Unit+4+Natural+disasters+Reading+for+writing+自然灾害报道的概要写作讲义 高中英语人教版（2019）必修第一册

【教材原文】ReadingforWritingTSUNAMIHITSASIA:OVER6,500DEADThemostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfourothercountries.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00a.m.,SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.Inthatareaalone,atleast1,870peoplewerekilled.昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家的6,500多人死亡。渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。海啸巨浪由周日上午7:00许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。仅该地区就有至少1,870人死亡。InSriLanka,some1,600kilometreswestofthequakecentre,thenumberofdeathsstoodat2,498,andonemillionmorewereaffectedbythetsunami,governmentofficialssaid.Indianofficialssaidasmanyas1,900hadbeenkilledalongthesoutherncoast.Another254werefounddeadinThailandand54inthreeothercountries.InsouthernThailand,1,900peoplewerehurtandmanymoreweremissing,localofficialssaid.“Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.Wehadtoleaveeverythingandruntosafety,”saidChandraTheeravit,alocalThaiwoman.政府官员称，在斯里兰卡，震中以西约1,600千米处，死亡人数高达2,498人，另有100多万人受到海啸的影响。印度官员称，南部海岸地区有多达1,900人丧生。泰国另有254人死亡，其他三个国家有54人丧生。当地官员表示，泰国南部有1,900人受伤，失踪人数则更多。泰国当地的一位妇女钱德拉·特拉维说:“当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。我们只好扔下一切，跑到安全地带。”Thousandsofpeoplearestillmissing,andthenumberofdeathsisexpectedtogrowevenhigheroverthenextfewdays.Foreignaidisbeingorganisedforthetsunami-hitcountries.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.仍有成千上万人失踪，预计未来几天死亡人数还将增加。目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。:OVER6,500DEAD海啸袭击亚洲：6500多人丧生ByRobertWoodhouseMonday,27December2004罗伯特·伍德豪斯

2004年12月27日

星期一Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfourothercountries.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00a.m.,SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.Inthatareaalone,atleast1,870peoplewerekilled.昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰国、马来西亚和至少其他四个国家的6,500多人死亡。渔民、游客、酒店、住房和汽车都被9.0级强震所引发的巨浪卷走。海啸巨浪由周日上午7:00许发生在印度尼西亚苏门答腊岛西岸附近海域的海底地震引发。仅该地区就有至少1,870人死亡。InSriLanka,some1,600kilometreswestofthequakecentre,thenumberofdeathsstoodat2,498,andonemillionmorewereaffectedbythetsunami,governmentofficialssaid.Indianofficialssaidasmanyas1,900hadbeenkilledalongthesoutherncoast.Another254werefounddeadinThailandand54inthreeothercountries.InsouthernThailand,1,900peoplewerehurtandmanymoreweremissing,localofficialssaid.“Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.Wehadtoleaveeverythingandruntosafety,”saidChandraTheeravit,alocalThaiwoman.政府官员称，在斯里兰卡，震中以西约1,600千米处，死亡人数高达2,498人，另有100多万人受到海啸的影响。印度官员称，南部海岸地区有多达1,900人丧生。泰国另有254人死亡，其他三个国家有54人丧生。当地官员表示，泰国南部有1,900人受伤，失踪人数则更多。泰国当地的一位妇女钱德拉·特拉维说:“当时我和三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。我们只好扔下一切，跑到安全地带。”Thousandsofpeoplearestillmissing,andthenumberofdeathsisexpectedtogrowevenhigheroverthenextfewdays.Foreignaidisbeingorganisedforthetsunami-hitcountries.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.仍有成千上万人失踪，预计未来几天死亡人数还将增加。目前正在为这些受灾国家组织国外援助。然而，由于条件险恶和道路受损，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。【教材佳句】1.InSriLanka,some1,600kilometreswestofthequakecentre,thenumberofdeathsstood

at2,498,andonemillionmorewereaffectedbythetsunami,governmentofficialssaid.

