湖南省郴州市2023-2024学年四年级上学期1月期末数学试题

天一大联考2023—2024学年高中毕业班阶段性测试（四）英语考生注意：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Acupboard.B.Aclub.C.Atheft.2.Whendidthefilmstart?A.At2:15pm.B.At2:30pm.C.At2:45pm.3.WhatwillthespeakersbuyforGeorge’sbirthday?A.Apet.B.Abook.C.Acake.4.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthewoman?A.Shealsoleftthegameearly.B.Shemissedthewholegame.C.Sheiscuriousabouttheresult.更多课件教案等优质滋元可家威杏MXSJ6635.Wheredoestheconversationprobablylakeplace?A.Inagym,B.Onamountain.C.Athome.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答吋间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’sthewealherprobablyliketoday?ASunny.B.Cloudy.C.Rainy.7.Whatdothespeakersagreewithabouttakingatrain?A.Itissafer.B.Itisfaster.C.Itischeaper.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnThursday.B.Ontheweekend.C.OnFriday.9.Whatdoesthemando?A.Hecleanshouses.B.Hedoespaperwork.C.Hesellshouses.10.Whatwillthewomando?A.SellherhouseinSpringfield.B.Recommendthemantoherfriend.C.Gototheman’sofficetomorrow.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthepartyfor?A.Apromotion.B.Anewhouse.C.Ananniversary.12.Howmanypeoplewillbeinvited?A.About50.B.About115.C.About150.13.Whatdoesthemanhopetodo?A.Movetothenewhouse.B.VisithisfriendsonSaturday.C.Spendenoughtimewithhisfamily.听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。14.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Studyingforanexam.B.Acomputergamethemanisplaying.C.Aclasspresentationthey’repreparing.15.Whatisthemandoingwhenthewomanenters?A.He’swritinghisreport,B.He’stakinganonlinebiologytest.C.He’stakingabreakfromstudying.16.Howdoesthemanfeelwhenthewomanwantstojoinhim?A.Excited.B.Surprised.C.Disappointed.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whoisthelaboratoryinstructor?A.Dr.Smith.B.Dr.James.C.Dr.Hayes.18.Inwhatconditionwillone’snamebemovedaway?A.Ifheislatetwice.B.Ifhemissesthreeclasses.C.Ifhebreaksthemicroscope.19.Whatisforbiddeninthelaboratory?A.Drinking.B.Wearinglargeclothes.C.Touchingthetabletop.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Coursesthestudentsshouldcomplete.B.Instructionsthestudentsshouldfollow.C.Experimentsthestudentsshoulddo.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ALondonCycleHireSchemeRentingabikeisnotonlyoneofthemostpleasantwaystotravelaroundthebackstreetsofLondon,it’salsooneofthecheapest.Approximately12,000bikesareavailabletorent24hoursaday,allyearround.Youcanhireabikefromanyofthe800dockingstationsandreturnitanywhereonthenetwork.Thethree-speedbikesareprettystrong.Theycomewithabell,afrontbasketandachainguard.Thefrontandbacklightscomeonwhenyoustartpedallingandtheseatheightiseasilyadjustable.Howmuchdoesitcost?Unfortunately,thefreeunder-30-mimite-ridedealwascanceledinSeptember2022.•£1.65per30minutesHowtohireabike?Therearetwowaystohireabike—ataclockingstationterminalorviaanapp(theeasierway).Atadockingstation•Touchthescreenandinsertacreditordebitcard.Themachinewillprintareceiptwithareleasecode.