情态动词和虚拟语气-2021年新高考英语二轮复习语法及题型大全 （含答案）

如何判定情态动词和虚拟语气

一、意义和语气判断法

所谓意义判断法就是分析语境并确定应填情态动词的含义。因此熟练掌握每个情态动词的意义和用法

是答题的前提。此外，情态动词主要表示说话人的语气、态度或情感，所以在解答此类试题时，要从说话

者的角度去考虑问题，结合具体的语境来分析和判断，最后确定所需情态动词是否符合说话者的语气以及

特定的情感需要。

【例I】（浙江卷）George（notgo）toofar.Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.

【分析】can,t/couldn,thavegone由下文的Hiscoffeeisstillwarm.可以看出，乔治应该是刚离开，不可能

走太远，表示对过去发生的事情非常有把握的否定推测，故填carft/couldrfthavegone。

二、时间判断法

虚拟语气的考查重点在于判断句子是对现在、过去还是将来的动作进行虚拟。判断出时间后再根据相

应的结构或句型确定谓语动词的形式。

【例2】（天津卷）1wishI（be）atmysister'sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripin

NewYorkthen.

【分析】hadbeen句意：我真希望上周二参加了妹妹的婚礼，不过我当时正在纽约出差。根据句中的

but可知“我参加了妹妹的婚礼”只是一种假设，根据空后的时间状语lastTuesday可知，动作发生在过去，此

处表示与过去事实相反的假设，故谓语用“had+过去分词”结构。故填hadbeen。

三、情态动词和虚拟语气增分攻略

①情态动词不能单独作谓语，需和后面的实义动词或be动词构成谓语：情态动词+do/be；表对过去的猜测

时用“情态动词+havedone”。

②情态动词后应接动词原形，后接形容词或名词时需与系动词be构成系表结构。

③注意虚拟语气be动词通常用were。

④suggest、order,require、insist等表建议、命令、要求和坚决要求的动作后的宾语从句常用“should+

动词原形”结构，should可以省略。

⑤虚拟语气的考查重点在于判断句子是对现在、过去还是将来的情况进行的虚拟，判断出时间后再根据相

应的句型确定谓语动词的形式。

⑥牢记几个句式：

①wouldratherthat...did（与现在或将来相反）/haddone（与过去相反）；

②It's（high）timethat...did/shoulddo

③wishthat+...would/coulddo（与将来事实相反）；

wishthat+...did/were（与现在事实相反）;

wishthat+...haddone（与过去事实相反）

考点一情态动词的基本用法

一、can和could的用法

1.表示“能力”，意为“能，会”。

（北京卷）Samuel,thetallestboyinourclass,caneasilyreachthebooksonthetopshelf.

（湖北卷）ItwasseveralminutesbeforeIcouldtakeinwhathewassaying.

【名师点津】

was/wereableto表示过去有能力做并且成功做了某事，相当于managedtodosth./succeededindoingsth.。

Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryonewasabletogetout.

2.表示推测，意为“可能％用于否定句或疑问句中。can比could语气强。

Thatcan'tbeMary-sheisinLondonnow.

3.表示理论上的可能性，意为“有时候可能会”，用于肯定句。

（2018•北京卷）Intoday'sinformationage,thelossofdatacancauseseriousproblemsforacompany.

4.表示礼貌地请求，意为“能，可以”。在疑问句中could可代替can,语气更委婉。

（江苏卷）-Canyoutellusyourrecipeforhappinessandalonglife?

—Livingeverydaytothefull,definitely.

5.用于固定句式：cannot…too/enough”无论..也不过分；越....越好....

（陕西卷）1can"thankyoutoomuchforallyourhelptomysonwhilewewereawayfromhome.

二、may和might的用法

1.表示许可和请求，在疑问句中might比may的语气更委婉。

（北京卷）Might/MayIhaveawordwithyou?Itwon'ttakelong.

2.表示推测，意为“可能，或许力通常用于肯定句和否定句中。

（湖南卷）Ifyouforgottoturnitoffwhenyouwentaway,youmightburndownthehouse.

3.用于固定句式：mayaswell+动词原形，意为“最好;倒不如..

Sinceitisraininghard,youmayaswellstayhere.

