Unit2-高一英语单元速记巧练（人教版2019）

Unit2MoralsandVirtuesUnit2话题道德与美德词汇majorityplainappointretirereplacememorytearmoralvirtuefaintillustrateprecioushiredecadetendpublishsavingprinciplereplaceaccidentwhisperexportbitememorychaindisguisespillteardespairine短语carrysbthroughsthpassawayagreatdeal(of)beafraidtodosthcarrythroughthbeaffectedbyberesponsiblefortendtodosthshowinterestininmemoryoftripoverintearsindespairwithallone'smightagreatdeal(of)eacrosscrashinto句型what引导的名词性从句inwhich在句中引导定语从句If引导的虚拟语气语法动词ing形式作宾补和状语写作一则评论考点1．carrysbthroughsth帮助某人渡过难关拓展Carry:carrysbback使回想起，使回忆Carryon继续保持，经营，进行（生意，谈话）Carryonwithsth/doingsth继续做某事Carryoff成功地完成困难的事情Carryout实行，执行，进行，履行（诺言，义务）经典练单句语法填空①Hecarriedthespeech________welldespitefeelingverynervous.②You'llhaveanaccidentifyoucarry________drivinglikethat.③Hisdeterminationcarriedhim________theordeal(难关)．=4\*GB3④plansforthenewtheatre(reject)becausetoomuchmoneywasneeded答案：①off②on③through=4\*GB3④wererejected能力提升单句表达大海的气息勾起了她童年的回忆。Thesmellofthesea__________________________________．她需要一个清醒的头脑来执行命令。Sheneededaclearheadto______________________________.答案：carriedherbacktoherchildhoodcarryoutherinstructions考点2．ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalookintotheheartofthisamazingwoman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices．林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界，并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。[剖析]名词短语theheartofthisamazingwoman和宾语从句whatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices是and连接的并列成分，作介词into的宾语。拓展What引导的名词性从句即是主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句What在从句中作主语，宾语和表语What有一定的意义，经常表示有“什么，所……的”That也可以引导名词性从句，但它只起连接词的作用，在从句中不做句子成分。经典练单句语法填空①________peopleforgetisthattheItalians,whentheycametoAustralia,brought2，000yearsoftheirculture,theGreekssome3，000years,andtheChinesemorestill.②“Agoodnight'ssleepis________youwant，”hesaidfirmly.答案：①What②what能力提升单句表达③史蒂夫显得很迷惑，说他不知道我在说什么。Stevelookedblankandsaidhehadnoidea________________________．答案：③whatIwastalkingabout考点3．majorityn.大部分；大多数拓展a/themajorityof大多数.majorityn.大部分; inthe/amajority占多数大多数 themajorityof...作主语时，其后谓语动词的数取决于of之后的名词;themajority作主语时，谓语动词用单数或者复数均可n.专业major vi.主修(专业) majorin主修……;以……为专业 adj.主要的经典练单句语法填空①Themajorityofpeoplearoundhere________(be)decentpeople.②Hemajored________financeatClaremontMen'sCollegeinCalifornia.③Amongthemembersofthemitteethosewhofavourtheproposalchangesare________themajority.=4\*GB3④Ihavean(appoint)withTomtoday,butIneedtochangeit答案：①are②in③in=4\*GB3④appointment能力提升单句表达大部分雇员都有大学文凭。________________________________universitydegrees.答案：Themajorityoftheemployeeshave考点4．plainvi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚拓展plainvi.&vt.plain(tosb)about...(向某人)投诉/抱怨……plainof抱怨 plaintn.