丰台区2022-2023学年第一学期期末高三英语试题及答案

丰台区2022〜2023学年度第一学期期末练习

高三英语2023.01

1.答题前，考生务必先将答题卡上的学校、班级、姓名、准考证号用黑色字迹签字笔填

写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的准考证号、姓名，在答题卡的“条形码粘贴区”贴好

考条形码.

生2.本次练习所有答题均在答题卡上完成。选择题必须使用2B铅笔以正确填涂方式将各

须小题对应选项涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦除干净后再选涂其它选项。非选择题必须使

知用标准黑色字迹签字笔书写,要求字体工触、字迹消

3.请严格按照答题卡上题号在相应答题区内作答,超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在练

习养、仪珞纸上谷歌无效.

4.本练习卷满分共100分,作答时长90分钟。

笔试（共三部分100分）

第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）

第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，

并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Iwasluckyenoughtotestintothebesthighschoolinthecity.Butthencamemy1:Am

Igoodenough?Itwasaquestionthat2methroughmyfirstmonth,evenasIbegantosettle

in,evenasIgotusedtotheearlymorningwake-upsandmovingbetweenbuildingsforclass.

IknewIhadtoworktogroundmyself.Myearlieststrategyinvolvedkeepingquietandtrying

to3mynewclassmates.Whowerethesekidsanyway?Howdidtheylearninschool?AllI

knewwasthattheywerethesmartestkidsinthecity,obviously.4wasn'tIaswell?Hadn,tI

landedherebecauseIwassmartlikethem?ThetruthisthatIdidn'tknow.This5waslikea

deadlycellthatthreatenedtodivideanddivideagain,unlessIcouldfindsomewaytostopit.

Fortunately,myfirstroundofgradesturnedouttobe6,andsodidmysecond.Overthe

courseofmyfirsttwoyears,Ibegantobuildthesamekindof7I'dhadatmyprevious

school.Witheachlittleachievement,mydoubt8tookleave.

Ilovedanysubjectthatinvolvedwritingandlaboredthroughmath.Ihadclassmateswhowere

alwaysasteportwoaheadofme,whoseachievementsseemedeffortless,butItriednottoletthat

gettome.IwasbeginningtounderstandthatifIputinextrahoursofstudying,Icouldoften

9thegap.Iwasn'tastraight-Astudent,butIwasalways10andImadeprogress.

1.A.excitementB.satisfactionC.angerD.worry

2.A.freedB.doggedC.warmedD.guided

3.A.observeB.admireC.supportD.calm

4.A.OrB.SoC.ButD.For

高三英语第1页（共9页）

5.A.guessB.doubtC.interestD.risk

6.A.excellentB.averageC.differentD.unique

7.A.responsibilityB.friendshipC.confidenceD.teamwork

8.A.suddenlyB.frequentlyC.accidentallyD.slowly

9.A.closeB.noticeC.locateD.create

10,A.expectingB.tryingC.wonderingD.suffering

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在

给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

A

Garyisachildren'sbookauthor.Hefirstbecame11(interest)incartoonartwhenhe

wasachild.Heenjoyedwritingstoriesabouthischaractersandsharing12(they)with

others.However,hewasquitedisappointedwhentheadultspraisedhiscartoonworksjustoutof

politeness.13(improve)thisawkwardsituation,Garystartedwritingfunnystories.He

14(know)evenpoliteadultscouldnotpretendalaugh.

B

SavingnatureisattheveryheartofwhatwedoasWWF.Weprotectwildlife15many

reasons.Itisasourceofinspiration.Itboostsasenseofwonder.Itisfundamentaltothebalanceof

nature.Inourwork,WWFfocusesonsavingpopulationsofthemost16(importance)

speciesinthewild.Finally,byprotectingspecies,wesavethisbeautifulandirreplaceableplanet

17iscalledhome.

C

Schlossandherpartnersetouttofindout18peoplelikecertaincolorsmorethan

others.Theirstudiessuggestthatcolorpreference19(cause)byhowsomeonefeelsabout

objectsofthatcolor.Forexample,peopleoftenlikeblue20itremindsthemofclearskies

andcleanwater.Ontheotherhand,peopletendtoshyawayfrombrownbecausetheyarereminded

ofthefoodthathasgonebad.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上

将该项涂黑。

高三英语第2页（共9页）

A

Exploreyourworld—Mirthy

Onlineeventstohelpyoudiscover,learnandconnect

WhoisMirthy?

