湖南省部分学校2023-2024学年高一上学期期末联考英语试题（原卷版）

英语注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Daydreaming.B.Makingatravelplan.C.Describingherdreamjob.2.Whosespiritisworthylearningaccordingtotheman’swords?A.Thewoman’s.B.Theman’s.C.Sam’s.3Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theman’suncle.B.Ananimal.C.Agoodluck.4.Whatdoesthewomandislike?A.Thesoupmadebyhermother.B.Thefriedricemadebyhermother.C.Thedumplingsmadebyherfather.5.WhatdoesthemarlwantLilytodo?A.Finishanartassignment.B.MakeacardforMary.C.Prepareforanexam.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthephone.B.Atthecinema.C.Inacar.7.Whatkindofmoviedothespeakersdecidetosee?A.Anactionmovie.B.Acartoonmovie.C.Aedy.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Brotherandsister.B.Auntandnephew.C.Motherandson.9.Howoldistheman’smothernow?A.55yearsold.B.56yearsold.C.57yearsold.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydoesthewomandothepresentjob?A.Shelivesnearherworkplace.B.Herpanypaysverywell.C.Shecanlearnsomeskills.11.Whichstrangejobdoesthewomanprefer?A.Ahoteltestsleeper.B.Anicecreamtaster.C.Adogfoodtaster.12.Howmanystrangejobsdoesthemanmention?A.Four.B.Five.C.Six.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdidthewomandowiththethief?A.Shepretendednottoseehim.B.Shefoughtwithhim.C.Shedidasheasked.14.Whatdidthethiefsteal?A.Anecklace.B.Somemoney.C.Nothing.15.Whatdoesthemanadvisethewomantodo?A.Fitahomealarmsystem.B.Callthepolice.C.Keepadog.16.Whatdoesthemansayaboutthewoman?A.Sheispuzzled.B.Sheisbrave.C.Sheisfrightened.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.WheredidGeorgeparkhiscar?A.Atasquare.B.Ataparkinglot.C.Onanarrowstreet.18.Whatwasthetimewhenhegotoutofhiscar?A.At4:20pm.B.At4:40pm.C.At5:00pm.19.WheredidGeorgeputhiskeys?AInhispocket.B.Inhiscar.C.Onthebench.20.WhywasGeorgeunabletoseehiscaratfirst?A.Someonestoleit.B.Itwasbehindanothercar.C.Hewenttoawrongplace.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AParis,thecapitalofFrance,hassomeattractivebridges.ThesearefourofthemostbeautifulbridgesinParis:someiniconic(标志性的)placesyou’veseeninthemovies,andothersinquietplacesthatyou’lldelightindiscovering.PontdesArtsConnectingtheLouvreMuseumtotheInstitutdeFrance,thePontdesArts,firstbuiltbyNapoleonBonapartein1804andreconstructedinthe1970s,isabridgeonlyforpeoplewalkingthatisbelovedbytouristsandlocalsalike.Inthespringandsummermonths,ParisiansandvisitorsehereforlazypicnicsoverlookingtheSeine.PontMarleThislovelybutlittleknownbridgeisagatewaybetweentheMaraisdistrictontherightbankandanaturalislandontheSeineRiver.Thecurrentstonestructuredatestoaround1670followingafireonitswoodenstructurethatdestroyedmuchoftheoriginalbridgeandthehousesthatoncestoodonit.Ithasremainedmuchthesamesincethe18thcentury,makingitoneofParis’oldestbridges.PontAlexandreⅢThePontAlexandreⅢisprobablythemostattractiveofParis’manybridges.Builtbetween1896and1900,itconnectsthedesInvalideswiththegardensofthePetitPalais.It’safterdarkthatyoucanbestappreciateitsdelicatestatuesandotherdecorativeelements.PontNeufFirstbuiltin1578byKingHenryⅢ,PontNeufhasseennumerousreconstructionsandchangesoverthecenturies.ButitconservesitsRomaninspiredarch(拱形)structures.Thisisalovelybridgethatofferseasyandpicturesqueaccesstotheleftandrightbank.Havesomeicecream,explorethelovelyriversidepathsandenjoyviewsofNotreDameCathedral.1.WhatisspecialaboutthePontdesArts?A.Ithasbeenrebuiltmanytimes. B.ItisoneofParis’oldestbridges.C.Itisabridgeonlyforpeoplewalking. D.ItisthemostattractivebridgeinParis.2.Whichistheoldestamongthefourbridges?A.PontdesArts. B.PontMarie.C.PontAlexandreⅢ D.PontNeuf.