小升初专项复习介词（讲义）译林版英语六年级下册

小升初专项复习介词小升初专项复习介词古诗文默写二【知识点】一、概念：介词是一种用来表示词与词之间，词与句之间关系的词，一般放在名词，代词（宾格）和动词ing前面。二、分类：时间介词at,in,on,before,after,from方位介词on,in,at,behind,over,above,under,below动向介词to,into,up,down,through,along,outof方式介词by,on,with原因介词for,from,of,with三、用法时间介词：1.in,on,at1).atat多用于表示表示具体的点钟前，如：atseven,ataquartertoone;可用于固定搭配中，如：atnoon,atnight.可用于传统节日前，如：atDragonBoatFestival2).inin表示一段时间，用于年、月、世纪、四季或泛指的一天的上午、下午、晚上等。如：inthetwentyfirstcentury,inautumn,inthemorning，还可以用于表示“从现在起多长时间之后或多久之后”的短语,如：intwoweeks两周后3).onon主要用于在星期几，具体某一天或某一天的早、中、晚或节日前。如：onMidautumnDay在中秋节onJune1st在6月1日【巩固练习】1.SomevolunteersfromBeijingarrivedinShanghai___April29toworkfortheWorldExpo. A.on B.at C.of D.to

2. LiLeioftengoestoschool___7:10inthemorning. A.at B.for C.on D.in

3. Whatahealthyboy!Heruns___themorningeverymorning. A.in B.on C.at D.for

4. Father’sDaywille___June20ththisyear. A.on B.at C.in D.to

5.SpringisthebestseasoninBeijing.Itusuallyes____March.A.on B.in C.to D.at6. MyuncleisingtoBeijing___themorningofMay15. A.in B.on C.at D.to

7. Mr.Blackisahardworkingengineer.Heoftenstaysuplate___night. A.at B.on C.about D.to

8. Iusuallydosomecleaning____Sundaymorning. A.in B.at C.on D.to

9. Iusuallygetup___eighto’clockonweekends. A.at B.on C.in D.to

10. TheShanghaiExpoopened___May1,2010. A.on B.in C.to D.at

2.since,from和for（1）since指从某时一直延续至今，后街时间点，主句用完成时。如：Hehaslivedheresince1993.（2）form说明开始的时间，谓语可用过去、现在、将来的某种时态。如：Fromnowon,IwilllearnEnglishinthemorning.（3）for指动作延续贯穿整个过程，后接时间段，主句用于完成时。如：IhavestudiedEnglishforsixyears.【巩固练习】用for或since填空。1.JillhasbeeninIrelandMonday.

2.TomhasbeeninParisthreedays.

3.MyaunthaslivedinAustralia15days.

4.Margaretisinheroffice.Shehasbeenthere7o'clock.

5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry1974.

6.Thebusislate.We'vebeeninthebusstation20minutes.

7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenemptymanyyears.8.Mikehasbeenillalongtime.HehasbeeninhospitalOctober.3.after（1）after表示以过去为起点的某一段时间之后，用于过去时。如：Theyfinishedtheworkaftertwoyears.（2）after与时间点连用表示将来某个时间之后。如：I’llringyouupaftertwoo’clock.4.by“by+时间点”表示“到……以前为止”，用于完成时。如：Wehadlearned1,000wordsbytheendoflastterm.5.during“during+时间段”与延续性动词连用表示某期间的动作。如：Helivedwithusduringtheseyears.7.until用于否定句中，意为“直到……才”，其前的谓语动词多用瞬间性动词；用在肯定句中，意为“直到……为止”，其前的谓语动词须用延续性动词。如：Ididn’tleaveuntilmymothercamehome.Iwaitedformymotheruntilshecamehome.【巩固练习】1. Theywillleaveaweek____today. A.from B.on C.by D.for

2. Hesuddenlyreturned_____arainynight. A.on B.at C.in D.during

3. Maryhadfinishedherhomework____thetimeIgothome.

A.until B.by C.at D.when

4. Theydidn’tleavethestation___theygetonthetrain.

A.until B.by C.after D.at

5. Nanjingisabeautifulcity.Itwon“ChinaHumanHabitatEnvironmentPrize”______2008. A.at B.on C.in D.by地点介词：1.in,on,toin表示在某一地区之内的某方位（属于该范围）；to表示在某一地区之外的某方位（不属于该范围）；on表示与某地的毗邻关系。如：FujianisinthesoutheastofChina.ChinaistothewestofJapan.inonto2.over,above,on（1）over指在……的正上方，表示垂直在上。TherearetwostarsoverHuiTailang.（2）above表示在上方，属于斜上方。如：Raiseyourarmsaboveyourhead.3.at,in,on（1）at表示较小的地点如：atthebusstop,athome（2）in表示较大的地方如：inChina,intheworld（3）on表示在一个平面上如：onthefarm4.infrontof，inthefrontof（1）infrontof表示“在……之前”（范围外）如：Therearesometreesinfrontoftheclassroom.（2）infrontof表示“在……之前”（范围内）5.below,underbelow表示“在下方或位置低于……”，不一定有垂直在下之意；under表示“在……正下方”。如：Therearemanybikesunderthetree.Thecoatreachesbelowtheknees.【巩固练习】1. Taiwanis____theeastofFujian. A.in B.at C.to D.on

2. Myroomis_____thethirdfloor. A.at B.on C.in D.to

3. Tomsits____theclassroomwhileJohnsits____theroom.

A.infrontof;atbackof B.inthefrontof;atthebackof

C.infrontof;atthebackof D.inthefrontof;atbackof

4. Wecanseeariverrunningtotheeast____thehill.

A.under B.below C.over D.on5.Theboatispassing___thebridge.

