Module+3+Unit+2+This+year+we+are+training+more+carefully 知识点 外研版英语八年级上册

&2&

该结构在句中连接两个并列成分，本句but后省略了going。当它连接并列成分作主语时，谓语动词遵循"就近原则"，即谓语动词的单复数由but后的主语决定。教材语境

I

am

not

going

for

lessons，but

to

play

football.

我不是去上课，而是去踢足球。（教材P20）&1&

not...but...不是……而是……His

brother

doesn't

enjoy

playing

the

piano

but

the

violin.

他弟弟不喜欢弹钢琴，而喜欢拉小提琴。They

came

not

to

help

us

but

to

get

us

into

trouble.

他们来不是帮我们，而是让我们陷入困境。

Not

I

but

my

sister

is

good

at

playing

the

violin.

不是我，而是我姐姐擅长拉小提琴。&5&

作介词，此处意为"（在比赛或战斗中）对（某人或某事物）"，常与play、fight等动词连用。&3&

against/əˈgenst/

prep.（在比赛或战斗中）对（某人或某事物）

&4&

教材语境

I

am

in

our

school

team

and

we

are

going

to

play

against

another

school

next

week.

我是校队成员，我们下周将要和另一个学校比赛。（教材P20）We'll

play

against

a

strong

team

in

tomorrow's

football

match.

明天的足球比赛我们将和一支强队踢。（选自温州中考）&6&

作介词时的其他常见用法：It

can

also

take

pictures

of

the

people

who

are

against

the

traffic

rules

in

the

area.

它还可以给该地区违反交通规则的人拍照。（选自宿迁中考）Are

you

for

or

against

my

plan?你是赞同还是反对我的计划？He

is

standing

against

a

big

tree.

他正紧靠着一棵大树站着。典例1

(安徽中考)Our

class

are

much

sure

to

win

the

basketball

game

___

Class

Three.CA.of

B.in

C.against

D.from【解析】句意：我们班相当有把握赢得与三班的篮球赛。表示"（在比赛或战斗中）对（某人或某事物）"应用介词against。故选C。&7&

so

that

以便，为了&8&

教材语境

We

all

arrive

as

early

as

we

can

so

that

we

have

time

to

warm

up.

我们都尽可能早到，以便有时间热身。（教材P20）&9&

相当于in

order

that,引导目的状语从句，从句中常含有can、could、may、might、would等情态动词。We

must

wear

masks

so

that

we

can

protect

ourselves

well.我们必须戴口罩，以便我们能很好地保护自己。

She

ran

every

morning

so

that

she

would

realize

her

dream

of

being

the

best

runner

in

the

school.

她每天早上跑步，是为了实现自己成为学校最佳赛跑运动员的梦想。（选自金华中考）①so

that/in

order

that+句子

(当主从句主语一致时，可与②进行同义转换)为了……②in

order

to/so

as

to+动词原形

为了……I

get

up

early

every

day

so

that/in

order

that

I

can

get

to

school

on

time.=I

get

up

early

every

day

in

order

to/so

as

to

get

to

school

on

time.

为了按时到校，我每天起床都很早。典例2

完成译句。(广州中考)学好英语，以便我们能够与世界分享中国故事。Learn

English

well

____

_____we

can

share

Chinese

stories

with

the

world.sothat&10&

warm

up

热身；做准备活动&11&

在此作不及物动词短语。If

you

don't

warm

up

before

taking

exercise,

you

may

hurt

yourself.如果运动前不热热身，你可能会伤着自己。&12&

还可意为"（使）活跃起来，热烈起来"。The

party

warmed

up

as

soon

as

he

arrived.

他一到,聚会就活跃起来了。&13&

train/treɪn/

v.（体育）训练，操练&14&

在此作不及物动词;也可作及物动词，意为"训练（人或动物）"。教材语境

We

are

training

harder

than

usual

because

the

other

team

beat

us

last

year.

我们比平时训练得更刻苦，因为那支球队去年打败了我们。（教材P20）The

harder

we

train,

the

luckier

we

can

be.

我们越努力训练，就会越幸运。（改编自海南中考）（不及物动词）He

trains

the

Olympic

team.

他训练奥林匹克队。（及物动词）&15&

作名词，意为"火车"。by

train"乘火车"，get

on/off

a

train"上/下火车"。Nowadays

Chinese

high-speed

trains

are

very

famous

around

the

world.

如今中国的高铁全世界闻名。&16&

usual/ˈjuːʒʊəl/

adj.