Mirthyisoneofthemostpopularwebsitesforonlineeventsandalreadylovedandtrustedby

morethan45,000people.Itwasdesignedtocreateaninclusivecommunitywherepeoplecanlearn,

share,andconnectwithothersthroughavarietyofeventsthatareactive,sociable,anduplifting.Ifs

allaboutfulfilmentandwellbeing.

Therearesomeonlineeventseachmonthtotry,fromcraftworkshops（手工工坊）tofitness

sessions.Forexample,accordingtooureventcalendar,thisweekyoucanattendgardeningclasses

andsinginglessons.Sowhetheryouhaveadesiretogetfitterortopickupanewskill-signingup

forclassesandeventswithMirthycouldbejustwhatyouhavebeenlookingfor.

Howdoesitwork?

SignupviatheonlineregistrationformatM.Thenyoucantakealookthroughthe

calendarofupcomingeventsandseewhattakesyourfancy.

Onceyouregisterforanevent,youwillthenreceivealinkonemailreadyforyoutojointhe

liveevent.Ifyourplanschangeandyoucan'tmakeit,youwillreceivealinkfora7-dayreplaythat

youcanwatchatatimethatisconvenientforyou!

Bestofall,ifscompletelyFREEtojoin

JoinMirthyforfreetoday,andyoucanenjoyany4eventseverymonth,forfree!Ifyou'reup

formore,thenyoucaneitherselectandbookadditionaleventsonapay-as-you-gobasis,normally

for£2.99each,oryoucanupgradetothePremiummembershipgivingyoufullfreeaccesstoall

eventsforonly£4.99permonth.

IfyouchoosetogoforthePremiummembership,there?snocontract.Yousimplyupgradeyour

membershipandyoucancancelanytime.

21.WhatcanpeopledoatMirthythisweek?

A.Makeartcrafts.B.Talkaboutfitnessexperience.

C.Learnsongs.D.Studywildplantsandanimals.

22.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutMirthy?

A.Peoplecansignupfortheeventsonline.

B.Theeventscanbewatchedagainatanytime.

C.Peoplecanupgradetheirmembershipforfree.

D.Nomorethan4eventsareofferedeachmonth.

23.Whafsthemainpurposeofthispassage?

A.Tosharealifestyle.B.Torecommendawebsite.

C.Tointroduceonlineevents.D.Toexplainaregistrationprocess.

高三英语第3页（共9页）

B

Itwasaweekaftermymomhadpassedaway,andIdidn'tknowhowtogoonwithlife.So

whenIreceivedanemailfromafriendaboutaracebenefitingcancerresearch,Iignoredit.It

seemedtooclosetotheheart,ascancerwasthediseasethathadtakenmymotherawayfromme.

Butsomethingaboutmyfriend?swords一"Icanhelporganizethewholething”-stuckwithme.

Ifeltobliged（有义务的）toagree.Intheweekstocome,Imanagedtore-entertheworldoftheliving.

Icheckedourteam'swebsitedaily,feelingproudeachtimeadonationtickedupourtotal.Iknew

mymomwouldhavewanteditthatway.Shewasthetypewhonevergotdefeated.Itwasthisvery

spiritthathelpedmegetby.

Whentheraceended,Inoticedtherunnersallhadonethingincommon:Therewerebigsmiles

ontheirfaces.Theymadeitlooksorewardingandeffortless.Iwantedin.

SoIenrolledinanotherracetwomonthslater.ConsideringIcouldbarelyrunamile,itwas

ambitious.ButmyfriendandImadeatrainingplansoIwouldn'tcomeinlast.Ifollowedit

religiouslyanddidn,tletanythinggetinmyway.

Runningupanddownthecity'shills,Iwasfloodedwithmemories.Ihadlivedthereafter

collegeandmymotherhadvisitedoften.IpassedBloomingdale's,recallingthetimesheandIhad

gottenintoascreamingargumentthere.

IwasabouttobeatmyselfupwhenIrememberedwhatMomhadsaidafterherdiagnosisof

cancer.64Idon'twantyoutofeelguiltyaboutanything.^^Herpaper-thinhandshadheldmetightly.A

weightliftedfrommyshoulders.