政府官员称，在震中以西约1600千米处的斯里兰卡，死亡人数高达2498人，另有100多万人受到海啸的影响。讲解：stand此处为熟词生义，可以学习；意思是tobeataparticularlevel,amount,height,etc.达特定水平（或数量、高度等），搭配为standat。举一反三：当时的世界纪录是6.59米。_________________________________________________________________________________2.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.然而，由于条件险恶和道路受阻，食物运送和物资补给将非常困难。讲解：makeit+adj.+todosth.，注意这里it作为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面todo的内容。举一反三：互联网使我们可以在家里购买各种各样的商品。_________________________________________________________________________________【相关语料】各国语言English英语；Spanish西班牙语；MandarinChinese普通话；Arabic阿拉伯语；French法语；Russian俄语；Portuguese葡萄牙语；German德语；Japanese日语；Korean韩语/朝鲜语；Turkish土耳其语；Italian意大利语；Dutch荷兰语；Vietnamese越南语；Polish波兰语；Thai泰语常见语法术语Noun名词；Verb动词；Adjective形容词；Adverb副词；Pronoun代词；Preposition介词；Conjunction连词；Interjection感叹词；Subject主语；Predicate谓语；Object宾语；Clause从句；Phrase短语；Tense时态；Aspect（动词的）体；Mood语气；Voice主被动语态如何进行语言学习Startwiththebasics:Learncommonwords,phrases,andgreetings.

学习常见单词、短语和问候语。Practiceregularly:Consistentpracticeiskeytolanguageacquisition.

持续的练习是语言习得的关键。Immerseyourself:Surroundyourselfwiththelanguagethroughmediaandconversations.

通过媒体和对话来让自己置身于该语言环境中。Uselanguagelearningresources:Utilizetextbooks,onlinecourses,languagelearningapps,andlanguageexchangeplatforms.

利用教材、在线课程、语言学习应用程序和语言交流平台。Seekfeedback:Engagewithnativespeakersorlanguagetutorstoreceivefeedbackonyourlanguageskills.

与母语为该语言的人或语言老师交流，以获得对你语言能力的反馈。Bepatientandpersistent:Languagelearningisagradualprocessthatrequiresperseverance.

语言学习是一个逐渐的过程，需要毅力。语言学习意义Communication:Languageistheprimarytoolforcommunication,enablinginteractionandexchangeofideasamongindividuals.

语言是交流的主要工具，使个体之间能够互动和交流想法。Culturalunderstanding:Learningalanguageprovidesinsightsintotheculture,traditions,andvaluesofitsspeakers.

学习一门语言能够深入了解其使用者的文化、传统和价值观。Cognitivebenefits:Languagelearningenhancescognitiveabilitiessuchasmemoryandproblem-solving.

语言学习增强了记忆力和问题解决能力认知能力。Personalgrowth:Languagelearningfosterspersonalgrowthbychallengingindividualstostepoutoftheircomfortzonesandadapttonewlinguisticandculturalenvironments.

语言学习通过挑战个人走出舒适区并适应新的语言和文化环境来促进个人成长。【典例剖析】本单元的写作有关新闻报道，也有关summary，后者我们将通过两篇真题进行练手。新闻报道是用简明扼要的文字报道新近发生的新闻事实的一种应用文体。新闻报道一般由标题，导语，主体及结语四个部分组成。假定你的家乡收到地震侵袭，请写一篇新闻报道，叙述一下当时的场景以及政府救援的情况。内容包括：1.损失情况；2.救援情况。注意：1.词数应为80左右；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考范文：Aterribleearthquakehitmyhometownyesterday,leavingbehindatrailofdestruction.Numeroushousesandroadsweredestroyed,leavingagreatmanypeopleinjuredorhomeless.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Fortunately,theswiftresponseofthesoldiersbroughthopeamidstthechaos.Theytirelesslyworkedtolocatesurvivors,extricatethosetrappedbeneaththerubble,andrespectfullylaytorestthedeparted.Meanwhile,thegovernmentswiftlymobilized,offeringessentialresourcessuchascleanwater,nourishment,andtemporaryshelterstothosemostaffectedbythecalamity.【真题链接】(2018年11月浙江)阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

