Unit2MoralsandVirtuesDiscoveringUsefulStructures课件高中英语人教版

U2MoralsandVirtues现在分词做状语和宾补1.Tomastertheusagesof-ingformsservingastheadverbialandobjectcomplement.2.Touse-ingformsfreelyastheadverbialandobjectcomplementincommunicationandwriting.1.Playingwithfireisdangerous.

主语2.PeppaandGeorgealwaysloveskippinginmuddypuddles.佩奇和乔治总喜欢在泥坑里跳来跳去。宾语3.Hishobbyisdressingupasagirl.他的爱好是打扮成女孩子的样子。表语观察下面句子并分析画线部分在句中所作的成分

Revision5.Focusingonherphoneasshewalked,shehitthedoor.

定语4.ThemandoingthelivebroadcastiscalledDongYuhui.正在做直播的这位男士名叫董宇辉。状语6.TheheadteachersawLiMingplayingwithsmartphoneintheclassroom.宾语补足语定语动词-ing形式由“动词原形+ing”构成。动词-ing形式可在句中作___________、___________、_________、___________、_____________和___________，但是不能单独作___________。主语宾语表语定语宾语补足语状语谓语SummaryPart1the–ingformusedasadverbial（前四个纹理为矢量素材，可直接通过更改形状填充更改颜色）1.状语的定义动词ing形式作状语时间状语方式状语原因状语结果状语伴随状语条件状语状语2.状语的分类-ing形式在句中作状语,修饰谓语动词或整个句子,表示动作发生的原因、时间、方式、结果、条件、伴随状况等。现在分词一般不用作目的状语(通常不定式用作目的状语)。Wisemenlearnbyothermen'smistakes;foolsbytheirownHesatonthesofa,

watchingTV.

Beingill,hedidn’tgotoschool.Jack,knowingwhereIlive,nevercomestoseeme.3.状语的位置

①现在分词作状语句式特点：①逗号前后两动作，共用一主语，无连词，必有一个非谓语（作状语）②-ing形式作状语，常与主句用逗号隔开；时间，原因，让步等状语时，一般在句首；结果，伴随，方式等状语时，一般在句末。Being

poor,hecouldn'taffordaTVset.（原因）Studyinghard,hedidn'tpasstheexam.（让步）Heearnsalivingdrivingatruck.（伴随）Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.（结果）现在分词作时间状语时，相当于时间状语从句。可在现在分词前加连词“when,while,until”等，使其时间意义更明确Walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.＝When/while(shewas)walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.1.v-ing形式作时间状语逻辑主语与句子的主语一致；主动/进行翻译句子：走出教室，他看到一只狗。Whenhe

,hesawadog.Walkingoutoftheroom,hesawadog.walkedoutoftheroom现在分词作原因状语时，可转换为由since,because或as引导的原因状语从句，这类状语多放在句子的前半部分。Beingill，hecouldn'tgotoschool.＝Ashewasill，hecouldn'tgotoschool.2.v-ing形式作原因状语逻辑主语与句子的主语一致；主动/进行Notknowingtheway,hegotlost.翻译句子：由于不认路，他迷路了。

Ashe__________________,hegotlost.didn’tknowthewayV-ing形式的否定式是在其前面加not现在分词作条件状语时，可转换为if,once或unless等引导的条件状语从句。Workinghard，you'llmakegreatprogress.＝Ifyouworkhard，you'llmakegreatprogress.3.v-ing形式作条件状语Ifwe___________,wewillsucceed.翻译句子：努力学习,我们就会成功。Studyinghard,wewillsucceed.studyhard逻辑主语与句子的主语一致；主动/进行现在分词作让步状语时，相当于一个以though/although引导的让步状语从句。Workingorreading，shealwaysdidherbest.＝Whethersheworkedorread，shealwaysdidherbest.4.v-ing形式作让步状语逻辑主语与句子的主语一致；主动/进行Knowingitisdifficult,Idon’tgiveup.翻译句子：虽然知道它很难，我也不放弃。AlthoughI_________________,Idon’tgiveup.knowitisdifficult现在分词作方式，结果或伴随或方式状语时，通常不能转换为状语从句，但可用并列句代替。Istoodbythedoor，notdaringtosayaword.＝Istoodbythedoor，anddidn’tdaretosayaword.Hisparentsdied，leavinghimanorphan.＝Hisparentsdiedandlefthimanorphan.Marysatbythewindow,readingabook.=Marysatbythewindowandwasreadingabook.5.v-ing形式作方式/结果/伴随状语

有些动词ing形式作状语在句中没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在,其形式的选择不受上下文的影响,表明说话者的态度观点等,被称为评论性状语。常见的有:generallyspeaking一般说来considering...考虑到...franklyspeaking坦率地说providing...如果...roughlyspeaking大致说来supposing...如果...

