2023届山东省临沂市高三一模英语试题(含答案解析)

2023届山东省临沂市高三一模英语试题

学校:姓名：班级：考号：

一、阅读理解

Asalanguagelearningenthusiast,FvecomeupwiththebestappsforlearningEnglish

fromthethousandsofmobileappsoutthere.

BestforPronunciation:ELSASpeak

ELSASpeakisprobablythebestmobileapparoundforhelpingyouimproveyour

Englishpronunciation.Theapp'sgreateststrengthisitsintensiveAIfeedback,butELSAalso

providesmini-trainingsessionstoreallyperfectyourpronunciation.TheAIanalyzesyour

recordingsbasedonpronunciation,intonationandfluencythenpointsoutexactlywhichparts

soundinaccurate.

BestforImmersinginEnglishVideos:FluentU

FuentUisalanguagelearningappthatteachesyouEnglishthroughauthenticvideoslike

newsreports,moviescenesandinterviews,withlearnertoolsforalllevels.Eachcliphas

interactivesubtitlessoifyou'renotsurewhatawordmeans,youcanhoveroveritandgetin

explanation.Theappalsogivesvideoexamplesforeachwordsoyoucanlearnvocabularyin

context.

BestforPracticalTopics:Babbel

BabbelhasyoulearnandpracticeEnglishwithrealisticconversationsthatsurround

thingsthatyou'repersonallyinterestedin.Lessonsareshortandconsistofwrittenandaudio

versionsofthegrammarfeaturedinthelessons.Thenyouareabletocompletepractice

exercisestosolidifyyourunderstanding.

BestforFunBeginnerLessons:Lingodeer

LingodeerusesgamesandshortexercisestoteachbeginnerandintermediateEnglish

learners.Lingodeertakesagamifiedapproachtolanguagelearningwithagoal-oriented

curriculumconsistingofstructuredlessonsandregularreviews.Lingodeer'slessonsare

arrangedaccordingtothemes,suchassports,weather,partsofthebodyandshopping.

1.WhatisthefeatureofELSASpeak?

A.Itanalyzeslearners?recordings.B.Itprovidesguidancefbrlearners.

C.Itgiveslearnershelpfulfeedback.D.Itimproveslearners?communication

skill.

试卷第1页，共10页

2.Whichappprovidesvideosaslearningresources?

A.FluentU.B.ELSASpeak.C.BabbeLD.Lingodeer.

3.WhatcanlearnersdowiththeappLingodeer?

A.Designgames.B.Studyaroundatheme.

C.Structurelessons.D.Takeadvancedcourses.

FromSantaBarbaratoScotland,strangersarebecomingfriendsbygoingonbikerides

together.TheygetpairedupbyCyclingWithoutAge,anorganizationthathelpsseniorsgo

forbikerides,eveniftheycan'tpedalthemselves.

HughLyonandDavidLawrence,whoareroughly20yearsapartinage,havebeen

ridingtogetherfbryears.The56-year-oldLawrenceservesasa“pilot"，drivingthe

trishaw——abikewithapassengerseatinthefrontthatCyclingWithoutAgeusesfbrtheir

rides.Theygofbrridesaboutonceaweek,oftendiscussingthehistoryoftheirtown.

“Despitemydeceasedparents,itgivesmeaconnectionwithpeoplefromanolder

generation,saidLawrence,4fcandIenjoyspendingtimewiththemandhearingtheirstories.”

Thepairhaveformedafriendshipoutsideofcycling.LawrencesaidhecallsLyonoften

andgoestothegymwithhimtohelphimwithexerciseshecan'tdoonhisown.

OleKassow,whofoundedCyclingWithoutAge,saidthat'sthepoweroftheprogram.

