2023年考研外语考前摸底试卷9

考研外语考前摸底试卷9

一、UseofEnglish

1>Valentine'sDaymaycomefromtheancientRomanfeastof

Lupercalia.(1)thefiercewolvesroamednearby,theold

Romanscalled(2)thegodLupercustohelpthem.Afestival

inhis(3)washeldFebruary15th.Ontheeveofthe

festivalthe(4)ofthegirlswerewrittenon(5)

paperandplacedinjars.Eachyoungman(6)aslip.The

girlwhosenamewas(7)wastobehissweetheartforthe

year.

Legend(8)itthattheholidaybecameValentine'sDay

(9)aromanpriestnamedValentine.EmperorClaudiusII

(10)theRomansoldiersnottomarryorbecomeengaged.

Claudiusfeltmarriedsoldierswould(11)stayhomethan

fight.WhenValentine(12)theEmperorandsecretly

marriedtheyoungcouples,hewasputtodeathonFebruary14th,

the(13)ofLupercalia.Afterhisdeath,Valentinebecame

a(14).Christianpriestsmovedtheholidayfromthe15th

tothe14th—Valentine，sDay.NowtheholidayhonorsValentine

(15)ofLupercus.

Valentine，sDayhasbecomeamajor(16)ofloveandromance

inthemodemworld.TheancientgodCupidandhis(17)into

alover，sheartmaystillbeusedto(18)fallinginlove

orbeinginlove.Butwealsousecardsandgifts,suchas

flowersorjewelry,todothis.(19)togiveflowertoa

wifeorsweetheartonValentine，sDaycansometimesbeas

(20)asforgettingabirthdayoraweddinganniversary.

A.While

B.when

C.Though

D.Unless

2、(2)

A.upon

B.back

C.off

D.away

3、(3)

A.honor

B.belief

C.hand

D.way

4、⑷

A.problems

B.secrets

C.names

D.intentions

5、(5)

A.rolls

B.piles

C.works

D.slips

6、(6)

A.cast

B.caught

C.drew

D.found

7、(7)

A.given

B.chosen

C.elected

D.delivered

8、(8)

A.tells

B.means

3

C.makes

D.has

9、⑼

A.after

B.since

C.as

D.from

10、(10)

A.ordered

B.pleaded

C.envisioned

D.believed

11、(H)

A.other

B.simply

C.rather

D.all

12、(12)

A.disliked

B.defied

C.defeated

D.dishonored

4

13、(13)

A.celebration

B.arrangement

C.feast

D.eve

14、(14)

A.goat

B.saint

C.model

D.weapon

15、(15)

A.because

B.made

C.instead

D.learnt

16、(16)

A.part

B.representative

C.judgment

D.symbol

17、(17)

A.story

5

B.wander

C.arrow

D.play

18、(18)

A.portray

B.require

C.demand

D.alert

19、(19)

A.Keeping

B.Disapproving

C.Supporting

D.Forgetting

20、(20)

A.constructive

B.damaging

C.reinforcing

D.retorting

二、ReadingComprehension

1、PartA

Directions:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestions

beloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.(40points)

Whenyoungpeoplewhowanttobejournalistsaskmewhatsubject

theyshouldstudyafterleavingschool,Itellthem:''Anything

exceptjournalismormediastudies”.Mostveteransofmytrade

wouldsaythesame.Itispracticaladvice.Forobviousreasons,

newspapereditorsliketoemploypeoplewhocanbringsomething

otherthanaknowledgeofthemediatothepartythatwecall

ourwork.

OnTheDailyTelegraph,forexample,theeditorofLondonSpy

isatheologianbyacademictraining.Theobituarieseditoris

aphilosopher.Theeditorofourstudentmagazine,Juice,

studiedphysics.Asformyself,Ireadhistory,ancientand

modern,atthetaxpayer'sexpense.

IamnotsurewhatCharlesClarke,theEducationSecretary,

wouldmakeofallthis.IfIunderstandhimcorrectly,hewould

thinkthatthepublicmoneyspentonteachingthishugerange

ofdisciplinestothestaffofTheDailyTelegraphwaspretty

muchwasted.Theonlyacademiccourseofwhichhewould

wholeheartedlyapproveinthelistabovewouldbephysics,but

thenagain,hewouldprobablythinkitaterriblewastethat

SimonHoggchosetoeditJuiceinsteadofdesigningaeroplanes

orbuildingnuclearreactors.Bythat,heseemstomeanthat

everythingtaughtatthepublicexpenseshouldhaveadirect,

practicalapplicationthatwillbenefitsocietyandtheeconomy.

