Module1Unit1知识点课件英语八年级上册

教材语境

Work

in

pairs.

结对练习。（教材P2）&1&

pair/peə/

n.（相关的）两个人，一对&2&

作名词，常用短语：in

pairs"成对，成双"。The

students

sometimes

practise

English

in

pairs.学生们有时两人一组练习英语。&3&

a/this/that

pair

of..."一/这/那双，一/这/那副……"，作主语时，句子的谓语动词用单数形式。A

pair

of

gloves

is

a

nice

birthday

present.一副手套是一件很好的生日礼物。This

pair

of

socks

feels

soft.

I'll

take

them.

这双袜子摸起来很软。我买了。（选自绥化中考）教材语境

Correct

the

spelling.

纠正拼写。（教材P2）&4&

correct/kəˈrekt/

v.

改正；纠正

adj.

正确的；对的语境串记I'm

afraid

you

didn't

write

the

word

correctly.

You

have

to

correct

the

mistake

and

make

it

correct.

恐怕你没有写对这个单词。你必须纠正错误，使它正确。&5&

spelling/ˈspelIŋ/

n.

拼写&6&

作名词，常用搭配：the

spelling

of

"……的拼写"。Can

you

tell

me

the

spelling

of

the

word

"smile"？

你能告诉我"smile"这个单词的拼写吗？&7&

spell

作动词，意为"拼写"。Can

you

spell

the

word

"smile"?你能拼写"smile"这个单词吗？教材语境

Listen

and

check

the

words

you

hear.

听录音并勾出你所听到的单词。（教材P2）&8&

word（作可数名词）/wɜːd/

n.

词；单词；字The

passage

is

a

little

long,

over

400

words.

这段文章有点长，有400多字。My

mother

was

angry,

and

she

went

out

without

a

word.我妈妈生气了，她一句话也没说就出去了。&9&

作可数名词，还可意为"话语；言语；说的话"。教材语境

Practise

saying

the

words.

练习说这些单词。（教材P2）&10&

practise/ˈpræktɪs/

v.

练习&11&

&12&

作动词，常见搭配：practise

doing

sth.练习做某事That

sounds

like

a

fun

way

to

practise

writing.

那听起来像是一种有趣的练习写作的方式。（选自贵阳中考）语境串记As

we

all

know,

practice

makes

perfect.

In

order

to

play

the

piano

better,

you

need

to

practise

playing

it

every

day.

众所周知，熟能生巧。要把钢琴弹得更好,你需要每天练习弹奏。典例1

(遂宁中考改编)用所给单词的适当形式填空。These

foreigners

are

practising

_________

（speak）

Chinese.speaking【解析】practise

doing

sth.

"练习做某事"，为固定搭配。故填speaking。教材语境

Match

the

words

with

their

meanings.

将单词与它们的意思进行匹配。（教材P2）&13&

match/mætʃ/

v.找到与……相配之物，使相配；使成对&14&

在此作动词，常用结构：match...with..."把……与……相配"。You'd

better

not

match

the

red

jacket

with

the

green

trousers.

你最好不要把红夹克与绿裤子相配。&15&

作名词，意为"比赛；火柴"。&16&

meaning/ˈmiːnɪŋ/

n.

意义；意思&17&

作名词，常用搭配：the

meaning

of

"……的意义/意思"。A

character

stands

for

a

word

and

also

a

meaning.

一个字符代表一个字，也代表一个意思。（选自广元中考）Finally

they

understood

the

meaning

of

life

after

the

accident

last

year.在去年的事故之后，他们终于明白了生命的意义。（选自遂宁中考）&18&

相关词语：语境串记I

know

your

meaning.

You

mean

that

staying

at

home

all

day

long

is

meaningless

and

that

looking

for

a

job

is

meaningful.我懂你的意思。你的意思是整天待在家里毫无意义,找一份工作才有意义。教材语境

Complete

the

sentences

with

the

words

in

the

box.