三、must的用法

1.表示义务、必要性等，意为“必须”。其否定式mustift意为“禁止”。

（北京卷）―Can'tyoustayalittlelonger?

一It'sgettinglate.Ireallymustgonow.Mydaughterishomealone.

2.表示猜测、推测，意为“想必，一定,must常用于肯定句中。对现在或未来的事进行猜测时，用mustdo；

对正在进行的事进行猜测时，用mustbedoing；对已经发生的事进行猜测时，用musthavedone。

（重庆卷）YoumustbeCarol.Youhaven'tchangedabitafteralltheseyears.

3.表示偏执，固执，意为“非得，偏要”。

（辽宁卷）Ifyoumustgo,atleastwaituntilthestormisover.

四、shall的用法

1.用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。

（江西卷）ShallItellBretttocomeoverstraightafterschooltomonow?

2.用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。

（辽宁卷）Oneofourrulesisthateverystudentshallwearschooluniformwhileatschool.

五、should的用法

1.表示劝告和建议，意为“应该”。

Idon'tthinkyoushouldgiveuptheopportunitytogotouniversitywhichyouhavebeendreamingabout.

2.表示推测、可能性、或预期，意为“应该；可能九

Heshouldbehereontime—hestartedearlyenough.

3.用于表示感情或意志等的that从句中，意为“竟然……；居然……

（2018•江寺;卷）It'sstrangethatheshouldhavetakenthebookswithouttheowner'spermission.

六、will和would的用法

1.表示意志或意愿。will指现在，would指过去。

Ihavetoldhimagainandagaintostopsmoking,buthewillnotlisten.

2.表示习惯性的动作，意为“总是"，will指现在，would指过去。

（四川卷）1stillremembermyhappychildhoodwhenmymotherwouldtakemetoDisneylandatweekends.

3.表示征求意见或提出请求，多用于第二人称疑问句中。would比w川语气委婉。

Will/Wouldyoupleaseletmehavealookatyournewwatch?

七、need的用法

need表示必要性，常用于疑问句和否定句中，needn"表示“不必need作实义动词时，可用于肯定句、

否定句和疑问句中，有人称、数和时态的变化；其后可接名词、代词、带to的不定式或动名词作宾语。

（天津卷）Myroomisamess,butIneedn'tcleanitbeforeIgoouttonight.!candoitinthemorning.

Sinceyouknowitalready,wedon'tneedtokeepitasecret.

八、dare的用法

dare意为“敢，敢于"，没有人称、数和时态的变化，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，后接动词原形。

作实义动词时，在肯定句中通常接带to的不定式，在疑问句和否定句中，dare之后的不定式可省略。

Howdareyouleaveyourhomewithoutyourparents'permission?

MostpeoplehateHarrybuttheydon'tdaretosayso.

考点二情态动词+havedone

musthavedone一定做过某事（肯定句）

can/could过去不可能做过某事（否定句）

对过去的推

havedone过去可能做过某事吗？（疑问句）

测

may/might过去可能做过某事（肯定句）

havedone过去可能没有做过某事（否定句）

对过去情况couldhavedone本来能够做但却未做

的后悔、遗憾shouldhavedone本来应该做但是实际上未做

或责备shouldn'thavedone本来不应该做而实际上做了

needn'thavedone本来没必要做却做了

（2019-天津卷）Pauldidagreatjobinthespeechcontest.Hemusthavepractisedmanytimeslastweek.

（福建卷）一Sorry,Mum!Ifailedthejobinterviewagain.

一Oh,it'stoobad.Youshouldhavemadefullpreparations.

考点三if条件句中的虚拟语气

虚拟语气主句谓语动词从句谓语动词

虚拟现在should/would/could/might+do过去式（be用were）

should/would/could/might+have

虚拟过去had+过去分词

done

虚拟将来should/would/could/might+do过去式/weretodo/shoulddo

（2018•北京卷）Theymighthavefoundabetterhoteliftheyhaddrivenafewmorekilometers.

（北京卷）Wewouldbebackinthehotelnowifyoudidn'tlosethemap.

【名师点津】

（1）在if引导的虚拟条件状语从句中，谓语动词含有had,were,should时，可以把if省略，将had,were,should

提到句首，变成倒装句。

（江苏卷）Wereitnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.

