牛津译林版八年级英语下册同步讲义Unit 8 A green world 第 5 课时 单元综合测试（教师版）

Unit8Agreenworld

第5课时单元综合测试

八年级英语下册同步精品讲义（牛津译林版）

一、听短文选答案

1）听短文，回答下列小题。

1.WhenisWorldCarFreeDay?

A.OnSeptember22nd.B.OnSeptember2nd.C.OnSeptember12th.

2.WheredidWorldCarFreeDaystart?

A.InChina.B.InAmerica.C.InFrance.

3.WhydidpeoplecreateWorldCarFreeDay?

A.Becauseoftheseriousairpollution.

B.Becauseoftheseriousnoisepollution.

C.Becauseoftheseriousairpollutionandnoisepollution.

4.Howwillpeoplegotoworkorschooliftheytakepartintheactivity?

A.Bybike,bybusorbycar.B.Bybike,bycaroronfoot.C.Bybike,bybusoronfoot.

5.WhichcityisthefirsttotakepartintheactivityinChina?

A.Beijing.B.Chengdu.C.Shanghai.

【答案】1.A

2.C

3.C

4.C

5.B

【解析】

【原文】

略

2）听短文，回答下列小题。

6.Whoisthespeaker?

A.Ateacheroftheschool.B.Thechairpersonoftheclub.C.Amemberoftheclub.

7.WhydoesHenrytellLisaabouttheclub?

A.Becauseshecaresabouttheenvironment.

B.Becauseshewantstojoinaschoolclub.

C.Becausesheonceaskedhimaboutclubs.

8.Whatdoestheclub'swebsiteprovide?

A.Theinformationaboutenvironmentalproblemsandprotection.

B.Theinformationofthemembers.

C.Whatthemembersshoulddo.

9.Howoftenshouldthememberstakepartinthecleaningactivity?

A.Onceayear.B.Twiceayear.C.Onceamonth.

10.WhichisNOTright?

A.Theclubwasstartedin2008.

B.TheclubiscalledGreenActivity.

C.Thereareonlytenmembersintheclub.

【答案】

6.C

7.A

8.A

9.A

10.C

【解析】

【原文】

Hi,Lisa.ThisisHenryspeaking.Sinceyoucareaboutenvironment,youmaybeinterestedintheschoolclubIam

in.Nowriltellyousomethingaboutit.TheclubiscalledGreenActivity.Itwasstartedin2008.Itisverypopular

inourschoolnow.Atthebeginning,therewereonlytenmembersintheclub.Nowthereareovertwohundred

members.Ifyouwanttojoinit,youmustdothefollowings.First,theclubhasawebsite.Itprovidesthe

informationaboutenvironmentalproblemsandprotection.MembersshouldfindsuchreportsontheInternetand

postthemontheclub'swebsite.Second,theclubgiveslecturesonenvironmenttwiceeachterm.Membersshould

helporganizethem.Third,memberswilltakepartinacleaningactivityonceayear,startingwiththemostpolluted

places.MembersusuallymeetonthelastFridayofeachmonth.Ihopeyouwillenjoyit.

3）听短文，选择正确答案。短文读两遍。

11.Whatdayisittoday?

A.Friday.B.Saturday.C.Sunday.

12.WhattimedidtheygothePeople'sPark?

A.7am.B.8am.C.8:30am.

13.HowdidtheygettothePeople'sPark?

A.Bybus.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.

14.Whatweresomechildrendoingwhenthewritergotthere?

A.Theywerewateringthetrees.

B.Theywereplantingthetrees.

C.Theywereclimbingthetrees.

15.Whatdidn'tthewriterdoatthepark?

A.Pickuptherubbish.B.Flyakite.C.Cleanthepublicwalls.

【答案】

11.B

12.B

13.A

14.C

15.B

【解析】

【原文】

ItisSaturdaytoday.MyclassmatesandItookpartinthe"'EnvironmentProtector^^activity.

