2022年山西省朔州市义井中学高三英语联考试卷含解析

2022年山西省朔州市义井中学高三英语联考试卷含解析一、选择题1.----Doyoumindmyopeningthewindow?It’sabithotinhere----______,asamatteroffact.

A.Goahead

B.Yes,mypleasureC.Yes,Ido

D.Comeon参考答案：C解析：考查交际用语。通过下文的asamatteroffact.事实上，可以看出来此人很介意，所以选择C。如果表达不介意，在A选项之前加上No，或者是Ofcoursenot.来表明观点。2.

thewebsiteoftheFireDepartmentinyourcity,andyouwilllearnalotaboutfirefighting.A.Havingsearched

B.Tosearch

C.Searching

D.Search参考答案：D3.—Youjustthinkofyourself!Youkeptuswaitingforyouforovertwohours.—I’msorrythat

you

thinkso.

A．would

B．should

C．could

D．might参考答案：B4.I'llneverunderstandhowit______thatyouwerelateforclassfourtimeswithinaweek!

A．cameout

B．cameacross

C．cameabout

D．cameintobeing参考答案：C略5.________inschooluniforms,weallfeelasenseofprideasstudentsofthegreatschool.A.Havingdressed

B.Beingdressing

C.Dressing

D.Dressed参考答案：D6.Since

,theeconomyinthissmallcityhasbeendevelopingsteadily

ofthelocalgovernment.

A.the1990s;undertheleadership

B.the1990’s;attheleadership

C.1990s;intheleadership

D.the1990s;ontheleadership参考答案：A7.Thecarwasdamaged_________repairintheaccident.A.in B.under C.beyond D.on参考答案：C略8.-----______thathemanagedtogettheinformation?-----Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.A.Wherewasit

B.Whatwasit

C.Howwasit

D.Whywasit参考答案：C解析：此处考查强调结构的特殊疑问句形式。根据afriendofhishelpedhim.可知应是方式状语，用how。故选C。9.Alotofpeoplehere,_______,Tom,arefortheplanthatwewillgotothebeachonfoot.A.suchas

B.forexample

C.like

D.thatis参考答案：B10.Thereisafinebookstorenearourschool,inwhichyoucanbuyonebookandget_______completelyfree.

A.other

B.others

C.one

D.ones参考答案：C11.Beingremovedfromhispostduringoperationsisthe

regretforaship’scaptain.A.ultimate B.valid C.outspoken D.superior参考答案：A12.Asaresultof________isnowknowninphysicsandchemistry,scientistshavebeenabletomakeimportantdiscoveriesinbiologyandmedicine.A.what B.itC.which D.that参考答案：A【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：由于在物理学和化学上已知的知识的原因，科学家们已经能够在生物学和医药上取得重要发现。分析句子可知，________isnowknowninphysicsandchemistry为宾语从句，作of的宾语，分析从句，缺乏主语，故用连接代词，故选A。which表示在范围内的某一个，本句没有范围，故排除。【点睛】what引导名词性从句的用法。一、要掌握好what在句子中的语义。1.表示“……的人”，相当于thepersonthat…。如：Heisnotwhathewasafewyearsago.他不是几年前的他了。WhoisitthathasmadeFredwhatheisnow？是谁把弗雷德培养成现在这样一个人的？2.表示“……的地方”，相当于theplacethat…。如：ThisiswhattheycallSaltLakeCity.这就是他们称作盐湖城的地方。WhatisnowtheNorthSaharaDesertwasonceacivilizedworld.现在的撒哈拉沙漠的北部曾经是一个文明世界。3.表示“……的数目”，相当于theamount/numberthat…。如：Ourincomeisnowdoublewhatiswastenyearsago.我们现在的收入是十年前的两倍。4.表示“……的时间”，相当于aperiodoftimethat。如：Afterwhatseemedtobealongtimehecometolife.经过了似乎很长一段时间后，他才恢复了活力。5.what的这种特殊含义可以根据句子的意思在翻译时灵活处理，不可千篇一律。例如：Thecolor1oftheflowerisdifferentfromwhatitwasinthemorning.那朵花的颜色与早晨的不同。（what=thecolor1that）二、要掌握好what引导名词性从句的类型。1.宾语从句（用作动词或介词的宾词）。例如：Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants.求职面试时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。2.主语从句。例如：Whathesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.他在会上说的话令每个与会者震惊。3.表语从句。例如：Perseveranceisakindofqualityandthat’swhatittakestodoanythingwell.坚定不移是一种品质——能使人做好任何事情。Airistouswhatwateristofish.空气对于我们就像水对于鱼一样（重要）。4.同位语从句（用在idea,message等名词后）。例如：Ihavenoideawhatweshoulddonext.我不知道下一步我们该干什么。三、要掌握好what引导的名词性从句的语序问题。What引导的名词性从句不同于what引导的特殊疑问句，不可用疑问句语序而应用陈述语序。例如：Thesephotographswillshowyouwhatourvillagelookslike.这些照片会向你展示我们的村庄是什么样的。13.Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwas

ofpublichealthA.what

B.thisC.that

D.which参考答案：C解析：考查代词及其含义，由语意：他们必须面临的其中一个问题就是公共卫生问题，只有that,可以代替theproblem.14.---Youwon’tgotherebybus,willyou?

---_______A.Yes,Iwillnotgobybus

B.Yes,IwillbeonfootC.No,I’lljustwalk

D.ofcourse参考答案：C15.Theyoungteachercametoherclasseveryweek,butherattitude_____shewasnotreallyinterestedinthejob．

A．expressed

B．described

C．explained

D．suggested参考答案：D略16.Alargenumberofpeopleare________,andhowcanthelocalgovernmentignoretheproblem?

A.atwork

B.inwork

C.aferwork

D.outofwork参考答案：D17.—Badluck.Theydidn’tofferthejobtome.

—

？You’vebeenwellpreparedfortheinterview.

A.Sowhat

B.Whatif

C.Howcome

D.Whatabout参考答案：C二、新的题型18.Whywouldhumanbeingswasteathirdoftheirlivessleepingwhentheycouldbedoingmoreimportantthingslikelookingaftertheirfamiliesorworking?Somescientistsbelievesleepinghelpsrechargethebody,whileothersthinkitisimportantforstrengtheningnewly-formedmemories.Now,thereisnewevidencewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.Theneuronsinthehumanbrainconsistoffiberscalleddendrites(树突).Thesegrowaswelearnnewthingsandconnectthebrain’scellstoeachotheratcontactpointscalledsynapses(突触).Thelargerthedendritesbecomeandthemorecellstheyconnect,themoreinformationwestore.In2018,GiulioTononiandChiaraCirelli,bothbiologistsattheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,suggestedanewidea:Thethingsourbrainslearneachdayresultinsomanysynapsesthatthingsstarttogetalittlemessy.Sleepingallowsustosortthrough(整理)the“noise”anddispensealltheunnecessaryinformation,leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.Recently,theuniversity’sresearchhasprovideddirectevidencetosupportthetheory.Theexperimentinvolvedanalyzing6,920synapsesinthebrainshavingsfromtwogroupsofmiceoverafour-yearperiod;onegrouphadbeenallowedtosleep,whiletheotherhadbeenkeptawakeandentertainedwithtoys.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatthebrainshavingsofthesleepingmicehadnearly20percentfewersynapsesthanthosethathadbeenkeptawakeandentertained.Itwasalsoevidentduringthestudythatthebraindoesnotshaveeverysynapse.20%ofneuronsremainedunchanged;theseweremostlikelywell-establishedmemories.Therefore,althoughwemaybesleepingtoforgetsomeofwhatwe’velearned,thebrain“forgets”inasmartway.Mostresearchersbelieveclearingourbrainsisnottheonlypurposeofsleep.Restingourmindsandbodieshasalsobeenfoundtohelpwithotherbiologicalfunctionslikestrengtheningourimmunity.Thoughscientistsmayneveragreeonasinglereason,theyareallsureofonething－agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.Sotryandspendatleastathirdofyourdaysleeping!56.What’sthenewdiscoveryaboutthepurposeofsleepingaccordingtothetext?(nomorethan15words)_________________________________________________________________________57.What’sthemainideaofParagraph2?(nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________________________58.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispense”inParagraph3probablymean?(nomorethan5words)_________________________________________________________________________59.Whatagreementdoallthescientistsprobablyreachaboutsleepingaccordingtothetext?(nomorethan10words)_________________________________________________________________________60.Whatkindofsleepinghabitdoyouhave?Pleaseexplain.(nomorethan25words)_________________________________________________________________________参考答案：56.Toforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.

57.Howtheneuronsinthehumanbrainhelpstoreinformation.

58.Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.

59.Agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.