“Thetrulypowerfulthingaboutthesebikeridesisthattheytiepeopleandstoriestogetherto

createnewrelationships,hetoldCBSNews.uInmyfriendships—andtheabilitytoform

newrelationshipsatanyage——arewhatdefineagoodlife,andoftenalsoalongandhappy

li电”

JohnBoettnerstartedtheSantaBarbarachapter.Hehasonerulefbrpassengers."They

say,4WhatdoesitcostifI'mgoingtogofbraride?'Isay,'Here'swhatitcosts:Youhaveto

wave.Ifyoudon'twave,Tmgoingtokickyouout,'"hejoked.Hesaidhelikeswhenthey

hitredlights,becauseitgivesthemachancetoconnectwithpeopleontheroad.''Drivingthe

trishawisthebestadvertisementforCyclingWithoutAge”,Boettnersaid,“Whenyoutakea

101-year-oldwomanfbrabikerideandsheholdsyourhandtightandsaysthankyouand

givesyouakissonthecheek,itdoesn'tgetanybetterthanthat.”

4.WhatdidLawrencebenefitfromCyclingWithoutAge?

A.Pickingupforgottenstories.B.Improvinghishealthcondition.

C.Understandinghisparents5love.D.Creatingarelationshipwithseniors.

试卷第2页，共10页

5.WhydidOleKassowmention“fHendships”?

A.Tosharethepleasureofcycling.B.Tostatethenatureofhappiness.

C.Toshowthevalueoftheprogram.D.Tointroducethedefinitionofagoodlife.

6.WhatcanwelearnfromBoettner?swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Theprogramneedstobeadvertised.B.Passengershavetopayfortheirrides.

C.Redlightsconnectpeopleontheroad.D.Bikeridersfeelfulfilledbyoffering

rides.

7.Whatmessagedoesthepassageconvey?

A.Asweetfrienshiprefreshesthesoul.B.Bearainbowinsomebodyelse'scloud.

C.Don'tgothroughlife,growthroughlife.D.Happinessisajourney,notadestination.

Foranyonetryingtoloseweight,there'satruthwecanalluniversallyacknowledgethat

betterhealthisoftenpositionedasanumbersgame.Hittherightnumber,andallyourhealth

problemswillmagicallyresolve,sothelogicgoes.Yetincreasingly,scienceisrevealingthat

losingweightmaynotbeasilverbulletafterall.Inamousestudypublishedinthejournal

Science,lookingspecificallyataninflammatory（炎症的）eyeconditionlinkedtoobesity

calledmaculardegeneration（黄斑退化），researchersfoundthestruggleforbetterhealth

doesn'tnecessarilybeginandendwithweightloss.

Researchersconductedexperimentsonmicethatwerefedahigh-fatdietfbr11weeks,

makingthemgainweight.Themicewerethenputonadietoflow-fatfoodfbr9weeks,

makingthemloseweight.Anothergroupofmiceonlyatethelow-fatdietasacontrol.

Researchersshotlasersintotheeyesofboththeyo-yodietermiceandthecontrolmiceto

encourageatypicalbloodvessel（非典型性血管）growth,amarkofmaculardegeneration.

Amongthemicethathadgainedandthenlostweight,therewasabout40percentmore

atypicalbloodvesselgrowththantheirstabledietpeers.Drivingthegrowthappearedtobe

macrophages（巨噬细胞）.Intheyo-yodietermice,thesecellshadbeenreprogrammedto

causeinflammation.Takentogether,thesecellsappearedtohaveanoutsizeroleinatypical

bloodvesselgrowthintheeyes.Meanwhile,inthemicefedonlyalow-fatdiet,inflammatory

changeswereabsent.Theresultssuggestthateatingahigh-fatdietthatcausesweightgain,

eveniffollowedbyweightloss,leavesaninflammatorymarkonmousemacrophages.

Theresearchcomesduringaperiodofrenewedinterestinanti-obesitydrugs.But

medicinesthathelppeopleshedpoundsdonottreatinflammationlinkedtoahistoryof

试卷第3页，共10页

weightgain.4tHowtoengagethesefindingswithmedicineinterventionsisachallenge,,9says

Bapat,headoftheresearch.