用方框中的单词完成句子。（教材P2）教材语境

look

up

查；查找（教材P2）&20&

look

up查；查找&21&

&22&

在此属于"动词+副词"型短语。名词作其宾语时，放在up前后均可；代词作其宾语时，只能放在两者之间。其宾语是要查找的对象，如word、phone

number等。Now,

many

students

don't

look

up

new

words

in

the

dictionary;

they

look

them

up

on

the

Internet.现在，很多学生不在词典中查生词，他们在网上查。&23&

也可意为"抬头往上看"。The

girl

looked

up

when

I

sat

in

front

of

her.当我坐在这个女孩面前的时候，她抬头看了看。归纳总结

与look相关的常见短语还有：look

after

照顾

look

（a）round

环顾look

at

看；察看

look

for

寻找look

forward

to

盼望

look

over

仔细检查look

through

浏览

look

into

朝里面看；调查考向点拨

up的含义；2.代词作look

up的宾语时，要位于look与up之间。典例2

完成句子，每空一词。(随州中考改编)我能通过查字典找到生词的意思。I

can

find

the

meaning

of

the

new

words

by

________

______

____

in

a

dictionary.lookingthemup【解析】look

up意为"查；查找"，new

words用代词them替代，代词作look

up的宾语时，放在两者之间。介词by后面的动词要用动词-ing形式，故填looking

them

up。教材语境

What

mistake

did

Lingling

make?

玲玲犯了什么错误？（教材P2）&24&

mistake/mɪˈsteɪk/

n.

错误；过错&25&

在此作可数名词。常用短语：make

a

mistake/make

mistakes

"犯错误",by

mistake"错误地，无意中"。The

key

to

success

is

to

learn

from

your

mistakes

and

never

give

up.

成功的关键在于从错误中吸取教训，并且永不放弃。（选自烟台中考）My

brother

was

quite

careless,

so

he

made

mistakes

in

spelling

in

the

exam.

我哥哥相当

粗心,所以在考试中犯了拼写错误。（选自龙东中考）Last

night,

a

gentleman

put

something

unexpected

into

my

hat

by

mistake.

昨晚，一位先生错把意想不到的东西放进了我的帽子。（选自荆门中考）&26&

作动词，意为"看错；误解"。mistake...for...把……错当成……They

often

mistake

Li

Ming

for

his

twin

brother.

他们经常把李明错当成他的孪生哥哥。教材语境

Today，we're

going

to

talk

about

good

ways

to

learn

English.

今天,我们要讨论学习英语的好方法。（教材P2）&27&

ways/a

way

to

do

&28&

为固定用法，其中to

do

，修饰ways/a

way；可用ways/a

way

of

doing

sth.替换。Do

you

know

a

good

way

to

practise（=a

good

way

of

practising）

speaking

English？

你知道练习说英语的好方法吗？&29&

英语中，抽象名词way（方法）、chance（机会）、ability

（能力）、courage（勇气）等后经常跟动词不定式作定语，表示"做……的方法/机会/能力/勇气等"。He

knows

not

everyone

has

a

chance

to

travel

into

space.

他知道并非每个人都有机会进入太空。（选自德阳中考）教材语境

Who

has

some

advice?

谁有一些建议呢？（教材P2）&30&

advice（不可数名词）/ədˈvaɪs/

n.

意见；建议&31&

语境串记I

asked

my

teacher

for

advice

about

how

to

learn

English.

He

gave

me

a

piece

of

advice：Practise

speaking

English

every

day.

I

took

his

advice.

我向老师征询如何学习英语的建议。他给了我一条建议：每天练习说英语。我采纳了他的建议。advice"建议"，为不可数名词，没有复数形式。suggestion"建议"，为可数名词，其复数形式是suggestions。The

expert

Zhong

Nanshan

gives

us

some

useful

advice（=suggestions）.专家钟南山给了我们一些有用的建议。&32&

advice与suggestion典例3

(福建中考)—Betty,

you'd

betterfollow

the

doctor's

___

and

do

more

exercise.—I

will.

Thank

you.A

【解析】句意：——贝蒂，你最好听从医生的建议，多做运动。

——我会的。谢谢你。advice"建议"；agreement"同意"；information"信息"。follow

one's

advice"听从某人的建议"为固定短语。故选A。教材语境

We

should

always

speak

English

in

class.

在课堂上我们应该一直说英语。（教材P2）&33&

should（否定形式为shouldn't）/ʃʊd/

.

应该&34&

作情态动词,

其后接动词原形,没有人称和数的变化。具体用法如下：表示建议或劝告Students

should

learn

more

about

how

to

protect

their

eyesight.

学生应该了解更多保护他们视力的方法。（选自烟台中考）Kids

shouldn't

swim

in

the

river

without

adults.

没有成人（陪伴）的情况下小孩子不应该在河里游泳。（选自百色中考）表示推测It's

4:30

now.

They

should

be

in

New

York.现在是四点半,

他们应该在纽约了。表示义务Everyone

should

take

action

to

save

the

animals

in

great

danger.