Inthemorning,wewenttothePeople'sParkat8:00bybus.Whenwegotthere,wefoundthatsomechildren

wereclimbingthetrees.Thegroundandthepublicwallswereverydirty.Sowebegantopickuptherubbishand

cleanthepublicwalls.Wealsoplantedsometrees.

Allofusworkedveryhard.Wethinkifsourdutytotakegoodcareofourenvironment.Ifeveryoneprotectsthe

environment,thecitywillbecomemoreandmorebeautiful

二、单项选择

16.Jackdoesn'tdothingssoasMary,butheisinourgroup.

A.carelessly,themostcarefulB.carefully,themostcarefulC.carefully,themostcareless

【答案】B

【详解】句意：杰克做事不如玛丽细心，但他是我们组里最细心的。考查副词原级以及形容词最高级。

carelessly粗心地；carefully细心地；careful细心的；careless粗心的。根据"Jackdoesn'tdothingsso...asMary,

butheis...inourgroup”可知，前后句对Jack的形容保持一致，只有B选项的词义表达正确，故选B。

17.Kittyisagirl.ShemademanymistakesintheMathstest.

A.carefulB.carefullyC.carelessD.carelessly

【答案】C

【详解】句意：基蒂是个粗心的女孩。她在数学考试中犯了许多错误。考查词汇辨析。careful仔细的；carefully

仔细地;careless粗心大意的;carelessly粗心大意地。根据“a...girl”可知用形容词作定语,结合“Shemademany

mistakesintheMathstest.”可知犯了很多错误，是粗心的。故选C。

18.——Excuseme.Couldyoupleasespeakalittlelouder?Ican,thearyou.

—OK.

A.clearlyB.wiselyC.widelyD.quickly

【答案】A

【详解】句意：——不好意思。请你说大声一点好吗？我听不清楚你说什么。——好的。考查副词辨析。

clearly清晰地，清楚地；wisely明智地；widely广泛地；quickly迅速地。结合"Couldyoupleasespeakalittle

louder?”和选项可知，提问者听不清楚才会让对方说大声一点，所以此空应填副词“clearly”修饰动词“hear”。

故选Ao

19.Ourteacheraskedustomoreinformationaboutourcity.

A.useupB.turnoffC.findoutD.keepon

【答案】C

【详解】句意：老师让我们找到更多有关我们城市的信息。考查动词短语辨析。useup用完；turnoff关掉；

findout找出、查明；keepon继续。根据空后“moreinformationaboutourcity”可知，应是找到更多有关我们

城市的信息。故选C。

20.Don'tplaywithyourmobilephoneallday.It9stoyoureyes.

A.wonderfulB.usefulC.helpfulD.harmful

【答案】D

【详解】句意：不要整天玩手机。这对你的眼睛有害。考查形容词辨析。wonderful精彩的；useful有用的；

helpful有帮助的；harmful有害的。根据"Don'tplaywithyourmobilephoneallday.”可知整天玩手机对眼睛有

害。故选D。

21.一Allthechildrencrossedthestreet.

-Thankstothepoliceman.Thereisalwaystoomuchtraffichere.

A.safelyB.naturallyC.carelesslyD.better

【答案】A

【详解】句意：——所有孩子都安全地过了街。——幸亏那位警察。这儿交通总是很拥挤。考查副词辨析。

safely安全地；naturally自然地；carelessly不小心地；better更好地。根据语境，可知交通总是很拥挤，

在那位警察的护送下，所有孩子都安全地过了街。因此用副词safely修饰动词crossed。故选A。

22.一Theboyscleanedthelibraryyesterdaybutnoonethemtodoit.

-Theyarealwaysreadytohelpothers,andweshouldlearnfromthem.