8.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“asilverbullet“underlinedinparagraph1?

A.Aworkablesolution.B.Atoughchoice.

C.Anultimateobjective.D.Amajorchallenge.

9.Howdoresearcherscarryouttheexperiment?

A・Bymakingcomparison.B.Bylistingexamples.

C.Bycontrolingtestmethods.D.Byanalyzingdietcomponents.

10.Whatcanwelearnabouttheresearchresults?

A.Stabledietingdrivesthegrowthofmacrophages.

B.Reprogrammedcellsaretoblameforweightgain.

C.Inflammatorychangesarecausedbythelow-fatdiet.

D.Losingweightdoesn'tresolvetheinflammationtiedtoweightgain.

11.Whatwilltheresearchfocusonnext?

A.Exploringwaysoflosingweight.B.Trackingthehistoryofweightloss.

C.Treatingobesity-linkedinflammation.D.Boostinginterestinanti-obesitydrugs.

Anewkindofsolarpanel,developedattheUniversityofMichigan,hasachievedhigh

efficiencyintransformingwaterintohydrogenandoxygen——imitatingacrucialstepin

naturalphotosynthesis（光合作用）.Theoutdoorversionoftheexperiment,withlessreliable

sunlightandtemperature,achieved6.1%efficiencyatturningtheenergyfromthesuninto

hydrogenfuel.However,indoors,thesystemachieved9%efficiency.

Butthebiggestbenefitisdrivingdownthecostofsustainablehydrogen.Thisisenabled

byreducingthesizeofthesemiconductor（半导体）,typicallythemostexpensivepartofthe

device.Theteam'sself-healingsemiconductorwithstandsconcentratedlightequivalentto

160suns.

“Webelievethatartificialphotosynthesisdeviceswillbemuchmoreefficientthan

naturalphotosynthesis,whichwillprovideapathtowardcarbonneutrality,saidZetianMi,

U-MprofessorofelectricalandcomputerengineeringwholedthestudyreportedinNature.

Thenewtechnologyhastwoadvances.Thefirstistheabilitytoconcentratethesunlight

withoutdestroyingthesemiconductorthattrapsthelight.4tWereducedthesizeofthe

semiconductorbymorethan100timescomparedtosomesemiconductorsonlyworkingat

试卷第4页，共10页

lowlightintensity,“saidPengZhou,U-Mresearchfellowinelectricalandcomputer

engineeringandfirstauthorofthestudy."Hydrogenproducedbyourtechnologycouldbe

verycheap.^^

Andthesecondisusingboththehigherenergypartofthesolarspectrum（光谱）tobreak

downwaterandthelowerpartofthespectrumtoprovideheatthatencouragesthereaction.

Themagicisenabledbyasemiconductorcatalyst（催化齐（j）thatimprovesitselfwithuse,

resistingthedegradation（降解）thatsuchcatalystsusuallyexperiencewhentheytrapsunlight

todrivechemicalreactions.

Thenextchallengestheteamintendstotacklearetofurtherimprovetheefficiencyand

toachievesuperhighpurityhydrogenthatcanbedirectlyfedintofuelcells.

12.Whatleadstothelowercostofsustainablehydrogen?

A.Solarenergy.B.Smallersemiconductors.

C.Naturalphotosynthesis.D.Moreconcentratedlight.

13.Whatisanadvantageofthenewtechnology?

A.Acatalysteasilyavailable.B.Creativeuseofthesolarspectrum.

C.Outstandingabilitytoreflectlight.D.Asemiconductorworkingatlowlight

intensity.

14.Whyarethetwoadvancesofthenewsolarpanelmentioned?

A.Tointroduceagreenerlifestyle.B.Topromoteitscommercialvalue.

C.Tostateitstechnicalbreakthrough.D.Toadvertisethepotentialapplication.

