体验英语一课一练3 3

Unit4Cloningand4CloningandPartSectionShortUnit4Cloningand4CloningandPartSectionShortwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestion,therewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)anddecidewhichisthebestThefinaldestinationofthemanisLosTherearenodirectflightstoLosAngeleswithinthenexttwoA)GetsomesmallC)CashacheckataSheenjoyswritinghomeeverySheneverfailstowriteaweeklyletterShedoesn’twritealetteronceaweekShewasaskedtowritehomeeveryA)ShoppingwithhisC)PromotinganewBecauseshehasgotanBecauseshedoesn’twantBecauseshehastoBecauseshewantstoeatinanewC)MendingTheteacherpostponestheThestudentswillbeattendingtheB)FindashoppingD)FindaparkingB)BuyingagiftforaD)BargainingwithaB)EnhancingD)ThestudentswilltakeanEnglishtestthisHemovedtoBaltimorewhenhewasHecanprovidelittleusefulHewillshowthewomanaroundListeningD)HewillasksomeoneelsetohelptheOverall,shelikestheD)HewillasksomeoneelsetohelptheOverall,shelikestheShedidn’tseetheThefilmwasveryThefilmwon’tbeasgoodasshe’dHeishighlyHeknowshisownSectionShortDirections:thissection,youwillhearashortpassage.Attheendofthepassage,youwillhearquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B)C)andA)LossofC)A)Human’sdietismoreB)Human’surgetosurviveisB)D)LowHumanhassparecopyofthegenetopreventtheHumanhasdevelopedthehightechnologytohelpthemA)TheabnormaldevelopmentofthecloneshouldbeTheabnormaldevelopmentofthecloneisTheabnormaldevelopmentshouldbeattributedtosparecopyoftheThereareotherreasonstoexplaintheabnormalSectionCompoundDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom1to8withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom9to11youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouDolly,theworld’sfirstclonedanimal,wasbornonJuly5,1996.ButshewasgivenalethalshottoendherlifeonFridaybecauseshewas1) fromaprogressivelungdiseasecommoninmucholdersheep.Hershortlifehasbeen2) asapioneeringone.Her3) ,ateamofresearchersatScotland’sRoslinInstitute4) byIanWilmut,5) scientistswhobelievedthatcloningfromadultcellswasbiologicallyimpossible.ManyanimalshavebeenclonedinthemorethansixyearssinceDollycameUnit4Cloningandintotheworld,andtheBritishGovernmenthas6) thecloningofembryosforresearchintohuman7) .ButinJanuary2002shedevelopedarthritis,givingriseto8) thatclonedanimalscouldbepronetoprematureaging.9) IanWilmutsaid.Unit4Cloningandintotheworld,andtheBritishGovernmenthas6) thecloningofembryosforresearchintohuman7) .ButinJanuary2002shedevelopedarthritis,givingriseto8) thatclonedanimalscouldbepronetoprematureaging.9) IanWilmutsaid.GeraldSchatten,professorattheUniversityofPittsburgh,saidthat10) Dollyhadaveryunnaturallifeforasheep,Schattennoted.11) ,perhapscausinghermorepronetolungSectionNoteBeforeYouYouaregoingtohearapassageabouttheclonedpet.Whatdebatesmightbeprovokedabouttheclonedpet?Writedownthemight-bedebatesintheblanksprovidedbelow. Closeyourbook.ListentothelectureandtakeUseyournotestodecideifthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.WriteTfortrueorFforThetechnologyusedbyCaliforniaBiotechCompanytoclonecatsisalsousedfordogs.)Peoplewhoareagainstcatcloningmaintainthatitismoreimportanttoprotectwildlifepets.)AccordingtoStevenSmith,petownerswhohavelosttheirbelovedpetslongforanewpet. Fourclientsarewaitingforpetsthattheyorderedfromthiscompany.)CaliforniaBiotechCompanyhasspentmorethanfouryearsonthecloningprocess.)PartSectionWordDirections:Completethefollowingsentenceswithappropriatewordsgivenbelow.Changetheformnecessary.Notetherearemorewordsthan1.TheUnitedNationsdemandsthatcountriesadoptthemeasuresnecessarytoprohibit