A.promisedB.askedC.welcomedD.allowed

【答案】B

【详解】句意：——这些男孩昨天打扫了图书馆，但是没有人要求他们这样做。——他们总是乐于帮助别

人，我们应该向他们学习。考查动词辨析。promise承诺；ask要求；welcome欢迎；allow允许。根据“They

arealwaysreadytohelpothers”可知没人要求他们，他们自己打扫了图书馆。故选B。

23.Becareful!Thosecarsaremovingfast.Ifstootocrossthestreetnow.

A.dangerousB.meaninglessC.simpleD.common

【答案】A

【详解】句意:小心！那些车正在很快地移动。现在过马路太危险了。考查形容词词义辨析。dangerous危

险的；meaningless毫无意义的；simple简单的；common普通的。根据"Thosecarsaremovingfhst.”,可推测

现在过马路是太危险的。故选A。

24.TherearemanymistakesinTom'shomework.Hedidit.

A.carefullyB.carelesslyC.earlyD.slowly

【答案】B

【详解】句意:在汤姆的作业中有许多错误。他做得很粗心。考查副词辨析。carefully认真地；carelessly

粗心地；early提前；slowly慢地。根据"TherearemanymistakesinTom'shomework.”可知,此处是“他做得

很粗心”，故选B。

25.Don'tforgettothelightsbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.

A.turnonB.turnoffC.turnupD.turndown

【答案】B

【详解】句意：在你离开教室之前，不要忘了关灯。考查动词短语辨析。turnon打开（水、电视、收音机、

灯、煤气等）；turnoff（把...）关掉；turnup调高，（意外地或终于）出现；turndown减少，关小。结合

句意可知，离开教室应该关灯，故选B。

三、阅读理解

A

Whenyourpenisbroken,thebatteryinyourtoyrunsout,oryouhavesomeleftoverfood,whatdoyoudo

withthesethings?Youwillprobablythrowthemallintoonebin.Butactually,allkindsofrubbishneedtobesorted

（分类）separately.

Rubbishsortingisabigissueworldwide.Inrecentyears,someChinesecitieshavebeenworkinghardonit.

ShanghaihasworkedwithAlipaytocreatea"greenaccount（账户）"serviceforitsresidents.Theygetpointsby

sortingtheirrubbishcorrectly.

ThroughtheAlipayapp,theycanexchangethepointsformilk,phonecardsandotherproducts.Thecityis

askingallofitsresidentstosorttheirrubbishintofourgroups:wet,recyclable,harmfulanddry.Wetwasteisalso

knownashouseholdwaste.Paper,metalandglassarerecyclablewaste.Medicineandbatteriesareharmfulwaste.

Finally,anywastethat'snotwet,recyclableorharmfulwillgointhe“drywaste"bin.ManyotherChinesecities

arealsodoingthis.Shenzhenhasbeensortingitsrubbishintothesamefourgroupssince2020.

Studentstheremuststudywaste-sortingguidebooks.Ifyoudon'tsortyourrubbish,itwillgotoalandfilland

beburiedtogether.Theselandfillscantakeuplargeareasofground.Somerubbishcanpollutethesoiland

groundwateranditcanalsodoharmtotheenvironmentaroundus.Chinaisimprovingitswaste-sortingefforts.

Thereisstillalongwaytogo.

26.Howshouldwedealwithallkindsofrubbish?

A.Wecanthrowthemallintoonebin.B.Wecansortthemseparately.

C.Wecanthrowthemawayfreely.D.Wecanreusethemall.

27.HowisShanghaiencouragingpeopletosorttheirrubbish?

A.Bycreatinga"greenaccountservicewiththehelpofAlipay.

B.Bypayingpeopletosorttheirrubbishcorrectly.

C.Byallowingpeopletoexchangerubbishwitheachother.

D.Byprovidingitsresidentswithguidebookstohelpthem.

28.Whichofthefollowingthingsbelongtoharmfulwaste?

A.Leftoverfoodandbatteries.B.Metalandmedicine.

C.Batteriesandmedicine.D.Paperandglass.

29.Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A.Wherewecanburyourwaste.

B.Whyweshouldsortourrubbishproperly.

C.Whatkindsofwastecanpollutetheenvironment.