•Enterthereleasecode.Waituntilthegreenlightflashes,pulloutyourbikeandgo.ViatheSantandercyclehireappSmartphoneuserscannowuseaniOSorAndroidapptohireandpayforahike.However,usingtheappdoesnotreserveabike.Youstillonlyhave10minutestousethereleasecode,somakesureyou’renearthedockingstationwhenyouuseit.Pleasenote:Youhavetobe18orovertopayforabikeYoualsoneedacreditordebitcard—cashisnotaccepted.1.Howmuchshouldyoupayforrentingabikefor2hours?A.£1.65. B.£3.3. C.£4.95. D.£6.6.2.Whatshouldyoupayattentiontowhenrentingabikeviaanapp?A.Providingyourpersonalinformation. B.Takingenoughcash.C.Mindingthetimelimit. D.Makingareservation.3.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Bikerentalservice. B.Adockingstation. C.TravelinginLondon. D.Abikehiringapp.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦自行车租赁计划，包括费用、租用方式以及一些注意事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Howmuchdoesitcost?”部分中的“•£1.65per30minutes(每30分钟1.65英镑)”可知，租一辆自行车两小时的费用为：1.65*4=6.6英镑。故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“ViatheSantandercyclehireapp”部分中的“However,usingtheappdoesnotreserveabike.Youstillonlyhave10minutestousethereleasecode,somakesureyou’renearthedockingstationwhenyouuseit.(然而，使用该应用程序并不能预订自行车。你只有10分钟的时间来使用释放码，所以在使用它的时候，请确保你在坞站附近。)”可知，当我们通过app租赁自行车时需要注意时间限制，只有十分钟来使用代码。故选C。【3题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“RentingabikeisnotonlyoneofthemostpleasantwaystotravelaroundthebackstreetsofLondon,it’salsooneofthecheapest.Approximately12,000bikesareavailabletorent24hoursaday,allyearround.Youcanhireabikefromanyofthe800dockingstationsandreturnitanywhereonthenetwork.(租一辆自行车不仅是游览伦敦后街最愉快的方式之一，也是最便宜的方式之一。大约有12000辆自行车全年24小时可供租用。你可以从800个停靠站中的任何一个租用一辆自行车，然后在网络上的任何地方还车。)”以及文章标题“LondonCycleHireScheme(伦敦自行车租赁计划)”可知，文章主要介绍了伦敦的自行车租赁服务。故选A。BWe’veseensuchscenesoften:Needyfamiliesliningupforabagofdailynecessities—dryfoodstuff,cookingessentials,basictoiletries(化妆品).ButFooSayThye,56-year-oldco-founderoflocalvolunteergroupHeartwarmers,observedonecommonoccurrenceatthesedonationdrives:Wheneverbeneficiaries(受益者)receivethebags,mostwouldseemshyandunwillingtotalkandwouldleavethevenuealmostimmediately.Mkrealizedthatitisimportantnotjusttomeetthephysicalneedsofbeneficiaries,butalsoconsidertheirmentalandemotionalstateaswell.FooSayThyesaidthathewantedtotakesuchgoodiebagdistributionastepfurther.That’swhythegroupcameupwithProject100=50.“Whenwegivebagsofgroceriestofamilies,thesearedefault(默认)itemsdonatedbytheorganizers.Project100=50allowsparticipantstochoosewhatevertheyneedandwhattheyactuallywant,”saysSayThye.Project100=50isacommunityserviceeventthatsupportslow-tomiddle-incomefamiliesbycreatinga“minisupermarket”wherebeneficiariescanchoosetobuywhattheyneedathighlydiscountedprices.ItpartnerswithlocalsupermarketgroupShengSiong,whichsuppliesthesegroceriestoHeartwarmersataspecialrate.Discountsareeithercapped(限额收取)at50%ifbeneficiariesspend$100orlessorat$50iftheyspendmorethan§100.SayThyeexplains,“Providingthemwithachoiceonwhattogetatreducedpricesraisestheirself-esteemandself-confidence.Italsopromotesself-helpwhenbeneficiariescanstarttopayfortheirownnecessities.”Everymonth,differentGroupRepresentationConstituencies(GRCs)selectlow-tomiddle-incomefamilieswhodon’tqualifyforfinancialassistancefromtheGovernmentoragenciestoattendProject100=50events.DifferentGRCsusedifferentcriteriatochoosethebeneficiaries.VolunteerTanJunAn,21,saysthatthese‘‘sandwiched”familiesarestuckinbetweencategories.“Likemyownfamily,wearestuckinbetween.You’reneitherrichnorpoor,”hesays.“Becauseyoudon’tfallinanyothergroup,youcannotreceiveanybenefits.So,thisprojecthelpsthe‘sandwiched’”.4.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.Toleadinthetopic. B.Tostatetheauthor’sopinion.C.Toanalyzeaphenomenon. D.Tosharetheauthor’sroutine.5.WhywasProject100=50started?A.Tomakegroceriesaffordable. B.Toofferfinancialassistance.C.Tocompetewithsupermarkets. D.Toprovideemotionalsupport.6.WhichcanbestdescribeProject100=50probably?A.Professional. B.Meaningful. C.Profitable. D.Convincing.7.Whichwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheChallengesFacedbyNeedyFamiliesB.ANewWaytoHelpNeedyFamiliesC.TheImportanceofSelf-HelpforBeneficiariesD.GovernmentAssistanceFailingNeedyFamilies【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了100=50计划帮助了需要帮助的人，并详细介绍了该计划的原因、运行方式和意义。【4题详解】推理判断题。由文章第一段中“We’veseensuchscenesoften:Needyfamiliesliningupforabagofdailynecessities—dryfoodstuff,cookingessentials,basictoiletries(化妆品).ButFooSayThye,56-year-oldco-founderoflocalvolunteergroupHeartwarmers,observedonecommonoccurrenceatthesedonationdrives:Wheneverbeneficiaries(受益者)receivethebags,mostwouldseemshyandunwillingtotalkandwouldleavethevenuealmostimmediately.(我们经常看到这样的场景:贫困的家庭排队领取一袋日常必需品——干粮、烹饪必需品、基本的洗漱用品。但当地志愿者组织Heartwarmmers的联合创始人、56岁的FooSayThye注意到，在这些捐赠活动中有一个普遍现象:每当受助者收到袋子时，大多数人看起来都很害羞，不愿意说话，几乎会立即离开现场。)”可知，第一段的作用是引入本文的话题，即100=50计划。故选A。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“Mkrealizedthatitisimportantnotjusttomeetthephysicalneedsofbeneficiaries,butalsoconsidertheirmentalandemotionalstateaswell.FooSayThyesaidthathewantedtotakesuchgoodiebagdistributionastepfurther.That’swhythegroupcameupwithProject100=50.(Mk意识到，重要的是不仅要满足受益人的物质需求，还要考虑他们的精神和情感状态。FooSayThye说，他想把这种派发礼袋的方式更进一步。这就是该小组提出100=50计划的原因。)”可知，启动100=50项目是为了给被救助者提供情感支持。故选D。【6题详解】推理判断题。由文章第二段“Mkrealizedthatitisimportantnotjusttomeetthephysicalneedsofbeneficiaries,butalsoconsidertheirmentalandemotionalstateaswell.FooSayThyesaidthathewantedtotakesuchgoodiebagdistributionastepfurther.That’swhythegroupcameupwithProject100=50.(Mk意识到，重要的是不仅要满足受益人的物质需求，还要考虑他们的精神和情感状态。FooSayThye说，他想把这种派发礼袋的方式更进一步。这就是该小组提出100=50计划的原因。)”和最后一段中“Becauseyoudon’tfallinanyothergroup,youcannotreceiveanybenefits.So,thisprojecthelpsthe‘sandwiched’.(因为你不属于任何其他群体，所以你不能得到任何好处。所以，这个项目帮助了那些被夹在中间的人。)”可知，这个项目帮助了那些被夹在中间的人，故很有意义。故选B。