投诉;抱怨 makeaplaint提出投诉 经典练单句语法填空①Touristsplain________beingrippedoffbylocalcabdrivers.②I'vemadea________(plain)tothepoliceaboutthenoise.③Peopleplain________howchildrenspendsomuchtimeonputergames.=4\*GB3④Reportershavebegunmakingpredictionsaboutthewinneroftheing(elect).答案：①of②plaint③about=4\*GB3④election能力提升单句表达他愤懑地诉说他所受到的不公平待遇。____________________hehadbeenunfairlytreated.答案：Heplainedbitterlythat考点5．appointvt.任命；委派拓展appointvt.任命;委派 appointsbas/tobe...'任命某人为……appointsbtodosth委派某人做某事 appointmentn.任命;约会 have/makeanappointmentwithsb与某人有约 keep/breakanappointment守/违约 预约经典练单句语法填空①Itcanappointaforeignpany________(manufacture)itsproductunderlicence.②ThePrimeMinisterhasappointedacivilian________defenceminister.③I'dliketomakean________(appoint)withDrEvans,please.=4\*GB3④Lacingnecessarysocialexperience,teenagerstend(take)inbycheaters答案：①tomanufacture②as③appointment=4\*GB3④tobetaken能力提升单句表达她为儿子约定了看医生的时间。She________________forhersontoseethedoctor.答案：madeanappointment考点6．retirevi.&vt.退休；退职；退出拓展retirefrom...从:…退休退职;退出retirevi.&vt.退休;retireas...从……位置上退下来退职;退役retirementn.退休;afterretirement退休后退职的:退役的retiredadj.退休的;aretiredpilot一位退休的飞行员经典练单句语法填空①Hehasnoplanstoretire________editorofthemagazine.②Weallwishyoualongandhappy________(retire)．③________(retire)footballerssometimeschoosetobeemanagers.=4\*GB3④Thoughhisgrandfatherisold,heisstillquite(energy)andtravelsfromplacetoplace答案：①as②retirement③Retired=4\*GB3④energetic能力提升单句表达他明年从主管职位上退休。Hewill____________hisdirectorshipnextyear.答案：retirefrom考点7.replacevt.接替；取代；更换拓展replace...with/by...用……代替……replacevt.接替;取代;更换;放 replacesbas...取代某人而成为…… replacesthonsp把某物重新放在某处 taketheplaceofsb/sth(=takesb’s/sth'splace)代替某人/某物placen. 位置:职位inplaceofsb/sth(=insb's/sth'splace)代替某人/某物 outofplace位置不当;不适当经典练单句语法填空①Ourcitieswillbebetterplacesifwereplacecars________bicycles.②Tourismhasreplacedagriculture________thenation'smainindustry.=4\*GB3④Inmoderntimes,thebikecan’t(replace)bythecarasatraditionalformoftransportation.答案：①with②as=4\*GB3④bereplaced能力提升单句表达夹在这些事业有成的人中间，我觉得格格不入。Ifeltpletely________________amongallthesesuccessfulpeople.什么都不能取代真爱与家庭和睦。Nothingcanever________________realloveandfamilytogetherness.答案：outofplacetaketheplaceof考点8．passaway去世拓展pass其他相关短语passaway去世passout昏迷;失去知觉 passstharound传阅;挨个传递某物 passby经过;逝去 passsthdown流传;使世代相传 passon...(tosb)把……传递(给某人)passoff(顺利)进行 经典练单句语法填空①Heunfortunatelypassed________lastyear.②Thetraditionhasbeenpassed________fromfathertosonforgenerations.③Inearlypassed________whenIsawalltheblood.=4\*GB3④Sometimeshisclassmatestrytomakefunofhim,buthemakesno(respond)答案：①away②down③out=4\*GB3④response能力提升单句表达当地居民在老炮塔附近设立了一个博物馆，以便记住它的历史，并传递辛勤工作和不辞劳苦的革命精神的故事。Localresidentssetupamuseumneartheoldturretinordertorememberitshistoryand______________________andrestlessrevolutionaryspirit.