通常的；平常的&17&

&18&

作形容词,

常用短语：as

usual"像往常一样",than

usual"比往常"。Mr

Happy

smiled

as

usual

and

Miss

Beautiful

smiled

back.

快乐先生像往常一样微笑，美丽女士回馈给他一个微笑。（选自衢州中考）语境串记This

morning,

Li

Mei

went

to

school

by

bus

as

usual.

She

usually

gets

to

school

at

7:00,

but

today

she

was

20

minutes

later

than

usual

because

of

the

traffic

jam.

今天早上李梅像往常一样坐公共汽车去上学。她通常七点钟到校，但是今天由于交通阻塞，她比平时晚了20分钟。beat过去式为beat,意为"打败；战胜"，其后宾语通常是比赛/竞争的对手，即表示人或团队的名词或代词。beat

sb.（in

the

match）"（在比赛中）战胜某人"。If

you

beathim,

we'll

win

this

match.

如果你击败他，我们将会赢得这场比赛。win过去式为won,意为"赢；获胜"，其后宾语通常是表示比赛、战争、奖品或金钱等的名词。win

the

match"赢得比赛"。&19&

beat/biːt/

v.

打败；战胜&20&

beat与win&21&

beat

还可表示"打破（纪录）；（心脏等）跳动"。She

beat

two

world

records.

她打破了两项世界纪录。His

heart

was

beating

hard,

and

he

was

nervous.

他的心在剧烈地跳动着，紧张得不行。（选自宁波中考）典例3

(襄阳中考)—Great!

Our

women's

volleyball

team

___

the

gold

medal

in

Rio

Olympic

Games

on

Saturday!—Yes.

We

see

the

great

spirit

of

Chinese

women's

volleyball

team

once

again!AA.won

B.beat

C.lost

D.missed【解析】句意：——真棒！我们的女排队在星期六的里约奥运会上获得了金牌!——是的。我们再次看到了伟大的中国女排精神!win"赢;获胜"，后面常接表示比赛、奖品、荣誉类的词作宾语；beat"打败；战胜"，后面常接表示人或团队的词作宾语；lose"输掉"；miss"未击中；错过"。由空后的gold

medal可知，应选A。&24&

作形容词，相当于happy、glad等。常用结构：教材语境

Our

coach

is

pleased

because

we

are

playing

better

as

a

team

now.

我们的教练很满意，因为我们现在整个球队配合得更好了。（教材P20）&22&

pleased/pliːzd/

adj.

开心的；满足的&23&

She

was

very

pleased

with

the

result

of

the

race.

她对比赛结果很满意。He

was

very

pleased

at

the

news.

听到这个消息他非常高兴。Boya

was

pleased

to

hear

Zhong's

words.听到钟（子期）的话，（俞）伯牙很高兴。（选自泰安中考）We're

very

pleased

that

you

can

come.

你们能来，我们很高兴。&25&

better/ˈbetə/

adv.

更好地

adj.

更好的Lucy

sings

better

than

Lily.

露西唱得比莉莉好。We

are

both

good

at

maths,

but

his

English

is

better

than

mine.

我们俩都擅长数学,

但是他的英语比我的好。—How

are

you

feeling

today?你今天感觉怎么样？—Much

better.

好多了。典例4

(桂林中考)根据汉语提示完成单词。She

plays

the

piano

______（好）

than

Sam

does.better【解析】此处需要用副词修饰动词play，再根据空后的than可知，此处要用副词的比较级，表示"好"的副词是well，其比较级是better。故填better。教材语境

Last

year

we

were

sometimes

careless

when

we

passed

the

ball

and

we

lost

to

the

other

team

in

the

final

match.

去年我们有时会传球失误，在决赛中输给了对手。（教材P20）&26&

careless/ˈkeələs/

adj.

粗心的;疏忽的&27&

&28&

作形容词，由"care（n.小心）+-less（否定后缀）"构成，可作表语或定语。It's

careless

of

the

boy

to

leave

the

tap

running.

这个男孩让水龙头一直开着，太粗心了。（选自扬州中考）（作表语）The

careless

driver

had

a

car

accident.那个粗心的司机出了车祸。（作定语）&29&

与careless相关的词:语境串记Tom

is

a

careless

boy,

and

he

always

does

his

homework

very

carelessly.

He

didn't

pass

the

exam

because

of

his

carelessness.

The

teacher

told

him

that

he

must

be

careful

when

studying.

汤姆是个粗心的男孩儿，他做家庭作业总是很粗心。由于粗心他没通过考试，老师告诉他学习时必须要细心。典例5

根据所给单词或首字母提示完成句子。1.(扬州中考)As

we

all

know,

a

________

driver

is

always

a

danger

to

the

public.（care）careless2.(百色中考)Kitty,

you've

made

some

mistakesin

this

exam.