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Anewsreport. D.Abookreview.BEverydayJuanitaMengel,a67yearoldwomanfromthestateofOhio,wakesupandputsonherprosthetic(假体)leg.Then,MengeldoesthesameforLolaPearl,herfiveyearoldcat.LolaPearlalsomissedherbackleftleg.Mengelhasmanycats.Mostofthemhavedisabilities.ButLolaPearlisspecial.Sheisatherapy(治疗)cat.And,sheandMengelarepartnersofakind.Theyareamong200therapycatteamsregisteredintheUnitedStatesbythenonprofitgroup,PetPartners.Thegrouphelpshumansandpetsalikebysettingthemupintoteamstoprovideanimalassisted(帮助)therapy.Theteamsvisithospitals,nursinghomesandschoolsandassistthoseinneed.Besidesdogsandcats,PetPartnersregistersotherspeciesastherapyanimals,includinghorses,rabbits,rats,guineapigs,birdsandminipigs.TaylorGriffinisnationaldirectoratPetPartners.Shesaid,“Therapyanimalsareanimalswho’vebeengaugedwhethertheyaresuitableforassistingsomepeople,andarebasedontheirabilitytomeetnewpeopleandenjoytheprocess.”MengelsaidLolaPearlshowedsignsthatshewouldmakeagoodtherapycatsoonaftertheanimaljoinedherfamily.“Ijustknewshewouldbeagoodtherapybecauseshewassogoodwithpeople.Peoplereallywereattractedtoher,too,”Mengelsaid.Mengelwasatravelingnursewhenshewasinacaraccidentthatalmostkilledher.Oneofherlegscouldnotbesaved.Later,sheconnectedwithafriendinthestateofMissouriwhohadaseverelyinjuredkitten.Thecat’slegsweretwistedtogether.Ananimalmedicalspecialistworkedtorepairthedamage,butintheend,theyhadtoremoveoneofthebabycat’slegs.ThatkittenwasLolaPearl.MengeltookLolaPearlashercataftertalkingwithherfriend.DespitethedifficultiesMengelhasfaced,sheisgratefultoLolaPearlandtheirworkinPetPartners.“It’sareallyrewardingexperience,”shesaid.“IgetjustasmuchoutofitasthepeoplethatIvisit.”4.WhatcanweknowaboutPetPartners?A.Itmainlyprovidesanimalassistedtherapy. B.ItisanonprofitgroupfoundedbyTaylorGriffin.C.Itonlyoffershelptopatientsinhospitals. D.Itdoesn’tregisterbirdsastherapyanimals.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gauged”meaninparagraph4?A.Guessed. B.Designed. C.Explained. D.Measured.6.HowdidJuanitaMengelgettoknowLolaPearl?A.ByworkinginPetPartners. B.Throughoneofherfriends.C.ByrepairingLolaPearl’sleg. D.ThroughmovingtoMissouri.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeJuanitaMengel?A.Optimisticandhelpful. B.Proudandhumorous.C.Talkativeandthoughtful. D.Honestandtalented.CRhoughtemperaturerecordsfromDecemberhaveyettobefinalized,climatescientistsattheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationhavefoundthere’samorethan99%chancethat2023willhavethehottestrecordedglobalaveragetemperature,beatingout2016,thepreviousleader.Theyearwillbethehottestin174yearsofsecondkeepingwherehumanshavedirectlymeasuredthetemperatureoftheplanet.It’salsolikelytobethehottestinthelast125,000years,whichscientistsmeasurebyrebuildingtemperaturerecordsfromphysicalevidenceliketreeringsandlayersofpolaricethathavegrownovertime.TherecordbreakingyearcausedfuelclimatedrivendisastersaroundtheglobefromextremeheatthathitArizonaforweekstofloodsinLibyaandrecordhotoceansthatcausedcoraltobleach(变白)offFlorida.Scientistssaytheextremetemperaturesareinlinewithforecasts(预测)forhowtheplanetwillcontinuetowarm.Thebiggestdriveroftheheatisthebuildupofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere(大气层)fromburningfossilfuels(化石燃料).“Weknowwhythisishappening,”saysZekeHausfather,climatescientistatBerkeleyEarth,anonprofitorganizationthatstudiesclimatetrends.“Ayearlikethiswouldnothaveoccurredwithoutthetrilliontonsofcarbonwe’veputintotheatmosphereoverthelastcentury.”Evenwiththecharttoppingheatthisyear,nextyearcouldbeequallyashot.AstrongElNinohasalreadybegun,whereoceantemperatureswarmupintheeasternPacific.ElNinoyearsaretypicallyhotter,becausealargeamountofheatthat’sstoredintheoceanissenttotheatmosphere.“There’sabsolutelystilltimetoact,”anexpertsays.“Everythingwedotochangecoursetodaywillmakethingsbetterinthefuture.”8.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph1?A.2016islikelytohavethehottestglobaltemperature.B.Thetemperaturerecordsof2023havebeenfinished.C.Humansbegantodirectlymeasureglobaltemperature174yearsago.D.Treeringsarebadforrecordingtemperature.9.Whatisthemainreasonfortherecordbreakingheat?A.Thelackoffossilfuels. B.Theincreaseofgreenhousegases.C.Coralsbleachedintheocean. D.Driversputtingmuchwasteintotheair.10.Whycouldthenextyearbeequallyhotaccordingtothetext?AElNiñotendstocooldowntheatmosphere.B.OceanpollutionleadstoawarmingPacific.C.AstrongElNiñohasbeguninthewesternPacific.D.Alotofheatstoredintheoceangoesintotheatmosphere.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.2023HasSufferedfromaStrongElNinoB.2023MayBetheHottestYearonRecordC.ClimatedrivenDisastersInfluenceDailyLifeD.TheOceanPlaysaKeyRoleinCoolingEarthDSusanRingwoodgreetsallguestswithasimpleinvitation:tojoinherinswimmingincoldwaterintheswimmingpool.Herofferisn’tlimitedtothesummermonths,either.RingwoodandherhusbandGaryswimincoldwaterintheswimmingpoolallyearround.“Tome,it’snotjustaboutswimming.It’sauniqueexperience,”shesays.Ringwoodsimplycallsherhobby“swimming”,butsomewinterfanshavebeguntopromotecoldwaterswimmingasatreatmenttoavarietyofdiseases.Whilecoldwaterswimmingisanewfoundpassion,scientistssaythatthere’snotmuchevidencesupportingtheclaimsofthesehealthbenefits.Noristheactivitywithoutrisk.“Extremetemperaturechangescanpotentiallycauseheartattacks,evendeath,”saysFrancoisHaman,ascientistattheUniversityofOttawainCanada.Whenyourbodymeetscoldwater,itcanbeshocking.Scientistscallthisthe“coldshock”response(反应).Whenyourskinsensesthefreezingwater,itcausesyoutotakeaquickdeepbreathforairandyourheartratetorisequicklytoaveryhighlevel,whichleadstoanincreaseinheartrateandbloodpressure.Hamansaysthatbeingincoldwaterismoredangerousthanincoldair.Waterconductsheatmuchmoreeffectivelythanair,meaningthatitcandrawtheheatfromyourbodymorequicklyandefficiently.Forthosenewtothesport,Hamansuggestsstartingslowly,gettingusedtocolderwaterduringthefall,especiallypayingattentiontosafety.Accordingtosupporters,coldwaterswimmingcanimprovehealthandimmunity(免疫力),andhelprelievepain.Butwhilethereissomepreviousscientificresearchtobackuptheseclaims,DenisBlondin,aprofessorattheUniversityofSherbrookeinQuebec,saysthatmanyofthesestudiesincludedonlyasmallnumberofpeopletakingpartinsurveywhoweremainlyyoungmenfromEuropeancountries,whichlimitswhatscientistscansaymorebroadlyandinotherpopulations.12.WhydoestheauthortellRingwood’sstory?A.Toattractvisitorstoswimming. B.TocallongueststojoinRingwood.C.Tostressthebenefitsofswimming. D.Tointroducethetopicofcoldwaterswimming.13.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.The“coldshock”responseisn’tunmon.B.Swimmingincoldwatercanbeadangerforsomereason.C.Heartrateandbloodpressuretendtoincreaseinwinter.D.Somepreparationscanbemadebeforeacoldwaterswim.14.WhatmightHamanagreewithaccordingtothetext?A.Thehealthbenefitsofcoldwaterswimmingshouldbeshowed.B.Extremetemperaturechangesaredangerousbutnotdeadly.C.Stayingincoldairislessdangerousthanincoldwater.D.Coldwaterswimmingisn’tsuitableforthosenewtothesport.15.WhatisBlondin’sattitudetopreviousresearch?A.Doubtful. B.Uncaring. C.Supportive. D.Uncertain.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。BenefitsOfColdWeatherThere’snodoubtaboutit—coldweathercanbeprettyunpleasant.___16___Soifyou’refeelingdownaboutthecoldtemperaturesoutside,readonforafewreasonstobehappyaboutthem!Itboostsyourbrain.Coldtemperaturescanexciteyourbrain,allowingimprovedfocusandgreaterclarityofthought.Thecoldclimateincreasesoxygenflowtothebrain.___17___Itincreasesbrownfatcontent.Coldweatherhastheuniqueabilitytoincreasethenumberofbrownfatcells.___18___.Notonlydotheyhelpusstayfortablywarmincoldtemperatures,buttheymayalsoevenpromoteweightlossovertime.___19___Incoldweather,anevenbodytemperaturecanbebeneficialforagoodnight’srest.Asourbodiestrytokeepwarmwhenit’scoldout,bloodvesselsgetnarrowerandhelpcontrolyoursleeptemperatureforamorerelaxedandrestfulsleep.Peoplesleepingincolderenvironmentsgenerallywakeupfeelingmorerefreshedthanthosesleepinginwarmertemperatures.Itimprovesskinhealth.___20___Lowtemperaturesforceustodresswarmlyagainstthecold,leadingtoprotectionagainstenvironmentalaspectsthatwouldotherwiseremovewaterfromourskin.Allinall,therearemanybenefitstospendingtimeoutsideincoldweather!Nexttimeyouwanttostayinsideandavoidthecold,keepthesebenefitsinmindandconsidergettingoutsideforafewminutes!A.Ithelpsyousleep.B.Itraiseshealthawareness.C.Thus,thecentralnervoussystemcanperformatincreasedlevels.DColdweatherexposureisahelpfulcontributiontoourwellbeing.E.Theyareimportantforcontrollingbodytemperaturebyproducingheat.F.Coldweathercanbegoodforkeepingourskinlookingandfeelinghealthy.G.Whileitmakesuswanttostayindoors,coldweatherhassomemajorbenefits.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。