D.Howsomekindsofwastecanbereusedandrecycled.

30.WhatdoweknowaboutrubbishsortinginChina?

A.Shenzhenhasbeensortingitsrubbishfor10years.

B.Allthestudentshavetotakewaste-sortingclassesatschool.

C.Buryingistheonlywayofdealingwithrubbish.

D.Asforrubbishsorting,weChinesestillhavemuchworktodo.

【答案】

26.B

27.A

28.C

29.B

30.D

【分析】

本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述上海垃圾分类的一些措施及4种垃圾分类。最后还讲述如果不进行垃圾

分类的危害。

【解析】

26.细节理解题。根据"Butactually,allkindsofrubbishneedtobesorted（分类）separately."可知，我们应该

分开分类处理各种垃圾。故选B。

27.细节理解题。根据“ShanghaihasworkedwithAlipaytocreatea"greenaccount（账户）'serviceforitsresidents.

Theygetpointsbysortingtheirrubbishcorrectly.”可知，上海与支付宝合作创建“绿色账户”服务，鼓励人们对

垃圾进行分类。故选A。

28.细节理解题。根据“Paper,metalandglassarerecyclablewaste.Medicineandbatteriesareharmfulwaste."可

知，药品和电池是有害废物。故选C。

29.主旨大意题。根据“Ifyoudon'tsortyourrubbish,itwillgotoalandfillandbeburiedtogether...”可知，我们

正在努力加快进行垃圾分类的原因。故选B。

30.推理判断题。根据"Chinaisimprovingitswaste-sortingefforts.Thereisstillalongwaytogo.“可知，中国正

在努力进行垃圾分类工作，且这还有很长的路要走。故选D。

B

Napogaisa12-year-oldgirlinGhana,Africa.Itishardforherfamilytogetcleanwater.Everymorning,she

leaveshomeathalfpastfivetogetcleanwaterforherfamilyinavillagefaraway.Ittakeshersixhourstoget

enoughcleanwaterfordailycookinganddrinking.Shehasnotimetogotoschoolortoplaywithherfriends.

MillionsofpeopleintheworldarelikeNapoga.Theycan'tgetenoughcleanwatertokeephealthy.

EarthDayisApril22.Butonallotherdays,wemustalsorememberit.Thewaterweuseisthemost

importantnaturalresource（自然资源）ontheearth.

Watercovers70percentoftheearth'ssurface（表面）.Butmostofthatisseawater.Wecan'tuseitforvery

manythings.Freshwatercoversonlyonepercentoftheearth'ssurface.

Youprobablyfeelluckythatyourlifeisn'tashardasNapoga's,Butthatdoesn'tmeanyoudon'thaveto

worryaboutwater.Weallfaceseriouswaterproblems.Oneofthemiswaterpollution.Allkindsofthingsfrom

cars,factories,farmsandhomesmakeourrivers,lakes,andoceansdirty.Pollutedwaterisverybadforpeopleto

drink.Anddirtywaterisbadforfish,too.Now,thirty-fourpercentofallkindsoffisharedyingout.

Howdocarsandfactoriesmakeourwaterdirty?First,theypollutetheair.Then,whenitrains,therainwater

comesdownandmakesourdrinkingwaterdirty.Dirtyrain,calledacidrain（酸雨）,isalsobadforplants,animals

andbuildings.

Scientistssaythatin30years,morethanhalfofthepeopleintheworldwon'thaveenoughcleanwater.We

havetolearnhowtosavemorewaterforourselvesandourchildren.Hereissomeadviceforsavingwater.

•Turnoffthewaterwhileyoubrushyourteeth.Youcansaveasmuchas450liters（升）eachmonth.

•Leakytaps（漏水的龙头）wastealotofwater.Fixthemrightaway.

•Youcaneasilycutyour1O-minuteshowersinhalf,andyou'llbejustasclean.

,Whenyouwashdishes,don'tletthewaterrun.

