高考英语复习-第二部分-知识运用篇-专题3-完形填空市赛课公开课一等奖省名师获奖课件

专题三完形填空知识利用篇第二部分1/40考纲导续完形填空不但要求考生含有扎实英语基础知识，还要具备较高综合了解和语言利用能力。文章体裁主要包含：1．记叙文；2.夹叙夹议；3.议论文；4.说明文。2/40考情回顾应试策略解题流程命题规律3/40近几年高考(全国卷)完形填空考查情况以下：年份数量类别～，全国卷完形填空考点统计考点总计全国Ⅰ全国Ⅱ全国Ⅰ全国Ⅱ全国Ⅲ全国Ⅰ全国Ⅱ全国Ⅲ体裁记叙文夹叙夹议文记叙文夹叙夹议文记叙文记叙文记叙文记叙文4/40分布情况动词(短语)667561191060形容词3446443432副词3313210013名词/代词7654748647介词000200002连词1030100055/401．选材特点高考完形填空以记叙文和夹叙夹议为主，说明文、议论文考查较少。文章内容多以记人、叙事为主，其主要话题包括励志故事、人物传记和新闻报道等。大都有主动正面教育意义且含有些人物心理改变，提供正能量，给人以人生启迪或是充满了生活情趣和人生感悟。2．设空特点(1)完形填空首句普通不设空。经过首句这一“窗口”，考生能够确定文章话题、主题、背景、人物、时间、地点、事件等，从而把握文章发展方向。6/40(2)以考查实词为主。近几年完形填空主要考查名词、动词(短语)、形容词、副词等实词，兼顾连词、介词考查。(3)以语境分析为主。大部分题目需从上下文甚至全文角度考虑作出判断，表达了“突出语篇”命题格调，要求考生依据语境从层次结构和逻辑关系角度选择最正确答案。(4)表达关键语法和常识考查。个别题目要求考生对句子结构做出准确判断，有时还要借助常识和一些背景知识(如英语文化和风俗习惯等)处理问题。7/40(1)通读全文，把握主旨。在速读全文过程中要重视首句、首段信息，注意找出文章关键词、中心词、画出一些代表人物和情节词句，理清“情节线”和“情感线”，形成对整篇文章概貌了解。(2)上下求索，先易后难。完形填空设题通常分为句内、句组和语篇三个层次，做题时先易后难，碰到没有把握题目时，可暂时跳过空格，顺着原来思绪推进，等到大部分空格选出答案后，借助已补全信息，回头扫除“最牛钉子户”。(3)复读全文，微调答案。做完题后，把填好短文通读一遍，看看有没有显著语法错误和逻辑冲突，必要时加以更正。8/409/40分类例析10/40 (·全国卷Ⅲ)WhenIwas13myonlypurposewastobecomethestaronourfootballteam.Thatmeant____21____MillerKing,whowasthebest____22____atourschool.FootballseasonstartedinSeptemberandallsummerlongIworkedout.Icarriedmyfootballeverywherefor____23____.[解题思绪]依据首句，可知文章讲述是作者想成为学校足球队明星球员。围绕该主题，才能确保答案正确。21．A.cheeringfor B．beatingoutC．relyingon D．stayingwith11/40解析：文章首句“WhenIwas13myonlypurposewastobecomethestaronourfootballteam”提到，我13岁时唯一目标就是成为学校足球队明星。结合下文“MillerKing，whowasthebest”可推断出MillerKing是我们学校最出众足球运动员(player)，而实现我目标就意味着打败(beatingout)他。要打败他就要练习(practice)。12/4022．A.coach B．studentC．teacher D．player解析：参见上题解析。23．A.practice B．showC．comfort D．pleasure解析：依据上文“allsummerlongIworkedout”可知，此处表示我到哪里都带着足球练习。尝试解答：______________________21.B