It’sareallygoodideatovisitcollegesbeforeyouapplybecausetheirwebsitescanallstarttolookandsoundthesame.Nothingwillgiveyouthesenseofwhatitwillactuallybeliketoliveonacollegecampus(校园)likevisitingandseeingforyourselfthedorms,classroomsandathleticequipmentand,ofcourse,thestudents.Itseemsalittlecrazyoncesenioryearhitstofindthetimetovisitcollegecampuses,anditcanalsobepriceyiftheschoolsyouareapplyingtohappentobemorethanacarrideaway.Keepinmindthatyouaremakingadecisionaboutthenextfouryearsofyourlife,anddoalltheresearchyoucantomakesureyouaremakingtherightone.There’snoexcusenottovisittheschoolsinyourlocalarea.Infact,alotofcollegeapplicationsevenaskifyouhavevisitedcampus,andobviously,ifyouliveacrossthecountrythatwon'tbeasmuchofapossibility,butifyoulivenearby,gocheckitout!Ifcampusvisitsaren’tgoingtohappenbeforeyouapply,attheveryleastyoushouldfindsometimebetweenapplyingandgettingyouracceptanceletterstovisittheschoolsyou’dliketoattend.Itcansaveyoualotofheadacheifyouruleoutnowthethingsthatyoudon’tlikeaboutcertaincampuses,thingsthatyouwouldn’tknowunlessyouactuallyvisit.Now,iftimeandmoneyaremakingitimpossible,thencheckouttheonlinecollegefairsatCollegeWeekLive.It’sachancetochatonlinewithadmissionsofficers,students,andcollegecounselors(顾问),anditwon'tcostyouapenny!Youcanregisterforitsonlinecollegefairatcollegeweeklive.com.Whilevisitinganonlinecollegefaircan’ttaketheplaceofanactualcampusvisit,itcanbeaveryusefultoolthatalongwithallyourotherresearchwillhelpyoumakeaninformeddecisionaboutwhichcollegesoruniversitiesyou’dliketoattend.【原文解析】这篇文章是一篇典型的说明文，主要介绍了学生参观访问申请的大学的必要性。这篇文章是递进式的，四段式，要求每段概括出一句话，串联成文章。主题句如下：Paragraph1：It’sareallygoodideatovisitcollegesbeforeyouapply.Paragraph2：There’snoexcusenottovisittheschoolsinyourlocalarea.Paragraph3：Ifcampusvisitsaren’tgoingtohappenbeforeyouapply,attheveryleastyoushouldfindsometimebetweenapplyingandgettingyouracceptanceletterstovisittheschoolsyou’dliketoattend.Paragraph4：Iftimeandmoneyaremakingitimpossible,thencheckouttheonlinecollegefairsatCollegeWeekLive.要点一：在申请大学之前拜访是一个好主意要点二：没有理由不去拜访附近的学校要点三：即使没有在申请之前拜访学校，至少也要在申请之后和入学之前去拜访要点四：如果时间和金钱不允许，就去查询相关学校【考场作文】22分Toselectasuitablecollegeandfullyknowit,you’readvisedtopayavisittocollegesinadvance.Youcan’thesitatetodosoifcollegesarewithinyourreachassomemayevenaskfortheexperience.Ifnot,avisitbeforebeingadmittedisstillnecessarytomakeyourselfprepared.Atleast,youshouldacquaintyourselfwiththemthroughonlinecollegefairswhichisusefulandfree.

专家评价：①框架完整，包含主旨；②语言流畅，用词并不高档；③

ifnot

用法含糊。(2019年6月浙江)

阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

Parentseverywherepraisetheirkids.JennBerman,authorofTheAtoZGuidetoRaisingHappyandConfidentKids,says,“We’vegonetotheoppositeextremeofafewdecadesagowhenparentstendedtobemorestrict.”Bygivingkidsalotofpraise,parentsthinkthey’rebuildingtheirchildren’sconfidence,when,infact,itmaybejusttheopposite.Toomuchpraisecanbackfireand,whengiveninawaythat’sinsincere,makekidsafraidtotrynewthingsortakeariskforfearofnotbeingabletostayontopwheretheirparents’praisehasputthem.Still,don’tgotoofarintheotherdirection.Notgivingenoughpraisecanbejustasdamagingasgivingtoomuch.Kidswillfeellikethey’renotgoodenoughorthatyoudon’tcareand,asaresult,mayseenopointintryinghardfortheiraccomplishments.Sowhatistherightamountofpraise?Expertssaythatthequalityofpraiseismoreimportantthanthequantity.Ifpraiseissincereandfocusedontheeffortnottheoutcome,youcangiveitasoftenasyourchilddoessomethingthatdeservesaverbalreward.“Weshouldespeciallyrecognizeou