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名词性从句基础巩固Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Theywantedtounderstandpaintedthepicturesandwhattheymightmean.2.Ifirsthavetoremovealltherottenparts,andsometimes,isleftisn’tenoughformydesigns.3.hehadleftwithoutsayingonewordreallymadeallofusfeeldeeplyhurt.4.Therefore,itisadvisableyoushouldvalueandtreatthemwithcare.5.Hiswritingissoconfusingthatit’sdifficulttomakeoutitisthatheistryingtoexpress.6.Onereasonistheairaroundyoumovesinfromsomewhereelse.7.IdidnotwanttogetanythanksbutIhopedIdidcouldinspiresomeonetodothesameaswell.8.Wenowrealizeimportantfamilyis,especiallywhenyouareraisingchildren.9.Youhavetoknowyou’regoingifyouaretoplanthebestwaytogetthere.10.Itisoftenthecaseanythingispossibleforthosewhohangontohope.Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)11.MyuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetothatIlive.12.Yoursupportisveryimportanttoourwork,howeveryoucandohelps.13.Onthefarmyoucancombineyouhavelearnedwithpracticetothefullest.14.Afterarrivingatschool,Idiscussedwithsomeclassmatesthatwecoulddo.15.ThatinterestsmemostisEnglishandIalwaysgetgoodgradesintheexams.16.Itseemsthatiftheresultisbad,whichpeopleworkforwillbemeaningless.17.Butheoncesaid,“Ihavefailedoverandoveragaininmylife.Andthat’sbecauseIsucceed.”18.Wearethinkingaboutwhomcanbeadmittedintohisclub.Thenumberofmembersislimited.19.Itisannouncedthattheawardwillgiventowhohasmadethelargestdonationtothecharity.20.IknowwhatyouareinterestedinChinesefestivals,soIchooseanalbumofpapercuttingforyou.技法总结名词性从句的考查主要集中在从句的引导词上。首先要记住连接词that,whether/if,asif/though,who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever,when,where,how,whenever,wherever,however等,然后分析它们在从句中的成分和它们所引导的从句在整个句子中的成分。名词性从句的解题思路:(1)找出主句,确定主句的谓语动词,确定主句的主谓结构,查看句子成分是否缺失;(2)辨别哪部分是名词性从句,确定从句的类型:主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句,判断连接词的使用。(3)看名词性从句中缺少什么成分,缺少什么补什么,如果什么都不缺,则用that。能力提升Ⅲ.阅读理解A(2018·广东仲元中学等七校联考)Traditionally,robotshavebeenhard,madeofmetalandotherrigidmaterial.ButateamofscientistsatHarvardUniversityintheUShasmanagedtobuildanentirelysoftrobot—onethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus(章鱼).DescribedinsciencejournalNature,the“Octobot”couldpavethewayformoreeffectiveautonomousrobotsthatcouldbeusedinsearch,rescueandexploration.“TheOctobotisminimalsystemwhichmayserveasafoundationforanewgenerationofcompletelysoft,autonomousrobots,”thestudy’sauthorswrote.Robotsbuiltforprecise,repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironmentdon’tdosowellonroughterrains(地形)orinunpredictableconditions.Andtheyaren’tespeciallysafearoundhumans,becausethey’remadeoutofhardandheavypartsthatcouldbepotentiallydangeroustotheirusers.Soresearchershavebeenworkingonbuildingsoftrobotsfordecades.They’retakeninspirationfromnature,lookingtoanimalsfromjellyfishtocockroaches,whichareoftenmadeupofmoreflexiblematter.Butcreatingacompletelysoftrobotremainsachallenge.Evenifengineersbuildasilicone(硅酮)body,it’sstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts,suchasasourceofpower.“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsgreatpromiseforseveralapplications,suchassearchandrescueoperationsandexploration,”BarbaraMazzolaiandVirgilioMattolioftheItalianInstituteofTechnology’sCenterforMicroBioRobotics,wroteinacomment.