Whentheracedayarrived,Igaveitmyallformymomandforallshehadtaughtmeand

continuedtoteachme.AsIran,wheneverIfeltlikeslowingdown,Ipicturedhercheeringmeon.

Crossingthefinishline,Iwasfilledwithherloveandasenseofpeace.

24.Whydidtheauthorignoretheemailinthebeginning?

A.Shefeltithardtofinishtherace.

B.Shehadnotimetojoinintheevent.

C.Shethoughttheresearchmeaningless.

D.Shewasremindedofhermother'sdeath.

25.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorrecoverfromhermom'sdeath?

A.Thecompanyofherfriends.B.Theinspirationfromhermom.

C.Thepleasureingoingforarun.D.Thesuccessinorganizinganevent.

26.Whichofthewordscanbestdescribetheauthor'smom?

A.Considerateandpolite.B.Braveandhumorous.

C.Strong-willedandcaring.D.Outgoingandpatient.

27.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HowIGotHealedinRunningB.TheLossofSweetMemories

C.WhatMattersMostinRunningD.TheRewardsofGreatFriendship

高三英语第4页（共9页）

c

Overmillionsofyears,humanshaverespondedtocertainsituationswithoutthinkingtoohard.

Ifourancestorsspottedmovementinthenearbyforest,theywouldrunfirstandquestionlater.Atthe

sametime,theabilitytoanalyzeandtoplanispartofwhatseparatesusfromotheranimals.The

questionofwhentotrustyourinstinct（直觉）andwhentothinkslowmattersintheofficeasmuchas

inthesavannah（草原）.

Slowthinkingisthefeatureofawell-managedworkplace.Yetinstinctalsohasitsplace.Some

decisionsaremoreconnectedtoemotionalresponsesandlesstoanalysis.Indemanding

customer-serviceorpublic-facingsituations,instinctisoftenabetterguidetohowtobehave.

Instinctcanalsobeimproved.Plentyofresearchhasshownthatinstinctbecomesmore

unerringwithexperience.Inonewell-knownexperiment,volunteerswereaskedtoassesswhethera

selectionofdesignerhandbagswererealornot.Somewereinstructedtooperateoninstinctand

otherstodeliberate（深思熟虑）overtheirdecision.Instinctworkedbetterforthosewhoownedatleast

threedesignerhandbags;indeed,itoutperformedanalysis.Themoreexpertyoubecome,thebetter

yourinstincttendstobe.

However,therealreasontoembracefastthinkingisthatitis,well,fast.Itisoftentheonlyway

togetthroughtheday.Totakeoneexample,whenyourinboxfloodswithnewemailsatthestartof

anewday,thereisabsolutelynowaytoreadthemallcarefully.Instinctiswhathelpsyoudecide

whichonestoanswerandwhichtodeleteorleaveunopened.Fastthinkingcanalsohelptheentire

organization.Thevalueofmanymanagerialdecisionsliesinthesimplefactthattheyhavebeen

madeatall.Yetasdataexplodes,thetemptation（诱惑）toaskforonemorebitofanalysishasbecome

muchhardertoresist.Managersoftensufferfromoverthinking,turningasimpleproblemintoa

complexone.

Whentouseinstinctintheworkplacerestsonitsownformofpatternrecognition.Doesthe

decision-makerhaverealexpertiseinthisarea?Isthisafieldinwhichemotionmattersmorethan

reasoning?Aboveall,isitworthdelayingthedecision?Slowthinkingisneededtogetthebigcalls

right.Butfastthinkingisthewaytostopdeliberationturningtoawasteoftime.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"unerring“inParagraph3probablymean?

A.Accurate.B.Creative.C.Controllable.D.Obvious.

29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Managerscanaffordthecostofslowthinking.

B.Fastthinkingcanbeaboosttoworkefficiency.

C.Slowthinkingwillholdusbackinthelongrun.

D.Toomuchdataistoblameforwrongdecisions.

30.Whatistheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?

A.Toexplainhowinstinctworks.

B.Tocompareinstinctandslowthinking.

高三英语第5页（共9页）

C.Tohighlightthevalueofinstinctintheworkplace.

D.Toillustratethedevelopmentofdifferentthinkingpatterns.