15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.A.NewTrendinWaterUsageB.TheFutureofSustainableHydrogen

C.SolarEnergy:MoreEfficient,GreenerD.CheaperHydrogenThroughSolarPower

二、七选五

Manyhumanshaveamentalnumberlinethatoftenputssmallernumbersontheleftand

biggernumbersontheright—ifaskedtoorganizeseveralbunchesofgrapesbysize,you'd

likelylinethemupbyincreasingnumberofgrapesfromlefttoright.Likemanyhumans,

honeybeesseemtoprefertheirnumbersorderedfromlefttoright,anewstudyclaims.

16ResearchersreportedtheirfindingsOctober17intheProceedingsofthe

NationalAcademyofSciences.

试卷第5页，共10页

MartinGiurfa,abiologist,tested134honeybeesontheirnumber-orderingabilities.First

Giurfahadtoteachhisbeepupilstorecognizenumbers.Usingsugarwater,heguided

honeybeesintoatestingbeehousebuiltfromarepurposedwinebox.Foreachbee,hehunga

panelonthebackoftheboxwithacertainnumberofsymbolsonit——one,threeorfive.

17Sothey'dlearntoassociatethenumberwithfood.Byvaryingwhatthesymbols

lookedlikebetweenvisits,heensuredthebeeswerelearningthenumberitselfandnotcertain

shapesorarrangements.

18Giurfaremovedthetrainingpanelandsetuptwo,mirror-imagepanels,one

ontheleftwalloftheboxandoneontheright.Thesenewpanelseitherhadthesamenumber

ofsymbolsasthetrainingpanel,fewersymbolsormore.Whichpaneldidthebeesfly

to—leftorright?"19"Giurfasays.Ofthebeestrainedon"one,"72percentflewto

the“three“paneltotheright,butofthebeestrainedon"five,"73percentwenttothe“three”

paneltotheleft"That'sexactlytheconceptofthementalnumberline,^^Giurfasays.

Thoughsomecognitive（认知的）powersseemtobeuniquelyhuman,Giurfathinksthere

isdangerindismissingtheabilitiesofanimals.4tWearedifferentfromanimalsinsome

aspects,“hesays,“butweareverysimilarinothers.20”

A.Thenhefedthemthesugarwater.

B.Itdependsonthereferencenumber.

C.However,noteveryoneisconvinced.

D.After30tripstothebox,itwastimefbratest.

E.Itsuggeststhathoneybeeshavea"mentalnumberline”.

F.Giurfathinksbeesandchickshaveinbornmentalnumberlines.

G.Denyingthissimilaritywillnothelpusunderstandwhatweare.

三、完形填空

HeadtoFlint,Michigan,onaWednesdaynight,andyou,llseeablindingdisplayof

lightsneartheriver.

Thetradition21onawhimin2010withDanielRiddick,adoctorinHurley

Children'sHospitalinProvidence,RhodeIsland.Hispatient,ateenager,hadbeeninthe

hospitallong-term.Duringhisstay,Danielhad22withthekidsodeeplythathe

decidedthatontheboy's23nightthere,hewoulddosomething24fbr

试卷第6页，共10页

thefinalparting.

Asheleft,Danieltoldtheboyto25thecornernearthebusstopfromhis

window.Daniel26tothatspot,turnedaround,andflickered（闪烁）hisbikelight

uptowardthehospital.Tohissurprise,theteenflickeredhisownroomlightsto27.

“Fromaquartermileawayitwasvery28wherethekidwas,"saysDaniel."I

figuredifit29onceIcoulddoitagain.^^Andsohedid.

Danielmadeita30tofickerhisbikelightstokidsasheleftfbrthenightas

a31waytosaygoodbye.Thenightlytraditionbecamesucha32

thatcustomersstartedjoininginwithflashlightsandcellphonestoo.