•Onlywashclotheswhenyouhavealottowash.Ifyourwashingmachineisn'tfull,youarewastingwater!

31.Whycan'tNapogagotoschool?

A.Becauseherfamilyispoor.

B.Becauseshedoesn'tlikestudying.

C.Becauseshehastotakecareofherlittlebrother.

D.Becauseshehastogetcleanwaterforherfamily.

32.Howmanypeopleliveinshortofwaterintheworld?

A.ThousandsofpeopleB.Millionsofpeople

C.HundredsofpeopleD.Billionsofpeople.

33.Fromthepassage,whatinformationdoweknowaboutthewaterontheearth?

A.Thereis70%offreshwater.

B.Wedon'tneedtoworryaboutwater.

C.Thereisverylittlewaterforourliving.

D.Seawaterismorewidelyusedthanfreshwater.

34.Acidrain.

A.isonlybadforlivingthings

B.canbeproducedinfactories

C.doesn'tdoharmtopeople,butifsbadforplants,animalsandbuildings

D.doesn,tjustdoharmtohumanbeingsbuttoanimals,plantsandbuildings

35.Whafsthemainideaofthepassage?

A.It'stimetotakecareofthewaterweuse.

B.Wateristhemostimportantnaturalresourceontheearth.

C.Somethingmustbedonetopreventwaterfrombeingpolluted.

D.Cleanwatermeansmuchtohumanbeingsandlivingthingsaroundus.

【答案】

31.D

32.B

33.C

34.D

35.C

【分析】

短文大意：水覆盖了地球表面的百分之70。但最重要的是海水。我们不能使用它。新鲜的水覆盖了地

球表面只有百分之一。科学家们说，在30年，在世界上超过一半的人没有足够的干净的水。我们必须学会

如何节省更多的水为我们自己和我们的孩子，本文详细地介绍了如何节省水资源。

【解析】

31.细节理解题。根据"Everymorning,sheleaveshomeathalfpastfivetogetcleanwaterforherfamilyina

villagefaraway.Ittakeshersixhourstogetenoughcleanwaterfordailycookinganddrinking.Shehasnotimeto

gotoschoolortoplaywithherfHends”可知，因为她要为家人弄到干净的水，故选D。

32.细节理解题。根据“MillionsofpeopleintheworldarelikeNapoga”可知，世界上有数百万人像Napoga一

样缺水，故选B。

33.推理判断题。根据"Freshwatercoversonlyonepercentoftheearth'ssurface”可知，淡水只覆盖了地球表

面的百分之一，这意味着有很少的水供我们生活，故选C。

34.细节理解题。根据"Dirtyrain,calledacidrain（酸雨），isalsobadfbrplants,animalsandbuildings”可知，

酸雨不仅对人类有害，对动物和植物都有害，故选D。

35.主旨大意题。本文通过阐述目前水资源短缺的情况来告诉我们保护环境，节约水的重要性，故选C。

四、完形填空

Athousandyearsago,HongKongwascoveredbyathickforest.Asmoreandmorepeoplecametolivein

HongKong,thesetreeswerecutdownandburnt.Nowthereis36forestleft,thoughtherearestillsome

smallareas（地方）coveredbytrees.Wecallthesewoods.Elephants,tigersandmany37animalswere

livinginthethickforest.WhenpeoplecametoliveinHongKong,theplantsbegantodieout.Earlyfarmersgrew

riceand38pigsandchickensinthevalleys.Theycutdownthetreesandburntthem.Theyneeded

39tokeepthemselveswarminwinter,tocooktheirfoodandtokeepawaythedangerousanimals.

Elephantsquicklydisappeared（消失）becausetherewasnotenoughfoodforthem.Sodidmostofthewolvesand

tigers.Monkeysandmanyotheranimalssoon40inthesameway.

YoumightthinkthattherearenolongeranyanimalsinHongKong41inthezoos.Buttherearestill

about36differentanimals42there.OneofthemostinterestingHongKong'sanimalsisthebarkingdeer.