22.D

23.A13/402．利用上下文暗示解题在做完形填空题时要有整体观念，连贯性思维，要把每小题空白处含义与前后句联络起来，进行合乎逻辑地推理。所谓上下文，可能是紧挨着两句话，也可能是开头题目在尾段查找到信息；还可能是中间或最终试题从上下文查到信息，信息常见有词、短语、句子，但有时是语境暗示。14/40 (·全国Ⅰ卷)Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis__41.searching__processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmy____42____atcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手语)．Ineverfeltanurgeto____43____anysignlanguagebefore.Myentirefamilyishearing,andsoareallmyfriends.The____44____languageswereenoughinallmyinteractions(交往)．LittledidIknowthatIwoulddiscovermy__45.(love)__forASL.42．A.progress B．experienceC．major D．opinion15/40解析：依据下文内容可知，作者发觉了把自己大学经历(experience)变得更美好东西。progress“进步”；major“专业”；opinion“意见，想法，看法”。16/4043．A.choose B．readC．learn D．create解析：以前，作者从没感觉到(自己)有学习(learn)任何手语强烈欲望。choose“选择”；create“创造”。44．A.official B．foreignC．body D．spoken解析：依据上文中“Myentirefamilyishearing，andsoareallmyfriends”及下文中“languageswereenoughinallmyinteractions(交往)”可知，口语对作者全部(社会)交往来说已经足够了。spokenlanguage“口语”符合语境。official“正式，官方”。尝试解答：______________________42.B

43.C

44.D17/40 (·北京高考)AhugesnowstormhitonFebruary1.AmushernamedKaasenhadtobravethisstorm.Atonepoint,hugepilesofsnowblockedhis____50____.Hehadtoleavethetrail(雪橇痕迹)togetaroundthem.Conditionsweresobadthatitwasimpossibleforhimto____51____thetrailagain.TheonlyhopewasBalto,Kaasen'sleaddog.Baltoputhisnosetotheground,____52____tofindthesmellofotherdogsthathadtraveledonthetrail.IfBaltofailed,itwouldmeandisasterfor....50．A.memory B．exitC．way

D．destination解析：结合上文“hugepilesofsnowblocked”和下文“Hehadtoleave...getaroundthem”可判断应选C，表示大堆雪把他道路阻断了。18/4051．A.find

B．fix

C．pass

D．change解析：依据上文“leavethetrail(雪橇痕迹)”可知，这里选A表示“找到”，指环境是如此糟糕以至于再次找到雪橇痕迹对他来说是不可能。52．A.pretending B．tryingC．asking D．learning解析：依据语境，这里用trytodo表示“试图做某事”，指Balto试图嗅出其它狗气味。尝试解答：___________________50.C

51.A

52.B19/40 (·重庆高考)WhenAlicewassixteen，Iwastheonewhowantedtorunawayfromhome.Itwas____16____toseethechangescomingoverher.Sheskippedschool，andrefusedtocommunicate.Itriedbeingfirm，butitdidn't____17____.Isawadarkfutureformyoncesweetdaughter.16．A.pleasant B．painfulC．unwise D．inspiring解析：空前面一句说作者想要离家出走，空后面详细交代了作者想离家出走原因是16岁女儿逃学、不与人沟通，面对女儿这么改变母亲当然应该是非常痛苦(painful)。pleasant令人愉快；unwise不明智；inspiring鼓舞人心。20/4017．A.remain B．matchC．appear D．work解析：it是指前文Itriedbeingfirm，此处意思是说作者试着态度果断些，不过无济于事，此处work意为“有效”。remain保持；match匹配；appear出现。尝试解答：_____________________16.B

