2021下半年教师资格考试初中英语真题及答案

试卷科目：教师资格考试初中英语2021下半年教师资格考试初中英语真题及答案PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber/SECTIONPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages2021下半年教师资格考试初中英语真题及答案第1部分：单项选择题，共20题，每题只有一个正确答案,多选或少选均不得分。[单选题]1.______Thamesisfamousthroughouttheworldforitshistory,itsculture,etc.A)AB)AnC)/D)The答案:D解析:本题考查冠词。句意：泰晤士河以其历史、文化等闻名于世。泰晤士河为地名，专有名词，使用定冠词the修饰。故本题选D。[单选题]2.Thedancerand______hasalreadyarrivedattheconcerthall.A)singerB)asingerC)thesingerD)singers答案:A解析:本题考查冠词和主谓一致。句意：舞蹈演员兼歌手已经到达了音乐厅。由谓语动词?hasarrived?可知，谓语动词为单数，因此主语是单数。一个定冠词the修饰dancerandsinger，意为?舞蹈演员兼歌手?，是同一个人。故本题选A。[单选题]3.Thereasonwhyshedidn?tshowupatthepartyis______shegotstuckinatrafficjam.A)asB)becauseC)forD)that答案:D解析:本题考查名词性从句。句意：她没有在聚会上露面的原因是她遇上了交通堵塞。分析句子成分可知，本句主句为?Thereasonis…?，thereason后跟定语从句?whyshedidn?tshowupattheparty?，is为主句谓语动词，空处引导表语从句，从句中不缺成分，语义完整，应用从属连词that引导。故本题选D。[单选题]4.Thewordformationprocessof?math（s）?from?mathematics?is______.A)backformationB)conversionC)clippingD)blending答案:C解析:本题考查形态学。截短法（clipping）是指通过删掉一个或更多音节的方式缩短多音节词的方法。而math（s）是mathematics截短而来，词义词性不变。backformation意为?逆向构词法?；conversion意为?转类法?；blending意为?缩合法?。故本题选C。[单选题]5.Themoviewassopopularthatitwas______onemoreweek.A)extendedB)delayedC)upliftedD)suspended答案:A解析:本题考查动词辨析。句意：这部电影太受欢迎了，又延长了一个星期。extended意为?延长?；delayed意为?延迟?；uplifted意为?提升?；suspended意为?暂停?。根据句意可知此处指的是电影上映时间延长。故本题选A。[单选题]6.Thetwocatscouldbe______onlybythenumberofringsontheirtails,otherwisetheywereexactlyalike.A)separatedB)dividedC)disconnectedD)differentiated答案:D解析:本题考查动词辨析。句意：这两只猫只能根据尾巴上环的数量来区分，否则它们完全是一样的。separated意为?分离，分割?；divided意为?分，分配?；disconnected意为?断开；切断?；differentiated意为?区分；辨别?。根据句意，故本题选D。[单选题]7.WhichofthefollowingsetsofEnglishconsonantshasthesamemannerofarticulation?A)/p,b,k,g/B)/m,θ,s,ʃ/C)/t,d,tr,dr/D)/d,ʃ,θ,ð/答案:A解析:本题考查语音学。句意：以下哪组英语辅音的发音方式相同？A项/p,b,k,g/均为爆破音，符合题干要求；B项中/m/为鼻音，/s/、/θ/、/ʃ/为摩擦音；C项中/t/、/d/为爆破音，/tr/、/dr/为塞擦音；D项/d/为爆破音，/ʃ/、/θ/、/ð/为摩擦音。故本题选A。[单选题]8.Whichofthefollowingshowsthecorrectwordstressfor?nationalistic??A)/ˌnæʃnəˈlɪstɪk/B)/ˌˈnæʃnəlɪstɪk/C)/næ'ʃnəlɪstɪk/D)/ˌnæʃnəlɪsˈtɪk/答案:A解析:本题考查音系学。题干中询问?nationalistic?的重音位置，根据多音节词词尾有-eous,-grahpy,-ial,-ian,-ic,-ics,-ience,ient,-ify,-ion,-ious,-ity,-ive后缀的词，重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。所以重音位置在倒数第二个音节上。故本题选A。[单选题]9.InterlanguagereferstoasystemofrulesdevelopedinthemindsofL2learners,whichhassomefeaturesof______plussomethatareindependentof______.A)theL1,theL1B)theL2,theL2C)theL1andL2,theL1D)theL1andL2,theL1andL2答案:D解析:本题考查语言和语言学习。