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第二段中“Mkrealizedthatitisimportantnotjusttomeetthephysicalneedsofbeneficiaries,butalsoconsidertheirmentalandemotionalstateaswell.FooSayThyesaidthathewantedtotakesuchgoodiebagdistributionastepfurther.That’swhythegroupcameupwithProject100=50.(Mk意识到，重要的是不仅要满足受益人的物质需求，还要考虑他们的精神和情感状态。FooSayThye说，他想把这种派发礼袋的方式更进一步。这就是该小组提出100=50计划的原因。)”可知，文章主要介绍了100=50计划帮助了需要帮助的人。故选B。CTraditionalChineseculturefeaturednoticeablyintheopeningandclosingceremoniesoftheHangzhouAsianGames.Whiletheystressedthesolarterms,thehe-heculture,meaningharmonyandcooperation,wasacommonthreadthatranthroughthem.Eachofthe24solartermscoincideswith(与……一致)eventsinthenaturalworld.Thetermswereputforwardmorethan2,000yearsagotoguidenotonlyagriculturalactivities,butalsocustomsconcerningfood,dressingandsociallife.Nowadays,althoughChinesepeoplerefertomoremodernsystemsindailylife,exceptforintheagriculturalarea,theymaintainastrongemotionalandculturalbondwiththesolartermsasremindersofthewit(才智),creativityanddiligence(勤奋)oftheirancestors.“IpreviouslyhadnoconnectiontoHangzhou,butnow,aftertheclosingceremony,IthinkIshareaspecialbondwiththiscity,saidWanLi,a22-year-oldcollegestudentatFujianNormalUniversity.“Watchingtheceremonywasalsoawonderfulchanceformetolearnaboutthehe-heculture,inwhichIwasuninterestedbefore.”KongXianglong,aresearchassistantwhoworkedinHangzhouonanAsianGamesresearchprogramandwatchedtheceremonies,expressedhisadmirationfortheshowaswellastheAsianGamesvolunteers,whohesaidwerewalkingexamplesofthehe-heculture.“Thedanceperformanceswereabsolutelyattractive,aperfectdisplayofthehe-heideaandahighlightoftheAsianGames,”KongtoldBeijingReview.“Theconsiderateservicethevolunteersprovidedeverydayactuallyinvitedpeopletolearnaboutthehe-heculture,whichmovedmealot.”PakistanicricketerMuhammadsaidhebelievesthattheopeningandclosingceremoniesplayedanimportantroleinbringingpeoplefromdifferentcountriestogether.“Isawalotofdifferentcountries’athletescomingtogether,sharingtheirculturesandperforming.Iseeahugesuccess,”hetoldXinhuaNewsAgency.8.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthesolarterms?A.Theythoroughlyguidemodernlife. B.Theybelongtothepast.C.Theylendtobeignored. D.Theyapplytofarming.9.HowdidtheclosingceremonyaffectWanLi?A.ItstimulatedherpassionforChineseculture.B.Itstrengthenedherbondwiththeworld.C.ItdeepenedherunderstandingoftheGames.D.Itrestoredherconfidenceintheathletes.10.WhatroledoesMuhammadthinktheceremoniesplay?A.Theybridgeculturaldifferences. B.TheyshowChinesephilosophy.C.Theyensureathletes’betterperformances. D.TheydemonstratethepowerofChina.11.Wheremaythetextbetakenfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Anewsreport. C.Sciencefiction. D.Atextbook.【答案】8.D9.A10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了杭州亚运会开幕式和闭幕式中体现了中国传统文化特色，和谐与合作的文化是贯穿其中的一条共同主线。