高考英语二轮复习 特色重组练 特色重组练二 新人教版-新人教版高三全册英语试题

特色重组练二Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·广东模考)Wehaveallbeenthere.Inarushtoleavethehousewegrabourphonesaheadoutofthedoor,realizingalltoolatethatthebatteryisdeadbecauseweforgottoplugitintothetablecloth.Orperhapswehavenot.Butthiscouldbeinfuturethatscientistshopetoexplorewithelectronicsheetsthatchargeourmobilephones,laptopsandotherequipmentbyharvestingenergyfromtheworldaroundus.Inastepinthatdirection,scientistsatMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havecreatedsuper­thin,bendymaterialsthatabsorbwirelessInternetandotherelectromagneticwavesintheairandturnthemintoelectricity.Theleadresearcher,TomasPalacios,saidthebreakthroughsmoothedthewayforenergy­harvestingcoversrangingfromtableclothstogiantpackingforbuildingsthatcatchenergyfromtheenvironmenttopowersensorsandotherelectronics.Palaciosandhiscolleaguesconnectedabendyantenna(天线)toaflexiblesemiconductor(半导体)layeronlythreeatomsthick.Theantennapicksupwi­fiandotherradiofrequencysignalsandturnsthemintoacurrent.Thisflowsintoaspecialsemiconductor,whereitischangedintoadirectelectricalcurrent.Researchershavemadeenergy­harvesting“rectennas(整流天线)”before,butexistingequipmentismadefromconventionalsemiconductorswhichareinflexible,fragileandpracticallyimpossibletomakeinlargesheets.Thewi­fisignalscanfillanofficewithmorethan100microwattsofpowerthatisripetobecollectedbyenergy­harvestingequipment.TheMITsystemhasanefficiency(效率)ofbetween30%and40%，producingabout40microwattswhenexposedtosignalsbearing150microwattsofpowerinlaboratorytests.“Itdoesn'tsoundlikemuchcomparedwiththe60wattsthatacomputerneeds,butyoucanstilldoalotwithit，”Palaciossaid.“Youcandesignawiderangeofsensors,forenvironmentalmonitoringorchemicalandbiologicalsensing,whichoperateatthesinglemicrowattlevel.”Medicalequipmentisanotherpotentialapplication.Becausewi­fiandsimilarradio­frequencysignalspassthroughpeople,energy­harvestingcoverscouldbeappliedtoimplantedsensorstoprovidethemwithenoughpowertosendouthealthdatatoanoutsidereceiver.eq\x(篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种类似桌布的能量收集罩。)1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inParagraph1referto?A．Thephone. B．Thedoor.C．Thesheet. D．Thetable.答案：A指代判断题。上文提到你匆忙拿着手机出门，结果发现手机没电了，因为你忘记把它插入桌布了。故it代指手机。2．Whatisspecialaboutthenewbreakthrough?A．Itcanharvestwi­fienergy.B．Itissuperthinandflexible.CItcanpoweralltheelectronics.D．Itsmoothesthewayofreceivingsignals.答案：B细节理解题。由第二段中的“super­thin,bendymaterials”可知，重大突破就是超薄、灵活。3．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?A．Anotherenergyharvestingequipment.B．Thefunctionofthehealthdatareceiver.C．Anotherpotentialapplicationofthenewequipment.D．Thewaytoimplantthenewequipmentintothepatient.答案：C段落大意题。由主题句“Medicalequipmentisanotherpotentialapplication.”可知，本段主要讲了新设备的另一个潜在应用。grabv.抓住；攫取batteryn.电池conventionaladj.符合习俗的，传统的；常见的；惯例的第二段第二句：Theleadresearcher,TomasPalacios,saidthebreakthroughsmoothedthewayforenergy­harvestingcoversrangingfromtableclothstogiantpackingforbuildingsthatcatchenergyfromtheenvironmenttopowersensorsandotherelectronics.译文：首席研究员TomasPalacios说，这一突破为能源收集罩的发展铺平了道路，包括从桌布到建筑物的巨型包装。