（江苏卷）ItmighthavesavedmesometroublehadIknowntheschedule.

（2）如果主句和从句是对不同时间的事实的虚拟，则被称为错综虚拟语气。此时主句常有明显的时间状语，

并且动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。

（北京卷）MaybeifIhadstudiedscience,andnotliteraturethen,Iwouldbeabletogiveyoumorehelp.

考点四含蓄条件句的虚拟语气

有时假设的条件不通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是隐含在某些词或短语中，或隐含在上下文中，这

叫含蓄虚拟语气。常用的这类词或短语有without（要是）没有，butfor要不是，otherwise/or否则等。

（2019•天津卷）Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisetheywouldhaveaccomplishedthetaskinhalf

thetime.

（江苏卷）ManyofthethingswenowbenefitfromwouldnotbearoundbutforThomasEdison.

考点五虚拟语气在从句中的运用

一、虚拟语气在名词性从句中的运用

1.在表示要求、命令、建议、请求等动词后接宾语从句，以及这些动词的名词后接同位语或表语从句，谓

语动词用”（should+）动词原形,常见的此类动词：一坚持（insist）、二命令（order,command）、三要求（require,

demand,request)s四建议(suggest,advise,propose,recommend)o

(江苏卷)ShesuggestedthatDale(should)jointhedebatingteam,believingthatpracticeinspeakingcouldgive

himtheconfidenceandrecognitionthatheneeded.

Heinsistedthattheproblem(should)bediscussedatthemeeting.、

Mysuggestionwasthatnecessarymeasures(should)betakentoprotectthechildrenfromdangeroussituations.

【名师点津】

当suggest作“暗示，表明"，insist作“坚持认为”时，从句要用陈述语气。

Hissilencesuggestedthatheagreedwithmydecision.

Heinsistedthathehadn'tstolenthemoney.

2.在力tis/was+adj./done+that...”句型中，从句中的谓语动词用“(should+)动词原形常见的形容词或过去

分词有important,necessary,strange,suggested,ordered,advised,requested,demanded等。

Itisnecessarythatwe(should)cleantheroomeveryday.

Itisrequiredthatmiddleschoolstudents(should)takeatleastonehourexerciseeveryday.

3.wish后宾语从句中的虚拟语气：

情况从句谓语动词

与现在事实相反过去式（be动词一般用were）

与过去事实相反had+过去分词

与将来事实相反would/could/might+动词原形

(2018•江苏卷)Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishIhadasecondchancetobecomemoreinvolved.

IwishIhadtoldhimthewaytothesupermarket.

4.wouldrather所接的宾语从句中，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，表示对现在或将来的虚拟；从句谓语动词

用过去完成时，表示对过去的虚拟。

(陕西卷)Wewouldratherourdaughterstayedathomewithus,butitisherchoice,andsheisnotachildany

longer.

二、3个固定句式中的虚拟语气

句式现在虚拟过去虚拟将来虚拟

ifonly引导的条件句would/could/might+

过去式had+过去分词

及感叹句动词原形

asif/though引导的表

would/could/might+

语从句及方式状语从过去式had+过去分词

动词原形

句

Itis(high)timethat...过去式或should+动词原形

(2019-天津卷)Mary'sdescriptionofthepartywassovividthatIfeltasifIhadbeenthere.

Itishightimethatwetook/shouldtakesomemeasurestosolvetheproblem.

Lookatthetroublewearein.Ifonlywehadtakenourteacher'sadvice!

【名师点津】

当asif/though引导的句子所叙述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时，从句要用陈述语气。

当堂训练

I.高考真题诊断・单句语法填空

1.Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisetheywould(accomplish)thetaskinhalfthetime.

2.Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwewould(have)agoodtimetogether.

3.1(hope)tosendPeteragifttocongratulatehimonhismarriage,butIcouldn'tmanageit.

4.Dayslater,mybrothercalledtosayhewasallright,butwouldn'tsaywherehewas.

5.Gracedoesn'twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshethere,shewouldn'tbeabletosee

herparentsveryoften.

n.精选典题情态动词和虚拟语气专题对点训练•单句语法填空

6.Intoday'sinformationage,thelossofdatacauseseriousproblemsforacompany.

7.Ican'tfindmypurse.Imight(leave)itinthesupermarketyesterday,butI'mnotsure.