ItisextremelyalarmingthatthemaninchargeofBritain's

educationsystemshouldthinkinthisnarrow-minded,

half-wittedway.Thetruth,ofcourse,isthatallacademic

disciplinesbenefitsocietyandtheeconomy,whetherina

directandobviouswayornot.Theyteachstudentstothink一to

processinformationandtodistinguishbetweenwhatis

importantandunimportant,trueanduntrue.Aboveall,a

countryinwhichacademicresearchandintelligentideasare

allowedtoflourishisclearlyamuchmoreinteresting,

stimulatingandenjoyableplacethanonewithout“ornaments”,

inwhichmoneyandusefulnessareallthatcount.

Mr.Clarkecertainlyhasapointwhenhesaysthatmuchofwhat

istaughtinBritain'suniversitiesisuseless.Butitis

uselessforafarmoreseriousreasonthanthatitlacksany

obviouseconomicutility.Astheextraordinarilyhighdrop-out

ratetestifies,itisuselessbecauseitfailsthefirsttest

ofuniversityteaching一thatitshouldstimulatetheinterest

ofthosebeingtaught.Whenstudentsthemselvesthinkthat

theircoursesareawasteoftimeandmoney,thenawastethey

are.

Theanswerisnottocutoffstatefundingforthehumanities.

不_____Q

q8

Itistooffershort,nononsensevocationalcoursestothose

whowanttolearnatrade,andreserveuniversityplacesfor

thosewhowanttopursueanacademicdiscipline.Bythismeans,

agreatdealofwastedmoneycouldbesavedandallstudents

theacademicandtheno,so-academic一wouldbenefit.WhatMr.

ClarkeSeemstobeproposinginsteadisanactofcultural

vandalismthatwouldrobBritainofallclaimtobecalleda

civilisedcountry.

Thesecondparagraphismeanttodemonstratethat.

A.studentsofotherdisciplinesthanjournalismare

preferredemployeesofnewspapers

B.youngpeopleshouldlearnothersubjectsthanjournalism

afterleavingschool

C.veteransoftheauthor,stradewouldgivethesameadvice

topuzzledyoungsters

D.youngpeopleshoulddiversifytheirlearningsubjectsto

bebetteremployed

2、

CharlesClarkeasdescribedinthepassagewouldprobably

agreethat.

A.philosophyasanacademicdisciplineincollegeshouldbe

canceled

B.physicsshouldbethetopmostchoiceofdisciplinesfor

prospectivejournalists

C.theDailyTelegraphispoorlystaffedandneeds

rearrangement

D.thereisnoreasonforthestatetopayforsubjectsof

highereducation

3、

Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Theroleofstate-fundeduniversitiesistotrainstudents

forajob.

B.Everyacademicsubjectwilldogoodtosocietyandthe

economysomehow.

C.Academicresearchandintelligentideasaremoreimportant

than"ornaments”.

D.Moneyandusefulnessarethecriteriatojudgetheworth

ofadiscipline.

4、

ThatmanysubjectstaughtatBritishcollegesareuselessis

mainlyowingto.

A.theirfallingshortofthedemandsofeconomy

B.theirvalidityasadisciplinebeinguntestified

C.theirfailuretomeetthestandardsofuniversity

instruction

D.theirinabilitytoarousetheinterestofstudents

5、

Theauthor'sprimarypurposeinwritingthispassageisto

A.proposeanacademicdisciplineforyoungpeoplewishingto

bejournalists

B.debatebothsidesoftheproperpatternofBritain，shigher

education

C.condemnCharlesClarkeforhisimproperstatementsabout

highereducation

D.contrastCharlesClarke'sclaimabouthighereducationto

thatofhisown

6、StandardPoor，smaintainsacautiousstanceoncable-TV

operatorsinthewakeofVerizon，s(VZ)announcementinearly

Mayofaggressivepricecutsforitsdigitalsubscriberline

(DSL)Internet-accessservice.OuroveralloutlookfortheS

PCableBroadcastingindex,whichalsoincludessharesof

over-the-airTVandradiobroadcasters,isneutraltomodestly

positive.Cableoperatorshavesofarruledoutanovertprice

waronbroadbandservices.However,expecttoseenear-term

responseslikeincreasedbundlingofservices,extendedfree

months,moreaggressivemarketingandpromotions,evenmodest

pricecutsfromcableoutfitsthatoffermultipleservicessuch

asbroadbandastheydefendtheirhigh-growthInternet-access

Business.