Thetraditionhas33inspiredthosebeyondMichiganandDanielhopesit

34evenmore.4itcouldhappenanywhereifsomeoneiswillingtogiveitatry

withone35Jhesays.

21.A.developedB.survivedC.continuedD.started

22.A.negotiatedB.bondedC.agreedD.accommodated

23.A.lastB.usualC.scaryD.challenging

24.A.essentialB.accurateC.specialD.tolerant

25.A.witnessB.appreciateC.watchD.explore

26.A.slidB.bikedC.droveD.paced

27.A.signalB.warnC.checkD.respond

28.A.evidentB.importantC.probableD.surprising

29.A.workedB.changedC.happenedD.mattered

30.A.dutyB.assignmentC.practiceD.commitment

31.A.casualB.trendyC.strangeD.fun

32.A.phenomenonB.miracleC.hitD.celebration

33.A.onlyB.evenC.nearlyD.ever

34.A.improvesB.spreadsC.extendsD.accelerates

35.A.lightB.messageC.hopeD.sign

四、用单词的适当形式完成短文

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

You'veneverheardsongsquitelikethisbefore.Infact,itseemsthatMoyunofHong

试卷第7页，共10页

Kongcantransformjustaboutanysongintosomethingcompletelynew36thehelp

oftheGuzheng.ThistraditionalChineseinstrument37(make)of16ormorestrings

andmovablebridges.Together,itproducessomeofthesweetestsoundsthatpairsurprisingly

wellwith38wasoriginallyarocksong.

"TraditionalChineseinstrumentsaren'tsuitedfor39(adapt)aband'sentire

sound,“Moyunsaid."Guzhengislikethebass.Ifshardtocreatevariationswithit."Despite

the40(limitation),Moyunhasmasteredtheprocessofchangingpopularmusicfor

theGuzheng.Inoneofhermanyvideos41(share)onYouTube,shedoesthiswith

“Thunderstruck“byAC/DC.Duringher42(perform),Moyunisconstantlymoving

bothofherhands,eachmovement43(effortless)methodicalandfascinatingto

watch.Whenshe'snotplucking(弹拨)oneoftheinstrument'smanystings,sheisbeatingit

likeadrum.

Bysharingvideoslikethese,Moyunhopesthatmorepeoplewillcometoappreciatethis

uniqueinstrument.''Chineseculturetends44(be)abstract,shesaid."It'snotreally

accessible.Butpopcultureisaccessible.Byputting45twotogether,Ihopethe

audiencecanappreciatemymusic.”

五、其他应用文

46.上周你参加了学校学生会组织的以心理健康教育为主题的系列活动，请你给校英文

报写一篇报道，内容包括：

1.活动内容；

2.活动反响。

注意：

1.词数应为80左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

试卷第8页，共10页

六、读后续写

47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Palmtreesseemedtospeedbythecarwindow.Eight-year-oldKatrinabegantoget

nervous,thewayshealwaysdidinnewsurroundings.Shefeltathinshineofsweataboveher

lipinspiteofthecar'scoolair."Theaquariumwon'tbecrowded,Ibet,andpeoplearegonna

noticeme.Ihatewearingthisprosthesisleg（假肢）Shefelttearspinprickbehindhereyes.

“Notbeingnonnalistheworst.”

EnteringtheClearwaterMarineAquarium,aroundacomerofatank,shenoticedan

animalthatlookedunusual.uIsthatadolphinwithstump（假肢）insteadofatail?”sheasked

anaquariumstaff.Henodded."Yes,that'sWinter.She'saveryspecialdolphin.^^“What

happenedtoher?^^“ThisgirldolphinwasfoundoffthecoastofFlorida,caughtinacrabtrap.

