspreadeitherbydirectlytouchinginfected(受感染的)secretions(分泌物),orbytaking____49____theairborneparticles(悬浮粒子).Also,coldandfluvirusesgetintothebodyviatheeyes,noses,ormouth.So,______50______(try)toavoidtouchingyourface,especiallywithoutfirstwashingyourhands.【答案】41.months42.itself43.more44.why45.leading46.absence47.recognized48.the49.in50.try【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了很多人还没到秋季就感冒的原因，也建议了一些方法来避免感冒。【41题详解】考查名词的数。此处应用名词作为介词during的宾语，根据fallandwinter可知，应用month的复数形式，故填months。【42题详解】考查代词。句意：事实上并不是寒冷的天气本身造成了感冒。根据句意可知，此处应用反身代词作为weather的同位语，故填itself。43题详解】考查比较级。根据下文的morereadily判断，此处意为“花更多时间呆在室内”，应用比较级，故填more。【44题详解】考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句关系词，先行词reason在从句中充当原因状语，应用关系副词why，故填why。45题详解】考查形容词。此处应用形容词leading“主要的”修饰名词reason，故填leading。【46题详解】考查名词。此处应用名词作为句子主语，故填absence。【47题详解】考查形容词。此处应用形容词recognized“公认的，经过验证的”修饰名词tips，故填recognized。【48题详解】考查冠词。此处应填定冠词，和most构成最高级，故填the。【49题详解】考查介词。此处考查短语takein“吸收”，故填in。【50题详解】考查谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是句子谓语动词，且是祈使句，应用动词原形，故填try。【点睛】第4小题考查定语从句关系词。确定定语从句关系词一般分为三步：找出先行词；分析先行词在从句中充当什么成分；考虑特殊情况。以本题为例：找出先行词：reason分析先行词在从句充当什么成分：先行词reason在从句childrenindaycareorschoolaremorelikelyto