Continuedrapidgrowthindigitalcableandhigh-speeddata

serviceshelpedsupporttheindustry'songoingrevenuegrowth.

WeatSParewaryofpricepressuresonthelong-termand

short-termeconomicsofcable'sbroadbandbusiness.That's

especiallytrueasanotherBabyBell,SBCCommunications(SBC),

isalsoundercuttingcable-serviceprovidersinmanycore

markets.

Intheirtraditionalbusinesssegment,U.S.cableoperators

continuetobenefitfromamodestreboundinadvertising

spending,followingasignificantdownturnduringtheeconomic

slumpthatstartedin2022.Theindustryhasactuallyincreased

itsshareoftotalU.S.adspending.Thecablesectorposted

uninterruptedrevenuegrowthduringtherecentdownturn,asits

greaterrelianceonsubscriberrevenuesgivesitamore

defensiveposturethanbroadcasters.Subscriptionsremainthe

industry'sprimaryrevenuesource,accountingforroughly65%

ofthetotal,withadvertisingmakesuptherest.

Ournear-termoutlookforcableremainstemperedbyheightened

levelsofgeopoliticalanxieties,thoughtheIraqwar'sendhas

alleviatedtheirimpactonadvertisingdemand.Meanwhile,core

subscriptiongrowthcontinuestobedrivenbyrobustratesof

high-speeddatasign-upsandbyimprovedprospectsfor

digital-videoancillaryofferingslikevideo-on-demandand

high-definitionTV.

Webelievethatsuccessfulmediaoperatorswillcontinueto

anticipate,ratherthanreactto,theeverchangingdynamics

ofanincreasinglycompetitivemediaenvironment.Evenwith

increasedregulatorysurveillance,verticallyand

horizontallyintegratedmediaoperatorsshouldbegintowield

increasingcompetitiveadvantagesastheyleverageoperating

efficienciesandrealizesynergiesacrossmultipledelivery

platforms.

Fromthefirstparagraph,wecanseethatVerizon，s

announcementofpricecuts.

A.hasproducedapositiveeffectonSPCableandBroadcasting

index

B.willintensifythecompetitionamongCable-TVoperatorsin

thenearfuture

C.renderaggressivepricecutsfromothercableoutfits

absolutelyimpossible

D.willmakeothercableoperatorsoffermultipleservices

1ikebroadband

7、

TheauthormentionstheexampleofSBCtodemonstratethat

A.peopleatSParewatchingoutforpressuresofpricecuts

B.therevenueofcableindustryhasbeengrowingsteadily

C.SBC'sundercuttingaffectscablebroadbandproviders

differently

D.pricepressuresovershadowthegrowthofcablebroadband

business

8、

Itcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheeconomicslump

A.dealtagreaterblowtobroadcastersfortheirdependence

onadspending

B.broughtaboutaconsiderabledownturnofU.S.advertising

spending

C.slowedtherevenuegrowthofcableoperatorsduringthe

recentdownturn

D.keptthesubscriptionsforbroadcastersatalowerlevel

thancables

Whichofthefollowingwillhelpcreateabrightoutlookfor

cable?

A.higherlevelsofgeopoliticalanxieties

B.prospectsofintensivecompetition

C.war'simpactonadvertisingdemand

D.vigorousratesofhigh-speeddatasign-ups

10、

Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat.

A.mediaoperatorsshouldbehighlysensitivetointensifying

competition

B.transactionbetweenNWSandHugheswon,tposeathreatto

mediaindustry

C.integratedmediaoperatorshaveadvantagesinthe

competitivemediaworld

D.regulatorysurveillancehelpsoperatorsleveragetheir

operatingefficiencies

11>Thislineofinquirydidnotbeginuntilearlierthis

month一morethanthreemonthsaftertheaccident一because

therewere''toomanyemotions,toomanyegos”,saidretiredAdm.