每个人都应该采取行动拯救处于极度危险中的动物。（选自贵港中考）典例4

(武威中考)We

___

try

our

best

to

fight

against

pollution.

C.mustn't

D.needn't【解析】句意：我们应该竭尽全力与污染作斗争。should"应该"；may"也许，可能"；mustn't"禁止"；needn't"不需要"。此处表示义务，应用情态动词should（应该）。故选A。A教材语境

Let's

try

to

speak

English

as

much

as

possible.

咱们尽可能多地说英语吧。（教材P2）&35&

as...as

possible尽可能……（相当于as...as

one

can/could）&36&

该结构中的两个as之间的形容词或副词用原级,

其中possible作形容词，意为"可能的"。My

grandpa

is

sleeping,

so

I

walk

as

quietly

aspossible.我爷爷正在睡觉，所以我尽可能轻声地走路。&37&

possible的相关词语：教材语境

Why

not

write

down

our

mistakes

in

our

notebooks?

为什么不把错误写在笔记本上呢？（教材P2）&38&

Why

not

+动词原形...?&39&

是提建议的句型,相当于"Why

don't

you/we+动词原形...?"。其答语常为"That's

a

good

idea."

或"Sounds

great/good."。—Why

not

go

out

for

a

picnic

this

Sunday?为什么这周日不出去野餐呢？—Sounds

great!听起来不错！（选自铜仁中考）&40&

"Why

not?"意为

"为什么不呢？"，表示欣然接受对方的提议或邀请。考向点拨

not后接动词原形；2."Why

not+动词原形...?"和"Why

don't

you/we+动词原形...?"进行同义转换。典例5

按要求完成句子，每空一词。(重庆中考B卷)Why

don't

you

watch

a

talk

show?（改为同义句）______

____

watch

a

talk

show?Whynot&41&

write

down

写下；记下&42&

为"动词+副词"型短语。宾语若是名词，放在down前后均可；宾语若是代词，只能放在write和down之间。—Please

write

down

the

language

points（=write

the

language

points

down）

in

your

notebook.请把知识点写在你的笔记本上。—OK.

I

will

write

them

down.好的。我会记下它们的。&43&

常见的"动词+down"型短语：put

down

放下；写下

take

down写下，记录break

down

出故障

count

down

倒计时calm

down（使）平静，镇静turn

down

把……调低；拒绝教材语境

And

don't

forget

to

write

down

the

correct

answers

next

to

the

mistakes.

别忘了把正确答案写在错误旁边。（教材P2）&44&

forget（过去式：forgot）/fəˈɡet/

v.

忘；忘记forget

to

do

sth.忘记做某事（没有做）My

father

forgot

to

feed.

.the

pet

dog,so

it

was

still

hungry.我爸爸忘记喂宠物狗了，所以它还饿着。forget

doing

sth.忘记做过某事（已经做了）My

father

forgot

feeding

the

pet

dog,

and

he

fed

it

again.我爸爸忘记喂过宠物狗了，又喂了它一次。&45&

forget

to

do

doing

sth.典例6

(贵港中考)—Amy,

don't

forget

___

your

mask（口罩）

when

you

go

out.—Don't

worry,

Mom.

I

will.C

wear

【解析】句意：——埃米，你出去的时候别忘了戴口罩。——别担心，妈妈。我会的。forget

to

do

sth.意为"忘记做某事（没有做）"；forget

doing

sth.意为"忘记做过某事（已经做了）"。根据语境可知选C。教材语境

It

（形式主语）'s

a

good

idea（表语）to

spell

and

pronounce

new

words

aloud

every

day.（真正的主语

）

每天大声拼读生词是一个好主意。（教材P2）&46&

It's

+n./adj.+

to

do

sth.&47

意为"做某事是……（的）"，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是to

do

sth.（常考点）。

It's

a

good

habit

to

take

a

walk

after

supper.

晚饭后散步是个好习惯。

It's

right

to

help

people

in

trouble.

帮助处于困境中的人是对的。典例7

用所给单词的适当形式填空。(南京中考)It's

popular

_______（hire）

a

boat

and

row

on

the

Xuanwu

Lake.to

hire&48&

pronounce（名词形式为pronunciation"发音；读音"）

/prəˈnaʊns/v.

发……的音—Do

you

know

the

pronunciation

of

the

letter

"f"?

你知道字母"f"的发音吗？—Yes.

It

pronounces

"/ef/".

是的。它发"/ef/"的音。语境串记The

word

"record"

has

two

pronunciations.

Can

you

pronounce

it

correctly?