Theropesfromthetrapcutoffthebloodcirculationtohertail.SoshelostherKatrina

caughtherbreath."She'sjustlikeme.She?sjustlikeme.”“Butshestruggledtosurvive.Now

shewearsaprosthetictailpartofthedaytohelpherswimlikeadolphin'ssupposedtoswim.”

thestaffcontinued,"Everyday,Wintershowsusanythingispossibleifwebelieve.^^

Katrinafeltherheartstringwastouched.ShewavedatWinter.LookingatKatrina,

Winterraisedherflipper（鳍）,cametoherandliftedherhead."She'sswimmingrightintomy

arms,,,Katrinasaidtearfully.Theymadeeyecontact.SheseemedtobespeakingtoKatrina:

We'rethesame.

Backhome,allKatrinatalkedaboutwasWinter.Fortwoweeks,shecriedandbegged

hermothertotakeherbacktoClearwater.

Unfortunately,anotherblowhitKatrina.Shefellonthehardwoodfloorathomeand

brokeherotherleg.Katrinawasinconstantlegnervepain.Afterathroughexamination,the

doctorexplainedbadnewsthatshewouldneedanothersurgeryonherleg.Yearsofaliving

hellcamebacktoher.

Shestartedfearingsurgeryagainandrefusedtotakeany.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

KatrinasmomdecidedtotakeherbacktoClearwater.

试卷第9页，共10页

FinallycamethedaywhenKatrinawasinthehospitalagain.

试卷第10页，共10页

参考答案:

1.C2.A3.B

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几款学习英语的最佳应用程序。

1.细节理解题。根据BestforPronunciation:ELSASpeak下列段落中“Theapp'sgreatest

strengthisitsintensiveAIfeedback,butELSAalsoprovidesmini-trainingsessionstoreally

perfectyourpronunciation.（这款应用最大的优点是它的人工智能反馈，但ELSA还提供小型

培训课程，以真正完善你的发音。户可知，ELSASpeak的特点是能给学习者有用的反馈。

故选C项。

2.细节理解题。根据BestforImmersinginEnglishVideos:FluentU下列段落中“FuentUisa

languagelearningappthatteachesyouEnglishthroughauthenticvideoslikenewsreports,movie

scenesandinterviews,withlearnertoolsforalllevels.（FuentU是一款语言学习应用程序，通过

新闻报道、电影场景和采访等真实视频教你英语，并为所有级别的学习者提供学习工具。y

可知，FluentU提供视频作为学习资源。故选A项。

3.细节理解题。根据第二段中“Lingodecr'slessonsarearrangedaccordingtothemes,suchas

sports,weather,partsofthebodyandshopping.（Lingodeer的课程是根据主题来安排的，比如运

动、天气、身体部位和购物。户可知，学习者可以使用Lingodeer围绕一个主题学习。故选

B项。

4.D5.C6.D7.B

【导语】本文是新闻报道。本文主要讲述“无年龄骑行”通过组织人们一起骑自行车把陌生人

变成朋友，让陌生人之间在骑行的过程中体会到了幸福感。

4.细节理解题。根据第三段““Despitemydeceasedparents,itgivesmeaconnectionwithpeople

fromanoldergeneration,vsaidLawrence,uandIenjoyspendingtimewiththemandhearingtheir

stories.”（劳伦斯说：“尽管我的父母去世了，但这让我与老一辈的人有了联系，我喜欢与他

们共度时光，聆听他们的故事。"）”可知，劳伦斯在CyclingWithoutAge骑行的过程中可以

让他与老一辈的人有了联系。故选D。

5.细节理解题。根据第五段“OleKassow,whofoundedCyclingWithoutAge,saidthat'sthe

poweroftheprogram.t4Thetrulypowerfulthingaboutthesebikeridesisthattheytiepeopleand

storiestogethertocreatenewrelationships,hetoldCBSNews.t4Inmyfriendships-andthe

答案第1页，共12页

abilitytofbnnnewrelationshipsatanyage—arewhatdefineagoodlife,andoftenalsoalongand

happylife.”(奥勒•卡斯索(OleKassow)创立了“无年龄骑行”(CyclingWithoutAge),他说

这就是该项目的力量所在。他告诉哥伦比亚广播公司：“这些骑自行车的真正强大之处在于，

它们将人们和故事联系在一起，创造新的关系。在我的友谊中，以及在任何年龄段建立新关

系的能力，都是美好生活的定义，通常也是幸福长寿的定义。可知，卡斯索提到“友谊”