8.Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey(drive)afewmorekilometers.

9.Thereisagoodsociallifeinthevillage,andIwishI(have)asecondchancetobecomemore

involved.

10.Ifwe(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeachnow.

in.精选典题情态动词和虚拟语气专题对点训练•短文语法填空

TomandPeteraretwins.Theylookasifthey26.(be)thesameperson.Boththetwoboysare

smart,butTomishard-workingwhilePeterislazy.TomalwayswinsthefirstplaceintheexamswhilePeter

doesn^.However,peoplebelieveifPeter27.(work)ashardasTom,hewoulddoaswellashisbrotherin

hisstudy.

Athome,theirparentssuggestthatthey28.(finish)theirhomeworkbeforeplayingcomputer

games.ButPeterinsiststhatit29.(be)OKtoplaygamesfirstaslongashecanhandinhis

homeworkintime.Theirmothergivesinintheend.

Oneday,whendoinghishomework,Tomfoundhemadeaseriousmistake.Soheputhisexercisebookaside

andusedanotherone.WhenPeterfoundthepreviousexercisebook,hestruckoutTom'snameandsignedhisname

onitscoverhappily,andhandeditinashisownhomeworkthenextday.Whentheteachertoldthetruthtothetwins'

mother,shewasveryangryandshoutedatPeter,“HowIwishyou30.(be)asdiligentasyourbrother!

Nowit'stimethatI

31.(give)youagoodlesson.Andyou32.playanycomputergamesforamonth!”

“Oh,no!Mom,33.acomputerforsuchalongtime,Iwoulddie.Iwouldrather

you34.(ask)metodothedishesforamonthalone.nPeterwasupset.

“Ifyou35.(finish)yourhomeworkontimeyesterday,youwouldn'tbepunishednow,“saidthe

mother.

课后作业

1

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

KeystoaGoodFamilyLife

Inpostersandadsweoftenseepicturesofhappyfamilies,butfamilylifeisnotallsmilesandlaughter.All

familiesaredifferentandhaveproblems,butyoucanmakeyourfamilylifebetterwithhardworkand

determination.L

Spendtimetogetherasafamily.Somepeoplearetoobusyforfamilytime.Youhavetosetasidetimexueto

planandspendspecialtimestogether.2^Maketheconversationaroundkethetablepleasantandcaring;maybeask

eachpersonhowtheirdaywasorwhatishappeningwangintheirschoolorworklife.Doinghouseholdchores

togetheralsohelps.

3.Allowmembersofyourfamilytoexpresstheirownfeelingsandideas.Maintaineyecontactanddon't

interruptwhensomeoneistalking.Listencarefullytowhattheyaresaying,beforeyoujudgeordisagree.Hearing

someoneelse,andbeingheardbythatperson,isthefoundationofagoodrelationship.4.Trynottobeangryat

someone'sopinions.Evenifyouthinkthattheyarewrong,listenwithanopenmindtoshowthatyoucare-and

rememberthatnooneisperfect.

Meeteachother'sneeds.Givetimetoeachandeveryoneofyourfamilymembers.Knowwhatisgoingonin

theirlivesandwhattheyneedhelpwith.5.Iftheyneedhelpwithsomething,setasidetimetodoso.Tobeaware

ofyourfamilymembers'emotionalandphysicalneeds,youneedtocommunicate.

A.Listentotheirproblems.

B.Tryapplyingthefollowingsteps.

C.Alloweachpersontobeanindividual.

D.Sothesestepswillhelpyouallgetonwell.

E.Respectyourfamilymembers'feelingsandideas.

F.Everydayitshouldbeeatingatleastonemealtogether.

G.Eachfamilymemberhashisorherownopinionsorsuggestions.

2

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Haveyoueverhadtimesquestioningyourselfandfeelingdiscouraged?Ifyouansweryes,whatyou've

experiencedisnegativeself-talk.6.Yousaytoyourselfuntruethingslike,"I'mnotgoodenough.Fma

disappointment.^^Thesefalsebeliefsstopusinourtracks.So,howdoyoustopthenegativesei仔talk?

•L

Knowyou'respecial.Youare“OneofaKind"！Thereisnootherpersonthatthinksexactlylikeyou.When

youbegintosincerelybelievehowspecialyouare,it'seasiertofightthenegativesei住talk.