这种能源收集罩能从环境中获取能量，并为传感器和其他电子设备提供动力。分析：这是一个主从复合句，said后面是一个省略了that的宾语从句。而宾语从句中又含有一个定语从句，由that引导，修饰先行词covers。B(原创题)In1782,thebaldeaglewasofficiallydeclaredthenationalsymboloftheUnitedStates.Itbecametheiconthatevoked(唤起)patriotism—afeelingofstrengthandpower,ofindependenceandcourage.Atthetime,thepopulationwasatanestimated100,000birds.Inthe20thcentury,thepopulationofbaldeaglesfelltodangerouslylowlevels,leadingtofearsofextinction.Fortunately,decadesofrecoveryeffortsbroughtthespeciesbackfromthebrink—awitnesstothemeaningfulmilestonesthatcanbeachievedthrougheffectiveconservation.Thedeclinelikelybeganasearlyasthelate1800s,asbotheaglepreyandeagleswerehuntedforthefeathertrade.By1960,therewereonly400nestingpairsleftinthelower48.ThefirsteagleprotectionscamefromtheBaldEagleProtectionActof1940,whichprohibitedthekillingorsellingofbaldeagles.Despitethis,populationscontinuedtofallduetothewidespreaduseofDDTinthe1940sandbeyond—thepesticideoftenendingupinrivers,streamsandlakes,andgatheringinfishtissue.Birdsthatfedonthesefishlaideggswithsuchthinshellsthattheycrackedduringnesting.In1967,thebaldeaglewaslistedas“endangered”underthepredecessortotheEndangeredSpeciesAct—theEndangeredSpeciesPreservationActof1966.ThebaldeaglewasoneofthefirstspeciestobeofficiallylistedundertheEndangeredSpeciesAct(ESA)whenitwassignedin1973.The1972banonDDTmadetheeagle'srecoverypossible.Thatrecoverywasgreatlyspedupbyacombinationofregulatoryrestrictions,nestingsiteprotections,andreintroductionprograms,whichtogethercontributedtoadramaticturnaroundforbaldeaglepopulations.TheESAwasacriticaldriverofalloftheseefforts.In1995,thebaldeagle'sstatuswasreducedfrom“endangered”to“threatened，”withanestimated4,700nestingpairsoccurringinthelower48states.Alittleoveradecadelater,in2007,thespecieswasdelistedwithanestimated10,000nestingpairs.In40years,thebirdsawa25­foldincreaseinitspopulation.TheESAhelpedsavethemosticonicbirdintheUnitedStates.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。拯救濒危珍稀野生动物，我们一直在行动！那么在本篇文章中又有哪一种珍贵的野生动物被成功救助了呢？4．WhendidAmericansfirstprotectbaldeaglesofficially?A．In1910. B．In1940.C．In1782. D．In1967.答案：B细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，在1940年，美国人开始正式保护秃鹰。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“they”referto?A．Thefish. B．Thinshells.C．Eggs. D．Baldeagles.答案：C指代判断题。根据画线词前面的“Birdsthatfedonthesefishlaideggswithsuchthinshells”可知，这里的they指的是前面提到的eggs，指它们吃了DDT之后，鸟蛋的皮比较薄，因此鸟蛋容易坏，从而造成它们繁殖数量的下降。6．HowdidtheESAhelpsavetheeagles?A．Buildingnestingsitesforeagles.B．Settingupspecialconservesforeagles.C．Prohibitingthekillingorsellingofeagles.D．ForbiddingtheuseofDDT.答案：D细节理解题。根据倒数第三段第一句可知，ESA通过禁止使用DDT而帮助秃鹰物种免于灭绝。7．Howmanylawsarethereabouttheeagles?A．1. B．2.C．3. D．4.答案：D推理判断题。通读全文内容可知，共有4项法律法规是关于保护秃鹰的。nationalsymbol国家象征patriotism爱国主义；爱国精神brinkn.边缘，初始状态milestonen.重大事件，里程碑第四段最后一句：Birdsthatfedonthesefishlaideggswithsuchthinshellsthattheycrackedduringnesting.译文：以这些鱼为食的鸟产下的蛋壳非常薄，以至于在筑巢时蛋壳会裂开。分析：这是一个主从复合句。本句使用了such...that...句型，句中that引导结果状语从句；另外thatfedonthesefish是定语从句，修饰先行词birds。Ⅱ.