interlanguage为中介语，是指中介语是指第二语言学习者建构起来的介于母语和目的语之间的过渡性语言，它处于不断的发展变化过程中，并逐渐向目的语靠近。由定义可知，中介语具有母语和目标语的特点，但是又独立于二者。故本题选D。[单选题]10.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutthesecondlanguagedevelopment?A)Receptiveskillsmaydevelopsimultaneouslywithproductiveskills.B)Productiveskillsaremucheasiertobeacquiredthanreceptiveskills.C)Receptiveandproductiveskillsaresusceptibletofirstlanguageinfluence.D)ReceptiveandproductiveskillsdevelopequallywellformostL2learners.答案:C解析:本题考查语言和语言学习。第二语言学习的学习过程为?输入--建构--输出?，因此输入和输出是先后进行的，一般而言，输入比输出简单。而且，二语习得非常容易受到母语的影响。A、B、D三项表述错误。故本题选C。[单选题]11.Whenteachingpronunciation,ateachershouldincludephonemes,stress,intonationand______inthesyllabus.A)consonantB)vowelC)rhythmD)speech答案:C解析:本题考查《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》分级标准。在语言知识二级标准中语音模块，有要求?了解英语语音包括连读、节奏、停顿、语调等现象?，rhythm意为?节奏?。故本题选C。[单选题]12.Ifateacherasksstudentsinclass,?Whendoweusepassivevoiceinourdailylife??,he/sheistryingtodrawstudents?attentiontothe______ingrammarteaching.A)meaningB)functionC)formD)sound答案:B解析:本题考查语法教学。根据题干可知，老师询问的被动句型在日常生活中的具体应用，因此，老师提问的目的是引导学生关注语法的功能，而不是结构、意义或者发音。故本题选B。[单选题]13.Whenusingsuchsentencesas?Alongtimeago.../Then.../Afterwards.../Intheend...?inareadingclass,ateacherisprobablyteachinglanguageatthe______.A)lexicallevelB)discoursallevelC)grammaticallevelD)phonologicallevel答案:B解析:本题考查语篇教学。语篇中的逻辑连接是指相邻句子或句群之间的连接关系，它可以通过连接性词语，表明句子之间的语义联系，甚至可以从前文句子的逻辑上预见后文句子的语义。根据题干可知，这堂阅读课是按照时间顺序讲解的，因此是在语篇层面分析。故本题选B。[单选题]14.WhenateacherasksthestudentstolistentoarecordingtofindoutJohn?sflightnumberandarrivaltime,whatskilldoeshe/shefocuson?A)Inferringopinionandattitude.B)Extractingspecificinformation.C)Gettingthegeneralinformation.D)Deducingmeaningfromcontext.答案:B解析:本题考查听力教学。题干中明确指出，让学生听具体的航班和到达时间，这是听力教学中获取细节信息的能力。故本题选B[单选题]15.Whatactivityarestudentsengagedinwhentheyreadeachother?swritings,providefeedbackandmakesuggestionsforrevisionbeforetheirteachergradesthem?A)Discussing.B)Brainstorming.C)Peerreviewing.D)Draftreviewing.答案:C解析:本题考查写作教学。在写作教学写后环节，可以自评、互评、师评，由题干表述可知强调的是同伴之间的评价。故本题选C[单选题]16.Whatisateachertryingtodowhenhe/sheasksthestudentstodescribewhattheyknowaboutpolicemenbeforereadingastoryaboutthem?A)Toreviewapassage.B)Tomakeacomment.C)Toprovideatitle.D)Tobuildaschema.答案:D解析:本题考查阅读教学。老师要求学生在阅读关于警察的故事前描述他们对警察的了解，是尝试做什么？A项toreviewapassage意为?复习课文?；B项tomakeacomment意为?做出评论?；C项toprovideatitle意为?提供标题?；D项tobuildaschema意为?构建图式?。阅读前活动目的是使学生在较短时间内了解与所要阅读材料相关的信息；激活有关话题的背景知识，帮助学生尽快进入文章角色；激发学生阅读的兴趣，为下一步的阅读做好准备。该老师阅读有关警察的文章前，让学生进行自我描述讨论，激活相关背景知识，构建图式。故本题选D。