“Softrobotsmightalsoopenupnewapproachestoimprovingwellnessandqualityoflife.”21.What’sthespecialfeatureof“Octobot”?A.It’ssoft.B.It’smadeofmetal.C.It’sverysmall.D.Itlookslikeanoctopus.22.What’sthedisadvantageoftraditionalrobots?A.They’rehardtocontrol.B.They’retooheavytomove.C.Theycan’tpredictconditions.D.Theycan’tbehavewellallthetime.23.OneofthebiggestchallengesistobuildOctobot’s.A.siliconebody B.complexcomponentsC.precisemovements D.flexiblepowersource24.Whatcanweinferabouttheapplicationof“Octobot”?A.Ithasbeenusedinvariousfields.B.Ithasnotbeenputintouseonalargescale.C.Ithasbeenusedinthefieldofrescue.D.Ithasnotbeenimprovedyet.B(2018·辽宁凌源三模)Asprovidersandcaretakers(监护人),adultstendtoviewthechildrenashappyandfree.Afterall,kidsdon’thavejobstokeeporbillstopay,sowhatdotheypossiblyhavetoworryabout?Plenty!Evenveryyoungchildrenhaveworriesandfeelstressfultosomedegree.Stressisafunctionofthedemandsplacedonus.Thesedemandsoftencomefromoutsidesources,suchasfamilies,jobs,friends,orschools.Buttheycanalsocomefromourfeelings,forexample,whatwethinkweshouldbedoingversuswhatwe’reactuallyabletodo.Stresscanaffectanyonewhofeelsataloss,evenkids.Forkidsinthekindergarten,separationfromparentscancauseanxiety.Askidsgetolder,academicandsocialpressuresalsocreatestress,especiallythosewhowanttofitintheirschoolareprobablytogetmorestress.Manykidsaretoobusytohavetimetoplaycreativelyorrelaxafterschool.Kidswhocomplainaboutalltheiractivitiesorwhorefusetotakepartinthemmightbetootiredandfullofstress.Talkwithkidsabouthowtheyfeelabouttheactivitiesrelatedtotheircourses.Iftheycomplain,youshouldconsiderstoppingoneactivityforaperiodoftime,oryoucanexplorewaystohelpthemmanagetheirtimeandlessentheiranxiety.Anothersourceofstressisworldnews.KidswhoseescaryimagesonTVorhearsomeonetalkofnaturaldisastersorwaysmayworryabouttheirownsafetyandthepeopletheylove.TalktothemaboutwhattheyseeandhearonTVtohelpthemunderstandwhat’sgoingon.What’smore,beawareofsomenegativefactors,suchasanillness,ordeathofalovedone.Whentheseareaddedtotheeverydaypressurekidsface,thestressmayappear.Separatedordivorcedparentsshouldneverputkidsinapositionofhavingtochoosewhotheywouldliketolivewith.25.Whoisthemoststressedaccordingtothetext?A.Akidnotgettingmanygiftsonherbirthday.B.Akidnotgettingusedtotheschoollife.C.Akidlivingwithhisstrictparents.D.Akidfailinginmakingnewfriends.26.What’sParagraph4mainlyabout?A.Waystohelpkidsrelievestress.B.Activitiestostaywithkids.C.Coursestohelpkidsrelax.D.Reasonsforkid’sfeelingstressed.27.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthetext?A.Worldnewsmaymakekidsworryabouttheircountries’safety.B.Kidswhobehavewellintheschoolhaven’tstress.C.Stressisnotverycommonandseriousamongchildren.D.Negativethingsanddailypressurecancausestress.28.What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A.SourcesofStress B.EffectsofStressC.Children’sStress D.Students’StressⅣ.完形填空ThelastthingKimPowellWoodswantedforherbirthdaywasanewspaperstory.ButherdayonWednesdaywasjusttoo29toignore.Insteadofatraditionalcelebrationwithgiftsandabirthday30,thewomanwantedsmiles.Forher35thbirthday,shewoulddo35actsofrandomkindnessfor31.Shethoughtofitforacoupleweeksandsatdownoneafternoonandstartedmakingalistofthingsshecould32.Herjob—asa911operator—putherin33withpeoplewhowerehavingverybaddays.Shewanteda34whenshemighthelppeoplehavea35day.And,asasinglemotheroftwo,she36alotaboutwhatitwasliketobewithallkindsofproblems.So,she37togivepeoplealittlehelp.Shestartedat5a.m.Atagasstation,she38awoman,whowastryingtosellsomehouseholdthings.Sheneeded39tobuygastogettoworkinMomence.Kimpaidforthatgas.Itwouldbepartofthenearly$200shewould40Wednesday.Kimmadesomesandwichesthenightbeforeandpacked41forothersurprisedstrangers.Shegavethem42atthebusstopatnoon.Sherememberedwhatitwasliketoridethebusandhaveno43forlunch.Sheboughtsomebustokensforotherfolks.Otherreceivers44awaywithlotterytickets.She45droppedoffgiftsattheGiftofGodhomelessshelter.Herdaughtertoldheraboutastudentwho46aliftatherschool,soshetookmealsfromMcDonald’soutthere.Theonlydifficultyshemetwasanattendantwho47tomakechangeforher.48Kimmayhavebroughtsmilesto35faces,atleastonewomanwantednoneofKim’sbrandofgoodwill.