牛津译林版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit4 Fun with Science Grammar and composition含蓄虚拟语气（二）导学案（答案不全）

虚拟语气（二）（一）在英语中，表示假想或非真实情况，而不表示客观存在的事实时，常用虚拟语气。虚拟语气常见于含有条件状语从句的句子中。虚拟语气条件状语从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反的假设过去式(be动词一般用were)would/should/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反的假设had+过去分词would/should/could/might+have+过去分词与将来事实相反的假设过去式或wereto/should+动词原形would/should/could/might+动词原形（二）有时假设的条件不通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，或隐含在上下文中，这叫含蓄条件句。一．常用的这类词或短语有:without,with,butfor,otherwise,orIcouldn'thavegonethroughthatbitterperiodwithoutyourgeneroushelp.We__________________(put)John'snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe___________________(visit)moreplacesofinterestyesterday.二．虚拟语气用于名词性从句虚拟语气从句谓语动词与现在事实相反过去式(be动词一般用were)与过去事实相反had+过去分词对将来的愿望would/could+动词原形Point1虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中的用法--Wherearethechildren?Thedinner'sgoingtobecompletelyruined.--Iwishtheyweren'talwayslate.IwishI______________(tell)himthewaytothesupermarket.Iwishyou______________(go)withustomorrow.Point2在表示建议、提议、命令、要求等的动词后的宾语从句中，常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”。常见的此类动词有：一坚持:___________;二命令:order,_________;四建议:suggest,advise,_____________,recommend;五要求:require,___________,___________,desire,urgeThegraduateinsistedthathe______________(go)toworkinthesouth.Theleadersorderedthatafact-findinggroup_____________________(form).【特别注意】当suggest意为“暗示，表明”,insist意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时，后接的宾语从句应当用陈述语气，不用虚拟语气。Hissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecision.Heinsistedthathehadn'tstolenthemoney.Point3表示建议、提议、命令、要求等的名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”。常见的这类名词有:advicedemanddesireideamotionorderplanproposalrequestsuggestionHisdemandisthattheboy（should)gowiththem.Weagreedtotheorderthatthetask____________________(complete)before5o'clock.虚拟语气从句谓语动词与现在/将来事实相反过去式(be动词一般用were)与过去事实相反had+过去分词Point4在wouldrather后的宾语从句中：IwouldratherI_________(leave)now.Iwouldratheryou_________(come)nextmonth.Iwouldratherhe_______________(pass)theexamyesterday.虚拟语气在其他句型中的应用虚拟语气从句谓语动词与现在事实相反过去式(be动词一般用were)与过去事实相反had+过去分词与将来事实相反would/could/might+动词原形Point1虚拟语气用于asif/asthough引导的表语从句和方式状语从句Youtreatthemasifthey_______(be)yourparents.Heactedasthoughnothing________________(happen).Theytalkedandtalkedasifthey________________(notmeet)again.Point2在It's(high/about)time(that)...句型中，that引导的定语从句通常用虚拟语气，即从句谓语动词用过去式(did)或“should+动词原形”(should不能省略),意为“该是…的时候了”Jackisagreattalker.It'shightimethathe______________(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.Itistimethatyou____________________(go)tobed,Tom.Point3虚拟语气用于ifonly引导的条件句或感叹句虚拟语气从句谓语动词与现在事实相反过去式或(be动词一般用were)与过去事实相反had+过去分词与将来事实相反would/could+动词原形IfonlyIwereyoungernow!Ifonlyyou___________________(work)withgreatercare!IfonlyI_____________(go)tothemoononeday!Point4虚拟语气用在itis(high/about)timethat….句型中，that引导的从句中谓语动词用__________________________.Itishightimewe_____(play)games.Point5如果表示说话人的看法或意见，在句型Itis/was+adj+that从句中，主语从句可用虚拟语气，主语从句谓语动词用shoulddo表示现在或将来情况，用shouldhavedone表示过去情况：Itisimportantthatwe（should）protectourenvironmenteveryday.Itisnecessarythatyou_______(clean)thelabbeforeyouleft.Itisimportantthatyou________(take)thedoctor’sadvice.Itwasverystrangethathe_____________(leave)withoutsayinggoodbye.巩固练习单句语法填空1.It’stoobadthatmycomputerhasgotanewvirus.IfonlyI_________(notrun)thatprogram!2.Thatsoundslikeaclosematch.HowIwishI_________(watch)itasyoudid!3.—ShallItellthemthebadnews?—No,Iwouldratherthey_________(notknow)it.4.HadIknownaboutthatusefulcomputerprogram,I_________(save)ahugeamountoftimeandenergy.5.MostofthetopleadersexpressedacommondesireattheU.N.conference,onethatdifferentcultures_________(coexist)withtolerance.6.Don’tlookinthemirroroflifeandwishyou_________(be)someoneyou’renot.7.Withoutyourhelp,I_________(get)firstprizeintheEnglishSpeakingContest.8.Ifthere_________(be)ahospitalnearby,themanwouldhavebeensaved.9.HaveyoueverbeentoLondon?Ifyouhaven'tbeento,whichsiteswouldyouvisitifyou_________(get)thechance?10.Ifhe_________(follow)thedoctor’sadvicetotakemedicinethreetimesadaythen,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.II.单句改错1.Theyadvocatetheproposalthatwewereopposedtotakingapaycutatthenextmeeting.2.We'llmakethefinaldecisiononourscheme.Wouldyouchangeyourmind,pleaseinformusassoonaspossible.3.Iwascaughtinatrafficjamforoveranhour;otherwise,Iwouldn'tkeptyouwaitingforsuchalongtime.4.Ifwebookedatableearlier,wewouldn'tbestandinghereinaqueue.5.Wereitraintomorrow,thesportsmeetwouldbeput