[单选题]17.Whichofthefollowingisadisplayquestionusedbyteachersinclass?A)Whathappenedtothegirlinthestory?B)Whatwouldyoudoifyouwerethegirlinthestory?C)DoyoulikethisstorytheThumbGirl,whyorwhynot?D)Whydoyouagreethatthegirlwasakind-heartedperson?答案:A解析:本题考查课堂提问与教学反馈。句意：下列哪个问题属于教师在课堂上使用的展示性问题？A项?这个女孩发生了什么？?；B项?如果你是故事里的女孩，你会像她一样表现吗？?；C项?你喜欢拇指姑娘的故事吗，为什么？?；D项?你认为这个女孩是个热心人吗？?。展示性问题指的是教师已经知道答案或者答案能在相关工具中找到，用于检查学生对课文内容的字面理解的问题。A项属于展示性问题，而其他三项均属于参考性问题，即教师所提问题没有预设的答案，目的是使学生发散思维、寻求信息。故本题选A。[单选题]18.Whatdoesateacherwantthestudentstodowhenhe/sheasksthemtofindawordofsimilarmeaningto?germinate?inaparagraph?A)Todeducemeaningfromthecontext.B)Toanalyzewordmeaningbyusingsyntax.C)Toidentifynewwordsbyusingsynonyms.D)Toapplygrammaticalrulestoguessmeaning.答案:C解析:本题考查词汇教学。句意：当老师要求学生在段落中找到一个与?萌芽?意思相似的词时，他/她希望学生做什么？A项?从上下文推断意义?；B项?用句法分析词义?；C项?用同义词识别生词?；D项?运用语法规则猜测意思?。老师让学生用意思相近寻找单词，采用了用同义词识别生词，体现了词汇教学呈现的策略。故本题选C。[单选题]19.Atwhatstageofalessonisateacherlikelytoconductabrainstormingactivityaboutatopic?A)Producing.B)Checking.C)Leading-in.D)Practicing.答案:C解析:本题考查教学设计中的导入。句意：在课程的哪个阶段，老师可能会就某个主题进行头脑风暴活动？Producing意为?产出?；Checking意为?检查?；Leading-in意为?导入?；Practicing意为?练习?。头脑风暴是一种针对某个话题，学生进行已有知识的调动活动，能够激发兴趣、建立新旧知识之间的联系、引出内容，符合导入环节的作用。故本题选C。[单选题]20.Whichofthefollowingactivitiesbestpromotesthedevelopmentofstudents?communicativeskills?A)Doingmultiple-choicequestions.B)Sharinginformationwithpartners.C)Completingasummaryofthetext.D)Copyingsentencesfromthedictionary.答案:B解析:本题考查口语教学。题干问的是哪一项最能发展学生的交际能力。B项?与伙伴分享?可以发展学生的交际能力，另外三项都是机械性练习。故本题选B。第2部分：问答题，共4题，请在空白处填写正确答案。[问答题]21.Businessesthrowaroundtheterm?innovation?toshowthey?reonthecuttingedgeofeverythingfromtechnologyandmedicinetosnacksandcosmetics.Companiesaretoutingchiefinnovationofficers,innovationteams,innovationstrategiesandeveninnovationdays.Butthatdoesn?tmeanthecompaniesareactuallydoinganyinnovating.Instead,theyareusingthewordtoconveymonumentalchangewhentheprogressthey?redescribingisquiteordinary.Liketheonceubiquitousbuzzwords?synergy?and?optimization?,innovationisindangerofbecomingacliche-ifitisn?tonealready.?Mostcompaniessaythey?reinnovativeinthehopetheycansomehowconinvestorsintothinkingthereisgrowthwhenthereisn?t,?saysClaytonChristensen,aprofessoratHarvardBusinessSchool.Thedefinitionofthetermvarieswidelydependingonwhomyouask.ToBillHickey,chiefexecutiveofBubbleWrap?smaker,SealedAirCorp.,itmeansinventingaproductthathasneverexisted,suchaspackingmaterialthatinflatesondelivery.ToPfizerInc.?sresearchanddevelopmenthead,MikaelDolsten,itisextendingaproduct?sscopeandapplication,suchasexpandingtheuseofavaccineforinfantsthatisalsoeffectiveinolderadults.ScottBerkun,theauthorofthe2007bookTheMythsofInnovation,whichwarnsaboutthedilutionoftheword,saysthatwhatmostpeoplecallaninnovationisusuallyjusta?verygoodproduct?.Hepreferstoreservethewordforcivilization-changinginventionslikeelectricity,theprintingpressandthetelephone-and,morerecently,perhapstheiPhone.Mr.Berkun,nowaninnovationconsultant,advisesclientstobanthewordattheircompanies.?Itisachameleon-likewordtohidethelackofsubstance,?hesays.Thewordappealstolargecompaniesbecauseithasconnotationsofbeingagileand?cool?,?likestart-upsandentrepreneurs,?headds.Theinnovationtrendhasgivenbirthtoanattendantconsultingindustry,andFortune100companiespayinnovationconsultants$300,000to$1millionforworkonasingleproject,whichcanamountto$1millionto$10millionayear,estimatesBooz&Co.innovationstrategyconsultantAlexKandybin.Inaddition,fourintenexecutivessaytheircompanynowhasachiefinnovationofficer,accordingtoarecentstudyofthephenomenonreleasedlastmonthbyCapgeminiConsulting.Thefindings,basedonanonlinesurveyof260globalexecutivesand25in-depthinterviews,suggestthatsuchtitlesmaybemainly?forappearances?.Mostoftheexecutivesconcededtheircompaniesstilldon?thaveaclearinnovationstrategytosupporttherole.Ascompanieshavespedupproductcycles,thewordhascometosignifynotjustdoingsomethingnewbutalsodoingitmorequickly,hesays.答案:暂无解析:[问答题]22.根据题目要求完成下列任务，用国家通用语言文字作答。材料：在阅读教学中，有的教师倾向于采用从词语到句子、再到语篇的教学方法。简述采用此种方法的理论基础（8分），并指出该教学方法存在的两个优点（6分）和两个缺点。（6分）答案:(1)题干中所描述的教学模式为自下而上的阅读教学模式。自下而上的阅读教学模式受到行为主义理论的影响。该理论认为语言习得是一个?习惯形成?的过程,是?刺激-反应-强化?过程的结果,因此,阅读也被定义为各种阅读习惯的复合,是各项基本的阅读能力如语音能力、解码能力、词汇记忆及拓展能力的培养和强化的结果。阅读活动是从最小的语言单位开始的,即从对音素、字母、音节的理解开始,到单词、句子、段落、篇章的理解,整个过程是一个由低到高、自下而上的理解过程,一个从文字符号到文字意义的加工和理解的过程。(2)优点:①帮助学生尽可能多地接触、理解并记忆词汇,扫清阅读中的语言障碍。②能够培养学生最基本的阅读技能、发展学生的阅读能力。③适合英语学习初级阶段的学生,所学的阅读、听力等强调?部分?,采用这种教学模式使学生能够准确掌握单词、词组和语法,达到对整篇文章的正确理解和良好把握。(以上任选两点作答即可)(3)缺点:①在整个教学过程中,教师占主导地位,忽略了学生的主体性。②采用自下而上的阅读教学模式,不利于培养学生的阅读策略,如略读、寻读和精读,忽略了对学生自主学习能力的培养。③自下而上教学模式过于强调片段,割裂了学生对语篇整体层次的理解,不利于学生理解文章语篇,不利于形成整体学习观。(以上任选两点作答即可)解析:[问答题]23.根据题目要求完成下列任务，用国家通用语言文字作答。32.下面是一位教师的英语课堂教学片段。Teacher:Goodmorningclass!Wehadawonderfulpartyyesterday...Jack,whywereyouabsent!?Jack（inalowvoice）:Igotafeverandwenttoseeadoctor.Teacher:Iamsorry.lcan?thearyou.Tom,whatdidJacksay?Tom:Hegotafeverandwenttoseethedoctor.Teacher:Oh,Jacksaidthathehadgotafeverandgonetoseethedoctor.Nowwearegoingtolearntheindirectspeech.根据该教学片段从下面三个方面作答：答案:暂无解析:[问答题]24.根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。