八下1-5单元重点及考点总结

八年级英语1-5单元考点及重点内容总结Unit1What’sthematter?易考知识点：1.what’sthematter?/what’sthematterwithsb=what’swrongwithsb=what’sthetroublewithsb2.“疼痛”的表达方式：(1)haveasore+身体部位eg:Ihaveasoreleg.(2)havea+身体部位+acheeg:Maryhasatoothache.(3)身体部位+hurt(s)eg:Hishandhurtsbadly.(4)haveapainin/on+the+身体部位eg:Ihaveapaininthearm.(此用法和hitsbin/on/by+the+身体部位同，注意在此结构中the不能用形容词性物主代词来替代)3.短语toomuch和muchtoo区别(1)toomuch的中心词是much,用法与much同。①做形容词，意思是“太多”，修饰不可数名词。Youeattoomuchmeattoday.②做代词，意思是：“太多（……）代替前面提到过的不可数名词。I’msorryIhavetogonow.Ihavetoomuchtodoathome.③做副词，修饰动词（如talk,thank,walk,work等）放在这些词的后面或者是放在这些词的宾语的后面做状语,意思是“过分，太”。Myparentsalwaysworryaboutmetoomuch.Youtalkedtoomuch.(2)muchtoo的中心词是too,用法与too相同，用来修饰形容词或者是副词的原级。eg：Thecoatismuchtooexpensive.Ican’taffordit.Hewalkedmuchtoofast.Icouldn’tkeepupwithhimatall.4.enough用法(1)enough修饰形容词要后置。oldenough(2)enough…to…结构（和too…to…/so…that…结构的互换）5.liedown(lie做“位于，躺”讲时，过去时和过去分词分别是：lay,lain;作“撒谎”讲时时规则变化)6.seesbdoingsth(强调动作)Seesbdosth(强调过程)(watch,notice,lookat,hear,listento用法同see)7.expect用法(1)expecttodosth:eg:Maryexpectstogoabroad.(2)expectsbtodosth:eg:Parentsexpecttheirchildrentobesuccessfulinthefuture.(3)expect+that从句：eg：Iexpectthatshewillcomebacktomorrow.8.agree用法(1)agreetodosth同意去做某事：MaryagreetoclimbthemountainswithNancy.(2)agreewithsb同意某人的观点：Iagreewithyou.(3)agree(withsb)onsth(和某人)就某事达成一致Iagreewithyouonthisproblem.9.(1)sbget(s)/gothit+介词（on/in）+the+身体部位(注意：此处get为系动词，所以get是名词，构成系表结构)Marygothitintheshoulder.(2)hitsb+介词（on/in）+the+身体部位（hit是动词）Thestonehitmeonthehead.(注意：在这两个句型结构中the不能用形容词性物主代词来代替)10.反身代词用法（代词是中招必考内容，一般考察点在反身代词，形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词区分以及all/both;neither/either;none等代词的区分）11.haveproblems/trouble/difficulty(in)doingsth有问题/麻烦/困难做某事类似用法还有：haveagreattime(in)doingsth/have(great)fun(in)doingsth.12.(1)be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于做某事(2)usedtodosth过去常常做某事13.sothat用法(1)so…that…引导的结果状语从句，其中so是副词，修饰形容词或者是副词，that后面加从句。其句型结构主要有：①so+adj/adv+that从句MaryransofastthatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.②so+adj+a/an+n.+that从句Mysonissoyoungaboythathecan’tgotoschool.③somany/much/few/little+n.+that从句Katehadsomanyfallsthatshewasblackandblueallover.(2)such…that…“如此……以至于”，但such后面要用名词。其句型结构主要有：①such+a/an+名词单数+that从句Maryissuchalovelygirlthatwealllikeher.②such+adj+名词复数+that从句Therearesuchdifficultquestionsthatnoonecananswerthem.③adj+不可数名词+that从句Itwassuchterribleweatherthatwehadnothingtodo.(3)注意：so…that引导结果状语从句时可以和such…that…进行互换，例如：Maryissolovelythatwealllikeherverymuch=Maryissuchalovelygirlthatwealllikeherverymuch.(4)sothat还可以引导目的状语从句，一般情况下从句中会有can,could,might等情态动词,此时sothat通常和inorderto(后加短语)和inorderthat(后加句子)进行互换）Maryworkssohardthatshecouldkeepupwithotherstudents.=Maryworkssohardinorderthatshecouldkeepupwithotherstudents.=Maryworkssohardinordertokeepupwithotherstudents.14.合成形容词的构成及用法(1)构成：数词+名词（单数）+形容词，中间用连字符链接。three–meter–long/nine-year-old/100-meter-wide等。(2)用法：做前置定语Maryisanine-year-oldgirl.=Maryisnineyearsold.15.hurt用法(1).V.tocausephysicalpaintosb/yourself;toinjuresb/yourself使疼痛，受伤，过去式:hurt,过去分词:hurt.eg:Maryhurtherselfwhenshewasplayingbasketball./Myleghurts.(2).形容词：①injuredphysically(身体上)受伤的，Nopeoplewerehurt.②感情上受伤的，相当于upset.Shewasdeeplyhurtthatshewasnotinvited.16.掌握短语giveup/keepondoingsth/keepdoingsth/runout/runoutof17.了解定语从句内容Unit2I’llhelptocleanupthecityparks.