judgingfrom/by...由...判断assuming...假如...Seeingthat...既然...talking/speakingof...提到...Generallyspeaking,childrenarenaturallycurious.Consideringthebudget,wehavedecidedtogiveupthetravelplan.6.独立成分作状语Done时间:原因:条件：让步：方式或伴随或结果：非谓语动词作状语相当于一个状语从句或并列句可转换为由“when,while,until引导的时间状语从句可转换为由since,because或as引导的原因状语从句可转换为由if,once或unless引导的条件状语从句可转换为由though/although引导的让步状语从句可转换为并列句被动

过去Doing主动进行逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致1.现在分词做状语：相当于_____________2.若状从与主句的主语相同：即：1）去连词2）去主语3)动词→分词e.g.WhenIsawtheoldphotos,Irememberedmydad.→____________________,Irememberedmydad.3.若状从与主句的主语不同：即：1）去连词2）留前主3)动词→分词e.g.Asitwerefine,Iwentfishingwithmydad.→____________,Iwentfishingwithmydad.Seeingtheoldphotos分词短语与状语从句转化状语从句ItbeingfineBeingill,hedidn'tattendthewedding.(he与being是逻辑上的主谓关系)→Hewasill,hedidn'tattendthewedding.Seeingthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.→Whenshesawthosepictures,sherememberedherchildhood.

现在分词的逻辑主语和主句主语一致动词-­ing形式作状语的注意事项注意1：动词-ing形式作状语,其逻辑主语一般就是句子的主语,它们之间是一种逻辑上的主谓关系。Hearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.Hearingthenews,shecried.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.Lookingoutthroughthewindow,Ifoundthegardenbeautiful.TrueorFalse.FFTT→Shehearingthenews,tearsrandownherface.→Ilookingoutthroughthewindow,thegardenwasbeautiful.1.

Havingfinishedhishomework,herushedouttoplaybasketball.2.Havingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hepassedthetest.注意2：havingdone表示比句子的谓语动词先发生,句子主语与havingdone的关系是主动关系

1._________________(turn)

offtheTV,hebegantogooverhislessons.

2.______________(finish)hishomework,hewentouttoplayfootballwithhisfriends.3._________________(buy)

whatsheneeded,Mrs.Smithwentoutofthemarket.HavingturnedHavingfinishedHavingbought1.

Notknowingthisnews,hecomestoschool.2.Nothavingmadefullpreparations,weputoffthetest.3.Nothavingstudiedhislessonsveryhard,hefailedthetest.注意3：V--ing形式的否定式：

not+动词ing；not+havingdone

____________(know)whattodo,Miketurnedtohisteacherforhelp.NotknowingThetreesareverytall,somemeasuringover90metres.Theweatherbeingfine,wewentoutforawalk.Wintercoming,itgetscolderandcolder.Timepermitting,Iwillgowithyou.注意4：独立主格结构：主句的主语和状语的主语不一致通常用来表示伴随的动作、时间、原因或条件

技巧：可以把独立主格结构理解为：（with）+_____+_____结构1._______(hear)thenews,theycouldn’thelpjumping.2.Becarefulwhen___________(cross)thestreet.3.__________________(work)forthreehours,hetookarest.4.___________(use)yourhead,you’llhaveagoodidea.5.___________(work)hard,hedidn’tfeelabittired.6.Theheavyrainlastedthreedays,__________(result)inserioustrafficjams.7.Thegirlcamein,_________(follow)herparents.8.________(walk)inthepark,shesawanoldfriend.9.Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroom,_________(read)abook.10._______________(finish)hishomework,Tomlistenedtomusic.ExercisesHearingcrossingHavingworkedUsingWorkingresultingfollowlingWalkingreadingHavingfinishedsummary:

现在分词doing作状语1.时间状语2.原因状语3.条件状语4.结果状语5.让步状语6.方式和伴随状语注意事项时态语态否定式7.评论性状语8.独立主格用法一般情况：现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语跟句子的主语一致特殊情况：1）现在分词作状语，在句子中没有逻辑主语2）现在分词作状语，有自己的逻辑主语，且其逻辑主语跟句子的主语不一致主动式（doing/havingdone）与被动式（beingdone/havingbeendone）一般式（doing）与完成式（havingdone）not+doing;not+havingdonePart2the–ingformusedasobjectcomplementv-ing形式作宾补的概念

v-ing形式作宾补常放在宾语后，常表示宾语和宾补之间是主动关系或表示v-ing形式的动作正在进行（强调一个过程或一种状态）We

cansee

aboy

singing

inthepicture.主语谓语宾语宾语补足语02使役动词have/get/make01感官动词“五看二听三感觉”03With+宾语+宾补随着…（重点看宾语宾补之间的逻辑关系）常见可接-ing形式作宾补的词(结构)03With+宾语+宾补1.Wesawalightburninginthewindow.2.Ifeltsomeonepatting