D

ItallstartedwhenItypedaperfectlyreasonableprompt（提示词）intooneofseveralappsonthe

marketthatcancreateanimagebasedontext."Skullspacelaserdinosaurstarshipexplosion,9,I

wrote.Theappprocessedforafewseconds,andreturnedfourimages,oneofwhichwasstrangely

accurate:adinosaur-lookingskullscreamedoutofanemptyspace,trailingfire.Itlookedlikean

illustrationfromtheartmagazine,andperhapsartfromthemagazineinfluenceditscreation.

Text-to-imageAisidentifyimagesbylookingatthetextthatpeoplehaveusedtodescribethose

picturesonline.Whentheappgotmyprompt,itstudiedimagesthatrandompeoplehaddescribedas

“dinosaur"or"laser“andsoon,thenusedwhatiscalledadiffusionmodel（扩散模型）toaddabunch

ofrandomchaostothosepictures.Oncetheyweresuitablycompleted,it“upscaled"them,removing

noiseandsharpeningfocus.Itsworkissogoodthatanartistusingitrecentlywonfirstplacefor

digitalimagesattheColoradoStateFair.

Buttherearemajorethical（道德的）issuesraisedbythesuccessofsuchAis.Thebiggesthasto

dowiththosetrainingdatasets.Reportersrecentlydiscoveredthatthedatasetusedby

Text-to-imageAiscontainedimagesofviolence.Somecompaniesareworkingonwaystoprevent

thepublicfromseeingimagesbasedonoffensiveandillegalpicturesinthedataset.A

representativeofthecompaniesalsonotedthattheimagesinitsdatasetare"alreadyavailableinthe

publicinternetonpubliclyavailablewebsites”.

Butevenifthisproblemisfixed,thereisstillthequestionofalltheotherpicturesonlinethat

arebeingtransformedintoAi-generatedmasterpieces.Asmanyartistshavepointedout,theirworks

arebeingusedwithoutpayment.Theimage-generatingalgorithm（算法）createsillustrationsandeven

moviesbyusingdatasetsstockedwithartstolenfromartistswhoposttheirworksonline.

SomeAIresearchersarguethattheiralgorithmsaren'tstealingfromartistssomuchaslearning

fromthem,justashumanartistslearnfromeachother.Butamoreethicalapproachwouldbefor

companiestoacknowledgetheirdebttoartistsandcreateamodelofvoluntarycollectivelicensing,

muchlikewhatradiostationsfirstdidinradio'searlydays.Backthen,musicianscreatedgroupslike

BMItocollectivelylicensetheirmusictoradiostations-thenBMIwouldpayartistsbasedonhow

oftentheirsongswereplayed.Perhapsartistsandartinstitutionstodaycouldforma"'collecting

society“thatwouldallowcompaniestolicensetheirartworkfordatasets.

TocreateethicalAIsystems,weneedtoacknowledgethepeoplewhoseworkmakesthose

systemssomagical.Wecan'tsimplysnarfupeveryimageonline-weneedhumanstomanage

thosedatasetsandweneedtopaythemtodoit.

31.WhatcanwelearnaboutText-to-imageAisfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?

A.Theyaredevelopedtoprocesspictures.

高三英语第6页（共9页）

B.Theyareusedtodescribeonlinepictures.

C.Theyuseadiffusionmodeltocombinepictures.

D.Theycreatetheirworksbasedononlinepictures.

32.OneoftheissuesraisedbythesuccessofText-to-imageAisis.

A.theinfluenceuponartcreationB.theavailabilityofonlinepictures

C.theneglectoftheartists9copyrightD.theprospectofartistsbeingreplaced

33.WhydidtheauthormentionBMIinParagraph5?

A.TointroducetherolethatBMIplayedinAIhistory.

B.Topresentawaytoregulatetheuseofonlinepictures.

C.Toprovethenecessityoflicensingmusictoradiostations.

D.Todemonstratetheurgencyofformingacollectingsociety.

34.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?

A.Itisnotpracticaltoimprovetheimage-generatingalgorithm.

B.ThefunctionofText-to-imageAisshouldn'tbeunderestimated.

C.HumaneffortsshouldbevaluedintheapplicationofText-to-imageAis.

D.Companiesshouldbeheldresponsiblefortheillegalpicturesonpublicwebsites.

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Itwon'tsoundlikeabigsurprisewhenItellyouthatkindnessplaysanimportantroleina

person'swellbeing.Itcanleadtochangeslikehigherself-esteem（自尊心）andlowerbloodpressure.