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Thetermswereputforwardmorethan2,000yearsagotoguidenotonlyagriculturalactivities,butalsocustomsconcerningfood,dressingandsociallife.Nowadays,althoughChinesepeoplerefertomoremodernsystemsindailylife,exceptforintheagriculturalarea,theymaintainastrongemotionalandculturalbondwiththesolartermsasremindersofthewit(才智),creativityanddiligence(勤奋)oftheirancestors.(早在2000多年前，人们就提出了节气，它不仅指导农业活动，还指导有关饮食、着装和社会生活的习俗。如今，尽管中国人在日常生活中使用更现代的制度，但除了在农业领域，他们与节气保持着强烈的情感和文化联系，以提醒他们祖先的智慧、创造力和勤奋)”可知，节气用于农业。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Watchingtheceremonywasalsoawonderfulchanceformetolearnaboutthehe-heculture,inwhichIwasuninterestedbefore.(观看闭幕式对我来说也是一个了解他文化的好机会，我以前对他文化不感兴趣)”可知，观看闭幕式激发了万丽对文化的热情。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“PakistanicricketerMuhammadsaidhebelievesthattheopeningandclosingceremoniesplayedanimportantroleinbringingpeoplefromdifferentcountriestogether.“Isawalotofdifferentcountries’athletescomingtogether,sharingtheirculturesandperforming.Iseeahugesuccess,”hetoldXinhuaNewsAgency.(巴基斯坦板球运动员穆罕默德说，他认为开幕式和闭幕式在将不同国家的人们聚集在一起方面发挥了重要作用。“我看到很多不同国家的运动员聚集在一起，分享他们的文化和表演。我看到了巨大的成功，”他告诉新华社)”可知，穆罕穆德认为开幕式和闭幕式在将不同国家的人们聚集在一起，分享他们的文化和表演。由此推知，穆罕穆德认为开幕式和闭幕式弥合了人们之间的文化差异。故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“TraditionalChineseculturefeaturednoticeablyintheopeningandclosingceremoniesoftheHangzhouAsianGames.Whiletheystressedthesolarterms,thehe-heculture,meaningharmonyandcooperation,wasacommonthreadthatranthroughthem.(中国传统文化在杭州亚运会的开闭幕式上表现得尤为突出。虽然它们强调节气，但和谐与合作的文化是贯穿其中的一条共同主线)”以及文章中对几个人的采访可推知，这篇文章也许来自一篇新闻报道。故选B。DWhenfooditemsarespecificallylabeledasvegan(素食)—indicatingtheyarepreparedwithnoanimalproducts,includingeggsorbutter—peoplearelesslikelytoselectthem,eventhoughitisbetterfortheplanetandfortheirhealth,accordingtoarecentexperiment.Growingandtransportingfoodaccountsforaquarterofallglobalgreenhousegasemissions,whichareacceleratingtheclimatecrisis.Ofthese,thevastmajoritycomefromprocesseslinkedtomealanddairyproduction,whichiswhyexpertsareadvisingsocietiestoshifttowardmoreplant-basedeating.“WehavetomakebigchangestohowweproduceandconsumefoodifwewanttoreachclimategoalsandfeedEarth’sever-growingpopulation,”saysRichardWaite,anexpertonfoodclimatepolicy.ButthestudyatMITindicatesthismayprovechallenging.Researchersaskedsome150peopleattendingseveraluniversityeventstochoosetheirlunchbetweentwooptions,oneofthemvegan.Choicesincludedvegetablevs.cheeseravioli(奶酪馄饨)andavegetablepotatowrapvs.aGreeksaladwithfeta(羊乳酪).Asimilarstudyofmealpreferenceswasalsoconductedonline.Halftherespondentsinbothstudiesrandomlyreceivedanorderforminwhichtheveganitemwaslabeled.Whenthisveganterminology(术语)wasused,peoplewerelesslikelytoorderthedishthanwhenitwasnot.Forthein-personattendees,sometwo-thirdsmoreavoidedthedish.Aftertheresearchwaspublished,somepeopletoldthestudy’sleadauthor,AlexBerke,adoctoralstudentatMIT’sMediaLab,theresultswereunexpected.Butsheanticipatedtheoutcome.Berkeherselfbeganeatingvegetariandiet—aplant-basedonethatincludesdairyandeggs—atage10andadoptedavegandietthreeyearsagotohelptheclimate.