Be

more

c______

next

time.areful&30&

pass/pɑːs/

v.

传递；传送&31&

作动词，具体用法：传球可作及物动词和不及物动词，常用结构：pass（the

ball）

to

sb.

"把球传给某人"。给；递作及物动词，常用结构：pass

sb.

sth.=passsth.

to

sb.

"把某物传给某人"。He

passed

the

ball

to

Owen.

他把球传给了欧文。Why

do

they

keep

passing

back

to

the

goalkeeper？他们为什么总是把球回传给守门员？Could

you

please

pass

me

a

bottle

of

coke（=pass

a

bottle

of

coke

to

me）?请递给我一瓶可乐，好吗？&32&

作动词时的其他常见义项：The

days

passed

slowly.

日子慢慢过去。When

she

passed

the

shop,

she

bought

an

ice

cream.

她经过商店时买了一个冰激凌。All

the

students

passed

the

exam,

so

their

teacher

cheered

them

all

yesterday.

所有的学生都通过了考试，所以他们的老师昨天为他们所有人欢呼。（选自德阳中考）&34&

在此作名词，常用于以下结构：教材语境

What

a

pity!

真是太可惜了！（教材P20）&33&

pity/ˈpɪti/

n.

可惜；遗憾What

a

pity!真遗憾！/真可惜！（常用作交际用语）That's

a

pity!It's

a

pity

to

do

sth.做某事很可惜。It's

a

pity

that...很可惜/很遗憾……—I

have

lost

it！我把它弄丢了！—Oh，what

a

pity！哎呀，真可惜！It's

a

pity

that

I

can't

come

to

the

party.

很遗憾我不能来参加这次聚会。典例6

(十堰中考)—Let's

go

to

the

museum

this

weekend.—___

I

have

to

prepare

for

the

speech

competition.DA.Yes,

please.

B.With

pleasure.C.Go

ahead.

D.What

a

pity!【解析】句意：——这个周末我们去博物馆吧。——真可惜！我不得不为演讲比赛做准备。A项意为"好的"；B项意为"当然了，很愿意"；C项意为"可以，干吧"；D项意为"真遗憾"。由空格后的意思"我不得不为演讲比赛做准备"可知，此处应表示遗憾，故选D。&36&

作名词，其后常接to

do

sth.或of

（doing）sth.,表示"（做）某事的机会/可能性"。教材语境

That

means

we

have

a

better

chance

of

winning.

这意味着我们有更大的获胜机会。（教材P20）&35&

chance/tʃɑːns/

n.

可能性；机会Spending

time

alone

on

reflecting

gives

you

a

chance

toorganize

your

thoughts.

花时间独自反思会让你有机会组织你的想法。（选自荆门中考）Is

there

any

chance

of

getting

tickets

to

theconcert?有可能弄到音乐会的票吗？归纳总结chance的常见搭配：by

chance碰巧；偶然miss/lose

a

chance错过机会give

sb.

a

chance

to

do

sth.给某人做某事的机会have

a

chance

of

（doing）

sth./to

do

sth.有……的机会/可能性教材语境

They

cheer

us

on

loudly

and

we

feel

more

confident

to

win

the

game.

他们大声地为我们欢呼加油，我们感到更有信心赢得比赛。（教材P20）&37&

cheer...on

用欢呼声激励；为……加油cheer

+名词+on=cheer

on

+

名词cheer

+.

.代词

（宾格形式，只能放在中间）+onPeople

cheered

their

favourite

players

on.=People

cheered

on

their

favourite

players.

人们为他们最喜爱的运动员加油。We

cheered

him

on.

我们给他鼓劲儿。&38&

cheer

up意为"（使）高兴起来,（使）振作起来"。代词作宾语时，要放在cheer与up之间。Cheer

up!

It's

not

the

end

of

the

world.

Let's

try

again.振作起来！这不是世界末日，我们再试一次吧。When

I'm

down

or

tired，

I

prefer

movies

that

can

cheer

me

up.当我沮丧或疲惫时，我更喜欢看能让我振奋起来的电影。（选自随州中考）&40&

loudly,

aloud与loud&39&

loudly/ˈlaʊdli/

adv.

响亮地；大声地loudlyadv."响亮地，大声地"，但有时含有"吵闹"之意。aloudadv."大声地；出声地"，强调出声，让人听见。loudadj."喧闹的；大声的"，在句中作表语或定语。loudadv."喧闹地；大声地"，此时可与lo