HaroldGehman,chairmanoftheColumbiaAccidentInvestigation

Board.

TestifyingbeforetheSenateCommerceCommittee,Gehmansaid

thispartofhisinquirywasinitsearlieststages,starting

just10daysago.ButGehmansaidhealreadyhasconcludedit

is“inconceivable"thatNASAwouldhavebeenunableor

unwillingtoattemptarescueforastronaut,sinorbitif

seniorshuttlemanagersandadministratorshadknowntherewas

fataldamagetoColumbia，sleftwing.

Gehmantoldreportersafterthehearingthatanswerstothese

importantquestionscouldhaveenormousimpact,sincethey

couldplaceinadifferentcontextNASA,sdecisionsagainst

moreaggressivelycheckingpossiblewingdamageinthedays

beforeColumbia'sfatalreturn.

Investigatorsbelievebreakawayinsulatingfoamdamagedpart

ofColumbia，swingShortlyafterliftoff,allowingsuperheated

airtopenetratethewingduringitsfieryre-entryonFeb.1

andmeltitfromtheinside.

AmongthosedecisionswasthechoicebyNASA,sseniorshuttle

managersandadministratorstorejectoffersofsatellite

imagesofpossibledamagetoColumbia，sleftwingbeforethe

accident.ThesubjectdominatedtheearlypartofWednesday's

hearing.Gehmancomplainedthatmanagersandadministrators

“missedsignals"whentheyrejectedthoseoffersforimages,

apointedlyharshassessmentofthespaceagency'sinaction

duringthe16dayshuttlemission.

“Wewillattempttopinthisissuedowninourreport,butthere

wereanumberofbureaucraticandadministrativemissedsignals

here”,Gehmantoldsenators."We'renotquitesohappywiththe

process”.

TheinvestigativeboardalreadyhadrecommendedthatNASApush

forbettercoordinationbetweenthespaceagencyandmilitary

officesinchargeofsatellitesandtelescopes.TheU.S.

NationalImageryandMappingAgencyinMarchagreedto

regularlycapturedetailedsatelliteimagesofspaceshuttles

inorbit.

Still,Gehmansaiditwasunclearwhetherevenimagesfrom

America'smostsophisticatedspysatellitesmighthave

detectedonColumbia5swinganydamage,whichGehmansaidcould

havebeenassmallastwoinchessquare.Theprecise

capabilitiesofsuchsatelliteswasasensitivetopicduring

theSenatehearing.

Gehmanbelievedthathaditsadministratorsknownthedamage

toColumbia,NASAwould.

A.havemanagedtherescueoftheastronautsorbitingthe

earth

B.stillhavebeenunabletoconceiveofanywaytosavethe

astronauts

C.haveattemptedtohelptheastronautsoutofdanger

unwillingly

D.havesucceededinrepairingthedamagedleftwingofthe

shuttle

12、

Whatdoestheword"they"(Para.3,Line2)referto?

A.questions(Para.3,Line1)

B.answers(Para.3,Line1)

C.reporters(Para.3,Line1)

D.investigators(Para.4,Line1)

13、

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.SuperheatedairdamagedtheColumbia'sleftwingshortly

afterliftoff.

B.NASA,srejectionofsatelliteimageswasoneofthefocuses

ofWednesday'shearing.

C.Gehmancomplainedalotabouttheharshassessmentofspace

agency'sinaction.

D.TheInvestigativeBoardismonitoringthecoordination

betweenNASAandNIMA.

14、

WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeGehman'sattitude

towardssatelliteimagesasmentionedinthepassage?

A.Indifferent.

B.Approving.

C.Unclear.

D.Cautious.

15、

Thebesttitleforthispassagecouldbe.

