高三英语一轮复习阅读每日练习导学案15（适合基础一般的学生）

阅读理解每日练15Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith025dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeysbined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.Here'showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreen,theywouldberewardedwithsevendropsofwaterorjuice;iftheywentforthecircle,theywouldberewardedwiththesumofthenumbers—17inthisexample.Afterrunninghundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation,notjustmemorizingthevalueofeachbination.Whentheteamexaminedtheresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystendedtounderestimate(低估)asumparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:Whenaddingtwonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit."Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays."Butinthisexperimentwhatthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone."1.Whatdidtheresearchersdotothemonkeysbeforetestingthem?A.Theyfedthem.B.Theynamedthem.C.Theytrainedthem.D.Theymeasuredthem.2.Howdidthemonkeysgettheirrewardintheexperiment?A.Bydrawingacircle.B.Bytouchingascreen.C.Bywatchingvideos.D.Bymixingtwodrinks.3.WhatdidLivingstone'steamfindaboutthemonkeys?A.Theycouldperformbasicaddition.B.Theycouldunderstandsimplewords.C.Theycouldmemorizenumberseasily.D.Theycouldholdtheirattentionforlong.4.Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A.Entertainment.B.Health.C.Education.D.Science.单词梳理Para11.monkeyn.猴子2.seemtodosth好像做某事3.haveawaywithsb/sth善于应付某人或某事Para24.ateamof一队5.researchern.研究者6.trainv.训练7.associatev.联想，联系8.differentadj.不同的9.symboln.符号10.consistof由…组成11.selectiveadj.精挑细选的12.lettern.字母13.dropn.滴14.as作为15.rewardn.奖品，奖励16.researchern.研究者17.testv.测试18binev.结合19.addv.添加20.symboln.符号21.rewardn.奖品，奖励Para322.HarvardMedicalSchool哈佛医学院23.scientistn.科学家24.leadledv.带领25.teamn.团队26.describev.描述27.experimentn.实验28.cagen.笼子29.sbbeprovidedwithsth某人被提供某物30.touchv.触摸31.screenn.屏幕32.partn.部分33.screenn.屏幕34.symboln.符号35.appearv.出现36.otheradj.另一个37.siden.一边，一侧38.symboln.符号39.inside在里面40.circlen.圆圈41.showshowedshownv.展示42.flashv.显示，闪耀43.touchv.触摸44.leftadj.左边45.siden.一边，一侧46.screenn.屏幕47.sbberewardedwithsth某人被奖励了某物48.sevendropsofwater七滴水49.circlen.圆圈50.thesumof…的总数51.examplen.例子Para452.runv.操作53.hundredsof数百的54.testn.测试55.researchern.研究者56.notev.注意到57.monkeyn.猴子58.higheradj.更高的59.valuen.数值60.morethan多于，不仅仅61.halfn.一半62.indicatev.表明，暗示63.performv.执行64.calculationn.计算65.memorizev.记住66.valuen.数值67binationn.组合Para568.teamn.团队69.examinev.检查70.resultn.结果71.experimentn.实验72.closelyadv.细致地73.noticev.注意到74.monkeyn.猴子75.tendtodosth倾向于做某事76.estimatev.估算77.underestimatev.低估78.sumn.总和79pareAwithB拿A和B比较80.singleadj.单个的81.symboln.符号82.closeadj.接近83.invalue在数值上84.choosing有选择性的85.over高于86.thesumof…的总和87.underestimationn低估88.systematicadj.成体系的，系统的89.addv.加90.payattentionto注意91.largeradj.更大的92.ofthetwo两者之间的93.addAtoB把A加到B上Para694.indicatev.表明，暗示95.certainadj.某个96.wayn.方式，方法97.quantityn.数量98.representv.展现，表现，代表99.brainn.大脑100.experimentn.实验101.payattentionto注意102.littleadj.小的题目103.researchern.研究者104.before在…之前105.testn/v.测试106.feedfedv.饲喂107.namev.命名108.trainv.训练109.measurev.测量110.rewardn.奖品111.experimentn.实验112.drawv.画画113.circlen.圆圈114.touchv.触摸115.screenn.屏幕116.watchv.观看117.videon.视频118.mixv.混合119.drinkn.饮料120.performv.执行121.basicadj.基础的122.additionn.加法123.understandv.理解124.simpleadj.简单的125.wordn.单词126.memorizev.记忆127.easilyadv.简单地128.holdone'sattention集中注意力129.forlong很长时间130.sectionn.部分131.appearv.出现132.entertainmentn.娱乐133.healthn.健康134.educationn.教育135.sciencen.科学三.