答案：passonstoriesofthehardwork考点9．memoryn.记忆力；回忆拓展memoryn.记忆力;回忆inmemoryof作为对.…的纪念;为了纪念……haveagoodmemory记忆力好 memorableadj.难忘的;值得纪念的memorizevt.记住经典练单句语法填空①Hestudiedhismap,tryingto________(memory)thewaytoRose'sstreet.②Herspeechwas________(memory)foritspolemic(辩论方法)ratherthanitssubstance(内容)．=3\*GB3③Weareplanningtoholdapartyforourgrandparentstocelebratetheirfiftiethanniversaryof(marry)答案：①memorize②memorable=3\*GB3③marriage能力提升单句表达她记忆力很好，很容易记住事情。She________________andfindsiteasytoretainfacts.他创办了这一慈善事业以纪念他已故的妻子。Hefoundedthecharity________________hislatewife.答案：hasagoodmemoryinmemoryof考点10．tearn.眼泪；泪水拓展Tearn.眼泪;泪水burstintotears(=burstoutcrying)放声大哭intears流着泪;含着泪 Tearv.撕毁;拆除tearswellupinone'seyes. 某人热泪盈眶teardown.拆除 tear...apart使……分裂 tear...intopieces把……撕成碎片经典练单句语法填空①Warandrevolutionhavetornfamilies________．②Shewas________tearsoverthedeathofherpuppy.=3\*GB3③Formanyyears,the(major)ofIrishpeopleearnedtheirlivingsfarmers答案：①apart②in=3\*GB3③majority能力提升单句表达很多老旧的高层建筑被拆除，腾出地方来建造新住宅。Alotoftheoldtowerblocks____________________tomakewayfornewhousing.答案：havebeentorndown考点11．agreatdeal(of)大量拓展表达“大量;许多”后接可数名词复数agreat/largenumberofagood/greatmanyquiteafewdozensof/hundredsof等后接不可数名词agreatdealofmuchalargeamountof既可以接可数名词复数也可以接不可数名词alotof/lotsofplentyofalargequantityoflargequantitiesof经典练单句语法填空①Notunmonly,there________(be)agreatdealofraininAugust.②Asmallnumberofchildren________(be)educatedathome.=3\*GB3③Thepolicereceivedseveral(plain)aboutthenoisefromourparty.答案：①is②are=3\*GB3③plaints能力提升单句表达我今晚有很多家庭作业要做。I'vegot____________________homeworktonight.答案：alotof/agreatdealof语法点：动词ing形式作宾补和状语一、动词ing形式作宾语补足语动词ing形式作宾语补足语时，与宾语之间构成主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。用法:ing形式作宾语补足语的几种情况：表示感觉和心理状态的动词(短语)(常见的有feel，hear，listento，see,notice,observe,watch，lookat,find，think等)＋sb.＋doingsth.(作宾补)。Eg：Ifeltsomebodystandingbehindme.Eg：Isawthelittleboycryingthere.表示“致，使，让”意义的使役动词(常见的有have,keep,get,leave,set,catch等)＋sb./sth.＋doingsth.(作宾补)。注意let、make后不接ing作宾补Eg：Wekeptthefireburningallnightlong.with复合结构中，with＋名词/代词＋doing(作宾补)。Eg：Withsomanypeoplelookingather,shefeltnervous.[名师点津]使役动词接现在分词作宾语补足语表示“让……一直做某事”；接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语表示“让某人做某事”；接过去分词作宾语补足语，表示“主语请某人做某事，使完成某事或主语遭遇某事”。二、动词ing形式作状语动词ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致，可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、方式或伴随等。作时间状语，一般可转换成由when或while等引导的时间状语从句。Walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.＝When/While(shewas)walkinginthepark,shesawanoldfriend.作原因状语，一般可转换成由as或because等引导的原因状语从句。Beingill,hecouldn'tgotoschool.＝Ashewasill,hecouldn'tgotoschool.作条件状语，一般可转换成if,unless等引导的条件状语从句。