•Changeyourassociations

Yournegativeself^talkcomesfromyourenvironment.Youdidn'tjustaccidentallywakeuponedaythinking

ofbadthingsaboutyourself.Itmaybebecausesomeone,somewhereinyourlifehastoldyounegativethingsabout

youandwhetheryouacceptitornot,youbelievethem.However,ifyousurroundyourselfwiththerightpeople,

theywillbuildyouup,inspireyouandmakeyoufeelbetter.8..

•Changeyourdialogue

Readandsayallthewonderfulthingsaboutyourselfatleast5timesperday.Lookatyourselfinthemirror

andsay,“Iamamazing!”幺，andyou'llbelieveyouareawesomeprettysoon.

Ofcourse,thereareotherthingstostopnegativeself-talk.10.,butifyouaredeterminedtothinkpositivelyin

everysituation,thatwillbringapositivechangeinyourlife.

A.Thinkthesameway

B.Changeisnoteasy

C.Changeyourposition

D.Itbeginsinyourbrain

E.Changeyourstateofmind

F.YouUlseekouttherightpeopletohelpchangeyourthoughts

G.You'llstarttobelievethegreatthingstheytellyoulittlebylittle

3

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Communicationroadblocksareverycommon.Theyoccurwhentwopeopletalkinsuchawaythatneitherone

feelsunderstood.lLHowever,thereareseveralwaystohelpindividualsovercomeroadblocks.

Softenthestartup.Oneoftheskillstoovercomecommunicationroadblocksistobeginaconversationby

startingwithsomethingpositive,expressingappreciationandtakingresponsibilityfbrthoughtsandfeelings.12.For

example,"Iwanttostaymoreinvolvedinmakingdecisionsaboutmoney"ratherthan"Youneverincludemein

financialdecisions.H

Makeandreceiverepairattempts.Anotherimportantskillinovercomingcommunicationroadblocksis

learningtomakeandreceiverepairattempts.Theyareeffortstopreventanincreasinglynegativeinteractionfrom

goinganyfurther.13.Thisisimportantbecausewhenconflictsappear,weoftenexperiencestressthatcanaffectour

abilitytothinkandreason,whichcanleadtocommunicationroadblocks.Takingtimeawayfromtheconflictto

calmdowncanhelpusbemorepreparedtodiscusstheissue.

14.Overcomingcommunicationroadblocksrequireseachpartnertotaketurnsbeingthespeakerandthe

listenersothateachhasachancetoexpressthemselveseffectively.Thegoalisnottosolveaparticularproblem,

butrathertohaveasafeandmeaningfuldiscussionandtounderstandeachothefspointofview,whichmayleadto

moreeffectivecommunication.

Dealingwithcommunicationroadblockscantakelargeamountsofmental,emotional,andphysicalenergy.

Butlearningandusingafewsimpleskillscanincreasepositivecommunicationwithothers.15.

A.Useeffectivespeakingandlisteningskills.

B.Dealwithroadblocksincommunicatingwithpartners.

C.Sometimeswecantakeabreakormakeeffortstocalmthesituation.

D.Theyarenotgoodfbreffectivecommunicationandoftendeepentheconflicts.

E.Theopportunitiesforpersonalandrelationshipgrowtharewellworththeeffort.

F.Inaddition,startingthemessageinthefirstpersoncanpromotepositivecommunication.

GRecognizingroadblocksandtryingtocommunicateeffectivelyhelppositiveinteractions.

4

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Eatinghealthyisn'talwayseasy,butcommittingtoahealthydietcanbethesmartestdecisionyouever

make.Why?Notonlycaneatingwellmakeyoulookandfeelbetter,itcanalsosaveyoumoney.j_6.

Productivitycanbeincreased.Likeacar,yourbrainneedsqualityfueltorunefficiently.Asonewill

experienceincreasedfocusshortlyafterimprovingtheirdietwithnutritiousfoodsandsupplements,ahigher

workingproductivityisusuallytheoutcome.

Itbenefitsfinance.Ifyouremployerprovideshealthcoveragediscounts,countyourblessings!Youcansavea

considerableamountofmoneythroughthem.17.Bysimplyswitchingtoahealthierdietanddroppingafew

poundsbeforeyouapplycouldsignificantlyloweryourcosts.