短语cleanup,giveup,cheerup,fixup,giveaway,giveoff,workout等都是动词+副词构成的短语，所以代词做宾语时，要放在中间。ill和sick区别(注意：ill是表语形容词，不能做定语)短语comeupwith提出好的注意，想法，观点等（为中考常考内容）lonely和alone区别wouldlike用法(1)wouldliketodosth(2)wouldlikesbtodosth6.takeafter(外貌或行为像)；相像=belike/besimilarto/looklike7.the+形容词表示一类人，做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。(形容词有rich,poor;young,old;blind,deaf;disabled等)8.动词imagine+doing9.because和becauseof区别(1)because是连词，后加句子Ididn’tcometoschoolbecauseIwasill.(2)becauseof是短语，后加名词或代词。Ididn’tcometoschoolbecausemyillness.begoodatdoingsth/bebetteratdoingsthhavedifficultyindoingsth以及与此相关的短语begoodat/bebetterat擅长.......bestrongin...在......很强13.注意语法现象：(1)动词不定时或动名词（短语）做主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。TolearnEnglishwellisnecessary.(2)形式主语或形式宾语。(3)宾语从句Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?1.向别人发出邀请，请求或征求意见时，还有以下几种常用表达。(1)Wouldyouliketo…(2)Howabout/whatabout…(3)ShallI/we…(4)MayIinviteyouto…(5)Couldyoupleasedosth2.need用法(1)need用做情态动词(2)need用作实意动词3.巧记只能跟动名词做宾语的动词完成、实践、值得忙（finish,practice,beworth,bebusy）继续、习惯、别放弃（keep,beusedto,giveup）考虑、建议、不禁想（consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike）喜欢、思念、要介意（enjoy,miss,mind）4.表示时间，距离，金额，度量等词语做主语时，无论是单数还是复数，通常被视为整体，谓语动词要用单数形式。Twohoursisenoughformetofinishmyhomework.5.neither用法(1)“neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”表示主语的情况与前者相似。（主语也不那样）neither,只用于否定句中。例如：Shecan’tswim.NeithercanMary.(2)“Neither…nor…“既不……也不……”经常连接两个对等的句子结构。若连接主语时，谓语动词要用就近原则。NeitherherfathernorMaryisinterestedinthisfilm.(3)“Neitherof+复数名词或代词”做主语时，通常视为单数，谓语动词也要用单数形式。Neitherofthemunderstandsthemeeting.他们俩谁也不能理解这个意思。6.lend和borrow用法及区别7.spend/cost/take/pay用法及区别8.when,while“当……时候”(1)when,可以指较短的时间，也可以指一段时间。ItwassnowingwhenIgottothestation.(2)while常指一段较长的时间或是一个过程，强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生。WhileIwasreading,mymotherwaswashingtheclothes.9.the+比较级，the+比较级“越来越……”Themoreyousmile,thehappieryouwillfeel.10.注意语法:情态动词表示推测的情况Unit4Whydon’tyoutalktoyourparents?1.allowvt.允许，准许(1)allowsbtodosth,允许某人干某事。MyparentsallowmetowatchTVafterIfinishmyhomework.(2)allowdoingsth允许做某事，该结构只能加名词或动名词做宾语，不能加动词不定式做宾语。2.not…until用法3.find用法(1)findsbdoingsth“发现某人正在做某事”强调动作正在进行：Ifoundhimsleeping.(现在分词做宾补)(2)findsbtodosth“发现某人做过某事”强调结果：Thepolicefoundthemantocomeinthatroom.(3)findsb/sth+形容词/副词“发现某人处于一种……状态”强调状态。Ifoundhimdishonest.(4)findsb/sth+介词短语。强调状态。Ifoundtheclothesoutofstyle.(5)findsth+doing“发现某物处于某种状态”Ifoundaletterlyingonthefloor.4.whatever(1)引导宾语从句：Youcantakewhateveryoulike.(2)引导让步状语从句：WhateverIdo,Iwillneverforgettomakeacalltomyfather.(whatever=nomatterwhat)5.offer用法(1)offersbsth=offersthtosbHeofferedmeacupoftea.=Heofferedacupofteatome.(2)offertodosth主动提出做某事。Heofferedtolendmehisbike.(3)providesbwithsth=providesthforsb.Therestaurantprovidesthecustomerwithgoodservice.6.在姓氏的复数前加the表示“一家人或夫妻两个”所以如果做主语的话，谓语动词应该用复数形式。TheGreenswerewatchingTVwhenIcametovisitthem.7.comparevt.比较(1)compareAwithBeg:Comparethisbookwiththatoneandyou’llfindthatoneisbetterthanthisone.(2)compareAtoBeg:Thewritersalwayscomparetheyoungpeopletothesuninthemorning.8.(1)developing发展中的Chinaisadevelopingcountry.(2)developed发达的Americaisadevelopedcountry.9.keep用法(1).keep(on)doingsth“坚持做，继续做”Wemustkeeponworkinghardinthecomingnewyear.(2)keepsbdoingsth“让某人一直做某事”Theteacherkeepstheboyonstandingoutoftheclassroom.(3)keepsb/sthfromdoings