Unit4Agoodread知识点复习语法-牛津译林版八年级英语下册

8BUnit4Agoodread知识点复习+语法精讲1、decidewhattodowiththesebooks决定如何处理这些书【动词+特殊疑问词+todosth.】=decidehowtodealwiththesebooks2、★Germany(n.)德国→German(n.)德国人，复数：Germans3、improvemyknowledgeofthepast提高我的历史知识★know→knowledge【不可数名词】4、crashagainsttherocks撞在岩石上【crash不及物动词，后接介词】【回顾】crashintoatree猛撞到一棵树上【重点】against介词：靠例句：standagainstthedoor靠着门站立迎着例句：runagainstthestrongwind迎着大风奔跑对抗例句：playagainstthefootballteamfromJapan与来自日本的足球队打比赛反对例句：Iamagainsthisplan.我反对他的计划。反义词：for赞成违反例句：dosomethingagainstthelaw做了违反法律的事5、IswamasfastasIcould.BythetimeIfinallyfeltthelandundermyfeet,Iwastiredout.我尽可能向远处游。当我的脚感触到地面时，我筋疲力尽了。①bythetime....到…时候为止;…当……的时候②betiredout精疲力尽6、falldownonthebeach摔倒在海滩上fallover摔倒(尤指被…绊倒;意外地从…上跌落）7、★stomach→复数：stomachs8、★until用法：until用于肯定句或否定句，引导时间状语从句（主将从现）。要注意的是：如果主句中的谓语动词是短动词时，必须用否定形式；例句：Iwillnotleaveuntilheesback.（leave是短动词）(not…until意为“直到……才……”)Ididn’tgohomeuntilIfinishedmyhomework.【主句从句均为过去时】如果主句中的谓语动词是长动词时，则常用肯定形式。例句：Iwillwaituntilheesback.（wait是长动词）9、bethesamesizeasmylittlefinger和小手指一样大小=beasbigasmylittlefinger10、continuemovingacrossmybody继续在我的身上移动★①continuedoingsth.=continuetodosth.=goonwithsth.=goondoingsth.继续做某事（同一件事）★②goontodosth.继续做某事（做另一件事）11、Ididnotknowwhattosayeither.我也不知道该说什么。12、★either用法：（1）表示“也”，用于否定句，也too相对应。Tomdoesn'tlikefootball,Idon't,likeeither.=Tomdoesn'tlikefootball,neither/nordoI.Tomlikesfootball,Ilikefootball,too.=Tomlikesfootball,sodoI.（2）表示“二者中的（任）一个”。Ihaveonlyoneticket.Eitherofyoucangototheconcert.Youcanseemanytreesoneither/eachsideoftheroad.（3）either...or....表示“或者...或者...，不是...就是...”，就近原则！！！。EitheryouorLucyiswrong.13、Itriedtopullonehandfreeandfinallymanagedtobreaktheropes.我尝试想挣脱一只手，最后想方设法挣断了绳子。pullonehandfree空出一只手★managetodosth.设法完成某事（并取得成功）【语法】特殊疑问词+todosth.【特殊疑问词引导动词不定放动词后作宾语（或主语），可以转化为宾语从句】①第一种：动词+特殊疑问词+todosth.Eg:Milliehasdecidedwhattodo.【whattodo作decide宾语】【what疑问代词，作及物动词do的宾语】Idon’tknowhowtodoit.【how为疑问代词，不能做do的宾语，加it作do宾语】Danieldidnotsaywhototalkto/withaboutthisbook.【★talk不及物动词，后面要加介词】=2\*GB3②第二种：动词+宾语+特殊疑问词+todosth.【动词后接双宾语】例句：MrWuadviseduswhichtochooseasafterschoolactivities.【S+V+IO+DO】Thestudentsaskedtheirteacherwhentohandintheirwork.【S+V+IO+DO】Millieshoweduswhattodonext.【S+V+IO+DO】Danieltaughthimselfhowtouseaputertodraw.【S+V+IO+DO】=3\*GB3③第三种：动词+（宾语）+特殊疑问词+名词+todosth.Theyarediscussingwhichcolourtopaintthewalls.Youcanaskyourparentshowmuchmoneytotakewithyou.④第四种：be+形容词+特殊疑问词+todosth.【be+形容词，系表结构相当于谓语动词】Suzywasnotsurewhotoaskforhelp.Areyouclearwhentomeetatthegatetomorrow?★【特别区分】①Hefelloverwhenhewasrunninginthepark.【when引导时间状从】=Hefelloverwhenrunninginthepark.②Idon’tknowwhenIcanplayfootball.【when引导宾语从句】=Idon’tknowwhentoplayfootball.③Whenwewillgoonapicnichasn’tbeendecided.【when引导主语从句】=Whentogoonapicnichasn’tbeendecided.【语法】使用：must和haveto.must必须(主观意愿或制度/法规)eg:Wemustkeepquietinthelibrary.Wemuststudyhard.mustn’t禁止(制度/法规,语气强烈)eg:Youmustn’tsmokehere.haveto不得不，必须(客观需求)eg:Ihavetobringmyumbrellabecauseoftherain.don’thaveto不必=don’tneedto=needn’t例句：Youdon’tneedtohandinthehomeworktoday.Youcanhanditintomorrow.