60.Iusuallysleepearlyandgetupearly,whichisagoodsleephabitandhelpsmekeepenergeticduringthedaytime.(Open)【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了睡眠是为了帮助我们清理大脑里的一些无用信息，同时睡眠也是为了帮助我们恢复身体疲劳，让我们能够更好的学习和生活。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句Now,thereisnewevidencewhichsuggeststhatthepurposeofsleepmaybetoforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.（现在，有新的证据表明，睡眠的目的可能是忘记我们每天学习的数百万新事物中的一些）可知新的研究发现睡觉的目的是为了忘记我们每天学习的数百万新事物中的一些。故答Toforgetsomeofthemillionsofnewthingswelearneachday.【57题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段Theneuronsinthehumanbrainconsistoffiberscalleddendrites.（人类大脑中的神经元由称为树突的纤维组成）以及后文主要说明了人类大脑中的神经元如何帮助储存信息，故第二段主旨大意是人类大脑中的神经元如何帮助储存信息。故答Howtheneuronsinthehumanbrainhelpstoreinformation.【58题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段Sleepingallowsustosortthroughthe“noise”.leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories可知睡眠让我们能够对“噪音”进行分类,能让我们从“噪音”中筛选出所有不必要的信息，只留下最重要的记忆。故可知划线单词意思为“摆脱，删除”，故答Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.【59题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中Thoughscientistsmayneveragreeonasinglereason,theyareallsureofonething－agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.（尽管科学家们可能永远不会在一个单一的原因上达成一致，但他们都确信一件事——一夜好眠对我们的健康至关重要）可知所有的科学家一致同意晚上好好休息对我们的健康很重要。故答Agoodnight’srestisessentialforourhealth.【60题详解】本题为开放性题目，言之有理即可。如可答“我通常早睡早起，这是一个良好的睡眠习惯，帮助我在白天保持精力充沛。”。故答Iusuallysleepearlyandgetupearly,whichisagoodsleephabitandhelpsmekeepenergeticduringthedaytime.【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用referto，becalled或that’stosay，suchas等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,thesameas,but,however,while,ontheotherhand,since,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。如第三小题，根据上文Sleepingallowsustosortthroughthe“noise”leavingbehindonlythemostimportantmemories.可知睡眠让我们能够对“噪音”进行分类,能让我们从“噪音”中筛选出所有不必要的信息，只留下最重要的记忆。故可知划线单词意思为“摆脱，删除”，故答Getridof./Doawaywith./Takeout./Remove.⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。三、阅读理解19.阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。SixChinesesurveillanceshipshaveenteredwatersnearislandsclaimedbybothChinaandJapan.Chinasaidtheshipswerecarryingout"lawenforcement"todemonstrateitsjurisdictionovertheislands,knownasDiaoyuinChinaandSenkakuinJapan.AtleasttwoofthevesselsleftaftertheJapanesecoastguardissuedawarning,Japaneseofficialssay.ThemovecameafterJapansealedadealtobuythreeoftheislandsfromtheirprivateJapaneseowner.Japancontrolstheuninhabitedbutresource-richEastChinaSeaislands,whicharealsoclaimedbyTaiwan.TheJapaneseCoastGuardsaidthefirsttwoChineseboatsenteredJapan'sterritorialwatersat06:18localtime(21:18GMTThursday),followedbyanotherfleetoffourothershipsjustafter07:00.Thefirsttwoshipsthenleftthearea.AthirdshipleftlateronFridaymorning,onereportsaid.Noforcewasused,Japaneseofficialsadded."Ourpatrolvesselsarecurrentlytellingthemtoleaveourcountry'sterritorialwaters,"thecoastguardsaidinastatement.TheChineseforeignministryconfirmedthatitsshipswerethere.“TheselawenforcementandpatrolactivitiesareaimedtodemonstrateChina'sjurisdictionovertheDiaoyuIslandsanditsaffiliatedisletsandensurethecountry'smaritimeinterests,”astatementsaid.TheUShascalledfor''coolerheadstoprevail''astensionintensifiesbetweenChinaandJapanovertheislands,whichliesouthofOkinawaandnorthofTaiwan.USDefenseSecretaryLeonPanettaisduetovisitbothJapanandChinafromthisweekendaspartofatouroftheregionthatalsoincludesNewZealand.ThedisputehasseriouslymarreddiplomaticrelationsbetweenChinaandJapanandthreatenstodamagethestrongtradingrelationship,saystheBBC'sJohnSudworthinBeijing.Therowhasalsogeneratedstrongnationalistsentimentonbothsidesthatobserverssaynowmakesitverydifficulttobeseentobebackingdown,saysourcorrespondent.TheJapanesegovernmentsaysitisbuyingtheislandstopromotetheirstableandpeacefulmanagement.Itsmovefollowedabidbyright-wingTokyoGovernorShintaroIshiharatobuytheislandsusingpublicdonations-anactionthatwouldlikelyhavefurtherprovo