Workinghard,you'llmakegreatprogress.＝Ifyouworkhard,you'llmakegreatprogress.作让步状语，一般可转换成though，although等引导的让步状语从句Beingtired,theystillwentonworking.＝Althoughtheyweretired,theystillwentonworking.\作结果状语Hisfatherdied,leavinghimalotofmoney.作方式状语Pleaseanswermyquestionusinganotherway.作伴随状语,可以转换为一个and并列句Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroom,readingabook.＝Marysatbythewindowoftheclassroomandwasreadingabook.注意：动词ing形式作结果状语时，通常放在句末，中间用逗号隔开，表示一种顺其自然、意料之中的结果。only后接不定式在句中作结果状语，表示意料之外的结果。eg：Ihurriedtoschool,onlytofinditwasSunday.注意：1．为强调动词ing形式表达的意义，可在其前加上各种连词。例如，加上when,while，before,after，(al)though等连词。2．动词ing形式作结果状语，表示随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果，前面有时候可以加thus。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果，有时前面可以加only。三、动词ing形式作状语的注意事项(一)动词ing形式的时态动词ing形式作状语时，一般式(doing)，完成式(havingdone)。(1)动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生时，用一般式。(2)动作先于谓语动词的动作而发生时，用完成式。①Walkinginthestreet,Imetsomeforeigners.②Havingfinishedtheletter,hewenttopostit.(二)动词ing形式的语态动词ing形式作状语时，一般式(doing)，完成式(beingdone)。使用主动式还是被动式，这主要取决于动作和句子主语之间的关系，二者之间是主动关系则用主动式，是被动关系则用被动式。Being_talked(talk)to,youshouldlookintotheeyesoftheperson.(三)动词ing形式的否定式：not＋doing;Notknowingthis,hedidn'te.他不知道这件事，所以没来。(四)独立主格结构①Thetreesareextremelytall,somemeasuringover90metres.②Theweatherbeingfine,wewentoutforawalk跟踪练习一用所给单词的适当形式填空Though_________（lack）money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity____________________（tell）thatsomeguestswereing,theygottheroomready________________（wait）inthequeueforhalfanhour,Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.4.Heranasfastashecould,________（hope）tocatchtheearlybus.5.________（feel）curiousaboutthetallblueeyedforeigners,hestaredatthemformorethantwentyminutes.6.Shereturnedhomeonlytofindthedooropenandsomething________（miss）7.Canyouimagineyourself__________（stay）inalonelyisland？8.I’msorrytokeepyou________（wait）foralongtime.答案：1lacking2Havingbeentold3Havingwaited4hoping5Feeling6missing7staying8waiting二语篇填空Marylookedatthebeautifulripeplums（梅子）.Shewouldmakelovelyjam.Whenshehadfinishedthe1.________（cook）,shefilledallheremptyjamjars,2.________（leave）th（learn）thathermotherwasinhospitalafteracaraccident,Marypickedupherbagandranoutofthehouse.Somedayslater,herhusband,John,camehomefromabusinesstrip.Hehadbeentravelingalldayandfeltlike4._______（have）adrinkandapieceofcake.5._________（enter）thekitchenhesawapanwithadarkredmessinsideitupandsmelledit.Itsmelledbad.6._________（think）Marymusthaveforgottentocleanthispan,hepouredallthejamintothechickenyardandcleanedthepan.Then7.________（feel）fortable,hebegantoeatapieceofcake.WhenMaryreturned,shenoticedthechickens8._________（behave）（see）aplumstone,shewentintothekitchen.Herhusbandwasatthetablereadinganewspaper.AngrilyMaryrusheduptohim10._________（shout）“Youthrewawaymyjam！”