18.Whatyoueathasanimpactonyourbrain,includingthepartsthatregulatemood.Maintainingstableblood

sugarthroughregular,propernutritionwillhelpyoufeelbetteroverallonmostdays.Foodsrichinvitaminsand

minerals,seedsandfreshvegetablesforinstance,areassociatedwithalowerriskofdepression,asarefoodsrichin

omega-3fats.

Youcancontrolyourweightbetter.MorethanhalfoftheAmericansareoverweightorobese,andobesity

contributesto1in5Americandeaths.Simplehealthychoicessuchasreplacingsodawithwater,choosing

vegetablesinsteadofchips,andorderingasidesaladinplaceofFrenchfrieswillnotonlyhelpyouloseweight,it

alsocanhelpyousavemoney.19.

Arelativelylongerlifeisexpected.Thesamediseasesthatmakeyoufeelbadandcostalotofmoneymay

alsodecreaseyourlifeexpectancy.Manystudiesshowahealthierdietrelativelyleadstoalongerlife.

Yourbodyisyourtempleandyouarehousedinit,sotreatitnicelytowholenutrientfoodsthataregoodforit.

20.

A.Abettermoodismadepossible.

B.Itwillpreventyoufromgettingsick.

C.Inreturnyourbodywillserveyoubetter.

D.Thereisnoreasonnottoeatahealthydiet.

E.Hereareseveraltopreasonstoturntoahealthierdiet.

F.Besides,lifeinsurancecostispartlybasedonhowhealthyyouare.

G.Anormal-weightpersoncansavesome$3,000peryearonhealthcare.

5

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Whenstressaffectsyoursleeponanightlybasis,itsetsyouupforaterribleinsomnia（失眠）thatforcesyou

toturntosleepingpills.21.

XTarget（把…作为目标）theenemy

“Everynightacoupleofhoursbeforebed,sitdownandmakealistofalltheproblemsyouhavetodealwith,^^

saysDonnaArand,directorofKetteringHospitalSleepDisordersCenter."Nexttoeachitem,writeasolutionor

plan.^^22.Thatway,ifthoughtsofyourproblemsariseasyou'retryingtosleep,youcantellyourself,"I'vegota

planandI'llworkonittomorrow.44

Balanceyourworkandactivities

23.Butajointstudyof314workersfoundthatworkerswithhigherlevelsofenjoyableactivitiessuchas

exercise,hobbies,andsocialactivities,wereablenotonlytocomebackfromworkplacestressbetterthantheir

always-on-the-jobcoworkersbutalsosleepmuchbetterthanothers.

XDealwithless

Fourofthetoptenstressorsweexperiencearerelatedtomoney.24.Andhowshouldwespendit?Giventhat,

doesn'titmakesensethatifwewantlessandaresatisfiedwithless-smallerhouses,andsimplerformsof

transportation-ourstresslevelswillgodown?

XGiveanodtoanap（打盹）

It'sdoublyunfortunatethatstressmakesithardtogettosleepbecause,chemicallyspeaking,theantidote（对

抗手段）tostressissleep.Thereisawaytodealwithit.25.Ifstruethatonenapofupto90minutesbetweenthe

hoursof1:00and4:00P.M.duringtheday,willmakepeopleenergeticagain.

A.That'sbytakinganap.

B.Here'showtostepbackfromthatstate.

C.Nowthereissomeadviceonhowtokeepenergetic.

D.Whenyou4rereadyforbed,putthelistbythebedroomdoor.

E.Itwasreportedrecentlythaton-the-jobstresshasreachedtheworstlevels.

F.Howcanwegetit?

G.Doesstressalwaysinteiruptyou?

6

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.Infact,thekeyto

easymorningwake-upliesinresettingyourbodyclock.26.Here,showtomakeone.

•27.Inordertomakeachange,youneedtodecidewhyit'simportant.Doyouwanttogetupintimetohave

breakfastwithyourfamily,getinsomeexercise,orjustbebetterpreparedforyourday?Onceyouareclearabout

yourreasons,tellyourfamilyorroommatesaboutthechangeyouwanttomake.