TheSpringFestivalisthemostimportantfestivalforChinese.Thisyear,Idecidedtoparticipateinalltheactivitiesorganizedfor____21____studentstocelebratetheSpringFestival.Thepreparationbeganamonthago,____22____ourroomswithSpringFestivalcouplets(对联)andNewYearpaintings.Laterwe____23____anactivitytowriteSpringFestivalcouplets.WhenIsawmyteacherbringaspecialkindofpen,Ibecame____24____toknowwhatitwascalled.Inaddition,weweregoingtouseabrushto____25____Chinesecharactersonredpaper.Besides,therewasanother____26____thingcalledink.After____27____thetoolsneededforSpringFestivalcouplets,westartedour____28____journey.Theteachertaughtushowtoholdawritingbrush.Itriedtoholdit,____29____itintheink,andstartwritingcarefully,butthe_____30_____ofthepenwastoosoftandIcouldn’t_____31_____itatall.IwasdisappointedbutIdidnotgiveup.Icarefullystudiedtheteacher’s_____32_____.Afterseveralattempts,IwrotealineofwordsAtthistime,Ifoundthatmysleeves(袖子)werealreadyfilledwithinkasIwastoofocusedon_____33_____.EvensoIwasveryhappy,becauseIfeltthatIhadlearnedthe_____34_____ofwritingcalligraphy,thatis,toholdthepeninthecorrect_____35_____.ThenIrealizedsometimesIhavetoexperiencesomethinginordertounderstandit.21.A.minority B.foreign C.local D.lowine22.A.cleaning B.decorating C.designing D.building23.A.won B.described C.launched D.restricted24.A.curious B.miserable C.upset D.ashamed25.A.learn B.carve C.draw D.write26.A.magical B.global C.affordable D.useless27.A.using B.mixing C.recycling D.understanding28.A.repetitive B.easy C.creative D.effective29.A.dip B.hang C.cover D.set30.A.figure B.material C.ink D.tip31.A.correct B.make C.accept D.solve32.A.goal B.method C.reaction D.course33.A.improving B.reading C.practising D.listening34.A.difficulty B.form C.meaning D.way35.A.posture B.emotion C.attitude D.habit第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。ZuTioftheJinDynastywasamanwhohadwithgreatambition.Whenhewasyoung,hehadagoodfriend___36___(name)LiuKun.Theyhadsuchadeepfriendship___37___theystayedtogethereverydayandgotupatthesametimeeverymorning.Oneday,whentheyweresleeping.ZuTiheardtheroostercrowing(鸡鸣).HewokeupLiuKunandsaid,“Howabout___38___(get)uptoplayswords(剑)assoonasweheardtheroostercrowingfromnowon?”LiuKunwasstill___39___(sleep).Butheagreedwithhim___40___(joyful).Fromthenon,theygotupandplayedswordsoncetheroosterbegancrowing.Theykepttheirwordandnevergaveupnomatter___41___coldinwinterorhotinsummer.Hardwork___42___(pay)off.Afteralongperiodofhardstudyandtraining,theyfinallybecametheallrounder.Andtheybothdidexcellentjobstotheircountry.Theidiom“torisewiththerooster”teachesusthatwithambitionandhardwork,___43___(succeed)ispossible.Whenwecandiscoverourshortings___44___time,itisnottoolatetotry.Butifyouarenotwilling____45____(work)hard,youwillnotbeabletoachieveacareerafterall.第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，上周日你校举办了以“动物保护”为主题的照片展。请你给外国朋友Eric写一封邮件告诉他相关情况，内容包括：1.展览的时间、地点；2.展览的内容；3.同学们的感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearEric,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Emilywasastudent,whowasalwaysshyandlackedconfidence.Shestruggledtomakefriendsandbelievedthatshewasn’tgoodatanything.Thatstartedaffectingheracademicperformanceandoverallhappiness.Shesaidtoherself,“I’maloser.Ican’tgetanythingdone.”Shefeltworriedandtriedtofindsolutions.However,unfortunately,allshehaddonewasinvain.Oneday,Emily’steacher,Ms.Johnson,noticedherattitudeanddecidedtohelpherregainherconfidence.ShesaidtoEmily,“Nooneisbornconfidentand