Thesearebeautifullittleanimals43arichbrowncoatandawhitepatch（补丁）underthetail.Theylook

likedeerbuttheyaremuchsmaller.Theyarelessthantwofeetheight.Theymakeanoiseratherlikeadog

44.InHongKongthebarkingdeerhasonlyarealenemy-45.Peoplehunt（猎）theselittle

animalsthoughitisillegal（违法的）.Therearenownotmanybarkingdeerleft.Soitisimportantforpeopleto

protectwildanimals.

36.A.manyB.afewC.noD.not

37.A.otherB.othersC.theotherD.another

38.A.grewB.madec.gotD.kept

39.A.fireB.hotnessC.heatD.stoves

40.A.livedB.diedC.cameD.left

41.A.besidesB.exceptC.andD.or

42.A.liveB.toliveC.livedD.living

43.A.haveB.withoutC.withD.get

44.A.shoutingB.cryingC.barkingD.talking

45.A.TigersB.MenC.WolvesD.Elephants

【答案】

36.C

37.A

38.D

39.A

40.B

41.B

42.D

43.C

44.C

45.B

【分析】

本文介绍了香港野生动物的历史和现状。保护野生动物很重要，人们要保护野生动物。

【解析】

36.句意：现在已经没有森林了，尽管还有一些小地方被树木覆盖着。many许多；afew几个；no没有;

not不。根据后文“thoughtherearestillsomesmallareas（地方）coveredbytrees.Wecallthesewoods.”可知，

though表让步，应该是森林没有了。故选C。

37.句意：大象、老虎和许多其他动物生活在茂密的森林里。other其他的，后接复数名词；others泛指别

的，其他人，相当于other+名词复数；theother另一个，与单数名词连用，指两者中的另一个；another又一，

再一，另一，跟单数名词连用。由空后面的“animals”判断，此处需用。ther符合语境和语法。故选A。

38.句意：早期的农民在山谷里种植水稻和养猪养鸡。grew种植；made制作；got得到；kept饲养。由空

后的提示词“pigsandchickens”可知，此处是指养猪养鸡。故选D。

39.句意：他们需要火在冬天取暖，做饭和远离危险的动物。fire火；hotness热心；sun太阳；stoves火炉。

根据后文“keepthemselveswarminwinter,tocooktheirfoodandtokeepawaythedangerousanimals”可矢口，这些

都需要火来完成。故选A。

40.句意：猴子和其他许多动物很快也以同样的方式死去。lived生活；died死；came来；left离开。由空

后的提示词“inthesameway”可知，此处表达的是“和以前的动物一样死去了”。故选B。

41.句意：你可能会认为，除了动物园，香港不再有动物了。besides表示“除了……还有”（包括后面的名

词）；except表示“除了...”（不包括后面的名词）；and和；or或者。根据“therearenolongeranyanimalsin

HongKong...inthezoos”可知，此处是指除了动物园以外的其他地方，因此选择except。故选B。

42.句意：但是仍然有大约36种不同的动物生活在那里。live动词原形；tolive动词不定式；lived过去式；

living现在分词。分析句子结构可知，此处考查“therebesb./sth.doingsth.”表示“某地有某人或某物正在做某

事”。故选D。

43.句意：它们是美丽的小动物，有着浓密的棕色皮毛，尾巴下面有一块白色的斑块。have有，动词；without

没有，介词；with具有，介词；get得到，动词。分析句子结构可知，此处用with构成介词短语作后置定语

修饰名词animals,表示“有着浓密的棕色皮毛，尾巴下面有一块白色的斑块的小动物”。故选C。

44.句意：他们发出的声音有点像狗叫。shouting喊叫；crying哭；barking犬叫；talking谈论。由提示词“like

adog”可知，此处指的是“狗叫”。故选C。

45.句意：在香港，赤鹿只有一个真正的敌人--人类。tigers老虎；man人类；wolves狼；elephants大象。

根据"Peoplehunt（猎）theselittleanimalsthoughitisillegal（违法的）."可知，赤鹿的敌人是人类。故选B。

五、语法填空

Theworldusesplentyofwateraday.Drinkingwaterisahumanrightandeveryoneshouldhave46（they）

share.However,morethan700millionpeoplearoundtheworldhavetrouble47(get)clean,safewater.