是为了体现该项目的价值所在。故选C。

6.细节理解题。根据最后一段“Boettnersaid,“Whenyoutakea101-year-oldwomanforabike

rideandsheholdsyourhandtightandsaysthankyouandgivesyouakissonthecheek,itdoesn't

getanybetterthanthat.”(Boettner说：“当你带着一位101岁的女士骑车时，她紧紧握着你的

手，对你说谢谢，并在你的脸颊上吻了一下，什么都不会比这更好。")”可知，骑行让Boettner

感到了满足感。故选D。

7.主旨大意题。根据第五段“OleKassow,whofoundedCyclingWithoutAge,saidthat'sthe

poweroftheprogram."Thetrulypowerfulthingaboutthesebikeridesisthattheytiepeopleand

storiestogethertocreatenewrelationships,hetoldCBSNews."Inmyfriendships-andthe

abilitytofonnnewrelationshipsatanyage——arewhatdefineagoodlife,andoftenalsoalongand

happylife.”(奥勒•卡斯索(OleKassow)创立了“无年龄骑行”(CyclingWithoutAge),他说

这就是该项目的价值所在。他告诉哥伦比亚广播公司：“这些骑自行车的真正强大之处在于，

它们将人们和故事联系在一起，创造新的关系。在我的友谊中，以及在任何年龄段建立新关

系的能力，都是美好生活的定义，通常也是幸福长寿的定义。”户可知，本文主要讲述“无年

龄骑行”通过组织人们一起骑自行车把陌生人变成朋友，让陌生人之间在骑行的过程中体会

到了幸福感。所以B选项“成为别人云中的彩虹”，符合题意。故选B。

8.A9.A10.D11.C

【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍减肥并不能解决所有的健康问题。

8.词句猜测题。根据第一段"Hittherightnumber,andallyourhealthproblemswillmagically

resolve,sothelogicgoes.Yetincreasingly,scienceisrevealingthatlosingweightmaynotbea

silverbulletafteralL(按正确的数字，你所有的健康问题都会神奇地解决，这就是逻辑。然而，

越来越多的科学表明，减肥可能终究不是asilverbullet。户可知，上下文是转折关系，减肥

不能解决所有的健康问题，所以asilverbullet的意思是指“有效的解决办法”，和选项A意思

一致。故选A。

答案第2页，共12页

9.细节理解题。根据第二段“Researchersconductedexperimentsonmicethatwerefedahigh-fat

dietfor11weeks,makingthemgainweight.Themicewerethenputonadietoflow-fatfoodfor

9weeks,makingthemloseweight.Anothergroupofmiceonlyatethelow-fatdietasacontrol.

Researchersshotlasersintotheeyesofboththeyo-yodietermiceandthecontrolmiceto

encourageatypicalbloodvessel（非典型性血管）growth,amarkofmaculardegeneration.（研究人

员对高脂肪饮食11周的小鼠进行了实验，使它们体重增加。然后，给小鼠喂食低脂食物9

周，使其体重减轻。另一组小鼠只吃低脂饮食作为对照。研究人员向溜溜球减肥小鼠和对照

小鼠的眼睛发射激光，以促进非典型血管生长，这是黄斑变性的标志。广可知，研究人员通

过对比的方法进行的实验。故选A。

10.细节理解题。根据第三段“Theresultssuggestthateatingahigh-fatdietthatcausesweight

gain,eveniffollowedbyweightloss,leavesaninflammatorymarkonmousemacrophages.（研究

结果表明，食用高脂肪饮食会导致体重增加，即使随后体重下降，也会在小鼠巨噬细胞上留

下炎症标记。）”可知，减肥并不能解决与体重增加相关的炎症。故选D。

11.推理判断题。根据最后一段"Theresearchcomesduringaperiodofrenewedinterestin

anti-obesitydrugs.Butmedicinesthathelppeopleshedpoundsdonottreatinflammationlinkedto