语法填空Crosswordpuzzlesandexercisearejustafewofthehabitsthatimprovememorybest.Butto__1__(true)giveyourbrainapush,youmightwanttotakeasimpletiptoheart—andit'snothingyoulearnedinschool.SofarresearchersfromWaterlooUniversityinCanada__2__(unvover)whatmaybetheeasiestwaytoimproveyourmemoryever.Theirresearch,recentlypublishedinthejournalMemory，__3__(suggest)thatreadingoutloudyourselfcanincreaseyourrecallskills__4__upto15%.Inthestudy,scientistsasked95__5__(participate)totestfourmethodsforlearning__6__(write)information:readingsilently,hearingsomeoneelseread,readingaloud,andlisteningtoarecordingofoneselfreading.Theirresults?Participantswhoreadtheinformationoutloudshowedthebestretention(保持)rates—about15%__7__(high)inlearningspeed,infact.“Say__8__youwanttorememberoutloud,andyou'llhave__9__higherlikelihoodofrememberingit.Yes,it'sthatsimple！”psychologistandstudyco­authorColinMacLeodsaid.Sonexttimeyou'repreparingforabigexam,devotesometimeto__10__(read)loud.Trustus,itmightmakeyouagenius.1．________2.________3.________4.________5．________6.________7.________8.________9．________10.________篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。大声朗读出所要记忆的内容，可以提高记忆效果。1．truly考查词性转换。修饰动词短语giveyourbrainapush，用副词形式。2．haveuncovered考查动词的时态。句首的sofar意为“到目前为止”，常与现在完成时连用。3．suggests考查动词的时态和主谓一致。文章用的是一般现在时态。该句的主语是Theirresearch，所以谓语要用第三人称单数形式，故用suggests。4．by考查介词。大声朗读可以把记忆力最多提高15%。用by表示“增加了或者降低了……”。5．participants考查词性转换。科学家让95名参与者(participants)测试四种方法。6．written考查词性转换。writteninformation“书面材料”。7．higher考查形容词的比较级。此处表示“在学习速度方面要高出15%”，所以用比较级。8．what考查宾语从句的连接词。连接词在宾语从句中作remember的宾语，所以用what。9．a考查冠词。haveahigherlikelihoodof...“更有可能……”。10．reading考查非谓语动词。“devote...to...”中的to是介词，后面接名词或者动词­ing形式。Ⅲ.短文改错Lastmonth,myparentsaskedmetomeetmygrandparentsathigh­speedtrainstationwiththem,butIagreed.Ididn'tseehimforayear.Lastyearwepaidavisittothem,andweinvitethemtovisitthecitywhenwelive,forweboughtanewhousethisyear,witharoomavailableforthem.Seeingus,mygrandparentswereveryhappily.Inthefollowingdays,Ishowedthemaroundourcities.Twoweekslate,theydecidedtogohome.Momboughtforthemnewclothesandsometypicalsnacksfortheirneighbors.Theyexpressedtheirsatisfaction,askustogotothehometownmoreoften.答案：Lastmonth,myparentsaskedmetomeetmygrandparentsateq\o(∧,\s\do15(①the))high­speedtrainstationwiththem,eq\o(but,\s\do15(②and))Iagreed.Ididn'tseeeq\o(him,\s\do15(③them))forayear.Lastyearwepaidavisittothem,andweeq\o(invite,\s\do15(④invited))themtovisitthecityeq\o(when,\s\do15(⑤where))welive,forweboughtanewhousethisyear,witharoomavailableforthem.Seeingus,mygrandparentswereveryeq\o(happily,\s\do15(⑥happy)).Inthefollowingdays,Ishowedthemaroundoureq\o(cities,\s\do15(⑦city)).Twoweekseq\o(late,\s\do15(⑧later))，theydecidedtogohome.Momboughteq\o(eq\o(for,＼),\s\do15(⑨))themnewclothesandsometypicalsnacksfortheirneighbors.Theyexpressedtheirsatisfaction,eq\o(ask,\s\do15(⑩asking))ustogotothehometownmoreoften.1．at后加the考查冠词。此处表示说话人都知道的事物，表特指，故在名词前需加定冠词the。2．but→and考查连词。此处是并列关系，不是转折关系。3．him→them考查代词。此处指代上文提到的grandparents，是复数名词，故用them。4．invite→invited考查动词的时态。由时间状语Lastyear可知，此处谓语动词用一般过去时。5．when→where考查定语从句的引导词。从句修饰先行词city，是指地点的名词，且引导词在从句中作状语，故用where。6．happily→happy考查形容词。在be动词后面用形容词作表语。7．cities→city考查名词。根据语境，作者和家人居住在一个城市，所以用单数。8．late→later考查副词。twoweekslater“两周之后”。9．去掉第一个for考查介词。buysb.sth.或者buysth.