Evenjustwitnessingactsofkindnesscanmakeushappier.

35"Fromgivingawayacupofhotchocolateinaparktogivingawayagiftinthelab,

thoseperforminganactofkindnessconsistentlyunderestimatedhowpositivetheirreceiverswould

feel,thinkingtheiractwasoflessvaluethanreceiversperceivedittobe,“statesastudy.

36Yet,whyistherethisdifferencebetweenwhatwethinksomeonewillfeelfromanact

ofkindnessversuswhattheydofeel?Whydoweunderestimatetheimpactwehaveonothers?

Manyofusdon'thavearealsenseofourvalue.Ifsbeenestimatedthatasmanyas85percent

ofpeoplestrugglewithlowself-esteem.37This“voice“tendstoshiftourfocusinward,

assessingoureverymove,andhavingbadeffectonourrelationships.

Unlikeaconscience（良心），thisinnercriticdoesn,tmotivatepositivebehavior.38It

encouragesustoholdback,feedingusthoughtslike,"Don'tstickyourneckout";"Noonewantsto

hearfromyou";and"You'regoingtomakeafoolofyourself.^^

Onewonderfulwaytofightagainstourcriticalinnervoiceisthroughactsofbeingkindto

others.39Wemustalsotrytoseeourselvesthroughtheeyesofthepeopleweaffect.The

degreetowhichwe'reabletodothatwillhelpdetermineourownhappinessalongwiththe

happinesswelightupinothers.

高三英语第7页（共9页）

A.However,theworkdoesn'tstopthere.

B.Peoplemaylowerthevalueoftheirownkindcomments.

C.Weallcarryarounda"'criticalinnervoice^^thattendstoputusdown.

D.Insteadofseeingwhatwehavetooffer,wemaythinkofourselvesasaburden.

E.Thismisunderstandingsuggeststhatpeopledevaluetheirownactionsinrelationtoothers.

F.Instead,itturnsusagainstourselves,makingusunderestimateourbeneficialeffectonothers.

G.Yet,peoplemaynottrulyknowtheimpactthateventhesmallestofkindactscanhaveonanother

person.

第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。

Beforeendinguponasupermarketshelf,anavocado（牛油果）hasproduced1.3kilogramsof

carbonintotheatmosphere.Itsproductionaloneconsumes60gallonsofwater.Despitethis,thefruit

willoftenbethrownawayashouseholdwaste.

Householdfoodwasteistheresultofmismanagement.Muchofthewasteisavoidableandthe

foodmayhavebeeneatenhaditbeenbettermanaged.Toreducehouseholdfoodwaste,agrowing

numberoffoodretailersdecidetoremovedatelabelling（标签），suchasthe"use-by"or"best-befbre”

date,fromsomefreshfooditems.

Paststudieshaveconfirmedtheimportanceofdatelabelling.Almost60%ofwesternEuropean

consumerssurveyedsaidthey“always“checkdatelabelswhilepurchasing.Butdatelabellinghas

longcomeundercriticismbecausefailuretotrulyunderstanddatelabellingoftenleadsto

unreasonabledecisionmaking.Indeed,consumerscommonlydon'tacceptedible（可食用的），but

date-expired（过期的）food.

Theremovalofdatelabellingisthereforeapromisingstart.Withoutdatelabels,information

thatmayaffectconsumers5understandingofwhatisedible,isremoved.Instead,consumersare

encouragedtosense-checkfreshfooditems.

Inthecaseofanavocado,theadvicegiventoconsumersisthatwhenripe,itshouldhavea

“pleasantandslightlysweetaroma（气味whiletheskinshouldbe“darkgreenorbrown^^.

Informationisalsoprovidedonhowanavocadoshouldlook,taste,andfeelwhen"overripe”.Itis

hopedthatabetterinformedconsumerwillbelesslikelytoblindlythrowawayfoodduetoan

expirationdate.

40.Whatdofoodretailersdecidetodotoreducehouseholdfoodwaste?

41.Whyhasdatelabellinglongbeencriticized?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.

>Ifconsumerscanbebetterinformed,theywillnotacceptedible,butdate-expiredfood.

高三英语第8页（共9页）

43.Oncedatelabelsareremovedfromsomefreshfooditems,whatproblem（s）mightbecaused?

（Inabout40words）

第二节（20分）

假设你是红星中学高