“Anyonewhohasbeeneatingveganforawhilewouldnothesurprisedatthefindings,”saysBerke.“Becausethereisastrongbiasamongpeoplewhenitcomestovegetariandiet.”Environmentalistsarecleartheyarenoturgingeveryonetobecomevegetarians,but,ifpossible,toincludemoreplant-basedmeals.“Ifyoushiftathirdofyourbeefconsumptiontobeansandsoy,youreducetheclimateimpactofyourdietbyabout15percent,oneenvironmentalistsays.12.Whatdoestherecentexperimentfind?A.Peoplemakefoodchoicesrandomly. B.Vegan-labeledfoodsarelesspopular.C.Peopletendtoavoidmealproducts. D.Foodchoiceshaveahugeimpactonclimate.13.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?A.Noonechosethefoodlabeledvegan.B.Thestudywasconductedonline.C.150universitystudentstookpartinthestudy.D.Berkethoughtthefindingswereunderstandable.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“bias”inparagraph4mean?A.Similarity. B.Desire. C.Prejudice. D.Influence.15.Whatdoenvironmentalistssuggestpeopledo?A.Avoidplant-basedmeals. B.Becomevegetarianstotally.C.Reducemeatconsumption. D.Abandonmealproducts.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究发现，根据最近的一项实验，当食品被特别标记为纯素时，人们不太可能选择它们，尽管这对地球和他们的健康都更好。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whenfooditemsarespecificallylabeledasvegan(素食)—indicatingtheyarepreparedwithnoanimalproducts,includingeggsorbutter—peoplearelesslikelytoselectthem,eventhoughitisbetterfortheplanetandfortheirhealth,accordingtoarecentexperiment.(根据最近的一项实验，当食品被特别标记为纯素(表明它们不含动物产品，包括鸡蛋或黄油)时，人们不太可能选择它们，尽管这对地球和他们的健康都更好。)”可知，最近的实验表明如果食品被特别标记为纯素时，人们不太可能会选择它们。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Aftertheresearchwaspublished,somepeopletoldthestudy’sleadauthor,AlexBerke,adoctoralstudentatMIT’sMediaLab,theresultswereunexpected.Butsheanticipatedtheoutcome.Berkeherselfbeganeatingvegetariandiet—aplant-basedonethatincludesdairyandeggs—atage10andadoptedavegandietthreeyearsagotohelptheclimate.“Anyonewhohasbeeneatingveganforawhilewouldnothesurprisedatthefindings,”saysBerke.“Becausethereisastrongbiasamongpeoplewhenitcomestovegetariandiet.”(这项研究发表后，一些人告诉该研究的主要作者、麻省理工学院媒体实验室的博士生AlexBerke，结果出乎意料。但她预料到了结果。Berke自己从10岁开始吃素——一种以植物为基础的饮食，包括乳制品和鸡蛋——三年前开始吃素，以帮助改善气候。Berke说：“任何吃素食一段时间的人都不会对这些发现感到惊讶。因为人们对素食有强烈的偏见。”)”可知，Berke博士已经预料到了实验结果，并且认为作为一名素食者，她表示可以理解。故选D。【14题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词上一句“Anyonewhohasbeeneatingveganforawhilewouldnothesurprisedatthefindings(任何吃素食一段时间的人都不会对这些发现感到惊讶)”以及上文提到的实验结果“Whenthisveganterminology(术语)wasused,peoplewerelesslikelytoorderthedishthanwhenitwasnot.(当使用这个素食术语时，人们点这道菜的可能性比不使用的时候要小。)”可知，人们对于素食内心排斥，也就是有偏见。选项A“Similarity(相似)”；选项B“Desire(渴望)”；选项C“Prejudice(偏见)”；选项D“Influence(影响)”。故选C。【15题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Environmentalistsarecleartheyarenoturgingeveryonetobecomevegetarians,but,ifpossible,toincludemoreplant-basedmeals.“Ifyoushiftathirdofyourbeefconsumptiontobeansandsoy,youreducetheclimateimpactofyourdietbyabout15percent,oneenvironmentalistsays.