"record"这个单词有两种发音，你能读对吗？典例8

用所给词的适当形式填空。(昆明中考)I

was

afraid

to

ask

questions

because

of

my

poor

_____________（pronounce）.pronunciation【解析】句意：由于我糟糕的发音，我害怕问问题。空前的形容词poor提示此处要用所给动词的名词形式。故填pronunciation。&49&

aloud/əˈlaʊd/

adv.

大声地；出声地&50&

为副词，通常与laugh、cry、say、read等动词连用。The

pain

made

her

cry

aloud.她痛得叫起来。My

grandfather

likes

reading

newspapers

aloud.我爷爷喜欢朗读报纸。&51&

loudly作副词，意为"响亮地；大声地"，含有"喧闹"的意味（用法详见Module

3）。Don't

speak

loudly

in

public

places.

不要在公共场所大声喧哗。教材语境

How

about

listening

to

the

radio？听广播怎么样呢？（教材P2）&52&

How

about...？（相当于"What

about…?"）……怎么样？&53&

在此用来向对方提出建议。其中about作介词，其后常接名词、代词或动词-ing作宾语。How

about

another

piece

of

cake?

再吃块蛋糕怎么样？特别提醒"How

about...?"的常见答语有:

Sounds

good.

/

It's

a

good

idea./

Great./

Sounds

like

fun./I'm

afraid

I

can't...—How

about

going

shopping

with

me?

和我一起去购物怎么样？—Sounds

good.

听起来不错。用来征求对方的看法或意见How

about

the

TV

play?

那部电视剧怎么样？用来询问信息或引出话题I

am

from

Beijing.

How

about

you?

我来自北京，你呢？&54&

"How

about...?"的其他常见用法：典例9

(无锡中考)—How

about

going

to

the

library

this

afternoon?—___

Reading

is

my

therapy（疗法）.DA.Are

you

kidding?

B.You

got

me

there.C.Don't

you

know?

D.You

read

my

mind.【解析】A项意为"你在开玩笑吧"；B项意为"你难住我了"；C项意为"难道你不知道"；D项意为"你知我心"。上句是在提出建议，结合"Reading

is

my

therapy（疗法）"（阅读是我的治疗方法）可知，此处表示赞同。故选D。教材语境

You

don't

need

to

understand

every

word.

你们不需要明白每个单词（的意思）。（教材P2）&55&

need

v.

需要&56&

在此作实义动词。常用结构：need

need

to

do

（sth.）

need（s）

doing（某事/物）需要被做The

flowers

need

wateringand

you

need

to

water

them

every

day.

这些花需要浇水，并且你需要每天给它们浇水。&57&

还可作情态动词，多用于疑问句和否定句中。Need

they

do

their

homework

right

now?

In

my

opinion,

they

needn't

do

it

at

once.他们需要马上做作业吗？依我看，他们不必马上做。&58&

understand

（过去式：understood）/ˌʌndəˈstænd/

v.

理解；明白&59&

可作及物动词或不及物动词。If

you

can't

understand

a

new

word,

you

can

look

it

up

in

a

dictionary.

如果你不能理解一个生词的意思，你可以在词典中查。（选自自贡中考）（作及物动词）Sorry,I

don't

understand.

Can

you

explain

that

again?对不起，我不明白。

你能再解释一遍吗？（作不及物动词）&60&

口语中表示"理解，明白"还可用以下表达方式：That's

what

I

want

to

say.

Are

you

clear?

那就是我想说的。你们明白了吗？Can

you

catch

the

meaning

of

the

sentence?

你能领会这个句子的意思吗？教材语境

You

just

need

to

listen

for

key

words

and

main

ideas.

你们只需要留心听关键词和主要意思。（教材P2）&61&

key

/kiː/

adj.

关键性的，非常重要的Chen

Wei

is

also

one

of

the

key

leaders

in

China's

Ebola

vaccine

research.陈薇也是中国埃博拉疫苗研究的重要领军人物之一。（改编自玉林中考）&62&

（1）还可作名词，表示"关键，要诀"，the

key

to..."……的关键"。The

key

to

happiness

is

making

others

happy.快乐的关键是让别人快乐。（选自宁波中考）（2）作名词，还可表示"钥匙；（打字机等的）键"。I

wonder

if

it

is

the

key

to

the

garden.

我想知道它是不是花园的钥匙。（选自连云港中考）You

can

type

with

the

keys

on

the

keyboard.

你可以用键盘上的键打字。&63&

main

（副词