A.through

B.below

C.under

D.across*易混介词用法辨析：1.in和on的区别onthetree表示枝、叶果实等长在树上inthetree表示人或其他东西在树上onthewall表示东西粘贴或挂在墙上inthewall表示门、窗等嵌在墙上【巩固练习】

1. Heputupamap___thebackwallbecausetherewasahole___it.

A.on;on B.at;in C.on;in D.on;at

2. Thereisadoor___thewall.

A.on B.to C.of D.in

3. Therearesomebirdssinging___thetrees.

A.in B.on C.at D.from

4. Don’tread____thesun.It’sbad___youreyes.

A.in;to B.under;for C.with;to D.in;for

5. Therearesomanyapples___thattree.

A.in B.on C.at, D.from

6. Thewoman____abluedressismyteacher.

A.in B.on C.of D.at2.between和among的区别between常指“在两者之间”；among用于指“在三者或三者以上的人或物之间”。如：MariasitsbetweenLucyandLily.Miss.Wangstandsamongherstudents.如果把三者及以上的人或事物分别看待，指每两者之间，也可用between.如：Youshouldn’teatbetweenmeals.【巩固练习】

1. Thetablesintherestaurantaresoclosetogetherthatthere’shardlyanyroomtomove___them.

A.among B.between C.inthemiddleof D.atthecentreof

2. Englishiswidelyusedforbusiness____differentcountries.

A.between B.to C.for D.on

3. Isthereanydifference____thesetwosentences?

A.for B.in C.among D.between

4. Wevisitedhimathisworkplace___theyoungtreesandaskhimabouthiswork.

A.in B.among C.between D.at

5. Thepolicestationis___theclothingshop___thepostoffice.

A.between;and B.among;andC.near;of D.on;right3.across,through,over和past的区别across和through都用于表示“穿过、越过”。across含有“从……表面穿过”之意，表示游渡、乘船过海或过河时用across，through含有“从……中间穿过”之意。如：Hecanswimacrosstheriver.Shehadtopushherwaythroughthecrowdtogetherson.over多指在空间范围上“超过”，而past指“经过”。如：Theplaneflewoveralineofmountainsinthesoutheast.Hewalkedpastatree.【巩固练习】1. Twoplanesareflying___thecity.

A.through B.over, C.on, D.below

2. Theriverruns____thecity.

A.across B.through C.over D.from

3. Ittookusoveranhourtowalk____thisstreet.

A.from B.through C.over D.across

4. Doyouseethekite___thebuilding?

A.over B.cross C.on D.above

5. Thereisabookstore___ourhouse.

A.at B.through C.across D.near4.for,to和towards的区别for常用在leave,start后，表示运动的方向或目的。如：They’llleaveforBeijingtoattendameetingnextmeeting.to接在go,e,return,move等词之后，表示目的地。如：WhendidyoureturntoGuangzhouaftertheholiday?towards表示“朝、向”，只说明运动的方向，没有“到达”的意思。5.after与behind的区别两个词都有“在…..之后”之意，behind只表示位置方面的之后，不能表示时间，而after表示时间、位置都可以。如：behindtheschool,after5o’clock,afterthehouse6.in,with和by表示“用”时的区别in主要表示“用语言、声音、原材料等”；with表示“用具体有形的东西”；by表示“用……手段或方式”，后常接动名词。如：CanyousingthissonginEnglish? Iwritemyhomeworkwithapen. Thegirlmademoneybysellingflowers.7.but,besides和except的区别but表示“除……之外”，常与表示否定含义的词连用；expect表示“除……之外（不再有）”，指从整体中排除expect所带的人或物；besides表示“除……之外（还有）”，它的意思是在原来的基础上加上besides除外的人或物，其前常有other,another,anyother,afew等词。如：Wecandonothingbutwait. AllthestudentswenttothezooexceptJim. Ihaveafewgoodfriendsbesidesyou.8.by,in,on表示旅行方式by：（1）不涉及交通工具的名词时用by。如：bysea,byair;（2）涉及表示交通工具的名词，且该名词为单数形式，前面没有任何冠词或修饰语时用by。如：byship,byplane。on或in：当旅行方式涉及确定的、特指的交通工具时用on或in，交通工具前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰词。在开放型或半开放型工具钱前用on，在封闭工具前用in。如：onmybike,inacar.9.ofsb.与forsb.的区别Itis+形容词+ofsb.todosth.，形容词为clever,kind,nice等描述人物性格的词。如：It’sveryniceofyoutohelpmewithmyhomework.Itis+形容词+forsb.todosth.，形容词为easy,important等不描述人物性格的词。如：Itisimportantforustohaveahealthybody.11.“动词+介词”和“动词+副词”的区别“动词+介词”宾语只可放在介词后，词组有：lookafter,looklike,lookat,arriveat,getto,listento,talkwith,agreeto,agreewith,pointat,hearfrom等。“动词+副词”，宾语为名词时可放在副词前或后，当宾语为代词时只可放在动词和副词之间，词组有：puton,takeoff,turnon,turnoff,turndown,turnup,putaway,writedown,lookup,tryon等。【巩固练习】1. Chinalies_______theeastofAsiaand______thenorthofAustralia. A.to;to B.in;to C.to;in D.in;on

2. ______theafternoonofMarch8,thewomeninthecityhadabigparty. A.To B.In C.At