(环保主义者很清楚，他们并不是在敦促每个人都成为素食主义者，而是，如果可能的话，包括更多的植物性食物。“如果你将三分之一的牛肉消费转向豆类和大豆，你的饮食对气候的影响就会减少约15%，”一位环保主义者说。)”可知，环保主义者建议人们可以减少肉类的消费。故选C。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Wanttofeelbetter,havemoreenergyandevenaddyearstoyourlife?Justexercise.Thehealthbenefitsofregularexerciseandphysicalactivityarehardtoignore.____16____Checkoutbelowhowexercisecanleadtoahappierandhealthieryou.Exercisecontrolsweight.Exercisecanhelppreventexcess(过多的)weightgainorhelpmaintainweightloss.Whenyouengageinphysicalactivity,youburncalories.Themoreintensetheactivityis,themorecaloriesyouburn.Regulartripstothegymaregreat,butdon’tworryifyoucan’tfindenoughtimetoexerciseeveryday.____17____Togainthebenefitsofexercise,justgetmoreactivethroughoutyourday—takethestairsinsteadoftheliftordoyourhouseholdchores.Consistencyiskey.Exerciseimprovesmood.____18____Orneedtorelaxafterastressfulday?Agymsessionorbriskwalkcanhelp.Physicalactivitystimulatesvariousbrainchemicalsthatmayleaveyoufeelinghappier,morerelaxedandlessanxious.Youmayalsofeelbetteraboutyourappearanceandyourselfwhenyouexerciseregularly,whichcanboostyourconfidenceandimproveyourself-esteem.Exerciseboostsenergy.Tiredoutbygroceryshoppingorhouseholdchores?____19____Exercisedeliversoxygenandnutrientstoyourtissuesandhelpsyourcardiovascular(心血管的)systemworkmoreefficiently.Andwhenyourheartandlunghealthimproves,youhavemoreenergytotackledailychores.Exercisecanbefunandsocial.Exerciseundphysicalactivitycanbeenjoyable.Theygiveyouachancetorelax,enjoytheoutdoorsorsimplyengageinactivitiesthatmakeyouhappy.Physicalactivitycanalsohelpyouconnectwithfamilyorfriendsinafunsocialsetting.____20____Findaphysicalactivityyouenjoy,andjustdoit.A.Needanemotionallift?B.Needtobemoreconvincedtogetmoving?C.Anyamountofactivityisbetterthannoneatall.D.Trysomethingnew,ordosomethingwithconfidence.E.Sotakeadanceclass,hitthehikingtrailsorjoinasoccerteam.FRegularphysicalactivitycanimproveyourmusclestrengthandboostyourtolerance.G.Exerciseandphysicalactivityaregreatwaystomakeyoufeelhealthierandhaveabettershape.【答案】16.B17.C18.A19.F20.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了经常锻炼和从事体育活动的好处。【16题详解】根据空后的“Checkoutbelowhowexercisecanleadtoahappierandhealthieryou.(看看下面的运动是如何让你更快乐、更健康的。)”可知，下文开始分析运动是如何让人们更快乐、更健康的。选项B“Needtobemoreconvincedtogetmoving?(需要被说服才能行动起来？)”采用提问的方式引出下文内容，指的是需要了解具体的好处才能让你开始运动吗？然后展开对运动带来的好处的介绍。故选B。【17题详解】根据空后的“Togainthebenefitsofexercise,justgetmoreactivethroughoutyourday—takethestairsinsteadoftheliftordoyourhouseholdchores.Consistencyiskey.(为了获得锻炼的好处，只要在一天中多活动一下——爬楼梯而不是坐电梯，或者做家务。坚持是关键。)”可知，下文讲述的是每天多活动一下也是可以的。选项C“Anyamountofactivityisbetterthannoneatall.(任何程度的活动都比不活动好。)”与下文内容一致，指的是不管活动多少都比不活动好。故选C。【18题详解】根据下文的“Orneedtorelaxafterastressfulday?(或者在紧张的一天后需要放松一下？)”可推断，空处与本句一致，为疑问句。再根据下文的“Agymsessionorbriskwalkcanhelp.Physicalactivitystimulatesvariousbrainchemicalsthatmayleaveyoufeelinghappier,morerelaxedandlessanxious.Youmayalsofeelbetteraboutyourappearanceandyourselfwhenyouexerciseregularly,whichcanboostyourconfidenceandimproveyourself-esteem.