17.D21/403．利用词义复现解题词义复现，不不过同一个词，同义词、反义词、近义词都可能成为这种类型题目标解题关键点，不过这些词可能隐藏比较深；上文可能暗示下文答案，下文可能暗示上文答案，甚至上下文信息相隔较远，所以要注意集中寻找这些暗示信息。22/40 (·全国Ⅰ卷)Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife,collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis____41____processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmyexperienceatcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手语)．41．A.searching B．planningC．natural D．formal23/40解析：同义复现题。依据上文中“Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife”关键词“explore”及下文内容可知，此处指作者在大学经过学习美式手语经历了探索(searching)过程。planning“计划制订”；natural“自然”；formal“正式”。尝试解答：________41.A24/40 (·四川高考)ButLaineytookonelookatit，__43(rolled)__hereyes,andsaid,“Borrrring！”AuntDede,ateacher,hadreadthebooktoherstudents,andtheylovedit.__44(Even)__theyoungestchildrenintheclasswere__45(attracted)__bythestory.They__46(listened)__withgreatinterestandthen__47(enthusiastically)__joinedingrandconversationsaboutHarry'sadventures.“Howcanyousayit's____48____？Haveyoureadit?”askedAuntDede.48．A.amazing B．boringC．ridiculous D．conversations25/40解析：原词复现题。Lainey对哈利·波特故事不感兴趣，且第一段中Lainey说“Borrrring”也是提醒，所以此处用形容词boring。尝试解答：________48.B26/40 ItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNorthAlaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.Onthe20thofthatmonth,Dr.Welch__36(examined)__asickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlyinfectious(传染)diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbe__37(helpless)__ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.__38(However)__，theclosestsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.HowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?Thetown's__39(harbor)__wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn'tcomebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn'ttravelonthe____40____roads.Jetairplanesandbigtrucksdidn'texistyet.27/4040．A.narrow B．snowyC．busy D．dirty解析：原词原现题。依据语境和上文“fullofice”可知，这里说是汽车和马不能在被雪覆盖道路上行进，所以选B表示“被雪覆盖”。尝试解答：________40.B28/40 (·陕西高考)Iwas____27____todoit.Atagefive，thisdulltaskbroughtmesuch__28(joy)__.Iwouldexcitedlyturnthetap__29(on)__andbrushthecombcarefully.SatisfiedthatI'ddoneagoodjob，IwouldhappilyreturnthecombtoDad.27．A.annoyed B．relievedC．ashamed D．pleased解析：近义词复现题。联络空后excitedly以及Satisfied可知，“我”很愿意干这个活儿，所以选pleased(高兴)。annoyed生气，relieved如释重负，ashamed惭愧，均不符合语境。尝试解答：________27.D29/40 (·北京高考)Theywouldhavethemedicinesentby____44____fromAnchoragetoNenana.Fromthere,dogsled(狗拉雪橇)drivers—knownas“mushers”—would__45(carry)__ittoNomeinarelay(接力)．TheracebeganonJanuary27.Thefirstmusher,Shannon,pickedupthemedicinefromthetrainatNenanaandrodeallnight.44．A.air B．railC．sea D．road解析：同义词复现题。后文from＋the＋trainatNenana与该空复现。尝试解答：________44.B30/404．利用行文逻辑解题逻辑关系语指表示各种逻辑意义连接成份，主要有：(1)词(包含连词、副词和少数介词)，如and，but，or，because，though，however，yet，therefore，otherwise，despite等。(2)短语，如inotherwords，inaddition，asaresult，onthecontrary，insteadof等。(3)分句和独立结构，如thatistosay，whatismore，generallyspeaking等。在解题时要充分利用这些逻辑关系语，找到与文中一些词、短语有亲密关系选项。31/40 (·四川高考)Laineyfinishedthirdgrade.Shehadgoodgradesandcouldread____41____gradelevel,butshedidnotliketoread.Onafamilycartrip,herAuntDedepulledoutacopyofHarry

Potter,asasurpriseforher____42____.ButLaineytookonelookatit,____43____hereyes,andsaid,“Borrrring！”41．A.within B．onC．to D．above解析：依据句中“Shehadgoodgrades”以及“butshedidnotliketoread”可知，Lainey阅读能力已经超出三年级水平了，但问题是她不愿意阅读。依据语境可知，此处用介词above，意为“(能力、水平等)高于，胜过”。32/4042．A.daughter B．nieceC．student D．friend解析：依据该句中关键信息“herAuntDede”可知，空格处用niece，意为“外甥女，侄女”。43．A.opened B．driedC．rolled D．shaded解析：rollone'seyes意为“翻白眼”，该短语符合语境，因为Lainey不喜欢阅读。尝试解答：____________________41.D

42.B

43.C33/405．利用固定搭配，生活文化常识解题 (·全国卷Ⅱ)Thisledtosome____26____experiencesonSaturdayastheyplayedagainstteams__27(better)__trained.Throughthefirsttwogames，her__28(team)__didnotgetoneseriousshotongoal.26．A.painful B．strangeC．common D．practical解析：此题属因果关系。结合上下文可知，她们周末反抗球队是一些受过更加好训练强队，所以这给她们带来必定是一些痛苦(painful)经历。strange奇怪，common普通，practical实际，均与语境不符。尝试解答：________26.A34/40 (·天津高考)Twoyearsago,whileCathywaswatchingtheOlympics,adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer.Lastsummer,shewantedto__18.join__outlocalswimteam.Shepracticedhardandfinally____19____it.19．A.increased B．foundC．created D．made解析：依据下文内容可知，此处指女儿最终成功地加入了游泳队。makeit表示“取得成功”，为固定使用方法。尝试解答：________19.D35/40 (·天津高考)Oneagent____17____ahouseinparticular.Althoughherdescriptionsoundedwonderful,thepricewas____18____ourrange,sowedeclined.Butshekepturgingustohavealook__19(atleast)__.17.A．recommended B．decorate