meontheback.3.Canyousmellanything

burning?4.Listentothebirdssinging.归纳：感官动词+宾语+现在分词（doing）1.表示感觉和心理状态的的动词，即：____动词如：______________________________________感官see,hear,watch,feel,think,find,notice等能用现在分词作宾补的几类词：Wisemenlearnbyothermen'smistakes;foolsbytheirown归纳：使役动词+宾语+现在分词（doing）2.表示“使”“令”“让”等含有“致使”意义的动词，即：______动词如：________________________使役make,get,have,help,leave1.Iwon'thaveyoudoingthat.2.Thissetmethinking.3.I'msorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.4.Ican'tgettheclockgoingagain.Wisemenlearnbyothermen'smistakes;foolsbytheirown1.Withtimegoingby,IshowmuchinterestinlearningEnglish.2.MrsDengenteredtheclassroom,withagroupofstudentsfollowingher.3.Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.归纳：3.用于_______________的复合结构中，v-ingform对宾语起补充说明作用。

with+宾语+宾补Wisemenlearnbyothermen'smistakes;foolsbytheirowneg：Festivalsarebecomingmoreandmorecommercial,withbusinesses________(take)advantageofthecelebrations.1.Withsomanypeople________(look)ather,theshygirlfeltnervous.2.Theoldmanwentintotheroomwithhiswife________(support)him.3.Withthetask________(finish),hewentouttoplaybasketball.4.Withlotsofhomework________（finish）,hecouldn’tgoout.takinglookingsupportingfinishedtofinishPracticeReadanddiscussthefunctionsandmeaningsofthe-ingform.1...herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.2Thinkingofallthepeoplestillinneedofhelp,DrLinopenedaprivateclinic.3ThenewPeople'sRepublicofChinasawDrLinQiaozhi

playingakeyrole.adverbial状语adverbial状语objectcomplement宾语补足语Conclusion现在分词(v-ing)作状语，其动作发出者是主句的_____,呈___(主/被)动关系。一般置于_____或______。现在分词(v-ing)作宾语补足语，常放在宾语后面,对宾语进行补充说明表示一个____________________的动作,强调一个过程或一种状态。句首句尾主语主herbrotherDrLin正在进行的主动性DrLinQiaozhi1.Theyfoundadogsleepingonthestreet.2.Theyheardhimsinginginnextroom.

3.Wemustn'tkeepthemwaiting.注意事项：当主句转换为被动结构时，原来作宾语补足语的-ing

形式便转换为主语补足语。=Adogwasfound

sleeping

onthestreet.他们发现一只狗在街上睡觉。=Hewasheard

singinginthenextroom.有人听到他在隔壁房间唱歌。=Theymustn'tbekept

waiting.千万不能让他们等。Ⅰ.单句填空1.Though_________（lack）

money,

his

parents

managed

to

send

him

to

university.lacking2.____________________（tell）

that

some

guests

were

coming,

they

got

the

room

ready.Having

been

told3.________________（wait）

in

the

queue

for

half

an

hour,

Tom

suddenly

realized

that

he

had

left

his

wallet

at

home.Having

waited4.He

ran

as

fast

as

he

could,

________（hope）

to

catch

the

early

bus.hoping5.________（feel）

curious

about

the

tall

blue-eyed

foreigners,

he

stared

at

them

for

more

than

twenty

minutes.Feeling6.She

returned

home

only

to

find

the

door

open

and

something________（miss）.missing7.Can

you

imagine

yourself__________

（stay）

in

a

lonely

island？staying8.I’m

sorry

to

keep

you________

（wait）

for

a

long

time.waiting随堂检测1.Wepassedbytheclassroomandsawtheteacher__________(make)theexperiment.2.WhenIcamein,IsawDr.Li_____________(examine)apatient.3.Attheairport,amandressedinablacksuitwascaught_______(spit)onthecleanfloor.4.Sittingbyherside,Icouldfeelherheart__________(beat).

5.Don’tleaveher________(wait)outsideintherain.6.Thefilmstarwalkedtowardshiscar,withacrowdofjournalists_________(follow)closebehind.

7.Withtheboy__________(lead)theway,thesoldiersmanagedtowalkthroughtheforest.8.Thecoupleoftentakeawalkaftersupperintheparkwiththeirpetdog___________(follow)them.

making

examining

spitting

waitingfollowingExercises

beatingleadingfollowingⅡ.语法填空

Mary

looked

at

the

beautiful

ripe

plums（梅子）.

She

would

make

lovely

jam.

When

she

had

finished

the

1.________

（cook）,

she

filled

all

her

empty

jam

jars,

2.________

（leave）

the

rest

of

the

jam

in

the

pan.

She

would

put

it

in

the

fridge

when

it

was

cooler.

But

just

then

the

telephone

rang.3._________________（learn）

that

her

mother

was

in

hospital

after

a

car

accident,

Mary

picked

up

her

bag

and

ran

out

of

the

house.

Some

days

later,