•Rethinkmornings.Nowthatyouknowwhyyouwanttowakeup,considerre-arrangingyourmorning

activities.Ifyouwanttimetohavebreakfastwithyourfamily,savesometimethenightbeforebysettingout

clothes,shoes,andbags.28.That'saquarter-hourmoreyoucouldbesleepingifyouboughtacoffeemakerwitha

timer.

•Keepyoursleep/wakescheduleonweekends.Ifyou'retiredoutbyFridaynight,sleepinginonSaturday

couldsoundwonderful.Butcompensating(补偿)ontheweekendsactuallyfeedsintoyoursleepinessthefollowing

week,arecentstudyfound.29.

•Keeparecordandevaluateitweekly.Keeptrackofyoureffortsandwritedownhowyoufeel.Afteryou've

triedanewmethodforaweek,takealookatyourrecord.30.Ifnot,takeanotherlookatothermethodsyoucould

try-

A.Getasleepspecialist.

B.Findthenightmotivation.

C.Abetterplanforsleepcanhelp.

D.Andconsidersettingasecondalarm.

E.Ifthestepsyoutakeareworking,keepitup.

F.Sticktoyoursetbedtimeandwake-uptime,nomattertheday.

G.Reconsiderthe15minutesyouspendinlineatthecafetogetcoffee.

【答案详解】

当堂训练

1.答案：haveaccomplished解析句意:工人们没有被更好的组织起来，否则他们用一半的时间就能完

成任务了。根据空前的“Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized”可知，这是对过去情况的含蓄的虚拟。表示与

过去事实相反的假设，其句子结构相当于：从句：lf+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would.

could,might)十现在完成时+其他，设空前己有would,故填haveaccomplished。

2.答案：havehad解析句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时

光的。根据语境可知该句是对过去事实的虚拟，表与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语

十过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would,could,might)+现在完成时+其他，设空前已有would,故

填havehado

3.答案：hadhoped解析：根据but后的“couldn'tmanageit”可知，此处表过去本想做某事而没做成，应

用过去完成时，填hadhoped«intend,mean、hope^want、plan、think等动词的过去完成时，可表示过去

未曾实现的愿望或想法等。

4.答案：would解析：情态动词表示意志或意愿。will指现在，would指过去。句意：几天后，我哥

哥打电话说他一切都好，但不愿意说他在哪儿。

5.答案：weretolive解析：考察if条件句中的虚拟语气，对于将来的虚拟用动词过

去式/weretodo/shoulddo,此处用were+to+动词原形。句意:格蕾丝不想搬到纽约，因为她认为如果住在

那里，她就不能经常看到她的父母了。

6.答案：can解析：句意为“在当今信息时代，丢失数据有可能给公司带来严重的问题”。can表客观

可能性“有时可能”。

7.答案：haveleft解析根据句中时间状语yesterday可知，该处是对过去事实的假设，应用“情态动词

+havedone”,设空前已有might,故填haveleft。

8.答案：haddriven解析：句意为“如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆”。

由主句谓语“mighthavefound”可知，if从句是对过去事实的假设，从句谓语用过去完成时，故填haddriven。

9.答案：had解析：句意为“在这个村里有很好的社交生活，我希望我能再有机会去更多地参与"。wish

后为宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时，故填had。

10.答案：hadcaught解析句意为“如果我们昨天赶上了航班，现在我们就应该在沙滩上享受假期了”。

根据句中的yesterday和wouldbeenjoying可知，从句是对过去事实的假设，应用过去完成时，填hadcaught«

【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。汤姆和彼得是双胞胎兄弟，他们虽然长得很像但在学习态度上却迥然不同。

26.答案：were解析：此处应用虚拟语气，主句谓语动词look与asif从句谓语动词be没有先后顺序,

故设空处用were.

27.答案：worked解析：句意：人们认为如果彼得像汤姆那样努力学习，在学习上他会和汤姆一样好。

根据句意可知if从句为表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，故答案为worked.

28.答案：(should)finish解析：suggest作“建议”讲，后面宾语从句的谓语动词需用“should+动词原形”,

其中should可以省略。

29.答案：is解析：本句中的insist意为“坚持认为”，故用陈述语气。当insist作“坚决要求”讲时才用

虚拟语气，即其宾语从句的谓语动词为“should+动词原形"，sh