重点句子1.AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbols(consist)ofnumbersandselectiveletterswith025dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.考点：译：2.Theresearchersthentestedthemonkeysbined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.考点：译：3.Here'sHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,ledtheteam,(describe)theexperiment:Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedtouchscreens.考点1：考点2：考点3：考点4：译：4.After(run)hundredsoftests,theresearchersnotedthatthemonkeyswouldgoforthehighervaluesmorethanhalfthetime,(indicate)thattheywereperformingacalculation,notjust(memorize)thevalueofeachbination.考点1：考点2：考点3：译：5.Whentheteam(examine)theresultsoftheexperimentmoreclosely,theynoticedthatthemonkeystended(underestimate)asumparedwithasinglesymbolwhenthetwowerecloseinvalue—sometimeschoosing,forexample,a13overthesumof8and6.考点1：考点2：译：6.Theunderestimationwassystematic:When(add)twonumbers,themonkeysalwayspaidattentiontothelargerofthetwo,andthenaddedonlyafraction(小部分)ofthesmallernumbertoit.考点：译：7.Thisindicatesthatthereisacertainwayquantityisrepresentedintheirbrains,"Dr.Livingstonesays."Butinthisexperimentthey'redoingispayingmoreattentiontothebignumberthanthelittleone."考点1：考点2：译：四.仿写1.给我印象最深的是，我们的老师总是营造一种我们可以自由交流的课堂氛围。2.让我担心的是两周后即将举行的期末考试，所以我必须为它做准备。3.我想强调的是我们中的每一个人都应该更多地倾听他人。4.真正要紧的是你是否能全神贯注于你的功课。5.当看到奶奶苍白的脸和满头的白发，我的眼泪快掉下来了。答案一.译文猴子似乎对数字很有一套。一组研究人员培训了三只恒河猴去处理26个明显不同的符号。这些符号由数字和精挑细选的字母组成，并且将025滴水或果汁作为奖励。然后研究人员测试了猴子是如何组合或添加这些符号以获得奖励的。哈佛医学院的科学家MargaretLivingstone，也是这个团队的领导者，是这样描述这个实验的：在它们的笼子里，给猴子们提供了触摸屏。在一部分屏幕上，将出现一个符号，而在另一侧则显示两个符号在一个圆圈里。例如，数字7将在屏幕的一侧出现，另一端是数字9和8。如果猴子触摸屏幕的左侧，它们将获得七滴水或果汁；如果他们选了圆圈，那么在这个例子中，它们将获得数字的总和——17。在进行了数百次测试后，研究人员注意到：猴子会在一半以上的时间内获得更高的数值。这表明它们正在进行计算，而不仅仅是记住每种组合的数值。当团队更仔细地检查实验结果时，他们注意到，当两个符号的数值接近时，与单个符号相比，猴子们往往会低估总和。这种情况是有选择性的。例如，它们认为13高于8和6的总和。这种低估是有系统的：当两个数字相加时，猴子总是注意两者中较大的一个，然后只加上较小数字的一小部分。“这表明它们的大脑中有一种表示数量的方式，”Livingstone博士说。“但在这个实验中，它们正在做的是更多地关注大数字而不是小数字。”1.研究人员在测试猴子之前对它们做了什么？A.他们饲喂了它们B.他们给它们起了名字。C.他们训练了它们。D.他们测量了它们。2.猴子在实验中是如何得到奖励的？A.通过画一个圆。B.通过触摸屏幕。C.通过观看视频。D.通过混合两种饮料。3.Livingstone的团队对猴子有什么发现？A.它们可以做基本的加法。B.它们能懂简单的单词。C.它们很容易记性数字。D.它们可以长时间地保持它们的注意力，4.这段文字可以出现在报纸的哪一部分？A.娱乐B.健康C.教育D.科学二.答案和解析1.C细节题。根据文章第二段第一句中AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkey可知，研究人员在测试猴子之前对它们进行了训练。故正确答案为C。2.B细节题。根据第三段第四句中Ifthemonkeystouchedtheleftsideofthescreen,theywouldberewarded可知，在这个实验中，猴子是通过触摸屏幕(touchascreen)的方式以获得相应的奖励的。A项，“通过画圆”；C项，“通过观看视频”；D项，“通过混合两种饮料”，均不符合文意。故正确答案为B。3.A细节题。根据第三段最后一句中rewardedwiththesumofthenumbers和第四段第一句中indicatingthattheywereperformingacalculation可知，猴子们可以做简单的加法运算。故正确答案为A。4.D推断题。文章主要介绍了一个研究团队对三只猴子进行的实验及其研究发现。如果这篇文章刊登在报纸上，最有可能被放在科学(Science)版块。A项，“娱乐”，B项，“健康”，C项，“教育”，均不符合题意，故A、B、C项均错误。故正确答案为D。单词梳理Para11.monkey2.seemtodosth3.haveawaywithsb/sthPara24.ateamof5.researcher6.train7.associate8.different9.symbol10.consistof11.selective12.letter13.drop14.as15.reward16.researcher17.test18bine19.add20.symbol21.rewardPara322.HarvardMedicalSchool23.scientist24.leadled25.team26.describe27.experiment28.cage29.sbbeprovidedwithsth30.touch31.screen32.part33.screen34.symbol35.appear36.other37.side38.symbol39.inside40.circle41.showshowedshown42.flash43.touch44.left45.side46.screen47.sbberewardedwithsth48.sevendropsofwater49.circle50.thesumof51.examplePara452.run53.hundredsof54.test55.researcher56.note57.monkey58.higher59.value60.morethan61.half62.indicate63.perform64.calculation65.memorize66.value67binationPara568.team69.examine70.result71.experiment72.closely73.notice74.monkey75.tendtodosth76.estimate77.underestimate78.sum79pareAwithB80.single81.symbol82.close