设计任务：阅读下面的学生信息和语言素材，设计15分钟的英语听说教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点∶●teachingobjectives●teachingcontents●keyanddifficultpoints●majorstepsandtimeallocation●activitiesandjustifications教学时间：15分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学初中八年级学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准（2011年版）》三级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：Helen:Hi,Tom.I?mmakingsomeplanstoworkinanoldpeople?shomethissummer.Tom:Really?Ididthatlastsummer!Helen:Oh,whatdidtheyaskyoutohelpoutwith?Tom:Mm…thingslikereadingthenewspapertotheoldpeople,orjusttalkingtothem.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.Helen:Thatsoundsinteresting.Tom:Yeah,alotofoldpeoplearelonely.Weshouldlistentothemandcareforthem.Helen:You?reright.Imean,we?reallgoingtobeoldoneday,too.答案:1.TeachingContentsItisaconversationbetweenHelenandTom.Theyaretalkingaboutthingsofworkingintheoldpeople?shome.2.TeachingObjectives(1)KnowledgeObjectives①Studentscanunderstandtheconversation.②Studentscanreadandusekeywordandphraseslikelonely,helpoutwith,andcarefor.③Studentscanimitatethetoneandemotionoftheconversationandroleplaytheconversation.(2)AbilityObjectiveStudentscanuseshouldtoofferadviceorhelpinrealsituation.(3)EmotionalObjectiveStudentscanlearntoofferhelptoothers.3.TeachingKeyPointHowtoguidestudentstoimitatethetoneandemotionoftheconversationandrole-playtheconversation.4.TeachingDifficultPointHowtoguidestudentstouse?should?toofferadviceorhelpinreallife.5.TeachingProceduresStep1Lead-in(1min)Theteacherpresentssomepicturesaboutvoluntaryworksuchascleaningthesquare,helpingtheoldmanacrosstheroad.Theteacherasksstudentstodescribethemandsharetheirfeelings.【Justification:Theteacherusepicturesaboutvoluntaryworktoleadintoday?stopic,stimulatingstudents?learninginterest.】Step2Presentation(6mins)(1)Studentslistentotheconversationandtrytotellthecontentofit.(2)Studentslistentherecordingagain,andtrytoanswerthequestions:WhatisHelengoingtodothissummer?WhatdidtheoldaskTomtohelpoutwith?WhatisTom?sadviceaboutthingsdonefortheold?(3)Studentslistenandreadaftertherecording,andtheteacherasksthemtopayattentiontotheintonationandpronunciationandexplainstostudentshowtouse?should?toofferadvice.【Justification:Studentslearnabouttheinformationintheconversationstepbystep.Guidestudentstousesomelisteningstrategies.Thusthestudentscanunderstandtheconversationandknowhowtouse?should?toofferadvice.】Step3Practice(4mins)(1)Roleplaytheconversation.Studentsarerequiredtoreadtheconversati