Herhusbandsaid,“I’msorry,butIthoughtitwasporridgethathadgonebadinthehotweather.”答案：1cooking2leaving3Havinglearned4having5entering6Thinking7feeling8behaving9seeing10shouting三用方框中的词的适当形式完成句子feel want face smilereturn worry hear knock1.________thathiswifehadbeeninjuredinanaccident,MrJohnsonhurriedtothehospital.2.Duringtheoperation,shesatinthewaitingroomforoveranhour________abouthim.3.Isawherwhisperingsomethingintohisear,obviouslynot________tobeheard.4.Hesuddenlywokeupatmidnightwhenheheardsomeone________athisdoor.5._______higherimportexportcosts,thepanyislookingforwaystosurvive.6._________fromtheNorthPole,thetravellerwroteabookabouthisexperienceandhaditpublishedthefollowingyear.7.Thechildlayonhermother'slap,_______sweetly.8._______hurtbytherejection,shebitherlipandquietlywalkedaway.答案：1hearing2worrying3wanting4knocking5Facing6Returning7smiling8Feeling写作升华【写作指导如何写评论】【文体剖析】书评、影评或文章评论是一种议论文体。这类文体主要包含两个部分:第一部分是先叙述文章(电影,书籍)大概的内容;第二部分再写其优缺点和你的感受或启示。根据字数还可以适当引用其他人的评价,再抒发自己的见解(同意或不同意+理由)。【单词补充】1.passage文章2.ment 评价3.remend 推荐4.highlight 亮点5.theme 主题6.lesson 教训7.principle 道理,原则8.berecognized 被认可9.learnfrom 从……中学到【好句赏析】1.Whatwecanlearnfromitisthatweshouldbekindandwillingtohelpothers.从中我们可以学到的是我们应该有善心,并乐于助人。2.ItisknowntousallthatthisnovelhasagreatinfluenceonthedevelopmentofChineseliterature.众所周知,这部小说对中国文学的发展有着积极的影响。3.ItisrecognizedthatkindnessanddiligencearebothtraditionalvirtuesofChinesepeople.公认的是,善良和勤劳是中国人民的传统美德。4.Ittellsusaprinciplethatweshouldstrengthenpeople’sawarenessofsocialresponsibility.它告诉我们一个道理:我们应该增强人们的社会责任意识。5.Istronglyhopethatyoucanhaveatryanditwon’tdisappointyou.我强烈希望你能试一试(读一读),它不会让你失望。【写作实践】假设你是李华,你打算向你的外国朋友Eric推荐一部最近刚刚看过的中文电影《流浪地球》。要点如下:1.观影时间和地点;2.电影亮点(科幻电影、保护地球……);3.推荐观影。注意:1.词数80左右2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇:科幻电影sciencefictionfilm流浪地球TheWanderingEarth【构思】【遣词】1.___________推荐2.______ 主题3.________ 共同的4.__________ 使……失望5._____________ 被认为是……

6.________________对……印象深刻

7._____________ 不遗余力

8._________ 尝试一下答案

Remend；Theme；mon；Disappoint；beregardedas；beimpressedwith；Sparenoeffort；Haveatry【造句】1.完成句子(1)我上周末在本地剧院看了这部电影。(2)这部电影被认为是中国电影史上最好的科幻片。(3)这部电影的主题给我留下了深刻印象。(4)这部电影的主题是关于保护地球。(5)我们应该不遗余力保护它。(6)我强烈希望你看看这部电影,它不会让你失望。2.句式升级(7)用非限制性定语从句提升(1)、(2)(8)用限制性定语从句提升(3)、(4)答案Isawthefilmatthelocaltheatrelastweekend.ThefilmisregardedasthebestsciencefictionfilminChinesefilmhistory.Iwasdeeplyimpressedwiththefilm’stheme.Thefilm’sthemeisaboutprotectingtheearth.Weshouldsparenoefforttoprotectit.Istronglyhopeyoucanhaveatryandthefilmwillneverdisappointyou!Isawthefilmatthelocaltheatrelastweekend,whichisregardedasthebestsciencefictionfilminChinesefilmhistory.An