【回顾】MustIhandinmyhomeworknow?No,youneedn’t.Youcanhanditintomorrow.(Yes,youmust.)【must提问，肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t和don’thaveto】基础练习单项选择Boysandgirls,Iwilltellyou________,andyoucandoit________.A．howtodoit;byyourself B．whattodo;byyourselfC．whattodo;onyourown D．howtodo;alone2．—Wow,Wendy,it’scooltomakeashortvideowithyourmobilephone.—JustwithasoftwarecalledJianying.Letmeshowyou________.A．whichtouse B．howtouseitC．whattouse D．whethertouseit3.IhavetroubleworkingouttheMathsproblem.Idon’tknow________forhelp.A．whotoask B．howtoask C．whento D．whatto4.—Whichdressdoyoulikebest,madam?—Sorry,Ican’tdecide________.A．buywhichone B．tobuywhichone C．whichonetobuy D．whichIshouldbuyit5．Thelonelygirlhadfewclosefriends,soshedidn’tknow________abouttheproblem.A．whentotalk B．whototalkto C．howtotalk D．whattotalk6．—IfeellonelybutIdon’tknowwho________.—Whynotturntoyourclassmates?A．totalk B．totalkto C．talksto D．totalkabout7．—Wouldyoupleasegiveussomegoodadviceabouthow________ourlivingenvironment?—Withpleasure.A．improve B．toimprove C．toimproving D．improving8．—Hi,Ellie!Canyoutellmewhen________fortheDisneyland?—Sure,tomorrowafternoon.A．leaves B．leaving C．toleave D．willleave9．WeplantogotoHangzhouonMayDay,butwehaven’tdecided_____.A．wheretogo B．howtogo C．whentogo D．whotogo10．—Haveyoudecided________,Amy?

—Sorry,Ihavetroublemakingdecisions.A．tobuywhichone B．buywhichoneC．whichoneshouldyoubuy D．whichonetobuy11．—Hurryup,Mark!You’dbetter________theroadasquicklyaspossible.—No,you________.Don’tyouseethelightisstillred?A．cross;couldn’t B．tocross;mustn’t C．cross;mustn’t D．tocross;needn’t12．Cars,busesandbikes________stopwhenthetrafficlightschangetored.A．must B．may C．need D．can13．Listenup,boysandgirls.Everyone_________wearamask.Goandbuyoneifyoudon’thaveone.A．can B．may C．must D．could14．—MustIpletethewritingtoday,sir?—No,you________.Youmay________tomorrowmorning.A．mustn’t;handitin B．don’thaveto;handitinC．needn’t;handinit D．can’t;handinit15．—MustIhandinmyDIYjobbefore7o’clock?—No,you________.Youmay________tomorrow.A．needn’t;handinitB．mustn’t;handitinC．don’thaveto;handitin D．mustn’t;handinit词汇运用（23梅岭期中）66.Speechisthefastestmethodof (交流)betweenpeople.67.Hehasn’tseenhisparentsforalongtime,sohe themverymuch.(想念)68.Hespentabout100 (美元)buyingthispairofshoeslastweek.Nancyisstanding (对面)mewavingtomehappily.Afterourshipcrashed (碰、撞)therocks,IswamasfarasIcould.71.Themaincharacterinthenovelsailedtheseatolookfor treasure.(hide)72.Haveyouever (speak)toaforeigner?73.Therehavebeen (fly)betweenNanjingandsince2008.74.Broadwayhasbeenfamousforitstheaterssincethe (twenty)75.Readingbooksisagoodwaytoimproveour (know).基础阅读完形填空Linlinishelpinghisgrandfathercleanthestoreroom.Suddenlyhefoundtwoold31HisgrandfatherpulledthesetwotelevisionsoutandtoldLinlinthestoryofthem.Thefirstonewasblackandwhite.Itwas32inthe1980s.Atthattime33intheirtownownedaTVexceptthem.Allthefamilieswereexcitedtoseethiselectronicequipment(电子设备)34itarrived.Grandfatherputatallantenna(天线)ontheroofsothatthey35getthesignals.Allthefamilymembersandsomeneighborsgatheredtogetherto36theTVprograms.Thengrandfatherpointedtothe37one.TheycouldusearemotecontroltoturnonthiscolorTVorchangethe38.Thistelevisionhasbroughtmorehappinesstochildren.39ausefulinventionthetelevisionwas!Manyyearspassed.Televisionshavechangedgreatly40theirbirth.NowLinlincanbothwatchTVprogramsandplaygameson41.Hecanevenusehisvoiceorhisgesturesto42themoderntelevisions.TheyarealsoabletoreplyLinlinsoon.43,Linlincanproject(投射)music,videosandmorefromhismobiledeviceontotheTVscreen.SometimesLinlinhasvideocalls44hisfriends.Linlin45thattelevisionswillbesmarterandsmarter.Doyouagreewithhim?31．A．telephones B．puters C．televisions D．radios32．A．found B．bought C．shut D．invented33．A．anybody B．nobody C．somebody D．everybody34．A．when B．if C．though D．unless35．A．must B．should C．need D．could36．A．describe B．make C．watch D．report37．A．first B．second C．third D．fifth38．A．ideas B．directions C．plans D．programs39．A．How B．Where C．What D．Why40．A．since B．until C．before D．after41．A．him B．her C．it D．them42．A．control B．produce C．destroy D．train43．A．However B．Besides C．Instead D．Luckily44．A．of B．against C．in D．with45．A．doubts B．wonders C．believes D．decides缺词填空Whenotherpeopledobadthingsandhurtyou,whatdoyoudo?Forgive(原谅)themo46stayangry?Confucius（孔子）,oneoftheg47teachersinancientChina,showedhisanswertothisquestioninTheAnalectsofConfucius(论语).Ifapersonhurthim,Confuciussaidthathewouldforgivehim.Inhisopinion,peoplearenotp48.Noonecanavoidmakingm49anddoingbadthings.Ifpeoplejustrememberothers’badactionsintheirdailylife,theywillbeeu50andnarrowminded.So,whynotletthebadthingsofthepastgoandlookforwardtothefuture?ThefamoushistorystoryofGuanZhongandDukeHuanofQi(齐桓公)duringtheSpringandAutumnPeriodisangoode51forus.GuanZhongoncet52tokillDukeHuanofQi.ButwhenthedukecametounderstandthatGuanhadtheabilitytolookafterhiskingdom,hedidn’tholdontoGuan’spastmistakesandi53forgavehim.So,Guanlosthimselfinhelpingthedukewithallhisheartandsoul.Together,theymadethekingdomb54thanitwas.Butlettinggoofbadthingsinthepastdoesn’tr55meanforgettingthem.Instead,weshouldlearnfromthemsothatwewon’tmakethesamemistakeslater.课后练习单项选择（23梅岭期中）IsBerlin Europeancity?Itisabeautifulcityin Germany.A.a;/ B.a;the C.an;the D.an;/HaveyouvisitedNancyinrecently?I’veforgottenwhereshe lives.A.closely B.widely C.exactly D.mostlyExcuseme,couldyoupleasetellme ?Iforgotaboutit.Onlyinfiveminutes.You'dbetterhurryupifyoudon'twanttomissthebeginning.A.howsoonwillthefilmbegin B.howsoonthefilmwillbeginC.howlonghasthefilmbeenon D.howlongthefilmhasbeenonWhendidMary John?It threeyearssincetheyfellinlovewitheachother.A.marry;is B.getmarriedwith;hasbeenC.getmarriedto;was D.marryto;isWhendidAndygotoHe thecitysincetwodaysago.A.wentto B.hasgoneto C.hasbeento D.hasbeenindidn'tknow Iwanttoseeyouagain.yearshaspassedsinceIlastsawyou.howmuch B.howlong C.howoften D.howWhichofthefollowingsentencesisanopinion?Mostofmyoldfriendshavemovednoteasytogetusedtothechangesoflifequickly.LastSundaywespentthewholedayatDisneyland.D．