阅读理解精练13（含答案与解析）-2022届高考英语专训

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

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Educationisnotanend,butameanstoanend.Inotherwords,wedonoteducate

childrenonlyforthepurposeofeducatingthem.Ourpurposeistofitthemforlife.

Insomemodemcountriesithasforsometimebeenfashionable［时兴的］tothinkthat

byfreeeducationforall—whetherrichorpoor,cleverorstupid—onecansolveallthe

problemsofsocietyandbuildaperfectnation.Butwecanalreadyseethatfree

educationforallisnotenough;wefindinsuchcountriesafarlargernumberofpeople

withuniversitydegrees,theyrefusedtodowhattheythink"low"work,and,infact,

workwithhandsisthoughttobedirtyandshamefulinsuchcountries.Butwehaveonly

tothinkamomenttounderstandthattheworkofacompletelyuneducatedfarmerisfar

moreimportantthanthatofaprofessor,wecanlivewithouteducation,butwedieifwe

havenofood.Ifnoonecleanedourstreetsandtooktherubbishawayfromourhouses,

weshouldgetterriblediseasesinourtowns...

Infact,whenwesaythatallofusmustbeeducatedtofitusforlife,itmeansthat

wemustbeeducatedinsuchawaythat,firstly,eachofuscandowhateverwork

suitedtohisbrainsandabilityand,secondly,thatwecanrealizethatalljobsare

necessarytosociety,andthatitisverybadtobeashamedofoneswork.Onlysucha

typeofeducationcanbeconsideredvaluabletosociety.

1.Thewriterofthispassagethinksthat.

A.educationcansettlealloftheworld'sproblems

B.freeeducationforallprobablyleadstoaperfectworld

C.freeeducationwon'thelptosolvesocialproblems

D.allthesocialproblemscan'tbesolvedbyeducation

2.Thewriterwantstoprovethat.

A.oursocietyneedsallkindsofjobs

B.oursocietyneedsfreeeducationforall

C.afarmerismoreimportantthanaprofessor

D.peoplewithuniversitydegreesrefusetodowhattheythink"low"work

3.accordingtothepassage,.

A.workwithhandsisdirtyandshameful

B.workwithhandsislowwork

C.workwithhandsisthemostimportant

D.wecan'tregardworkwithhandsaslowwork

4.Thepurposeofeducationis.

A.tochooseasystemofeducation

B.topreparechildrenmainlyfortheirfuturework

C.toleteveryonereceiveeducationfitforhim

D.tobuildaperfectworld

5.Thepassagetellsusaboutofeducation.

A.themeansB.thesystem

C.thevalueD.thetype

（二）

Undergroundvegetablegarden

Peoplelivingmorethanthreethousandmetersabovesealevelfinditdifficulttoraise

vegetablesallyearlong.PeoplelivinginthehighlandsofPeruandBolivia,forexample,

cannotgrowvegetablesoutdoorsduringthemonthsofMaythroughSeptember.Itisvery

coldinthehighlandsatthattimeofyear.Iftraditionalfarmingmethodsareused,

vegetableswillnotsurvive.

However,thereisanotherwaytogrowvegetablesthroughouttheyearincoldareas.

ItisamethodofgardeningdevelopedbyaprivateagencycalledWorldNeighbors.The

methoduses"hothouses"builtbelowground.Ahothouseisabuildingcoveredwith

plasticorglassinwhichvegetablesorflowersaregrown.Thetraditionalhothouseis

builtaboveground.

TheairtemperatureiscoldinthehighlandsofPeruandBoliviaduringthewinter.But,

thewintersunishot.So,WorldNeighborsadvisesfarmerstheretobuildhothouses

belowground.Thedesignissimple.Thematerialdoesnotcostmuch.HereishowWorld

Neighborssaystobuildit：Digaholetwoandone-halfmeterswideandsixmeterslong.

Makeitabouttwometersdeep.Buildwallwithadoorinoneendofthehole.Digsteps

fromthegrounddowntothedoor.

Now,buildawallalongthetopedgeofthehole.Makeitaboutone-halfmeterstall.

Earthbricksworkfine.Buildtwoshorterwallsontheends.

Thesewillbeuneven;onesidewillbeashighastheexistingwall.Theothersidewill

beatgroundlevel.Leaveasmallopeningineachoftheseslopingwalls.Thisprevents

thehothousefrombecomingtoohot.Now,maketheroof.Buildawoodframe.Coverit

withclearplastic.Connectittothebrickwalls.

Theundergroundhothousewehavedescribedislargeenoughfortworaised

vegetablebeds.Eachisonemeterwideandsixmeterslong.Eachisseededand

wateredjustasifitwereinagardenaboveground.

Thedirtwallsprotectthegrowingplantsfromthecold.Theclearplasticroofpermits

thesunsheattoenter.Atnight,theroofshouldbecoveredwithstraw.Thishelps

preventcoldairfromentering.Anundergroundhothousethissizewillprovideenough

vegetablesforonefamily.Groupsneedingmorevegetablescanmakeitbigger.