ofgeneticengineeringtechniquesthatmaybecontrarytohumandignity.VocabularyExercisSomescientistsmaintainedthathumancloningdeniesanindividual’srightto auniquesetofgenes.Astothecloningofdictatorsandcelebrities,weallunderstandthatgeneticidentitydoesnotguarantee personalityandbehavior.SomecountriesSomescientistsmaintainedthathumancloningdeniesanindividual’srightto auniquesetofgenes.Astothecloningofdictatorsandcelebrities,weallunderstandthatgeneticidentitydoesnotguarantee personalityandbehavior.Somecountriesintheworldfavored thecloningofhumanbeingsforthereproductivepurpose.Opponentsarguetheuseofahumanembryoformedicalresearchoreventreatmentis Petcloningcanproducea identicalcopyofourpet,butitcan’treplacetheoriginaluniqueonethatweloved.Dolly’scaseremindsusthatbothChineseandforeignscientistsshouldputmoreeffortintoimprovingclonetechnologyaswellasdisease techniquesinthefieldofcloningEversincescientistsfirstbegancloningexperimentsonsimpleorganismsinthe1970s,ethicistsandlawmakershavebeenexpressingworryoverwhattodowhencloningtechnology thehumanbarrier.Lastyear,theUnitedNationsabandonedeffortstodrawupa bindingtreatyonResearchershaven’tbeenableto monkeysfromadultorfetaltissue,agoalthatcouldhelpmedicalresearch.SectionWordEachofthesentencesinthissectioncontainsablankinordertoencourageyoutolookonlyatthecontextprovidedasyouattempttodeterminethepossiblemeaningsofthemissingword.Readeachsentencequicklyandsupplyawordforeachblank.Thereisnosinglecorrectanswer.YouaretousecontextcluestohelpyouprovideawordthatisappropriateintermsofgrammarandTheideaoftheprojectistouseclonedembryostocreatecellsthatcanbetransplantedto fromdiabetes(糖尿病).Memberstatesareaskedtotake topreventtheexploitationofwomenintheapplicationoflifesciences.Afertilityexpertissetto internationaluproarthisweekbyclaimingthathehastakenthefirststeptowardscloningadeadhumanbeing.Asidefromhumancloning,no projecthasfueledmoredebatethanthemarketingplansofGeneticSavingsandClone.Thethingthatmanypeopledonotrealizeisthattheclonedcatisnotthesameasthe Therapeuticcloning(治疗性克隆)involvesremovingthenucleusofahumanegg replacingitwiththenucleusfromapatient’sbodycell,suchasaskincell.Scientistsworldwidehavebeendebatingwhethercloningcanbean conservationtechniqueforrescuingendangeredspecies.ItalianscientistssaidonWednesdaytheyhadcreatedtheworld’sfirstclonedhorsefromanadultcell fromthehorsewhogavebirthtoher.Unit4CloningandChinafirmly reproductivecloningoutofethicalandmedicalconcernsbutsupportstherapeuticcloning.Thestemcellstakenfromthetinyembryoshavethe Unit4CloningandChinafirmly reproductivecloningoutofethicalandmedicalconcernsbutsupportstherapeuticcloning.Thestemcellstakenfromthetinyembryoshavethe todevelopintoanykindofcellortissueinthebody.SectionMatchthefollowingwordsontheleftwiththedefinitionsonthebesimilarorbearalikenesstomake(sth.)movefasterorhappentocontrolanduse(anaturalforce)toproduceelectricalpower,etc.apersonwhoisidenticaltotodelaysth.untilalatertime;postponetotakeorgetsth.out,usuallywitheffortorbyforceagreementinopinion;collectiveopiniontoattach(aperson,asociety,aninstitution,etc.)toalargerorganizationtocontrolorhandle(sth.)withtomakerepeatedandurgentrequestsforpressforPartSectionCloseDirections:Thereare2passagesinthisThefirstpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletter.Thesecondpassageisfollowedbysomestatements.Youshoulddecidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalseaccordingtothepassage.WriteTfortrueandFforfalseinthePassageQuestions1to5arebasedonthefollowingTheUnitedNationsdeferredadecisiononatotalbanonhumancloningfollowingtwodaysofimpassionedtestimony声明fromUnitedNationsmembernationslastweekthesecondsuchactionintwoyears.About60countries,includingtheUnitedStates,supporttheproposaltobanallReadingComprehenscloning.But20others,includingtheUnitedKingdomandJapan,alongwithUNSecretaryGeneralKofiAnnan,backamoreflexibleBelgianproposition.Thatplanwouldoutlawreproductivecloningbutalloweachnationtodraftitsownlawsabouttherapeuticcloning,wherebycellsfromclonedembryosareusedformedicalresearchbutnottoproduceclonedbabies.Thelatterisobviouslymorecloning.But20others,includingtheUnitedKingdomandJapan,alongwithUNSecretaryGeneralKofiAnnan,backamoreflexibleBelgianproposition.Thatplanwouldoutlawreproductivecloningbutalloweachnationtodraftitsownlawsabouttherapeuticcloning,wherebycellsfromclonedembryosareusedformedicalresearchbutnottoproduceclonedbabies.Thelatterisobviouslymorepracticalgiventhatmanycountriesarealreadymovingaheadwithstem-cellresearch.Laboratoriesaroundtheworldareworkingontechnologiesrelatedtocloning.Itmayenableustobetterunderstand,ifnotovercome,anumberofdiseases,suchasAlzheimer’s,Parkinson’s,anddiabetes,forwhichthereisnopresentmedicalcure.Unrestrictedcloningcanhavemanyseriousconsequences.Itisjustpossiblethatmanywilltrytocapitalizeoncloningbymarketingthe“perfectchild”.Likemanyothernewtechnologies,cloningmaydousgood,orharm.Banningitaltogetheriseasyandconvenient.Bydoingthat,wedenyourselvestremendousopportunities.Legislativequalityoflifebyhelpingtoeliminateformsofhumansuffering.Whenaglobalconsensusisnearlyimpossibletoreach,asitisforthetimebeing,thebestwecandoinattemptingtocontrolanunstoppablestepforwardinscientificprogressistocloselymonitoritthroughnationalWhatdecisiondidtheUNmakeonItpassedadecisionofatotalbanonhumanItpassedadecisiononatotalbanonhumanTheword“outlaw”(Line3,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto makereproductivecloningdeclarereproductivecloningbringreproductivecloningintodeclarereproductivecloningWhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheEachcountryhastherighttodecidewhetherreproductivecloningislegalorCompanieswillbepermittedtocapitalizeoncloningbymarketingtheperfectTheauthorbelievesthatcloningmaydousmoregoodthanThecloningtechnologycanhelphumanbeingsbetterunderstandsomedisease.Theword“eliminate”(Line4,Para.4)isclosestinmeaningto getridWhichstatementissuitableforthetitleoftheLegislationBetterthanBlanketBaninTherapeuticCloningBetterThanReproductiveCloningTechnologyCanAdvanceHumanQualityofTheUNBannedtheHumanUnit4CloningandPassageQuestions6to10arebasedUnit4CloningandPassageQuestions6to10arebasedonthefollowingThescientistwhocreatedDollythesheep,theworld’sfirstclonedmammal,wasgrantedalicensetoclonehumanembryosformedicalresearch.ProfessorIanWilmut,oftheRoslinInstituteinEdinburgh,planstoobtainstemcellsforresearchintoMotorNeuroneDisease(MND),aprocedurethatdividesthemedicalworldalongethicallines.“Ouraimwillbetogeneratestemcellspurelyforresearchpurposes,”Wilmutsaidinastatement.