KittyisreadingAroundtheinEightHoursthesedays.23.Haveyoufinishedthenovel? .I'mstillworkingonit.already B.Notyet ever D.No,never24.Ahardworkingmanbeeasuccessfulman,butasuccessfulmanbehardworkingman.A.can’t;can B.maynot;can C.can’t;must D.maynot;mustHasyourunclereturnedfromShanghai?he thereforaweekandsayshe there.A.stayed,wasn’tusedtostaying B.hasstayed,didn’tusetostayingC.hasstayed,didn’tusetostay D.stayed,wasn’tusedtostay26.Icandriveyoutothesupermarketifyouwait.No,Iwillwalk.Thanks, .A.too B.otherwise C.anyway D.however27.Whendidyougotobedlastnight? A.Since11o’clock. B.Sincemymothercameback.C.UntilIfinishedmyhomework. D.NotuntilmyfatherreturnedfromworkAreyougoinganywhere?I aboutshoppingwithmum,butnowIhavechangedmymind.A.think B.hadthought C.thought D.havethoughtCouldyoutellmehowmanybooksIcanborrow ?Sorry, atall.Ourputersystemhasbrokendown.atatime,none B.fromtimetotime,nothing C.ontime,none D.attimes,nothing30.Doyoumindmy_ here? .notgoodforanybody.A.smoking;No,ofcoursenot. B.tosmoke;No,goahead.C.smoking;betternot. D.tosmoke;ofcourse.wasahewasdoubtfulwhetherhewouldlivebeyondHeastruggledstartbreathing.Oliverfoughthisfirstbattlewithoutmuchhelpfromtwopeoplepresentathisbirth.Onewasanoldwoman,whowasnearlyalwaysdrunk,otherwasabusylocalnotpaidenough.Oliverhishisoftheby“Let，die.”Thedoctorturnedawaythefire,wherehebeenwarminghismustnottalkaboutdyingyet,”heherHegaveherthechildhold.kissedtheonfellback“Poordear!”saidthenurse,hurriedlyputtingagreenbottlebackthepocketofherlongskirt.Thedoctorbeganputonhiscoat.“Thebabyweakandwillprobablyhave,”He“Ifamilkat“Thewasagoodlookinggirl.Wheredidsheefrom?”"Shewasbroughtherelastnight,"repliedtheoldwoman.“ShewasfoundShe'dwalkeddistance,judgingbyshoes,whichwerewornpieces.from,whereshewasgoingto,orwhathernamewas,nobodyknows.”TheleftweddingIAh!Goodnight.”sowaslefthishehaveaaButhimhewhathewas—孤儿aaofIfhewasahavewassowasaalloftoomuchfoodortoomuchclothing.Mrs.Mann,womanwho"lookedveryexperience.Sheknewwhatwasgoodforchildren,andafullwastheirhealth.Shealsoknewwhatwasgoodforherself,shekeptforherthemoneythatshewasgivenforthechildren'sfood.Thewhowasresponsiblecheckedonthehealthofthechildren,buttheyalwaysthebeadle,aoflocalpoliceman,announcetheirvisitthedaybefore.Sowhenevertheboardarrived,alwaysneatandclean.ThiswasthewayOliverwasbroughtup.attheageofninehewasachildandshortforhisage.ThoughwasoftenbeatenMrs.waswasprobablythereasonwhyhemanagedreachtheageofnineatall.Onfrontatwhoworkedwithupbewaskept43.Accordingthepassage,aworkhousewaswhere______.A.manywomendiedunexpectedlyB.workershelpedeachthepoorD.？A.washimC.Frightenedatthesightoftwo,hestartedD.Afterall,deathwasamoneventtheworkhouse.o