1.IfyoulivedinPeru,you.

A.shouldraisethespecialkindsofvegetablesthatcanendurecold

B.couldnotplantatall

C.hadtoworkoutsomenewunusualplans

D.wouldnothavemanyvegetablestoeat

2.Tooursurprise,the"hothouses"inventedbyWorldNeighborsare.

A.coveredwithatransparentplasticceilingB.builtunderground

C.quitesmallD.hotterthan

3.Thehothousecanbekeptwarmbyusing.

A.abigovenB.anelectricityheater

C.theheatoftheearth'sinteriorD.thesunshine

4.Themeasuretopreventthehothousefrombecomingtoohotisto.

A.maketheroofsloped

B.digholesonthewalls

C.makethewallnotvertical

D.makethewallsshorterthanthegroundlevel

5.accordingtothepassage,themethodsuggestedbyWorldNeighborsis.

A.newanddifficultB.uneasytoexplain

C.attrialstepD.simpleandpractical

（三）

Sometimesitisimpossibletodeliverallthemailthatarrivesatthepostoffice.

Perhapsthereisaninadequateorillegibleaddressandthereisnoreturnaddress.The

postofficecannotjustthrowthemailaway,soitbecomes"deadmail".

DeadmailissenttooneoftheU.S.PostalServicesdeadmailofficesinAtlanta,

NewYork,Philadelphia,St.Paul,andSanFrancisco.Seventy-fivemillionpiecesof

mailcanendupintheseofficesinoneyear.

Thestaffofthedeadmailofficeshasavarietyofwaystodealwithallofthesepieces

ofdeadmail.Firstofall,theylookforcluesthatcanhelpthemdeliverthemail;they

openpackagesinthehopethatsomethinginsidewillshowwherethepackagecomes

fromorisgoingto.Deadmailwillalsobelistedonacomputersothatpeoplecancallin

andchecktoseeifamissingitemisthere.However,allofthismailcannotsimplybe

storedforever;thereisjusttoomuchofit.Whenalotofdeadmailhaspiledup,the

deadmailofficesholdpublicauctions.Everythreemonths,thepublicisinvitedtothe

officesandbinscontainingitemsfoundindeadmailpackagesandtheyaresoldtothe

highestbidder.

1.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasawaytodealwithdeadmail?

A.Tosearchforclues.

B.Tothrowdeadmailaway.

C.Toopendeadmail.

D.Tolistdeadmailonacomputer.

2.Thestaffinadeadmailofficemayopenapackageinordertofind.

A.somemoneyB.somemissingobjects

C.anaddressD.acomputer

3.Thepassageindicatesthatdeadmailauctionsareheld.

A.onceayearB.twiceayear

C.threetimesayearD.fourtimesayear

4.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.DeadMailB.MailAuction

C.UnknownMailD.TheDeadMailOffice

（四）

WhenyouarereadingsomethinginEnglish,youmayoftenmeetwithanewword.

What'sthebestwaytoknowit?YoumaylookitupinanEnglish-ChineseDictionary.It

willtellyoualotabouttheword：thepronunciation,thepartofspeech,theChinese

meaningandalsohowtousethisword.Buthowcanyouknowwherethewordisin

thousandsofEnglishwords?Howtofinditinthedictionarybothquicklyandcorrectly?

First,alltheEnglishwordsarearrangedinthealphabeticalorderInthedictionary

youcanfirstseethewordsbeginningwiththeletterA,B,C,D...Thatmeans,ifthere

aretwowords"general"and"monitor","general"willbecertainlybefore"monitor".Then

iftherearetwowordsbothbeginningwiththesameletter,youmaylookatthesecond

letter.Thenthethird,thefourth...Forexample,"before"isbefore"begin","foreigner"

before"forest",etc.Doyouunderstandhowtolookupawordinadictionary?

Thedictionarywillbeyourgoodfriend.Ihopeyou'lluseitasoftenaspossibleinyour

Englishlearning.

1.accordingtothepassage,ifwedon'tknowaword,we'dbetter.

A.thinkhard

B.writeitagainandagain

C.askourteacherorclassmate

D.lookitupinadictionary

2.WhenyoulookupawordintheEnglish-ChineseDictionary,youshould

understandnotonlyitsChinesemeaning,butalso.

A.itspronunciation

B.it'spartofspeech

C.theuseofit

D.A,BandC

3.IntheEnglish-ChineseDictionary,thefirstpartis.

A.thewordsbeginningwiththeletterA

B.thewordsbeginningwiththeletterB

C.thesimplewords

D.theveryshortwords

4.Herearefourwords：(1)regular(2)relative(3)reject(4)religion.

TherightorderintheEnglish-ChineseDictionaryis.

A.(1),(2),(3),(4)

B.(1),(3),(2),(4)

C.(2),(3),(4),(1)

D.(3),(1),(4),(2)

5.TheEnglish-ChineseDictionaryis.

A.usefulinourChineselearning

B.ourgoodfriendinlearningChinese

C.agoodfriendinourEnglishlearning

D.notusefulinlearningEnglish

（五）

ForJennifer,thewordceramicsusuallyremindedheraboutpottery.Todayasshe

listenedtoDr.Kramer,thewordtookonanewsense.l*Youraunthasbrokenthebone

inherhip,Jennifer.Agehastakenitstaxonherbonestructure,soweneedtoreplace

herhipwithanewonemadeoutofceramicsandmetal.I'vedescribedtheprogramto

youraunt,andnowshemustdecideifshewantstoundergosurgery."Jenniferwas

unsettledbyDr.Kramer'sadvice.However,hermindwassetateasewhensheheard

herauntsay,"Aceramichipisnobigdeal,Jennifer!Why,therearepeoplewho've

lostarmsandlegsandnowhaveartificiallimbsthatworknearlyaswellasthenatural

ones.Thereareartificialheartsforpeoplewhoseheartshavefailedtoworkproperly.All

theseadvancesoffernewlifeforfolkslikeme.""AuntNancy,yousoundlikeamedical

advertisement,“

Jenniferinterrupted."Fromnowon,I'llcallyoumyrobotaunt!""Ilikethat!"Aunt

Nancysaid,"Neverdoubtthatyourrobotauntwouldpreferhavinganaturalhip,butif

it'sachoicebetweenauselesshipandausefulone,thenI'lltaketheartificialone."

1.JenniferdescribesAuntNancyassounding"likeamedicaladvertisement"

becauseAuntNancy.

A.knewmuchaboutthereplacementofbodyparts

B.soldmedicalproducts

C.praisedthehospitaldoctor

D.wroteanarticleaboutreplacementsurgery

2.Theauthorofthestoryseemsto.

A.opposetheuseofartificialbodyparts

B.takepityonJennifer

C.supporttheuseofartificialbodyparts

D.beanxiousforsurgicalpatients

3.Theterm"robot-aunt"suggeststhatAuntNancy.

A.willhavetheabilitytowalkagain

B.willhaveanonhumanpart,asdoesarobot

C.hasanaturalhip

D.willhavestrengthbeyondthatofmosthumans

4.Whatwillprobablyhappennext?

A.JenniferwillaskAuntNancytoreconsiderherdecision.

B.Dr.Kramerwillrefusetoperformtheoperation.

C.AuntNancywillbeoperatedonbyDr.Kramer.

D.Jenniferwillpersuadeheraunttoputofftheoperation.

参考答案与解析

（-）

本文论述了教育不是终点，但是通向终点的一个方法，教育的目的是为了使人们适应

生活。

1.D»概括题。通过阅读全文可知教育并不能解决所有的问题，故答案为Do

2.A»推理判断题。Sthatwecanrealizethatalljobsarenecessarytosociety,and

thatitisverybadtobeashamedofoneswork（所有的职业都是社会所必须的，而不应该

歧视任何一个人的工作），故可推出此题答案为A。

3.Do推理判断题。Awecanlivewithouteducation,butwedieifwehavenofood

（没有受教育，我们还有生命，但若没有食物，我们就不可能生活），意指我们不应该歧

视那些体力活，故答案选D。

4.B»事实细节题。文中第1段最后一句。urpurposeistofitthemfoMfe（教育的目

的是为了使他们适应以后的生活和工作）可知答案为Bo

5.C»主旨大意题。本文主要讲教育的目的是为了使人更好的适应生活，即指教育对社

会的价值问题，从Onlysuchatypeofeducationcanbeconsideredvaluabletosociety

可推知答案选C。

（二）

本文介绍了在高原地区种植农作物是很困难的，但是我们可以在地下种植作物。

1.Co细节题。从thereisanotherwaytogrowvegetablesthroughouttheyearincold

areas.Itisamethodofgardening…可知答案选C,

2.Bo细节题。从WorldNeighborsadvisesfarmerstheretobuildhothousesbelow

ground可知答案选B。

3.Do细节题。由原文Theclearplasticroofpermitsthesunsheattoenter可知答案

为D（thesunsheat=thesunshine）。

4.Bo细节题。从Leaveasmallopeningineachoftheseslopingwalls.Thisprevents

thehothousefrombecomingtoohot可知答案为B。

5.D«推断题。由通过阅读全文可知此方法既简单又实用，故答案选D。

（三）

本文主要是讲有关deadmail的形成以及邮局对deadmail的处理方法。

1.Bo事实细节题。根据文中的...theylookforclues…theyopenpackages...Deadmail

willalsobelistedonacomputersothat…可知，选项A、C>D均提到了,但没有提到期

Tothrowdeadmailaway故选B。

2.Co事实细节题。根据第3段中的...theyopenpackagesinthehopethatsomething

insidewillshowwherethepackagecamefromorisgoingto可知答案为C。

3.Do事实细节题。根据文中的allofthismailcannotsimplybestoredforever...Every

threemonths可推出答案为D。

4.Ao主旨大意题。文章主要谈及DeadMail及其处理方法，故答案选A。

（四）

本文主要告诉人们如何查字典的。

1.Do事实细节题。根据