Treatingwastewaterisagoodway48(provide)freshwaterforus.Anditalsohelpsthe

environment49keepingwasteoutofriversandoceans.80%ofwastewateraroundtheworldisnottreatedatall,

anditisrunningintooceans.Butnowwehavegotthetechnologytotreatandrecyclethewastewater.Itcanhelpus

savemuchwater.

While75%ofourplanet50(cover)withwater,only2%isfreshwaterthatcomesfromrivers,lakes,ice

andsnow.Therest,98%ofthewater,isinseasandoceans.Itistoo51(salt)todrink.Thendesalination(海

水淡化)businessescomein.Morethan19,000factorieshavebeenbuiltaroundtheworld,52(most)incoastal

countries.Everyday,theyprocessmorethan92milliontonsofwater.Butthetechnologytheyuse53(require)

alotofenergy.

Scientists54(work)tocreateatechnologythatcostslessmoneyandworksbetter.Theywanttoproduce

20timesmorecleanwater,55makesureeveryonehasenough.Butfornow,theworldstillfaceseachdaywith

nothavingenoughwaterforeveryone.

【答案】

46.their

47.getting

48.toprovide

49.by

50.iscovered

51.salty

52.mostly

53.requires

54.areworking

55.and

【分析】

本文讲述了全球淡水资源的短缺以及正在寻找的解决办法。

【解析】

46.句意：饮用水是一项人权，每个人都应该有自己的一份。固定搭配：haveone'sshare”有某人的一份”，

所以此空填形容词性物主代词，故填their。

47.句意：然而，全世界7亿多人无法获得干净的，安全的水。固定搭配：havetrouble(in)doingsth”做某

事有麻烦”，所以此空填动名词，故填getting。

48.句意：处理废水是为我们提供淡水的一种好方法。此处用动词不定式作定语修饰名词“way”，故填to

provideo

49.句意：它也有助于保护环境，使废物远离河流和海洋。根据"helpstheenvironment...keepingwasteoutof

riversandoceans,,»可知，通过让废物远离河流和海洋的方式，来保护环境，by表示“通过某种方式或手段”，

故填by。

50.句意：而地球上75%的地方都是被水覆盖，只有2%是来自河流、湖泊、冰雪的淡水。主语“75%ofour

planet”与谓语动词“cover”之间是被动关系，且陈述客观事实，句子用一般现在时的被动语态bedone的结构。

当百分数修饰主语时，谓语动词要与of后的名词单复数保持一致，planet是单数，所以be动词用is,故填

iscovered。

51.句意:它太咸了，不能喝。固定句式：ifs+形容词+todosth,所以此空填形容词salty作表语，故填salty。

52.句意:世界各地已经建造了19000多家工厂，大部分在沿海国家。根据"Morethan19,000factorieshavebeen

builtaroundtheworld”及"...incoastalcountries”,可知，此处说明这19000多家工厂的分布情况，mostly”主要

地”符合语境，故填mostly。

53.句意：但是他们使用的技术需要大量的能源。主语“technology”是抽象名词，看作单数形式，句子是一

般现在时，动词要用三单形式，故填requires。

54.句意：科学家们正在致力于创造一种成本更低，效果更好的技术。根据“Scientists...tocreateatechnology

thatcostslessmoneyandworksbetter6,可知，科学家们正在寻找一种更好的技术，句子是现在进行时，结构

为bedoing,主语“Scientists”是复数，系动词用are,故填areworking。

55.句意：他们想多提供20倍的清洁水，并确保每个人都有足够的水。前句“他们想多提供2