A.Gehman,sCommentonColumbiaAccident

B.NASA,sProblemsExposed

C.AnInquiryintoColumbiaAccident

D.AReflectiononShuttle'sSafety

16、TheNetsuccessof“LazySunday"representsadefining

momentforthefilmandtelevisionbusiness.Advancesin

digitalvideoandbroadbandhavevastlyloweredthecostof

productionanddistribution.Filmmakersarenowfollowingthe

pathblazedbybloggersandmusicians,cheaplycreatingand

uploadingtheirworktotheWeb.Ifitappealstoanyofthe

Net'sniches,millionsofuserswillpassalongtheirfilms

throughe-mail,downloadsorlinks.It'sthedawnofthe

democratizationoftheTVandfilmbusiness一evenunknown

personalitiesarebeingpropelledbytheenthusiasmoftheir

fansintopop-cultureprominence,sometimeswithouteven

traditionalintermediariesliketalentagentsorfilm

festivals.

“Thisislikebypasssurgery,(saysDanHarmon,afilmmaker

whosemonthlyL.A.-basedfilmclubandWebsite,Channel101,

letsmemberssubmitshortvideos,suchastherecent70s'music

mockumentary"YachtRock”,andvoteonwhichtheylikebest.

“Finallywehaveanewgoldenagewheretheartisthasadirect

connectiontotheaudience;"

Thedirectorsbehind“LazySunday“embodythephenomenon.When

theshaggy-hairedSamberg,27,graduatedfromNYUFilmSchool

in2022,hefacedtheconventionalchallengeor,crashingthe

gatesOfHollywood.WithhistwochildhoodfriendsAkiva

SchafferandJormaTaccone,hecameupwithanunconventional

solution:theystartedrecordingmusicparodiesandcomic

videos,andpostingthemtotheirWebsite,TheLonelyisland.com.

ThematerialgottheattentionofproducersattheoldABC

sitcom“SpinCity”,whereSambergandTacconeworkedas

low-levelassistants;theproducerssentacompilationtoa

talentagency.Thefriendsgotanagent,madeacoupleofpilot

TVsketchshowsforComedyCentralandFox,featuring

themselveshammingitupinnearlyalltheroles,andwrote

jokesfortheMTVMovieAwards.Evenwhenthenetworkspassed

ontheirpilots,Sambergandhisfriendssimplypostedthe

episodesonlineandtheirfanbase一at40,000uniquevisitors

amonthearlierthisyear—grewlarger.LastAugust,Samberg

joinedthe"SNL"cast,andSchafferandTacconebecamewriters.

NowtheyshareanofficeinRockefellerCenterand“arealittle

toocuteforeveryone”,Sambergsays,“Wearefriendsliving

ourdream”.

Short,funnyvideoslike“LazySunday"happentotranslate

online,butnoteverythingworksaswell.Bite-sizefilmsare

morepracticalthanlongerones;comedyplaysbetterthandrama.

Butalmosteverythingisworthtrying,sincethetoolstocreate

andpostvideoarenowsocheap,andadhocaudiencescanform,

aroundanysensibility,howevereccentric.

The“dawnofthedemocratizationoftheTVandfilmbusiness”

probablymeans.

A.filmandtelevisionbusinessisenjoyinganunprecedented

success

B.thegeneralpublicareplayinganactiverolein

pop-culture

C.filmmakersareshowinggreatenthusiasmforsuccessonthe

Web

D.e-mail,downloadsorlinksarenowthemainmeansoffilm

distribution

17、

Itisimpliedinthetextthat.

A.talentagentsaresometimesessentialtoaperson;ssuccess

inpopworld

B.timeisupfortheartiststodevelopadirectconnection

tothepublic

C.shortvideosontheWebwouldprovetobethemostpopular

productions

D.thefilmandtelevisionbusinesscanbecomparedtoabypass

surgery

18、

Samberg;ssolutionwasunconventionalbecause.

A.newcomerswereusuallydeniedaccesstoHollywood

B.heandhistwochildhoodfriendsgotacceptedinto

Hollywood

C.herecordedmusicparodiesandcomicvideosallbyhimself

D.heandhisfriendscreatedanduploadedtheirproductions

totheirWebsite

19、

WhichofthefollowingcontributedmosttotheNetsuccessof

“LazySunday”?

A.ProducersattheoldABCsitcom"SpinCity”.

B.ConventionsofHollywood.

C.Comicnatureofthevideo.

D.Eccentricityofaudiencesonline.

20、

Thepurposeofthistextisprimarilyto.