ahistoryofweightgain."Howtoengagethesefindingswithmedicineinterventionsisa

challenge,saysBapat,headoftheresearch.（这项研究正值人们对抗肥胖药物重新产生兴趣的

时期。但帮助人们减肥的药物并不能治疗与体重增加相关的炎症。研究负责人巴帕特说：“如

何将这些发现与医学干预相结合是一个挑战。可知，接下来他们要研究治疗肥胖相关的

炎症。故选C。

12.B13.B14.C15.D

【导语】这是一篇说明文。密歇根大学通过模仿自然的光合作用，开发了一种新型太阳能电

池板，它能高效地将水转化为氢。

12.细节理解题。根据第二段前两句"Butthebiggestbenefitisdrivingdownthecostof

sustainablehydrogen.Thisisenabledbyreducingthesizeofthesemiconductor,typicallythe

mostexpensivepartofthedevice.（但最大的好处是降低了可持续氢的成本。这是通过减小半

导体的尺寸实现的，半导体通常是设备中最昂贵的部分。）“可知，导致持续氢的低成本的原

因是半导体的尺寸更小了。故选B项。

13.推理判断题。根据第四段第一句"Thenewtechnologyhastwoadvances.（这项新技术有两

答案第3页，共12页

个进步。）”和第五段第一句"Andthesecondisusingboththehigherenergypartofthesolar

spectrum（光谱）tobreakdownwaterandthelowerpartofthespectrumtoprovideheatthat

encouragesthereaction.（第二个进步是利用太阳光谱的高能量部分来分解水，并利用光谱的低

能量部分提供热量来促进反应。）”可知，这项新技术（新的太阳能电池板）的一个优势是创

造性利用太阳光谱。故选B项。

14.推理判断题。根据第四段第二句"Thefirstistheabilitytoconcentratethesunlightwithout

destroyingthesemiconductorthattrapsthelight.（首先是在不破坏捕获光的半导体的情况下集

中太阳光的能力。户和第五段第一旬，Andthesecondisusingboththehigherenergypartofthe

solarspectrumtobreakdownwaterandthelowerpartofthespectrumtoprovideheatthat

encouragesthereaction.（第二个进步是利用太阳光谱的高能量部分来分解水，并利用光谱的

低能量部分提供热量来促进反应。）“可知，文章提到新型太阳能电池板的两项进步是为了陈

述其技术突破。故选C项。

15.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段第一句"Anewkindofsolarpanel,developedatthe

UniversityofMichigan,hasachievedhighefficiencyintransformingwaterintohydrogenand

oxygen一imitatingacrucialst印innaturalphotosynthesis.（密歇根大学开发的一种新型太阳能

电池板已经实现了高效地将水转化为氢和氧——模仿了自然光合作用的一个关键步骤（光合

作用）。）”和第四段最后一句“"Hydrogenproducedbyourtechnologycouldbeverycheap."（“用

我们的技术生产氢气可能会非常便宜。可知，本文主要讲了利用太阳能将水转化为氢和

氧（本文重点强调了氢），且利用这个技术生产的氢非常便宜。D项“CheaperHydrogenThrough

SolarPower（通过太阳能发电更便宜的氢）”作为标题，可以概括本文主旨。故选D项。

16.E17.A18.D19.B20.G

【导语】这是一篇说明文。新的研究称，像许多人类一样，蜜蜂也有数字排序能力，似乎更

喜欢从左到右排列它们的数字。

16.根据上文“Likemanyhumans,honeybeesseemtoprefertheirnumbersord