“Thisisnotreproductivecloninginanyway.”HumanreproductivecloningisillegalinBritainbuttherapeuticcloning,creatingembryosasasourceofstemcellstocurediseases,isallowedonanapprovedbasis.Stemcellsarethebody’smastercells.Thosefromdays-oldembryoshavetheabilitytoformanykindoftissue组织andscientistsareworkingtolearnhowtomanipulatethemfortransplantstotreatdiseasesrangingfromcancertoMND.Thepracticehasdividedthemedicalworld.Opponentsarguetheuseofahumanembryoformedicalresearchoreventreatmentisunethical.USPresidentBushsaysheplanstopressforevenstricterlimitsonhumanembryoresearch.ButtheBritishgroupsaidthestemcelltechniquewouldgreatlyenhancetheirunderstandingofMNDandacceleratethediscoveryofnewdrugs.“Wehavespent20yearslookingforgenesthatcauseMNDandtodatewehavecomeupwithjustonegene,”Shawsaid.“Thisispotentiallyabigstepforward.”WilmutandhiscolleaguesplantousethesametechniquethatwassuccessfulincreatingDollyin1996.Theywillextractgeneticmaterialfromaskinorbloodcellofpatientssufferingfromaninheritedformoftheillnessandplaceitinaneggwhosenucleushasbeenremoved.Theeggwillbestimulatedtodevelopintoanembryoandallowedtodevelopforaboutsixdays,whendiseasedcellsfrompatientstobetterunderstandtheillnessandtotestpotentialmedicines.ProfessorIanWilmutwaspermittedtoclonehumanembryosformedicalresearch.)Therapeuticcloning,creatingembryosasasourceofstemcellstocurediseases,aswellasreproductivecloningislegalinBritain.)USPresidentBushsayshegoesforlimitedhumanembryoresearch.)TheBritishscientistshavediscoveredonegenecausingMND.)ThetechniquethatWilmutandhiscolleaguesplantouseincloninghumanembryosistheasthattheyusedincloningthesheep.)SectionFastInthispart,youwillSectionFastInthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.Forquestions1−7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Forquestions8−10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgivenintheToCloneorNottoClone:TheEthicalAcouplethathadbeenmarriedforonlytwoyearswasinaterriblecaraccident.Thewifewalkedawaywithafewcutsandbruises.Thehusbandhoweverwasunconsciouswhenthedoctorsbutwasnevertobethesameagain.Itturnsoutthatwhenhewasintheaccidenthehadsevereheadtrauma,andwouldbeavegetable植物人therestofhislife.HecouldnottakepartinthereproductionofchildrenThewifeisnowtornbecausetheywillneverhavechildrentogetherSheheardaboutthepossibilityofcloningandbelievesthatitistheonlywaythatshewilleverhavechildren.Isitso?Theethicsofhumancloninghasbecomeagreatissueinthepastfewyears.Theadvocatesforbothsidesoftheissuehavemanyreasonstocloneornottoclone.Thisisanattempttoexploretheprosandconsofhumancloningandtoprovideenoughinformationofbothsidesoftheargumentsinorderforthereadertomaketheirowninformeddecisiononwhetherhumancloningisethicalornot.DefiningHumanCloningWhenspeakingofhumancloning,whatismeant?Differentgroupsandorganizationsdefineitdifferently.Touseaspecificdefinition,theAmericanMedicalAssociation(AMA)definedcloningas“theproductionofgeneticallyidenticalorganismsviacellnucleartransfer”.Inotherwords,cloningisthemethodofproducingababythathasthesamegeneasitsparent.However,manygroupshaveusedabroaderdefinitionofcloning.Theyincludetheproductionoftissues(组织)andorgansthroughgrowingcellsortissuesinculturesalongwiththeactualproducingofembryos(胚胎)tobeborn.Thisisdonewiththeuseofstemcells.HowItAllInFebruary1997,whenembryologistIanWilmutandhiscolleaguesatRoslinInstituteinScotlandwereabletoclonealamb,namedDolly,theworldwasintroducedtoanewpossibilityandwillneverbethesameagain.Beforethis,cloningwasthoughttobeimpossible,butnowthereislivingproofthatthetechnologyandknowledgetocloneanimalsexist.Questionsbegantoarisewithingovernmentsandscientificorganizationsandtheybegantorespond.Arehumansnext?Isitpossibletousethisproceduretoclonehumansalso?Wouldanyoneactuallytry?Whatcanwelearnifweclonehumans?Howwillthisaffecttheworld?Theseareonlyafewofthequestionsthathavesurfacedandneedanswer.AwholenewconceptinethicswascreatedwhenthebirthofDollywasThereareagreatnumberofpossiblemedicalbenefitsanddisadvantagestocloninganditstechnology.Theyincludethefollowing:PotentialMedicalThepossibilitythatthroughcloningtechnologywewilllearntorenewactivityofdamagedUnit4CloningandbyUnit4Cloningandbygrowingnewcellsandreplacingother,i.e.,kidneyandbonemarrow(骨髓)transplants.Sterilecoupleswillbeabletohaveoffspringwillhaveeitherthemother’sorfather’sPotentialHarmsand•••Thepossibilityofcompromisingindividualities.Lossofgeneticvariation.A“blackmarket”offetuses胎儿mayarisefromdesirabledonorsthatwillwanttobeabletoclonethemselves,i.e.,moviestars,athletes,andothers.Technologyisnotwelldeveloped.Ithasalowfertilityrate.IncloningDolly,277eggswereused,30startedtodivide,nineinducedpregnancy,andonlyonesurvivedtoterm.Clonesmaybetreatedassecond-classUnknownpsychosocialharmswithimpactsonthefamilyand•••TheGovernmentsMakeaandmakelawsbeforeanythingdrasticcouldeverhappen.Severalethicscommitteeswereaskedtodecidewhetherscientistsshouldbeallowedtotrytoclonehumans.Manyofthecommitteesfoundthedatadisplayedabove.IntheUnitedStates,theNationalBioethicsAdvisoryCommissionrecommendedafive-yearsuspensiononcloningachildthroughcellnucleartransfer.InthestateofMichigan,GovernorEnglersignedalawlastyearmakinghumancloningillegalwithharshpenaltiesifitisattempted.LetUsAfteracouplehashadtheirfirstchild,totheirdisappointmenttheybecomeinfertileandcannothavemorechildren.Cloningwouldenablesuchacoupletohaveasecondchild,perhapsayoungertwintothechildtheyalreadyhave.Thisexamplehasaverygoodargument.Manycoupleshavedifficultieshavingchildren,andsometimesitisimpossibleforcouplestohavechildrenbecausetheyareinfertile.Cloningwouldallowthesecouplestohavechildren.Thisandtheexampleatthebeginningarebothargumentsthatsomehavemadeinpromotingcloning.Itishardtotellsomeonethattheycannotusecloningtohavechildrenwhennootherpossiblewaystoproduceoffspringareavailable.Thisisonereasonwhyitisdifficulttodecideifcloningisethicalornot.Cloningorgansfororgantransplantsisoneofthemajorpracticalreasonsthatcloningshouldbeallowed.Thereisalwaysahighdemandfororgans.Someargueforthecloningofhumanstocreatesparebodyparts.Otherstalkofjustwantingtocloneanorgantoreplaceadefectiveorgan.YouShouldNotCloneOneofthemaingoalsofthegovernmentistoprotecthumanlife.Somepeoplewantthethefirstgovernmenttoplaceabanoncloning.Asmentionedbefore,thegovernorsignedlawsthatprohibitengagingorattemptingtoengageinhumancloning.AMichiganstateSenator,Mr.Bennettsaid,“Thislegislationboilsdowntoonething:prohibitingthecreationofhumanlifeforscientificresearch.Humancloningiswrong;itwillbewrong100yearsfromnow!”Producingclonesforresearchortousetheirpartsisunethical.ItwouldbeagainstthecodeofethicsofadoctortoharmaTechnology,aswepresentlyknow,willnoteffectivelysupportthecloningofhumans.Asmentionedbefore,thesuccessratewasquitelowwhencloningDolly.Onlyoneofthe277triessucceeded.TechnologyhasnotyetbeenableTechnology,aswepresentlyknow,willnoteffectivelysupportthecloningofhumans.Asmentionedbefore,thesuccessratewasquitelowwhencloningDolly.Onlyoneofthe277triessucceeded.Technologyhasnotyetbeenabletoprovideananswertothisproblem.Thefearthatcloneswillbetreatedassecond-classcitizensisalsopresent.Ifacloneiscreatedtoactasbonemarroworkidneydonor,thequestionarisesiftheywouldbetreatedlikethefirstchild?Wouldtheparentsevenlovethischildthesame?Ifnot,thiswouldleadtonegativeself-Thereisalsothefearthatsomewouldwanttoclonepeopletocreatelargearmiesofthesameandlowerclassforclones.Cloningcanrevolutionizetheworldandthewayweliveoritmaybesominimalthatitwouldnotaffectusatallifitisallowed.Isthistheworldyouwanttolivein?Eachpersonindividuallymustdecideforhimselforherselfiftheybelievethatcloningshouldbeallowedorifthegovernmentsshouldintervenewithit.WhathasstimulatedthecoupletoturntoThecouplewantstohavemorethanoneTherapiddevelopmentofthecloningTheaccidenthasdeprivedthemanofhisTheaccidenthasdeprivedthewomanofherfertility.AccordingtoAMA,whatisthedefinitionofhumancloning?ToproduceababywholooksexactlylikehisToproduceababywhohasthesamegeneasitsToproduceababywhohasthesamegenderbutdifferentsizesashisToproduceababywhohasthesamesizebutdifferentgenderashisparent.In1997,thesuccessfulcloningofDollypredicts thecertaintytoclonethepossibilitytocurethepossibilitytoclonethepossibilitytoclonemoreWhathasNOTbeenmentionedaboutthepotentialbenefitsaboutThereplacementofthedamagedcellwiththeclonednewClonedorganscanbeusedasorganClonedrobotscanhelppeopledoItcanenablethesterilecoupletohavebabywiththeirowngenes.WhatisAmericangovernment’sattitudetowardstheclone?A)C)B)D)WhyisithardtodecidethatcloningisethicalorClonehasbroughtforththegreatadvancementinmedicalForsomecouple,theclonemightbetheonlysolutiontohavetheirownCloneindeedhelpspeopletowalkoutoftheirownCloneisanindividualactratheracollectiveUnit4CloningandWhichhasNOTbeenmentionedaboutthereasonstobantheProducingcloneUnit4CloningandWhichhasNOTbeenmentionedaboutthereasonstobantheProducingcloneforresearchorapplicationisTechnology,currentlycouldn’tprovideenoughsupporttothecloneofTousetheorgansorclonecanalsoberegardedasaTheclonesmightbetreatedasthesecond-classIfacloneiscreatedtoactasanorgandonor,itisdoubtedwhether Peoplefearthat createdbytheclonetechnologytoreplacepeoplewiththeirassignment.Cloning notaffectusatallifitisallowed.SectionPassageInthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.Pleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitem.YoumaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanForthepastfewyearstherehasbeenheatedcontroversyonthetopicofcloninghumanbeings.Humancloningiseither“playingGod”ora1inthescientificfield.Eventhoughmuchisnotedonthe2effectofhumancloning,itisbeneficialtosocietybecauseit3infertileprocreation(繁殖),theknowledgeofgreatthinkersisnever4,andpeoplewhohavebeeninterribleaccidentscan5oneventhoughtheirbodiescan’tbesavedCloningahumanbeingcangivepeoplewhohave6miscarriages,orareinfertile,the7ofhavingachild.Thecouplecouldadopt,8theymightwantababytocalltheirown.Someparentswanttogo9thepleasureofactuallyhavingababy.Thisiswhycloningwouldbeabetterideaforthemthanadoption.Whensomeoneisunjustlymurderedthereisno10forthem.Butifwecouldclonehumans,thepeoplewhoarekilledinmurders,orcaraccidentscouldbe“broughtbacktolife”inasense.WithcloningtheywouldbegiventhechancetoliveB)E)H)K)N)M)PartSectionChinesetoEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingpassageandputitinto干细胞(stemcell)是人体内最重要的细胞。胚胎中的干细胞受到科学家的极度珍爱，因为它们可以转化为人体的任何部分。在科学家看来，成人干细胞没有胚胎干细胞那样神通广大。然PartSectionChinesetoEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingpassageandputitinto干细胞(stemcell)是人体内最重要的细胞。