A.reporttheunexpectedsuccessofSamberg

B.pointoutanewdirectionforTVandfilmbusiness

C.discussanewphenomenoninpop-culture

D.explainthereasonsBehindSamberg,ssuccess

21、PartB(10points)

Youaregoingtoreadalistofheadingsandatextaboutthe

DeepImpactbyNASA;Choosethemostsuitableheadingfromthe

listforeachnumberedparagraph.Thefirstparagraphandthe

lasttwoparagraphsofthetextarenotnumbered.Thereisone

extraheadingwhichyoudon，tneedtouse.

A.Revelationofthenatureofcomets

B.Aperfectrepresentativeofthecomets

C.Hopingforthebest

D.RighttimeandrightplacefortheImpact

E.WhattoexpectofthisDeepImpact?

F.Mysteryintheheavens

OnMondayat1:52a.m.ET,aprobedeployedbyaNASAspacecraft

83millionmilesfromhomewillsmashat23,000mphintoan

ancientcometthesizeofManhattan,blastingaholeperhaps

14storiesdeep.

(41).

LaunchedinJanuary,NASA's$333millionDeepImpactmission

isdesignedtoanswerquestionsthatscientistshavelonghad

aboutcomets,theominousicebergsofspace.Thisisthefirst

timeanyspaceagencyhasstagedsuchadeliberatecrash.

Scientistshopeimagestransmittedbytheprobeanditsmother

shipwilltellthemaboutconditionsintheearlysolarsystem,

whencometsandplanets,includingEarth,wereformed.Theteam

hopestoreleasephotosoftheimpactassoonastheyare

receivedfromthecraft.NASAandobservatoriesacrossthe

nationwillbereleasingwebcasts.

(42).

Attheveryleast,NASAsays,knowinghowdeeptheprobedives

intothecometcouldsettlethedebateoverwhethercometsare

compacticecubesorporoussnowcones."Weneedtodigasdeep

aholeaspossible”,saysmissionscienceChiefMichaelA'Hearn

oftheUniversityofMaryland.Untilnow,theclosest

scientistshavecometoacometwaswhenNASA'sStardustmission

passedwithin167milesofthecometWild2lastyear,

collectingcometdustthatisboundforareturntoEarthin

January.Themostfamousdatewithacometoccurredwhenan

internationalspacecraftflotillagreetedHalley'scometin

1986.Butthesequicklooksexaminedonlythecomets(dustand

Surface;

(43).

Totheancients,cometswereharbingersofdoom,celestial

intrudersontheperfectionoftheheavensthatpresaged

disaster.Modernastronomershavelookedonthemmorefavorably,

atleastsinceEdmondHalley，scelebrated1705predictionof

thereturnofHalley'sCometin1758andevery75years

thereafter.Today,scientistsbelieveTempel1(namedforErnst

WiIhelmLeberechtTempel,whofirstspotteditin1867while

searchingforcometsintheskyoverMarseilles,France)and

othercometsarewindowstotheearliestdaysofthesolar

system,4.6billionyearsago,whenplanetsformedfromthedust

disksurroundingtheinfantsun.

(44).

DeepImpact，scopper-plated"impactor”-a39-inchlong,

820-poundbeer-barrel-shapedprobe一willbe"runoverlikea

pennyonatraintrack"whenitcrashes,A,Hearnsays.The

impactorisequippedwithanavigationsystemtomakesureit

smacksintothecometintherightlocationfortheflyby

craft'scameras.OnSunday,theflybyspacecraftwillrelease

theprobe.Twelveminuteslater,itwillbeatahastyretreat

withamaneuveraimedatallowingacloseflyby,from5,348

milesaway,withcameraspointed.Fourteenminutesafterthe

impact,theflybyspacecraftwillscoottowithinamere310

milesforaclose-upofthedamage.

(45).

Ideally,everythingwilllineup,andtheflybyspacecraftwill

takeimagesofthecratercausedbytheimpact.Itwillgointo

a"shielded"modeasiceanddustbatterthecraft,thenemerge

totakemorepictures."Therealisticworstcaseishitting(the

comet)butnothavingtheflybyintherightplace",A'Hearn

says.Basically,wehaveabullettryingtohitasecondbullet

withathirdbulletintherightplaceattherighttimetowatch

22、(42)

23、(43)

24、(44)

25、(45)

26、PartC

Directions:Readthefollowingtext