“I’llprobablydothisagain,butI’llwaitforabigone,likemy40thbirthday,”shesaid.Andshemightgetherlaundromatchangeatabank.29.A.strange B.frighteningC.unusual D.surprising30.A.gift B.cakeC.meal D.bag31.A.relatives B.strangersC.friends D.workers32.A.offer B.buyC.sell D.do33.A.touch B.conflictC.question D.concern34.A.year B.weekC.day D.time35.A.bad B.similarC.good D.same36.A.learned B.forgotC.knew D.got37.A.asked B.suggestedC.allowed D.wanted38.A.helped B.invitedC.visited D.left39.A.traffic B.moneyC.people D.paper40.A.cost B.takeC.bring D.spend41.A.lunches B.dinnersC.cash D.breakfasts42.A.in B.upC.off D.away43.A.change B.intensionC.plan D.wish44.A.turned B.walkedC.dashed D.laughed45.A.also B.evenC.so D.however46.A.missed B.lostC.searched D.needed47.A.tried B.failedC.refused D.succeeded48.A.When B.WhileC.As D.If答案解析Ⅰ.1.who2.what3.That4.that5.what6.that7.what8.how9.where10.thatⅡ.11.Myuncleistheownerofarestaurantclosetoeq\f(that,where)Ilive.12.Yoursupportisveryimportanttoourwork,eq\f(however,whatever)youcandohelps.13.Onthefarmyoucancombineeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(what))youhavelearnedwithpracticetothefullest.14.Afterarrivingatschool,Idiscussedwithsomeclassmateseq\f(that,what)wecoulddo.15.eq\f(That,What)interestsmemostisEnglishandIalwaysgetgoodgradesintheexams.16.Itseemsthatiftheresultisbad,eq\f(which,what)peopleworkforwillbemeaningless.17.Butheoncesaid,“Ihavefailedoverandoveragaininmylife.Andthat’seq\f(because,why)Isucceed.”18.Wearethinkingabouteq\f(whom,who)canbeadmittedintohisclub.Thenumberofmembersislimited.19.Itisannouncedthattheawardwillgiventoeq\f(who,whoever)hasmadethelargestdonationtothecharity.20.Iknoweq\f(what,that)youareinterestedinChinesefestivals,soIchooseanalbumofpapercuttingforyou.Ⅲ.eq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇科普类说明文,介绍了章鱼机器人的优点和投入使用的可能性。)21.A[细节理解题。根据第一段中“anentirelysoftrobot—onethatdrawsinspirationfromanoctopus(章鱼)”可知,它的特点是柔软。故选A。]22.D[推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Robotsbuiltforprecise,repetitivemovementsinacontrolledenvironmentdon’tdosowellonroughterrains(地形)orinunpredictableconditions.”可知,传统机器人的缺点是它们不能一直表现得很好。故选D。]23.D[细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“it’sstillagrandchallengetoconstructflexibleversionsofessentialparts,suchasasourceofpower”可知,最大的挑战之一是建造章鱼机器人的柔性电源,故选D。]24.B[推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“Althoughsoftroboticsisstillinitsearlystage,itholdsgreatpromiseforseveralapplications”可知,它还没有大规模地投入使用。故选B。]语篇解读本文主要讲不仅仅大人有压力,孩子也会有压力。文章就孩子的压力来自哪里进行了阐述。25.B[细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Askidsgetolder,academicandsocialpressuresalsocreatestress,especiallythosewhowanttofitintheirschoolareprobablytogetmorestress.”可知,随着孩子年龄的增长,学业和社会压力也会给孩子带来压力,尤其是那些想要适应学校生活的孩子可能会承受更多的压力。故选B。]26.A[段落大意题。第四段说的是:当孩子抱怨活动或者不想参加这些活动的时候,很有可能是压力太大了,这时候家长应该想办法来帮助孩子管理时间,减轻压力。由此可知,第四段主要讲如何帮助孩子缓解压力。故选A。]27.D[推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句“What’smore,beawareofsomenegativefactors,suchasanillness,ordeathofalovedone.Whentheseareaddedtotheeverydaypressurekidsface,thestressmayappear.”可知,消极因素会给孩子带来压力。故选D。]28.C[标题归纳题。通读文章可知,第一段引入话题;第二段的“Plenty!Evenveryyoungchildrenhaveworriesandfeelstressfultosomedegree.”明确主题,下文进行了具体论述,整篇文章讲的是孩子的压力,故选C。]Ⅳ.eq\x(语篇解读本文讲述了一位女士在自己35岁生日时通过帮助别人以收获笑脸来庆祝生日。)29.C[根据后面的过生日不想要礼物和蛋糕而只要微笑可知,这个生日是过得很与众不同的。unusual“不平常的”符合题意。]30.B[生日的典型特征是收到礼物和吃生日蛋糕,因为前面有了礼物,所以此处应指蛋糕。]31.B[因为下文中主人公帮助的都是不认识的人,所以此处strangers“陌生人”符合题意。relative亲戚;friend朋友;
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