胚胎中的干细胞受到科学家的极度珍爱，因为它们可以转化为人体的任何部分。在科学家看来，成人干细胞没有胚胎干细胞那样神通广大。然SectionEnglishtoChineseDirections:ReadthefollowingpassageandputitintoInthefirstworld-widedigitalbeautycontestwhichtothesurpriseofmanyfrenziedonlinefanswaswonbyawomanwhoisvirtuallyrealfleshandbones.“Virtualmodelsarenottheantireal,Healsosaidthattheactressesshouldnotbeafraidofbeingreplacedbythe3DcloneinmoviesorSectionErrorDirections:Thissectionconsistsofashortpassage.Inthispassage,therearealtogether10mistakes,oneineachnumberedline.Youmayhavetochangeaword,addawordordeleteaword.Markoutthemistakesandputthecorrectionsintheblanksprovided.Ifyouchangeaword,crossitoutandwritedownthecorrectwordinthecorrespondingblank.Ifyouaddaword,putaninsertionmark(^)intherightplaceandwritedownthemissingwordintheblank.Ifyoudeleteaword,crossitoutandputaslash(/)intheIntegratedUnit4CloningandTherehasbeenmuchdiscussionrecentlyintheUnitedStatesaboutstoringpetDNAsothatpetownerscanclonetheirbelovedanimalswhenthetechnologybecomesavailable.Becausepetcloningisnotdealinghumanbeings,ithasfewerofthemoralissuesassociatedwithhumancloning.Still,petUnit4CloningandTherehasbeenmuchdiscussionrecentlyintheUnitedStatesaboutstoringpetDNAsothatpetownerscanclonetheirbelovedanimalswhenthetechnologybecomesavailable.Becausepetcloningisnotdealinghumanbeings,ithasfewerofthemoralissuesassociatedwithhumancloning.Still,petcloningrequiresusaddressingthequestionofwhetherthereissomethingmoralobjectionabletosuchcloning.Petcloningispresumablydonetominimizeaperson’sloss.Ifyourdevotingcatordogisneardeath,youcancloneRex(commonnamefordogs)sothathe,oratlessareasonablecopyofhim,canremaininyourlife.Indeed,somemightwanttocloneRexfarenoughinadvancesothatRexIIcouldcomeintobeinginRexI’slateryears.Thedesireforhumancloningoftenstemstosimilarfeelingsofloss.Theimportantquestioniswhetherweshouldtrytoreplacereasonsfornoteventrying.Thelovesofourlivesarenotinterchangeableorirreplaceable.Andanyattempttotreatthemassuchwillharmeitherthemandus.We,andourpets,aremorethanacollectionofgenes.FailtounderstandthisistofailtounderstandourselvesandourrelationshipwiththosewePartSectionOrganizingYourDirections:PutthefollowingsentencesintheproperordersothattheymakeacompleteThoseinsupportofcloninghavesuchreasonsasresearchpurposesandpopulatingmilitariesetc.Intheworldoftechnologicaladvances,theissueofcloningispresentasadebateofmoralsandhumanrights.Anotherreasonforcloningistoreplaceadeceasedchildorpet,ortoenableinfertilecouplestohavechildren.violationofnature.PeopleareaskingwhetherhumanshavetherighttoclonehumanandotherMoreimportantly,cloningtrivializestheindividualitieseachpersonandanimalhas,andconsequentlyviolatesthehumanrights.Allpeople,clonesincluded,havefeelingsandS1. S2. S3. S4. S5. S6. S7. S8. S9. S10. Section GeneralInthissection,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitleAdvantagesDisadvantagesofCloning,Section GeneralInthissection,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitleAdvantagesDisadvantagesofCloning,youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinesSectionPracticalUsetheinformationgivenbelowtowriteacallforpapers,includingsubmissionguidelines.firstpartineachparagraphhasbeendoneforPaperTheAmericanConferenceonHumanFertilizationandEmbryologyAuthorityTherapeuticCloning8single-spacedpagesincludingtheTitleBlock,abstract,figures,tablesandreferences297mmxonoriginality,tec