(健身或快走会有所帮助。体育活动会刺激大脑中的各种化学物质，让你感觉更快乐、更放松、更少焦虑。当你经常锻炼时，你也会对自己的外表和自我感觉更好，这可以增强你的信心，提高你的自尊。)”可知本段主要讲述的是运动对于人情绪上的帮助。选项A“Needanemotionallift?(需要情绪提升？)”引出下文内容，指出运动对于情绪上的好处。故选A。【19题详解】根据下文的“Exercisedeliversoxygenandnutrientstoyourtissuesandhelpsyourcardiovascular(心血管的)systemworkmoreefficiently.Andwhenyourheartandlunghealthimproves,youhavemoreenergytotackledailychores.(运动为你的身体组织输送氧气和营养，帮助你的心血管系统更有效地工作。当你的心脏和肺部健康状况改善时，你就有更多的精力来处理日常琐事。)”可知，运动可以使身体更好。选项F“Regularphysicalactivitycanimproveyourmusclestrengthandboostyourtolerance.(规律的体育锻炼可以增强你的肌肉力量，增强你的耐受力。)”与下文内容一致，指的是运动可以增强能量，使身体更好，从而有更多的精力来处理日常琐事。故选F。【20题详解】根据空前的“Physicalactivitycanalsohelpyouconnectwithfamilyorfriendsinafunsocialsetting.(体育活动还可以帮助你在一个有趣的社交环境中与家人或朋友联系。)”可知，作者认为体育活动可以帮助我们有一个与人交流的社交环境。选项E“Sotakeadanceclass,hitthehikingtrailsorjoinasoccerteam.(所以，去上舞蹈班，去徒步旅行，或者加入足球队。)”延续上文内容，建议我们可以去上舞蹈班、徒步旅行或加入足球队，这样我们可以有一个社交环境从而与人交流。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下而短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ThefirstlimeIinterviewedHilton,hertonewasflat,reflectingherforcedacceptanceofhersituation.Hiltonhasnowspentmorethanadecade____21____theside-effectsofaspinal(脊柱的)disease,whichleavesherinconstantpain.A(n)____22____hasyettohefound.Asaresult,shehas____23____herentirelifetotheonepositionwhereshefindssome____24____:lyingdown.Whatshedreamedof,however,wasarecumbent(可躺的)tricycle.Withadaptations,anIceAdventureHDtricyclewouldallowhertocontinueher____25____hobbyandgiveheralevelof____26____shelostlongago.Afterherstorywaspublished,donations____27____,alongwithmessagesofsupportandencouragementfromreaders.Itsurpassed(超过)her____28____—£7,500andreachedmorethan£9,000.The____29____fundshavebeendonatedtoadisabledcyclingorganizationto_____30_____others,whoarelikeHilton.“Iwas_____31_____,andsohumbledbythepeoplewho’dputthelimein,”Hiltonsays.“Thefinancialsupportwasso_____32_____.Itwasalsosospecialreadingpeople’skindwords.”AttheendofFebruary,alongwithherhusbandPaul,Hiltonwentto_____33_____hernewbike.Thepairspenttheentiredayatthecyclingshop,withdedicatedstaffcheckingwhetheritwas_____34_____suitedtoherbodyandneeds.“I’veuseditnearlyeverydaysince,andIcankeepcycling,”shesays.One_____35_____wasfindinganItaliancafedownacyclepathandeatingfreshlybakedfocaccia,alfresco.“Ican’tputintowordshowliberatingit’sbeen,”sheadds.21.A.evaluating B.battling C.preventing D.proving22.A.cause B.balance C.cure D.influence23.A.lost B.owed C.returned D.adapted24.A.relief B.confidence C.awareness D.courage25.A.skiing B.swimming C.cycling D.running26.A.patience B.freedom C.security D.curiosity27.A.settleddown B.ranout C.gotacross D.floodedin28.A.target B.suggestion C.understanding D.promise29.A.previous B.additional C.official D.important30.A.persuade B.train C.assist D.accompany31.A.blownaway B.sweptaway C.givenup D.heldup32.A.reasonable B.ap